103:
224:
61:
42:
429:" because it has a wide range and presumed large population. It is hunted for food on some islands and it is also threatened by degradation of native forest for logging and for conversion to plantations and cultivated land. Populations appear to be declining but not at such a rate as to warrant placing the bat in a more threatened category.
339:, yielding an age of death between A.D. 1064 and 1155. Their stratigraphic position in an Archaic period archaeological site and the absence of bones in the late prehistoric to historic layers point to extirpation of the species. No flying fox bones were found in prehuman deposits and human transport of the species cannot be ruled out.
438:
Analysis of the recovered DNA sequences revealed 48 single-stranded DNA viruses, including 5 cyclovirus and 14 gemycircularvirus novel species. Three of the viruses were sampled in consecutive years and six were found at multiple sites indicating that they are persistently associated with insular flying fox colonies.
437:
Bats are well known as natural hosts and possibly reservoirs of a large diversity of both RNA and DNA viruses, of which some are responsible for emerging infections and disease outbreaks. Faecal matter from four roosting sites of insular flying foxes in Tonga was sampled for viruses during 2014–2015.
387:. Its range includes Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Samoa, Tonga, the Cook Islands, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Niue, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna. It sometimes migrates between islands and its typical habitat is tropical wet forests, mangrove forests and plantations.
395:
Like most species of bat, this flying fox is nocturnal and roosts in colonies high in the canopy. These bats favor lowland native forests, cliffs, islets, and swampy areas. The females give birth to a single offspring each year although occasionally twins are born.
720:
Male, Maketalena F.; Kraberger, Simona; Stainton, Daisy; Kami, Viliami; Varsani, Arvind (April 2016). "Cycloviruses, gemycircularviruses and other novel replication-associated protein encoding circular viruses in
Pacific flying fox (Pteropus tonganus) faeces".
3727:
3792:
3859:
3701:
3333:
3919:
3740:
3444:
3309:
3300:
774:
3226:
592:
335:, making this the most eastern extension of the species. For the first time, flying fox bones from cultural deposits were directly dated by
3909:
1638:
1629:
3158:
1683:
3939:
3924:
3879:
3244:
3194:
1728:
1236:
872:
3894:
3176:
1647:
3435:
3766:
3235:
3140:
3131:
2664:
1656:
1254:
908:
2841:
2038:
1737:
1701:
1674:
971:
926:
3784:
3167:
2832:
1719:
1710:
1022:
3745:
2387:
2238:
2202:
2089:
1692:
1394:
1245:
899:
336:
3874:
3149:
3122:
2211:
1328:
1200:
953:
944:
3490:
3934:
3779:
3662:
3536:
1798:
1665:
1013:
935:
917:
881:
1295:
3185:
2736:
2468:
2333:
1861:
1286:
989:
890:
767:
529:
213:
3797:
3929:
3914:
3453:
3001:
1920:
102:
3884:
3869:
2790:
2540:
2229:
2220:
2130:
1761:
1403:
1385:
1137:
1113:
2745:
2450:
2414:
1352:
1209:
3904:
3527:
2637:
2369:
2297:
2178:
2154:
2080:
1970:
1879:
1870:
1828:
1516:
1483:
3899:
3889:
3602:
2974:
2969:
2646:
2549:
2432:
2324:
1837:
1492:
1168:
1147:
980:
3667:
3640:
534:(Chiroptera: Pteropodidae), in Prehistoric Polynesia: a Case of Possible Human Transport and Extirpation"
2718:
2700:
2360:
1961:
1911:
1550:
962:
760:
361:
197:
3569:
1597:
1218:
3688:
3649:
3545:
3046:
3028:
2727:
2691:
2576:
2504:
2495:
2270:
2121:
3055:
2917:
2763:
2673:
2558:
2342:
2020:
698:
482:
50:
621:
2992:
2899:
2682:
2613:
2486:
2396:
2306:
2279:
1952:
1376:
613:
568:
259:. It is geographically widespread, the most widespread flying fox in the Pacific: it is found in
97:
3732:
348:
The range of coloration in this bat species varies somewhat. Its back is described as black or
3864:
3818:
3675:
3403:
3394:
3268:
2983:
2772:
2628:
2603:
2585:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2477:
2378:
2351:
2047:
2029:
1575:
855:
738:
600:
3823:
3370:
3010:
2956:
2808:
2799:
2781:
2709:
2655:
2619:
2567:
2441:
2405:
2288:
2056:
1227:
1080:
730:
693:
605:
558:
550:
477:
375:
In flight, their outstretched wings appear a translucent dark brown when viewed from below.
