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Functional imaging experiments suggest that the left anterior supramarginal gyrus (aSMG) of the human inferior parietal lobule exhibits an evolved specialization related to tool use. It is not currently known if this functional specialization is unique to humans as complementary experiments have only
2128:
309:
In males, the inferior parietal lobule is significantly more voluminous in the left hemisphere compared to the right. This extreme asymmetry is not present in females and this may contribute to cognitive differences between the sexes.
426:
been performed with macaque monkeys and not apes. The habitual use of tools by chimpanzees makes the uniqueness of the human aSMG an open question as its function may have evolved prior to the split from our last common ancestor.
313:
In macaque neuroanatomy, this region is often divided into caudal and rostral portions, cIPL and rIPL, respectively. The cIPL is further divided into areas Opt and PG whereas rIPL is divided into PFG and PF areas.
536:
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440:
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718:
Radua, Joaquim; Phillips, Mary L.; Russell, Tamara; Lawrence, Natalia; Marshall, Nicolette; Kalidindi, Sridevi; El-Hage, Wissam; McDonald, Colm; et al. (2010).
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Peeters, R.; Simone, L.; Nelissen, K.; Fabbri-Destro, M.; Vanduffel, W.; Rizzolatti, G.; Orban, G. A. (September 16, 2009).
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Lateral surface of left cerebral hemisphere, viewed from the side. (Inferior parietal lobule is shown in orange.)
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720:"Neural response to specific components of fearful faces in healthy and schizophrenic adults"
2019:
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665:"Intrinsic connections and architectonics of posterior parietal cortex in the rhesus monkey"
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2129:
Knowledge (XXG) articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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796:"The Representation of Tool Use in Humans and Monkeys: Common and Uniquely Human Features"
273:
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389:. Destruction to the inferior parietal lobule of the non-dominant hemisphere results in
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Destruction to the inferior parietal lobule of the dominant hemisphere results in
614:
Frederikse, M. E.; Lu, A.; Aylward, E.; Barta, P.; Pearlson, G. (December 1999).
159:
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542:
Inferior parietal lobule highlighted in green on transversal T1 MRI images
2029:
371:
331:
153:
246:, who in the early 1960s recognised its importance. It is a part of the
208:
530:
Inferior parietal lobule highlighted in green on sagittal T1 MRI images
363:
518:
Inferior parietal lobule highlighted in green on coronal T1 MRI images
1565:
719:
2024:
778:
129:
847:
2096:
766:"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"
45:
Superficial anatomy of the inferior parietal lobule.
446:
Animation. Inferior parietal lobule is shown in red.
258:
It is divided from rostral to caudal into two gyri:
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2012:
1979:
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2084:Some categorizations are approximations, and some
322:Inferior parietal lobule has been involved in the
616:"Sex differences in the inferior parietal lobule"
458:Lateral view of a human brain, main gyri labeled.
330:. The Inferior parietal lobule is concerned with
506:Inferior parietal lobule, right hemisphere view.
859:
8:
235:. Also known as Geschwind's territory after
227:) lies below the horizontal portion of the
1835:
1760:
1596:
1495:
1304:
1047:
899:
892:
866:
852:
844:
39:
27:
821:
811:
663:Pandya, D. N.; Seltzer, B. (1982-01-10).
631:
326:in facial stimuli, and interpretation of
301:, behind which it is continuous with the
16:Portion of the parietal lobe of the brain
494:Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.
482:Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.
470:Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.
