181:
manufacturer codes, as the UCC has done until recently, means that each manufacturer can have up to 99,999 product codes.(9,999 for 3 digit GS1 prefix's) Many manufacturers do not have that many products, which means hundreds or even thousands of potential product codes are being wasted on manufacturers that only have a few products. Thus if a potential manufacturer knows that it is only going to produce a few products, EAN-13 may issue it a longer manufacturer code, leaving less space for the product code. This results in more efficient use of the available manufacturer and product codes.
152:
their own brands. Other retailers use at least part of this prefix for products which are packaged in store, for example, items weighed and served over a counter for a customer. In these cases, the barcode may encode a price, quantity or weight along with a product identifier – in a retailer defined way. The product identifier may be one assigned by the
Produce Electronic Identification Board (PEIB) or may be retailer assigned. Retailers who have historically used UPC barcodes tend to use GS1 prefixes starting with "02" for store-packaged products.
1558:
20:
949:
2461:
1010:(denoted with letter G) and one of which has odd parity (denoted with letter L). The first digit is not represented directly by a pattern of bars and spaces, but is encoded indirectly, by selecting a pattern of choices between these two encodings for the first group of 6 digits, according to the table below. All digits in the last group of 6 digits are encoded using a single pattern RRRRRR, the one also used for
2471:
1721:
Uniform
Grocery Product Code Council. His solution – the Universal Product Code – radically changed the retail world. Since then, he has enhanced the code by adding a 13th digit. Laurer retired from IBM in 1987. He holds some 25 patents and is a member of the university's A. James Clark School of Engineering Hall of Fame.
1623:) is a barcode standard compatible with the EAN. It is a subset of EAN. Use of the JAN standard began in 1978. Originally, JAN was issued a flag code (EAN's number system) of 49. In 1992, JAN was newly issued an additional flag code of 45. In January 2001 the manufacturer code changed to 7 digits (9 digits including the flag code) for new companies.
2169:
2153:
973:
965:
957:
151:
The 020-029 GS1 Prefixes are worth a special mention. GS1 defines this as being available for retailer internal use (or internal use by other types of business). Some retailers use this for proprietary (own brand or unbranded) products, although many retailers obtain their own manufacturer's code for
147:
The first three digits of the EAN-13 (GS1 Prefix) usually identify the GS1 Member
Organization which the manufacturer has joined (not necessarily where the product is actually made). Note that EAN-13 codes beginning with 0 are actually 12-digit UPC codes with prepended 0 digit. In recent years, more
180:
The manufacturer code is a unique code assigned to each manufacturer by the numbering authority indicated by the GS1 Prefix. All products produced by a given company will use the same manufacturer code. EAN-13 uses what are called "variable-length manufacturer codes". Assigning fixed-length 5-digit
1607:
These scanners also leverage the symmetrical structure of EAN-13, allowing decoding from either direction. Error detection algorithms, like the Luhn algorithm, commonly used in checksum calculations, verify the integrity of the data scanned. If errors are detected, the scanner can either alert the
1212:
This encoding guarantees that the first group always starts with an L-code, which has odd parity, and that the second group always starts with an R-code, which has even parity. Thus, it does not matter whether the barcode is scanned from the left or from the right, as the scanning software can use
1720:
After graduating from
Maryland in 1951, George Laurer joined IBM as a junior engineer and worked up the ranks to senior engineer. In 1969, he returned to the technical side of engineering and was later assigned the monumental task of designing a code and symbol for product identification for the
206:
The check digit is an additional digit, used to verify that a barcode has been scanned correctly. It is computed modulo 10, where the weights in the checksum calculation alternate 3 and 1. In particular, since the weights are relatively prime to 10, the EAN-13 system will detect all single digit
184:
In ISBN and ISSN, this component is used to identify the language in which the publication was issued and managed by a transnational agency covering several countries, or to identify the country where the legal deposits are made by a publisher registered with a national agency, and it is further
215:
The checksum is calculated as sum of products – taking an alternating weight value (3 or 1) times the value of each data digit. The checksum digit is the digit which must be added to this checksum to get a number divisible by 10 (i.e. the additive inverse of the checksum, modulo 10). See
23:
GTIN-13 number encoded in EAN-13 barcode. The first digit is always placed outside the symbol; additionally a right ">" indicator is used to indicate a "Quiet Zone" that is necessary for barcode scanners to work properly. Presented GS1 code (590) is assigned to
197:
In ISBN, ISMN and ISSN, it uniquely identifies the publication from the same publisher; it should be used and allocated by the registered publisher in order to avoid creating gaps; however it happens that a registered book or serial never gets published and sold.