332:
280:
3758:
3805:
3654:
3019:
2908:
2594:
2423:
2104:
1770:
1752:
1540:
1451:
1427:
1304:
1089:
541:
409:
328:
296:
752:
223:
3508:
2459:
2315:
820:
260:
3853:
3753:
3560:
3385:
3361:
3283:
3083:
3041:
1319:
1128:
1004:
684:
675:
468:
459:
426:
357:
353:
272:
70:
65:
572:
3680:
3518:
3351:
3324:
3259:
3095:
2823:
1998:
1935:
1852:
1811:
1104:
1050:
842:
647:
264:
256:
41:
17:
734:
3836:
3771:
3714:
3634:
3418:
3105:
2869:
1466:
1418:
1269:
3625:
372:
are bare, and the fur of the males is described as "stiff, short, oily hairs".
2882:
2193:
2071:
1894:
1531:
1183:
826:
404:
349:
327:, were recovered from an archaeological site on Rurutu (151 210 W, 22 270'S),
252:
3471:
2932:
2169:
1588:
1507:
1442:
1367:
1063:
400:
384:
114:
742:
504:
554:
3810:
3619:
3481:
2253:
2145:
2011:
1612:
1343:
1159:
814:
808:
802:
796:
174:
134:
3706:
3209:
784:
617:
563:
365:
304:
164:
3719:
2951:
316:
144:
124:
3596:
609:
3831:
369:
300:
284:
87:
81:
528:
Bollt, Robert; Findlater, Amy; Weisler, Marshall I. (July 2006).
422:
276:
268:
3693:
3600:
3080:
2866:
1995:
1795:
1572:
1047:
839:
756:
453:
451:
323:
Five bones, representing one adult of the
Pacific Flying Fox,
154:
674:
Lavery, T.H.; Scanlon, A.; Helgen, K.; Hamilton, S. (2020).
458:
Lavery, T.H.; Scanlon, A.; Helgen, K.; Hamilton, S. (2020).
383:
The insular flying fox has a widespread distribution in
648:"Pteropus tonganus - Tongan fruit bat or flying fox"
3609:
3558:
3516:
3507:
3479:
3470:
3416:
3383:
3359:
3350:
3322:
3281:
3257:
3207:
3103:
3094:
2930:
2880:
2821:
2251:
2191:
2167:
2143:
2102:
2069:
2009:
1933:
1892:
1850:
1809:
1750:
1610:
1586:
1529:
1505:
1464:
1440:
1416:
1365:
1341:
1317:
1267:
1181:
1157:
1126:
1102:
1061:
1002:
853:
352:; its mantle has been called orange, yellow, cream
591:Miller, Carrie A.; Wilson, Don E. (9 May 1997).
530:"A New Eastern Limit of the Pacific Flying Fox,
321:
319:announced in 2006 some important fossil finds:
699:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18764A22088495.en
483:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T18764A22088495.en
403:and eat pollen and nectar. They are important
768:
8:
604:(552). American Society of Mammalogists: 1.
3597:
3513:
3476:
3356:
3100:
3091:
3077:
2877:
2863:
2006:
1992:
1806:
1792:
1583:
1569:
1058:
1044:
850:
836:
775:
761:
753:
425:rates the insular flying fox as being of "
222:
59:
40:
31:
697:
562:
481:
3445:East African little collared fruit bat (
586:
584:
582:
315:Archaeologists on an excavation site at
3334:Veldkamp's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
650:. Thornton, Colorado: Ryan Photographic
447:
669:
667:
665:
3301:Hayman's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
3159:Lesser Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
7:
3310:Peters' dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
3227:Buettikofer's epauletted fruit bat (
1729:New Britain naked-backed fruit bat (
1237:Nusatenggara short-nosed fruit bat (
873:Broad-striped tube-nosed fruit bat (
3860:IUCN Red List least concern species
3177:East African epauletted fruit bat (
1648:Philippine naked-backed fruit bat (
1639:Beaufort's naked-backed fruit bat (
1630:Andersen's naked-backed fruit bat (
685:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
469:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2665:Little golden-mantled flying fox (
1684:Solomon's naked-backed fruit bat (
1657:Halmahera naked-backed fruit bat (
1255:Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat (
909:Round-eared tube-nosed fruit bat (
25:
3245:Franquet's epauletted fruit bat (
3195:Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat (
2842:Sulawesi stripe-faced fruit bat (
2039:Giant golden-crowned flying fox (
1738:Greenish naked-backed fruit bat (
1702:Moluccan naked-backed fruit bat (
1675:Sulawesi naked-backed fruit bat (
972:Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat (
723:Infection, Genetics and Evolution
3168:Ethiopian epauletted fruit bat (
2833:Mindoro stripe-faced fruit bat (
1720:Western naked-backed fruit bat (
1711:Panniet naked-backed fruit bat (
1023:Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat (
101:
3141:Peters's epauletted fruit bat (
3132:Ansell's epauletted fruit bat (
2388:New Ireland masked flying fox (
2239:New Georgian monkey-faced Bat (
2203:Bougainville monkey-faced Bat (
2090:Small white-winged flying fox (
1693:Lesser naked-backed fruit bat (
1246:Greater short-nosed fruit bat (
900:Mountain tube-nosed fruit bat (
3920:Mammals of the Solomon Islands
3150:Gambian epauletted fruit bat (
3123:Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
2212:Guadalcanal monkey-faced Bat (
1201:Lesser short-nosed fruit bat (
954:Demonic tube-nosed fruit bat (
945:Malaita tube-nosed fruit bat (
927:Keast's tube-nosed fruit bat (
1:
3436:São Tomé collared fruit bat (
1666:Biak naked-backed fruit bat (
1014:Lesser tube-nosed fruit bat (
936:Island tube-nosed fruit bat (
918:Dragon tube-nosed fruit bat (
882:Common tube-nosed fruit bat (
337:accelerator mass spectrometry
3426:(Little collared fruit bats)
3186:Minor epauletted fruit bat (
2737:Philippine gray flying fox (
2334:Bismarck masked flying fox (
1395:Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat (
990:Umboi tube-nosed fruit bat (
735:10.1016/j.meegid.2016.02.009
3910:Mammals of Papua New Guinea
3454:Little collared fruit bat (
2112:(Straw-coloured fruit bats)
1921:New Caledonia blossom bat (
1329:Fischer's pygmy fruit bat (
413:and perhaps other species.
