397:
140:. For example, inex series 30 started in saros series −245 in 9435 BC and will continue well beyond 15,000 AD. But inex series are not unbroken: at the beginning and end of a series, eclipses may fail to occur. However once settled down, inex series are very stable and run for many thousands of years. For example, series 30 has produced eclipses every 29 years since saros series −197 in 8045 BC, including most recently the
374:
391:
Lunar eclipses can also be plotted in a similar diagram, this diagram covering 1000 AD to 2500 AD. The yellow diagonal band represents all the eclipses from 1900 to 2100. This graph immediately illuminates that this 1900–2100 period contains an above average number of total lunar eclipses compared to
349:
lengths. One can see from the data file that in the future (around saros series 300) the graph is horizontal (meaning that after an interval of an inex the moon will be at the same latitude), whereas at the beginning of the panorama around 11,000 BC for the moon to come back to the same latitude at
147:
An inex also is close to an integer number of days (10,571.95) so solar eclipses on average take place at about the same geographical longitude at successive events, although variations of the moon's speed at different points of its orbit mask this relation. In addition sequential events occur at
362:
in the length of a synodic month.) One source states that the draconic month is increasing by about 0.4 seconds (ca 0.16 ppm) per millennium whereas the synodic month is increasing by about 0.2 seconds (ca 0.08 ppm) per millennium, but doesn't explain why the draconic month is increasing faster.
382:
From the data file we can see that eclipses recur with a period of a combination of 15 inex and 1 saros (5593 synodic months, 165164.58 days, or 452.2 tropical years) throughout the whole panorama (26,000 years), for example from the eclipse of saros series −290, inex series 2 (slightly off the
350:
another eclipse required about one saros for every ten inex. This implies that back then 3580+223 or 3803 synodic months equaled 3885+242 or 4127 draconic months. So a synodic month was about 1.0851959 draconic months, as compared to about 1.0851958 today. This decrease by about 0.1
129:, every third eclipse will have a similar position in the moon's elliptical orbit and apparent diameter, so the quality of the solar eclipse (total versus annular) will repeat in these groupings of 3 cycles (87 years minus 2 months), called
165:
The significance of the inex cycle is not in the prediction, but in the organization of eclipses: any eclipse cycle, and indeed the interval between any two eclipses, can be expressed as a combination of saros and inex intervals.
383:
panorama to the left) to the eclipse of saros series 580, inex series 60 on the right-side edge of the panorama. Similar cycles with more or less than 15 inex per saros also cover the whole panorama.
174:
The following fourteen eclipses from part of inex series 52, which has been yielding eclipses every 29 years since saros series −115 in 5275 BC and will continue to do so beyond 15,000 AD.
162:
days, so successive solar eclipses tend to take place about 120° in longitude apart on the globe (although at the same node and hence at about the same geographical latitude).
148:
opposite geographical latitudes because the eclipses occur at opposite nodes. This is in contrast to the better known saros, which has a period of about
338:
which progresses smoothly from partial eclipses into total or annular eclipses and back into partials. Each graph row represents an inex series.
533:
39:
188:
141:
519:
503:
486:
194:
119:
so successive eclipses are not very similar in their appearance and characteristics. From the remainder of 0.67351, being near
212:
206:
200:
490:
224:
218:
265:
358:). (Note that if the length of a sidereal month were constant, then a decrease in the length of a year would cause an
328:
278:
272:
354:
can be compared to the decrease in the length of a tropical year by about 1 ppm in the last 10,000 years (see
408:
297:
291:
284:
303:
20:
396:
54:
there will be an eclipse in the next saros series, unless the latter saros series has come to an end.
541:
43:
38:
of 10,571.95 days (about 29 years minus 20 days). The cycle was first described in modern times by
438:
Eclipses in the Second
Millennium B.C. (–1600 to –1207): And how to Compute them in a Few Minutes
46:
who studied it in detail half a century later. It has been suggested that the cycle was known to
561:
351:
112:
105:
82:
454:
Willmann-Bell, Inc., Richmond 1997 (Chapter 9 , "Solar eclipses: some periodicities").
341:
The lifetime of each inex series is not simple due to long-term period variations in the
430:
323:
A saros-inex panorama has been produced by Luca
Quaglia and John Tilley. It shows 61775
346:
75:
555:
355:
342:
324:
97:
93:
62:
35:
100:), then after one inex a New Moon (resp. Full Moon) will take place at the opposite
373:
137:
51:
335:
69:
101:
47:
515:
252:
421:
Andrew Claude de la
Cherois Crommelin (1901), "The 29-Year Eclipse-Cycle",
472:
108:, and under these circumstances another eclipse can occur.
447:, 2 vols. Tjeenk Willink & Zn NV, Haarlem 1955.