1497:
A run of one or more black areas is known as a "bar", and a run of one or more white areas is known as a "space". As can be seen in the table, each digit's encoding comprises two bars and two spaces, and the maximum width of a bar or space is four areas.
1005:
To encode the 13-digit EAN-13 number, the digits are split into 3 groups; the first digit, the first group of 6 and the last group of 6. The first group of 6 is encoded using a pattern whereby each digit has two possible encodings, one of which has even
1507:
193:
The product code is assigned by the manufacturer. The product code immediately follows manufacturer code. The total length of manufacturer code plus product code should be 9 or 10 digits depending on the length of country code (2–3 digits).
155:
The EAN "country code" 978 (and later 979) has been allocated since the 1980s to reserve a Unique
Country Code (UCC) prefix for EAN identifiers of published books, regardless of country of origin, so that the EAN space can catalog books by
87:(indicating country of registration or special type of product). A prefix with a first digit of "0" indicates a 12-digit UPC-A code follows. A prefix with first two digits of "45" or "49" indicates a Japanese Article Number (JAN) follows.
106:
are supplemental barcodes, placed on the right-hand side of EAN-13 or UPC. These are generally used in periodicals, like magazines and books, to indicate the current year's issue number and in weighed products like food, to indicate the
1597:
68:, but can also be used as numbers for other purposes such as wholesale ordering or accounting. These barcodes only represent the digits 0–9, unlike some other barcode symbologies which can represent additional characters.
246:
Numbering the positions from the right (code aligned to the right), the odd data digits are always weight of 3 and the even data digits are always weight of 1, regardless of the length of the code.
1779:
1494:) of the respective entries in the L-column. Entries in the G-column are the entries in the R-column in reverse bit order. See pictures of all codes against a colored background.
48:
and numbering system used in global trade to identify a specific retail product type, in a specific packaging configuration, from a specific manufacturer. The standard has been
980:
The barcode consists of 95 areas (also called modules) of equal width. Each area can be either white (represented here as 0) or black (represented as 1). From left to right:
232:
The weight at a specific position in the EAN code is alternating (3 or 1) in a way, that the final data digit has a weight of 3 (and thus the check digit has a weight of 1).
1830:
1661:
1541:
1666:
1588:
By utilizing the barcode's center marker, a scanner can decode an
International Article Number (EAN) by scanning one half of the barcode at a time through a
940:
The GTIN numbers, encoded to UPC-A, EAN-8 and EAN-13, all use similar encoding. The encoded data is usually repeated in plain text below the barcode.
148:
products sold by retailers outside the United States and Canada have been using EAN-13 codes beginning with 0, since they were generated by GS1-US.
108:
2227:
1806:
1527:
A digit is encoded in seven areas, by two black bars and two white spaces. Each black bar or white space can have a width between 1 and 4 areas.
1775:
1600:, play a crucial role by identifying and correcting scanning errors, ensuring accurate decoding. Additionally, modern scanners often employ
1902:
1754:
2030:
1696:
923:
The nearest multiple of 10 that is equal to or higher than the checksum, is 70. Subtract them: 70 - 63 = 7, which is the check digit
751:
The nearest multiple of 10 that is equal to or higher than the checksum, is 90. Subtract them: 90 - 89 = 1, which is the check digit
1978:
185:
subdivided any allocating subblocks for publishers; many countries have several prefixes allocated in the ISSN and ISBN registries.
1533:
The first digit in the EAN code: the combination of parities of the digits in the left group indirectly encodes the first digit 4.