297:), arches over the posterior end of the
2103:
592:
436:
272:), arches over the upturned end of the
573:This article incorporates text in the
206:
18:
276:; it is continuous in front with the
7:
669:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
1776:Lateral (frontal+parietal+temporal)
231:, and behind the lower part of the
362:: right-to-left confusion, finger
14:
2106:
736:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.030
567:
535:
523:
511:
499:
487:
475:
463:
451:
439:
203:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
1870:Posterior parahippocampal gyrus
1812:Collateral (temporal+occipital)
1458:Secondary somatosensory cortex
1150:Ventromedial prefrontal cortex
813:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2040-09.2009
601:"The Brain from top to bottom"
1:
2073:Poles of cerebral hemispheres
1807:Cingulate (frontal+cingulate)
1446:Primary somatosensory cortex
1538:Transverse occipital sulcus
800:The Journal of Neuroscience
581:of the 20th edition of
135:Lobulus parietalis inferior
2155:
1950:Isthmus of cingulate gyrus
1771:Central (frontal+parietal)
1506:Occipital pole of cerebrum
2081:
1607:Transverse temporal gyrus
1470:Posterior parietal cortex
201:
38:
26:
1728:Inferior temporal sulcus
1649:Superior temporal sulcus
1332:Inferior parietal lobule
1315:Superior parietal lobule
1255:Supplementary motor area
557:Temporoparietal junction
299:superior temporal sulcus
221:inferior parietal lobule
93:Superior temporal sulcus
22:Inferior parietal lobule
1733:Inferior temporal gyrus
1677:Occipitotemporal sulcus
1623:Superior temporal gyrus
1516:Lateral occipital gyrus
1267:Supplementary eye field
1008:Inferior frontal sulcus
1003:Superior frontal sulcus
336:mathematical operations
282:superior temporal gyrus
1994:Fimbria of hippocampus
1060:Superior frontal gyrus
958:Inferior frontal gyrus
912:Superior frontal gyrus
633:10.1093/cercor/9.8.896
324:perception of emotions
280:, and behind with the
1981:Hippocampal formation
1840:Parahippocampal gyrus
1654:Middle temporal gyrus
681:10.1002/cne.902040208
354:Clinical significance
303:middle temporal gyrus
1954:Retrosplenial cortex
1802:Longitudinal fissure
1694:Medial temporal lobe
1371:Intraparietal sulcus
1231:Primary motor cortex
1128:Orbitofrontal cortex
1077:Medial frontal gyrus
934:Middle frontal gyrus
399:construction apraxia
360:Gerstmann's syndrome
229:intraparietal sulcus
225:subparietal district
85:Intraparietal sulcus
1931:Posterior cingulate
1341:Supramarginal gyrus
806:(37): 11523–11539.
779:Peeters et al. 2009
407:hemispatial neglect
344:supramarginal gyrus
342:, particularly the
328:sensory information
265:supramarginal gyrus
71:(Sylvian fissure),
52:Supramarginal gyrus
1989:Hippocampal sulcus
1909:Anterior cingulate
1786:Preoccipital notch
1387:Paracentral lobule
1357:Parietal operculum
1279:Frontal eye fields
1211:Paracentral sulcus
1199:Paracentral lobule
1100:Paraolfactory area
1096:Paraterminal gyrus
391:topographic memory
233:postcentral sulcus
101:Preoccipital notch
2094:
2093:
2038:
2037:
1863:Postrhinal cortex
1858:Perirhinal cortex
1853:Entorhinal cortex
1825:
1824:
1781:Parieto-occipital
1748:
1747:
1586:
1585:
1485:
1484:
1442:Postcentral gyrus
1294:
1293:
1219:
1218:
1039:
1038:
1031:Precentral sulcus
994:Pars triangularis
430:Additional images
278:postcentral gyrus
217:
216:
212:
2146:
2111:
2110:
2102:
2020:Indusium griseum
1885:Cingulate cortex
1875:Prepyriform area
1836:
1761:
1641:Planum temporale
1597:
1578:Calcarine sulcus
1496:
1305:
1176:Olfactory sulcus
1162:Subcallosal area
1048:
1026:Precentral gyrus
985:Pars opercularis
900:
893:
868:
861:
854:
845:
835:
825:
815:
781:
776:
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769:
762:
756:
755:
715:
709:
708:
660:
654:
653:
635:
611:
605:
604:
597:
571:
570:
539:
527:
515:
503:
491:
479:
467:
455:
443:
421:In other animals
409:, contralateral
405:, contralateral
403:dressing apraxia
287:The second, the
237:Norman Geschwind
209:edit on Wikidata
58:
49:
43:
31:
19:
2154:
2153:
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2119:
2118:
2117:
2105:
2097:
2095:
2090:
2077:
2056:
2034:
2008:
1975:
1879:
1821:
1817:Callosal sulcus
1795:Medial/inferior
1790:
1755:
1744:
1670:Medial/inferior
1665:
1637:Wernicke's area
1611:Auditory cortex
1582:
1547:Medial/inferior
1542:
1481:
1430:
1426:Marginal sulcus
1380:Medial/inferior
1375:
1290:
1243:Premotor cortex
1215:
1185:
1044:Medial/inferior
1035:
1012:
882:
876:cerebral cortex
874:Anatomy of the
872:
842:
793:
785:
784:
777:
773:
764:
763:
759:
717:
716:
712:
662:
661:
657:
620:Cerebral Cortex
613:
612:
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598:
594:
568:
565:
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356:
320:
274:lateral fissure
256:
213:
104:
63:
56:
54:
47:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2152:
2150:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2092:
2091:
2086:Brodmann areas
2082:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2052:Insular cortex
2048:
2046:
2044:Insular cortex
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2033:
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2027:
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2016:
2014:
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2009:
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1996:
1991:
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1945:
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1943:
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1916:
1906:
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1897:Subgenual area
1893:
1891:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
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1796:
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1778:
1773:
1767:
1765:
1758:
1756:sulci/fissures
1750:
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1743:
1742:
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1740:
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1724:
1723:
1722:
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1716:
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1690:
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1682:Fusiform gyrus
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1530:
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1523:
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1511:Occipital gyri
1508:
1502:
1500:
1493:
1491:Occipital lobe
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1208:
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1206:
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1193:
1187:
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1183:
1181:Orbital sulcus
1178:
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1159:
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1112:Straight gyrus
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971:Pars orbitalis
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840:External links
838:
837:
836:
783:
782:
771:
757:
730:(1): 939–946.