445:
Periodicity and
Variation of Solar (and Lunar) Eclipses
251:
Lunar Saros 123: Total Lunar
Eclipse of 1826 Nov 14 (
184:
Saros series 132: Solar eclipse of
September 29, 1875
238:
Saros series 143: Solar eclipse of
February 21, 2194
314:
Lunar Saros 135: Total Lunar
Eclipse of 2174 Mar 18
311:
Lunar Saros 134: Total Lunar
Eclipse of 2145 Apr 07
308:
Lunar Saros 133: Total Lunar
Eclipse of 2116 Apr 27
261:
Lunar Saros 125: Total Lunar Eclipse of 1884 Oct 04
258:
Lunar Saros 124: Total Lunar Eclipse of 1855 Oct 25
181:
Saros series 131: Solar eclipse of October 20, 1846
178:
Saros series 130: Solar eclipse of November 9, 1817
247:These eclipses are part of Lunar Inex Series 40.
235:Saros series 142: Solar eclipse of March 12, 2165
229:Saros series 140: Solar eclipse of April 23, 2107
232:Saros series 141: Solar eclipse of April 1, 2136
115:, the inex is not close to an integer number of
92:The 30.5 eclipse years means that if there is a
8:
243:An example partial inex lunar eclipse series
170:An example partial inex solar eclipse series
50:. One inex after an eclipse of a particular
440:Tjeenk Willink & Zn NV, Haarlem 1954.
365:
464:
334:Each column of the graph is a complete
367:Solar eclipses from –11000 to +15000.
409:June 2058 lunar eclipse § Inex_series
7:
473:"Thirteenth Century BC Eclipse Data"
304:Total Lunar Eclipse of 2087 May 17
298:Total Lunar Eclipse of 2058 Jun 06
292:Total Lunar Eclipse of 2029 Jun 26
285:Total Lunar Eclipse of 2000 Jul 16
279:Total Lunar Eclipse of 1971 Aug 06
273:Total Lunar Eclipse of 1942 Aug 26
266:Total Lunar Eclipse of 1913 Sep 15
189:Solar eclipse of September 9, 1904
136:Inex series last much longer than
14:
142:solar eclipse of February 5, 2000
395:
372:
195:Solar eclipse of August 21, 1933
534:"Periodicity of Solar Eclipses"
16:Eclipse cycle of 10,571.95 days
491:Saros, Inex and Eclipse cycles
452:Mathematical Astronomy Morsels
213:Solar eclipse of June 21, 2020
207:Solar eclipse of July 11, 1991
201:Solar eclipse of July 31, 1962
1:
443:George van den Bergh (1955),
436:George van den Bergh (1954),
225:Solar eclipse of May 11, 2078
219:Solar eclipse of May 31, 2049
520:Solar eclipse panaorama.xls
504:Solar eclipse panaorama.xls
493:for how to calculate dates.
487:Solar eclipse panaorama.xls
74:30.50011 eclipse years (61
578:
392:other adjacent centuries.
42:in 1901, but was named by
18:
387:Lunar Saros-Inex panorama
319:Solar Saros-Inex panorama
540:. NASA. Archived from
538:NASA Eclipse Web Site
532:Fred Espenak (2012).
21:Inex (disambiguation)
44:George van den Bergh
19:For other uses, see
516:Saros-Inex Panorama
450:Jean Meeus (1997),
368:
57:It corresponds to:
366:
223:Saros series 139:
217:Saros series 138:
211:Saros series 137:
205:Saros series 136:
199:Saros series 135:
193:Saros series 134:
187:Saros series 133:
117:anomalistic months
83:anomalistic months
380:
379:
302:Lunar Saros 132:
296:Lunar Saros 131:
290:Lunar Saros 130:
287:(Micro Full Moon)
283:Lunar Saros 129:
277:Lunar Saros 128:
271:Lunar Saros 127:
268:(Micro Full Moon)
264:Lunar Saros 126:
106:orbit of the Moon
569:
546:
545:
529:
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507:
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429:(1901), 379–382
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128:
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502:See row 114 in
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497:
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470:
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461:
423:The Observatory
418:
405:
389:
321:
253:Micro Full Moon
245:
172:
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125:
121:
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76:eclipse seasons
70:draconic months
61:358 lunations (
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
575:
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564:
554:
553:
548:
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544:on 2016-07-22.
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347:draconic month
325:solar eclipses
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90:
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88:8 eclipse sets
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63:synodic months
15:
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356:Tropical year
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344:
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332:
331:) to +15000.
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327:from −11000 (
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98:lunar eclipse
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94:solar eclipse
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55:
53:
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36:eclipse cycle
33:
29:
22:
542:the original
537:
527:
511:
498:
481:
467:
451:
444:
437:
426:
422:
411:, an example
394:
390:
381:
359:
340:
336:Saros series
333:
322:
246:
173:
164:
146:
138:saros series
135:
130:
116:
110:
91:
56:
52:saros series
31:
27:
25:
431:online link
111:Unlike the
518:. Data in
485:Row 92 in
416:References
81:383.67351
68:388.50011
48:Hipparchos
40:Crommelin
562:Eclipses
556:Category
403:See also
360:increase
329:11001 BC
34:) is an
30:(plural
343:synodic
157:⁄
124:⁄
104:of the
489:. See
131:triads
32:inexes
459:Notes
150:6,585
113:saros
345:and
133:.
102:node
96:(or
28:inex
26:The
352:ppm
558::
536:.
427:24
425:,
144:.
522:.
506:.
475:.
433:.
255:)
159:3
155:1
152:+
126:3
122:2
85:.
78:)
65:)
23:.
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