3956:
2791:New Caledonia flying fox (
2541:Black-bearded flying fox (
2230:Montane monkey-faced Bat (
2221:Greater monkey-faced Bat (
2131:Straw-coloured fruit bat (
1762:Sulawesi harpy fruit bat (
1404:White-collared fruit bat (
1386:Javan tailless fruit bat (
1296:Rickart's dyak fruit bat (
1138:Spotted-winged fruit bat (
1114:Mindanao pygmy fruit bat (
3940:Mammals described in 1830
3925:Fauna of the Cook Islands
3880:Mammals of American Samoa
3528:Short-palated fruit bat (
3090:
3076:
2876:
2862:
2638:Geelvink Bay flying fox (
2469:Livingstone's fruit bat (
2370:Large Samoan flying fox (
2298:Small Samoan flying fox (
2179:Small-toothed fruit bat (
2155:Fijian monkey-faced Bat (
2081:White-winged flying fox (
2005:
1991:
1971:Moss-forest blossom bat (
1871:Black-bellied fruit bat (
1862:Fardoulis's blossom bat (
1829:Long-tongued nectar bat (
1819:(Long-tongued fruit bats)
1805:
1791:
1582:
1568:
1484:Greater musky fruit bat (
1287:Brooks's dyak fruit bat (
1057:
1043:
891:Pallas's tube-nosed bat (
849:
835:
791:
783:Extant species of family
399:Insular flying foxes are
231:Insular flying fox range
230:
221:
203:
196:
98:Scientific classification
96:
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
3895:Mammals of New Caledonia
3491:D'Anchieta's fruit bat (
3002:Leschenault's rousette (
2647:Grey-headed flying fox (
2550:Black-eared flying fox (
2433:Ontong Java flying fox (
2325:Ashy-headed flying fox (
1902:(Long-tailed fruit bats)
1838:Long-tongued fruit bat (
1620:(Bare-backed fruit bats)
1493:Lesser musky fruit bat (
1169:Black-capped fruit bat (
981:Eastern tube-nosed Bat (
379:Distribution and habitat
3537:Campo-Ma’an fruit bat (
2746:Temminck's flying fox (
2719:Little red flying fox (
2701:Madagascan flying fox (
2451:Andersen's flying fox (
2415:Gilliard's flying fox (
2361:Spectacled flying fox (
1962:Halmahera blossom bat (
1912:Long-tailed fruit bat (
1353:Salim Ali's fruit bat (
1210:Horsfield's fruit bat (
963:Lesser tube-nosed bat (
863:(tube-nosed fruit bats)
3291:(Dwarf epauleted bats)
3113:(Epauleted fruit bats)
3047:Long-haired rousette (
3029:Bare-backed rousette (
2728:Seychelles fruit bat (
2692:Rodrigues flying fox (
2577:Mauritian flying fox (
2505:Big-eared flying fox (
2271:Admiralty flying fox (
2122:Madagascan fruit bat (
1880:Woodford's fruit bat (
1517:Blanford's fruit bat (
1191:(Dog-faced fruit bats)
1148:Balionycteris seimundi
341:
3056:Madagascan rousette (
2975:Geoffroy's rousette (
2940:(rousette fruit bats)
2918:Philippine dawn bat (
2764:Vanikoro flying fox (
2674:Solomons flying fox (
2559:Caroline flying fox (
2343:Moluccan flying fox (
2021:Sulawesi flying fox (
692:: e.T18764A22088495.
555:10.1353/psc.2006.0020
476:: e.T18764A22088495.