710:
675:(2): 196–210.
655:
626:(8): 896–901.
606:
591:
590:
584:Gray's Anatomy
564:
561:
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559:
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549:
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541:
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415:quadrantanopia
387:quadrantanopia
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77:Central sulcus
69:Lateral sulcus
55:
50: Purple:
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36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2151:
2140:
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2135:
2134:Parietal lobe
2132:
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2100:
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2028:
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2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2004:Rhinal sulcus
2002:
2000:
1999:Dentate gyrus
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1782:
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1764:Superolateral
1762:
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1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
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1707:
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1621:
1617:
1614:
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1608:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:Superolateral
1598:
1595:
1593:
1592:Temporal lobe
1589:
1579:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1571:Lingual gyrus
1569:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1554:Visual cortex
1552:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:Lunate sulcus
1531:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:Superolateral
1497:
1494:
1492:
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1350:Angular gyrus
1347:
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896:Superolateral
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575:public domain
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380:contralateral
377:
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348:angular gyrus
345:
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290:angular gyrus
286:
283:
279:
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267:
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248:parietal lobe
245:
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61:Angular gyrus
53:
42:
37:
30:
25:
20:
2083:
1847:
1331:
1124:Orbital gyri
976:Broca's area
888:Frontal lobe
803:
799:
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172:A14.1.09.125
160:birnlex_1194
134:
96:
88:
80:
72:
64:
59: Blue:
1831:Limbic lobe
880:human brain
413:, or lower
395:anosognosia
385:, or lower
376:dyscalculia
244:neurologist
124:Identifiers
2123:Categories
2088:span gyri.
1754:Interlobar
1451:3, 1 and 2
1191:Precentral
1052:Prefrontal
1018:Precentral
904:Prefrontal
724:NeuroImage
563:References
411:hemianopia
383:hemianopia
368:dysgraphia
340:body image
142:NeuroNames
2068:Operculum
1616:41 and 42
1414:Precuneus
689:0021-9967
642:1047-3211
262:One, the
254:Structure
2030:Amygdala
1848:anterior
832:19759300
744:19699306
705:34281911
650:10601007
579:page 823
551:See also
372:dyslexia
346:and the
332:language
318:Function
241:American
154:NeuroLex
2113:Anatomy
2061:General
878:of the
823:6665774
788:General
768:. 2003.
752:6209163
697:6276450
603:. 2011.
364:agnosia
114:Part of
109:Details
2099:Portal
1566:Cuneus
830:
820:
750:
742:
703:
695:
687:
648:
640:
587:(1918)
393:loss,
338:, and
57:
48:
2025:Uncus
2013:Other
1889:gyrus
748:S2CID
701:S2CID
577:from
295:BA 39
270:BA 40
239:, an
207:[
196:77536
130:Latin
2139:Gyri
1435:Both
1224:Both
828:PMID
740:PMID
693:PMID
685:ISSN
646:PMID
638:ISSN
370:and
219:The
184:5471
167:TA98
818:PMC
808:doi
732:doi
677:doi
673:204
628:doi
191:FMA
179:TA2
147:107
89:STS
81:IPS
2125::
1969:30
1964:29
1959:26
1952::
1941:31
1936:23
1924:33
1919:32
1914:24
1902:25
1738:20
1719:36
1714:35
1709:34
1704:28
1699:27
1687:37
1659:21
1633:22
1628:38
1559:17
1526:19
1521:18
1362:43
1346:39
1337:40
1167:25
1155:10
1143:12
1138:11
1133:10
1117:11
1105:12
990:45
981:44
967:47
962:11
960::
949:46
944:10
826:.
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738:.
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699:.
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618:.
417:.
401:,
397:,
378:,
374:,
366:,
350:.
334:,
250:.
156:ID
99::
97:PN
95:,
87:,
83::
79:,
75::
73:CS
67::
65:LS
2101::
1887:/
1643:)
1639:(
1635:/
1609:/
1475:7
1463:5
1444:/
1419:7
1407:5
1402:3
1397:2
1392:1
1348:-
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1126:/
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992:-
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917:4
867:e
860:t
853:v
834:.
810::
754:.
734::
707:.
679::
652:.
630::
624:9
305:.
293:(
284:.
268:(
223:(
211:]
103:.
91::
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