362:interfemoral membrane
3570:Zenker's fruit bat (
3236:Dobson's fruit bat (
2900:Greater nectar bat (
2755:Insular flying fox (
2683:Rennell flying fox (
2487:Okinawa flying fox (
2397:Nicobar flying fox (
2307:Vanuatu flying fox (
2280:Aldabra flying fox (
1953:Common blossom bat (
1598:Bulmer's fruit bat (
1377:Tailless fruit bat (
1219:Peters's fruit bat (
505:"Appendices | CITES"
360:. This bat lacks an
289:pe'a fanua, pe'a fai
287:(where it is called
3875:Fauna of Micronesia
3546:Pohle's fruit bat (
3395:Azagnyi fruit bat (
3269:Hammer-headed Bat (
3058:R. madagascariensis
2993:Egyptian rousette (
2984:Sulawesi rousette (
2773:Kosrae flying fox (
2629:Masked flying fox (
2604:Ornate flying fox (
2586:Temotu flying fox (
2532:Indian flying fox (
2523:Mariana fruit bat (
2514:Lesser flying fox (
2496:Lyle's flying fox (
2478:Lombok flying fox (
2379:Ryukyu flying fox (
2352:Makira flying fox (
2092:D. microleucopterus
2048:Palawan fruit bat (
2030:Talaud flying fox (
593:"Pteropus tonganus"
216:& Gaimard, 1830
51:Conservation status
35:Insular flying fox
3935:Mammals of Vanuatu
3371:Angolan rousette (
3011:Linduan Rousette (
2977:R. amplexicaudatus
2957:Manado fruit bat (
2809:Dwarf flying fox (
2800:Pemba flying fox (
2782:Large flying fox (
2710:Samoa flying fox (
2656:Bonin flying fox (
2620:Pelew flying fox (
2568:Great flying fox (
2442:Small flying fox (
2406:Banks flying fox (
2289:Black flying fox (
2057:Sunda flying fox (
1474:(Musky fruit bats)
1277:(Dayak fruit bats)
1228:Minute fruit bat (
1081:Borneo fruit bat (
1071:(Pygmy fruit bats)
433:Associated viruses
251:) is a species of
243:Pacific flying fox
239:insular flying fox
18:Insular flying-fox
3847:
3846:
3819:Open Tree of Life
3655:Pteropus_tonganus
3641:Pteropus tonganus
3611:Pteropus tonganus
3603:Taxon identifiers
3594:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3539:C. campomaanensis
3503:
3502:
3466:
3465:
3429:
3346:
3345:
3294:
3220:
3116:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3020:Comoro rousette (
2943:
2909:Cave nectar bat (
2893:
2890:(Dawn fruit bats)
2858:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2595:Ceram fruit bat (
2424:Gray flying fox (
2363:P. conspicillatus
2264:
2115:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1946:
1905:
1822:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1782:
1771:Harpy fruit bat (
1623:
1576:Harpyionycterinae
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1541:Swift fruit bat (
1477:
1452:Dusky fruit bat (
1430:O. cartilagonodus
1428:Luzon fruit bat (
1305:Dayak fruit bat (
1280:
1257:C. titthaecheilus
1194:
1171:C. melanocephalus
1090:Pygmy fruit bat (
1074:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
866:
678:Pteropus tonganus
601:Mammalian Species
532:Pteropus tonganus
462:Pteropus tonganus
325:Pteropus tonganus
248:Pteropus tonganus
235:
234:
207:Pteropus tonganus
91:
74:
16:(Redirected from
3947:
3930:Mammals of Tonga
3915:Mammals of Samoa
3840:
3839:
3827:
3826:
3814:
3813:
3801:
3800:
3788:
3787:
3775:
3774:
3762:
3761:
3749:
3748:
3736:
3735:
3723:
3722:
3710:
3709:
3697:
3696:
3684:
3683:
3671:
3670:
3658:
3657:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3598:
3514:
3477:
3438:M. brachycephala
3428:
3427:
3423:
3404:Woermann's bat (
3357:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3219:
3218:
3217:(Epauleted bats)
3214:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3101:
3092:
3078:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2878:
2864:
2730:P. seychellensis
2649:P. poliocephalus
2570:P. neohibernicus
2460:Kei flying fox (
2345:P. chrysoproctus
2316:Aru flying fox (
2273:P. admiralitatum
2263:
2262:
2258:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2007:
1993:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1923:N. neocaledonica
1904:
1903:
1899:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1807:
1793:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1584:
1570:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1045:
865:
864:
860:
851:
837:
777:
770:
763:
754:
747:
746:
717:
711:
710:
708:
706:
701:
671:
660:
659:
657:
655:
643:
637:
636:
634:
632:
626:
620:. Archived from
597:
588:
577:
576:
566:
538:
525:
519:
518:
516:
515:
501:
495:
494:
492:
490:
485:
455:
333:French Polynesia
281:Papua New Guinea
226:
209:
189:P. tonganus
106:
105:
85:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3885:Mammals of Fiji
3870:Bats of Oceania
3850:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3835:
3830:
3822:
3817:
3809:
3806:Observation.org
3804:
3796:
3791:
3783:
3778:
3770:
3765:
3757:
3752:
3744:
3739:
3731:
3726:
3718:
3713:
3705:
3700:
3692:
3687:
3679:
3674:
3666:
3661:
3653:
3648:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3605:
3595:
3578:
3554:
3499:
3462:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3412:
3379:
3342:
3318:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3277:
3253:
3229:E. buettikoferi
3216:
3215:
3213:
3203:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3086:
3064:
3004:R. leschenaulti
2939:
2938:
2936:
2926:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2872:
2850:
2817:
2766:P. tuberculatus
2588:P. nitendiensis
2471:P. livingstonii
2417:P. gilliardorum
2260:
2259:
2257:
2247:
2187:
2163:
2139:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2098:
2065:
2001:
1979:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1929:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1888:
1846:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1801:
1779:
1753:Harpyionycteris
1746:
1713:D. pannietensis
1619:
1618:
1616:
1606:
1578:
1556:
1525:
1501:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1460:
1436:
1412:
1361:
1337:
1313:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1263:
1239:C. nusatenggara
1190:
1189:
1187:
1177:
1153:
1122:
1116:A. paucidentata
1098:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1053:
1031:
998:
862:
861:
859:
845:
831:
787:
781:
751:
750:
719:
718:
714:
704:
702:
673:
672:
663:
653:
651:
645:
644:
640:
630:
628:
627:on 4 March 2016
624:
610:10.2307/3504121
595:
590:
589:
580:
542:Pacific Science
536:
527:
526:
522:
513:
511:
503:
502:
498:
488:
486:
457:
456:
449:
444:
435:
419:
410:Ceiba pentandra
393:
381:
346:
329:Austral Islands
313:
297:Solomon Islands
217:
211:
205:
192:
100:
92:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3953:
3951:
3943:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3905:Fauna of Palau
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3852:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3828:
3815:
3802:
3789:
3776:
3763:
3750:
3737:
3724:
3711:
3698:
3685:
3672:
3659:
3646:
3631:
3615:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3566:
3564:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3543:
3534:
3524:
3522:
3511:
3509:Scotonycterini
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3485:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3451:
3442:
3432:
3430:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3401:
3391:
3389:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3330:
3328:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3307:
3303:M. intermedius
3297:
3295:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3265:
3263:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3242:
3233:
3223:
3221:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3147:
3138:
3129:
3119:
3117:
3098:
3088:
3087:
3081:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3053:
3036:
3035:
3026:
3017:
3008:
2999:
2995:R. aegyptiacus
2990:
2981:
2964:
2963:
2946:
2944:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2874:
2873:
2867:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2839:
2835:S. mindorensis
2829:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2752:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2694:P. rodricensis
2689:
2680:
2671:
2662:
2653:
2644:
2635:
2626:
2617:
2610:
2601:
2592:
2583:
2574:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2543:P. melanopogon
2538:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2493:
2489:P. loochoensis
2484:
2480:P. lombocensis
2475:
2466:
2457:
2453:P. intermedius
2448:
2444:P. hypomelanus
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2336:P. capistratus
2331:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2282:P. aldabrensis
2277:
2267:
2265:
2261:(flying foxes)
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2128:
2118:
2116:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2087:
2083:D. leucopterus
2077:
2075:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2003:
2002:
1996:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1968:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1943:(blossom bats)
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1844:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1803:
1802:
1799:Macroglossinae
1796:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1704:D. moluccensis
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1580:
1579:
1573:
1566:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1490:
1480:
1478:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1401:
1392:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1302:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1221:C. luzoniensis
1216:
1212:C. horsfieldii
1207:
1197:
1195:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1110:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1055:
1054:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1020:
1010:
1008:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
987:
978:
969:
960:
951:
947:N. malaitensis
942:
933:
924:
915:
906:
897:
888:
879:
869:
867:
847:
846:
840:
833:
832:
830:
829:
823:
821:Laurasiatheria
817:
811:
805:
799:
792:
789:
788:
782:
780:
779:
772:
765:
757:
749:
748:
712:
661:
638:
578:
520:
496:
446:
445:
443:
440:
434:
431:
418:
415:
392:
389:
380:
377:
345:
342:
312:
309:
261:American Samoa
255:in the family
233:
232:
228:
227:
219:
218:
212:
201:
200:
194:
193:
186:
184:
180:
179:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
152:
148:
147:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
94:
93:
80:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
27:Species of bat
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3952:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3900:Fauna of Niue
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3890:Fauna of Guam
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3855:
3838:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3632:
3627:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3575:
3573:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3561:Scotonycteris
3557:
3551:
3549:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3496:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3469:
3459:
3457:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3386:Megaloglossus
3382:
3376:
3374:
3373:L. angolensis
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3362:Lissonycteris
3358:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3337:
3336:N. veldkampii
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3313:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3286:
3285:
3284:Micropteropus
3280:
3274:
3272:
3271:H. monstrosus
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3243:
3241:
3239:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3212:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3125:E. angolensis
3121:
3120:
3118:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3084:Epomophorinae
3079:
3075:
3061:
3059:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3042:Stenonycteris
3038:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3031:R. spinalatus
3027:
3025:
3023:
3022:R. obliviosus
3018:
3016:
3014:
3013:R. linduensis
3009:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2986:R. celebensis
2982:
2980:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2861:
2847:
2845:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2802:P. voeltzkowi
2798:
2796:
2794:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2748:P. temminckii
2744:
2742:
2740:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2721:P. scapulatus
2717:
2715:
2713:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2631:P. personatus
2627:
2625:
2623:
2622:P. pelewensis
2618:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2561:P. molossinus
2557:
2555:
2553:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2381:P. dasymallus
2377:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2256:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2023:A. celebensis
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1914:N. macdonaldi
1910:
1909:
1907:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1864:M. fardoulisi
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1790:
1776:
1774:
1773:H. whiteheadi
1769:
1767:
1765:
1764:H. celebensis
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1741:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1731:D. praedatrix
1727:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1567:
1553:
1552:
1551:T. suhaniahae
1548:
1546:
1544:
1543:T. nigrescens
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1433:
1431:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1409:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1320:Haplonycteris
1316:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1272:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1203:C. brachyotis
1199:
1198:
1196:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1129:Balionycteris
1125:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1042:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1005:Paranyctimene
1001:
995:
993:
988:
986:
984:
979:
977:
975:
970:
968:
966:
961:
959:
957:
952:
950:
948:
943:
941:
939:
934:
932:
930:
925:
923:
921:
920:N. draconilla
916:
914:
912:
907:
905:
903:
898:
896:
894:
893:N. cephalotes
889:
887:
885:
884:N. albiventer
880:
878:
876:
871:
870:
868:
858:
857:
852:
848:
844:
838:
834:
828:
824:
822:
818:
816:
812:
810:
806:
804:
800:
798:
794:
793:
790:
786:
778:
773:
771:
766:
764:
759:
758:
755:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
716:
713:
700:
695:
691:
687:
686:
681:
679:
670:
668:
666:
662:
649:
646:Ryan, Paddy.
642:
639:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:
594:
587:
585:
583:
579:
574:
570:
565:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:
535:
533:
524:
521:
510:
506:
500:
497:
484:
479:
475:
471:
470:
465:
463:
454:
452:
448:
441:
439:
432:
430:
428:
427:Least Concern
424:
416:
414:
412:
411:
406:
402:
397:
390:
388:
386:
378:
376:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
343:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
320:
318:
310:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
273:New Caledonia
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
249:
244:
240:
229:
225:
220:
215:
210:
208:
202:
199:
198:Binomial name
195:
191:
190:
185:
182:
181:
178:
177:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
156:
153:
150:
149:
146:
143:
140:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
126:
123:
120:
119:
116:
113:
110:
109:
104:
99:
95:
89:
83:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3610:
3571:
3559:
3547:
3538:
3529:
3519:Casinycteris
3517:
3493:P. anchietae
3492:
3480:
3455:
3446:
3437:
3417:
3406:M. woermanni
3405:
3396:
3384:
3372:
3360:
3352:Myonycterini
3335:
3325:Nanonycteris
3323:
3311:
3302:
3282:
3270:
3260:Hypsignathus
3258:
3247:E. franqueti
3246:
3237:
3228:
3208:
3197:E. wahlbergi
3196:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3160:
3152:E. gambianus
3151:
3143:E. crypturus
3142:
3133:
3124:
3104:
3096:Epomophorini
3057:
3048:
3039:
3030:
3021:
3012:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2967:
2958:
2949:
2931:
2919:
2910:
2901:
2881:
2843:
2834:
2824:Styloctenium
2822:
2811:P. woodfordi
2810:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2756:
2754:
2747:
2739:P. speciosus
2738:
2729:
2720:
2712:P. samoensis
2711:
2702:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2658:P. pselaphon
2657:
2648:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2614:P. pelagicus
2612:
2605:
2596:
2587:
2578:
2569:
2560:
2552:P. melanotus
2551:
2542:
2533:
2525:P. mariannus
2524:
2516:P. mahaganus
2515:
2506:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2452:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2309:P. anetianus
2308:
2300:P. allenorum
2299:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2252:
2240:
2231:
2223:P. flanneryi
2222:
2213:
2204:
2192:
2180:
2168:
2157:M. acrodonta
2156:
2144:
2132:
2124:E. dupreanum
2123:
2103:
2091:
2082:
2070:
2058:
2049:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2010:
1999:Pteropodinae
1972:
1964:S. carolinae
1963:
1955:S. australis
1954:
1936:Syconycteris
1934:
1922:
1913:
1893:
1882:M. woodfordi
1881:
1872:
1863:
1853:Melonycteris
1851:
1839:
1830:
1812:Macroglossus
1810:
1772:
1763:
1751:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1659:D. crenulata
1658:
1649:
1641:D. beauforti
1640:
1632:D. anderseni
1631:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1549:
1542:
1530:
1519:S. blanfordi
1518:
1506:
1494:
1485:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1379:M. ecaudatus
1378:
1366:
1355:L. salimalii
1354:
1342:
1330:
1318:
1307:D. spadiceus
1306:
1297:
1288:
1268:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1220:
1211:
1202:
1182:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1139:
1127:
1115:
1105:Alionycteris
1103:
1091:
1082:
1062:
1051:Cynopterinae
1024:
1015:
1003:
992:N. vizcaccia
991:
983:N. robinsoni
982:
973:
964:
955:
946:
937:
928:
919:
910:
901:
892:
883:
874:
854:
843:Nyctimeninae
819:Superorder:
813:Infraclass:
785:Pteropodidae
726:
722:
715:
703:. Retrieved
689:
683:
677:
652:. Retrieved
641:
629:. Retrieved
622:the original
599:
546:
540:
531:
523:
512:. Retrieved
508:
499:
487:. Retrieved
473:
467:
461:
436:
420:
408:
398:
394:
382:
374:
347:
324:
322:
314:
292:
288:
265:Cook Islands
257:Pteropodidae
247:
246:
242:
238:
236:
206:
204:
188:
187:
175:
165:Pteropodidae
29:
3715:iNaturalist
3635:Wikispecies
3548:C. ophiodon
3530:C. argynnis
3456:M. torquata
3419:Myonycteris
3312:M. pusillus
3170:E. labiatus
3106:Epomophorus
2870:Rousettinae
2844:S. wallacei
2784:P. vampyrus
2757:P. tonganus
2685:P. rennelli
2597:P. ocularis
2507:P. macrotis
2462:P. keyensis
2435:P. howensis
2408:P. fundatus
2399:P. faunulus
2354:P. cognatus
2327:P. caniceps
2318:P. aruensis
2072:Desmalopex
2059:A. mackloti
2050:A. leucotis
1873:M. melanops
1840:M. sobrinus
1650:D. chapmani
1600:A. bulmerae
1467:Ptenochirus
1419:Otopteropus
1406:M. wetmorei
1397:M. niphanae
1388:M. kusnotoi
1331:H. fischeri
1298:D. rickarti
1270:Dyacopterus
1140:B. maculata
1083:A. aequalis
911:N. cyclotis
729:: 279–292.
654:January 12,
631:January 12,
564:10125/22575
489:18 November
405:pollinators
344:Description
3854:Categories
3572:S. zenkeri
3447:M. relicta
3397:M. azagnyi
3238:E. dobsoni
3179:E. minimus
3161:E. grandis
3134:E. anselli
3082:Subfamily
3049:R. lanosus
2920:E. robusta
2911:E. spelaea
2883:Eonycteris
2868:Subfamily
2793:P. vetulus
2775:P. ualanus
2676:P. rayneri
2667:P. pumilus
2606:P. ornatus
2426:P. griseus
2390:P. ennisae
2232:P. pulchra
2194:Pteralopex
2041:A. jubatus
2032:A. humilis
1997:Subfamily
1895:Notopteris
1831:M. minimus
1797:Subfamily
1740:D. viridis
1722:D. peronii
1686:D. inermis
1677:D. exoleta
1574:Subfamily
1532:Thoopterus
1289:D. brooksi
1230:C. minutus
1184:Cynopterus
1049:Subfamily
965:N. minutus
956:N. masalai
902:N. certans
841:Subfamily
827:Chiroptera
549:(3): 403.
514:2022-01-14
442:References
401:frugivores
350:seal brown
253:flying fox
155:Chiroptera
84:Appendix I
3472:Plerotini
3040:Subgenus
2970:Rousettus
2968:Subgenus
2959:R. bidens
2950:Subgenus
2933:Rousettus
2640:P. pohlei
2534:P. medius
2291:P. alecto
2214:P. atrata
2205:P. anceps
2181:N. frosti
2170:Neopteryx
2133:E. helvum
1973:S. hobbit
1668:D. emersa
1589:Aproteles
1508:Sphaerias
1486:P. jagori
1454:P. lucasi
1443:Penthetor
1368:Megaerops
1248:C. sphinx
1092:A. alecto
1064:Aethalops
1016:P. raptor
974:N. rabori
929:N. keasti
856:Nyctimene
795:Kingdom:
509:cites.org
385:Polynesia
183:Species:
121:Kingdom:
115:Eukaryota
3865:Pteropus
3832:Species+
3785:13800376
3733:10764585
3626:Q1766941
3620:Wikidata
3482:Plerotes
3188:E. minor
2902:E. major
2703:P. rufus
2579:P. niger
2498:P. lylei
2254:Pteropus
2146:Mirimiri
2012:Acerodon
1695:D. minor
1613:Dobsonia
1495:P. minor
1344:Latidens
1160:Chironax
1025:P. tenax
938:N. major
875:N. aello
815:Eutheria
809:Mammalia
803:Chordata
801:Phylum:
797:Animalia
743:26873064
573:53691254
391:Behavior
366:forearms
176:Pteropus
161:Family:
145:Mammalia
135:Chordata
131:Phylum:
125:Animalia
111:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
3772:1004504
3707:5218673
3210:Epomops
2372:P. coxi
2241:P. taki
2105:Eidolon
825:Order:
807:Class:
705:30 July
618:3504121
311:History
305:Vanuatu
295:), the
293:taulaga
171:Genus:
151:Order:
141:Class:
86: (
69: (
3824:610860
3746:552468
3694:311955
3668:648661
2952:Boneia
741:
616:
571:
417:Status
364:; its
356:, and
317:Rurutu
303:, and
263:, the
3811:87035
3798:77217
3759:18764
3728:IRMNG
3720:40918
3681:4Q347
625:(PDF)
614:JSTOR
596:(PDF)
569:S2CID
537:(PDF)
370:tibia
358:tawny
301:Tonga
285:Samoa
88:CITES
82:CITES
3837:9577
3793:NCBI
3754:IUCN
3741:ITIS
3702:GBIF
3663:BOLD
739:PMID
707:2020
690:2020
656:2013
633:2013
491:2021
474:2020
423:IUCN
421:The
368:and
354:buff
291:and
277:Niue
269:Fiji
237:The
214:Quoy
3780:MSW
3767:MDD
3689:EoL
3676:CoL
3650:ADW
731:doi
694:doi
606:doi
559:hdl
551:doi
478:doi
407:of
241:or
3856::
3834::
3821::
3808::
3795::
3782::
3769::
3756::
3743::
3730::
3717::
3704::
3691::
3678::
3665::
3652::
3637::
3622::
3045::
2973::
2955::
737:.
727:39
725:.
688:.
682:.
664:^
612:.
598:.
581:^
567:.
557:.
547:60
545:.
539:.
507:.
472:.
466:.
450:^
331:,
307:.
299:,
283:,
279:,
275:,
271:,
267:,
3574:)
3550:)
3541:)
3532:)
3495:)
3458:)
3449:)
3440:)
3408:)
3399:)
3375:)
3338:)
3314:)
3305:)
3273:)
3249:)
3240:)
3231:)
3199:)
3190:)
3181:)
3172:)
3163:)
3154:)
3145:)
3136:)
3127:)
3060:)
3051:)
3033:)
3024:)
3015:)
3006:)
2997:)
2988:)
2979:)
2961:)
2922:)
2913:)
2904:)
2846:)
2837:)
2813:)
2804:)
2795:)
2786:)
2777:)
2768:)
2759:)
2750:)
2741:)
2732:)
2723:)
2714:)
2705:)
2696:)
2687:)
2678:)
2669:)
2660:)
2651:)
2642:)
2633:)
2624:)
2608:)
2599:)
2590:)
2581:)
2572:)
2563:)
2554:)
2545:)
2536:)
2527:)
2518:)
2509:)
2500:)
2491:)
2482:)
2473:)
2464:)
2455:)
2446:)
2437:)
2428:)
2419:)
2410:)
2401:)
2392:)
2383:)
2374:)
2365:)
2356:)
2347:)
2338:)
2329:)
2320:)
2311:)
2302:)
2293:)
2284:)
2275:)
2243:)
2234:)
2225:)
2216:)
2207:)
2183:)
2159:)
2135:)
2126:)
2094:)
2085:)
2061:)
2052:)
2043:)
2034:)
2025:)
1975:)
1966:)
1957:)
1925:)
1916:)
1884:)
1875:)
1866:)
1842:)
1833:)
1775:)
1766:)
1742:)
1733:)
1724:)
1715:)
1706:)
1697:)
1688:)
1679:)
1670:)
1661:)
1652:)
1643:)
1634:)
1602:)
1545:)
1521:)
1497:)
1488:)
1456:)
1432:)
1408:)
1399:)
1390:)
1381:)
1357:)
1333:)
1309:)
1300:)
1291:)
1259:)
1250:)
1241:)
1232:)
1223:)
1214:)
1205:)
1173:)
1142:)
1118:)
1094:)
1085:)
1027:)
1018:)
994:)
985:)
976:)
967:)
958:)
949:)
940:)
931:)
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913:)
904:)
895:)
886:)
877:)
776:e
769:t
762:v
745:.
733::
709:.
696::
680:"
676:"
658:.
635:.
608::
575:.
561::
553::
517:.
493:.
480::
464:"
460:"
245:(
90:)
73:)
20:)
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