1927:
2405:
1850:
240:
207:
errors. It also recognizes 90% of transposition errors (all cases, where the difference between adjacent digits is not 5).
987:
42 areas (seven per digit) to encode digits 2–7, and to encode digit 1 indirectly, as described in the following section
2505:
2363:
1871:
1656:
64:
and can be encoded in other barcode symbologies, defined by GS1. EAN barcodes are used worldwide for lookup at retail
2202:
2318:
142:
84:
2222:
236:
53:
1017:
If the first digit is zero, all digits in the first group of 6 are encoded using the pattern LLLLLL used for
2426:
2333:
1608:
user or attempt correction, improving the reliability of scanning in dynamic or less-than-ideal conditions.
1540:
2510:
2160:
2138:
2023:
1986:
1704:
1018:
1011:
221:
76:
1973:
1651:
1601:
1802:
2500:
2436:
2269:
2474:
2431:
2197:
2098:
1592:
at a 45-degree angle. This method reconstructs the full code from partial scans, useful when the
1530:
Parity for the digits from left and right group: OEOOEE EEEEEE (O = Odd parity, E = Even parity).
1733:
2495:
2464:
2093:
2016:
1899:
1824:
538:
is the unknown check digit, (Stabilo Point 88 Art. No. 88/57), the check digit calculation is:
45:
1750:
160:
rather than maintaining a redundant parallel numbering system. This is informally known as "
80:
1708:
96:
barcode was introduced for use on small packages, where EAN-13 would be too large. 2-digit
2384:
2379:
1990:
1906:
1510:
EAN-13 barcode. A green bar indicates the black bars and white spaces that encode a digit.
2441:
2389:
2323:
1021:; therefore, a UPC barcode is also an EAN-13 barcode with the first digit set to zero.
1923:
1557:
2489:
2108:
65:
19:
2298:
2128:
1589:
948:
1996:
EAN-Search, subscription based barcode database with API, over 275 million entries
1844:
2283:
2253:
2248:
2113:
2088:
1506:
2278:
2123:
2118:
1642:
1007:
249:
Weights for 18-digit SSCC code and GTINs (GTIN-8, GTIN-12, GTIN-13, GTIN-14):
2243:
1879:
49:
2347:
2342:
2308:
2303:
2287:
2176:
2073:
1491:
161:
1956:
1524:
6 digits in the right group (the last digit is the check digit): 155486.
2313:
2293:
2212:
2207:
2133:
2078:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2039:
1593:
2446:
2410:
2258:
2217:
2103:
1490:: Entries in the R-column are bitwise complements (logical operator:
523:
25:
2168:
1968:
1647:
1638:
1632:
1539:
1505:
971:
963:
955:
947:
765:
102:
92:
18:
2188:
2152:
1963:
1959:
1951:
1776:"European Article Number: Was das ist und wie man sie beantragt"
1676:
972:
964:
956:
217:
169:
165:
157:
2012:
1995:
1983:
1670:
1604:, enhancing their ability to read barcodes at various angles.
1552:
1216:
EAN-8 barcodes encode all digits directly, using this scheme:
57:
1818:
The first three digits of the EAN-13 serve as the GS1 Prefix
1596:
is obscured or damaged. Error detection algorithms, such as
2008:
2000:
780:
is the unknown check digit, the check digit calculation is:
71:
The most commonly used EAN standard is the thirteen-digit
119:
The 13-digit EAN-13 number consists of four components:
1569:
1213:
this parity to identify the start and end of the code.
60:
organization; the same numbers can be referred to as
1979:
Global
Electronic Party Information Registry (GEPIR)
220:
for a more extensive description and algorithm. The
2419:
2398:
2372:
2356:
2332:
2267:
2236:
2187:
2046:
1537:The complete EAN-13 code is thus: 4 003994 155486.
936:Binary encoding of data digits into EAN-13 barcode
164:". The prefix 979 with first digit 0 is used for
993:42 areas (seven per digit) to encode digits 8–13
1662:European Article Numbering-Uniform Code Council
2024:
1669:(GEPIR) a searchable distributed database of
8:
1984:upcdatabase, another online barcode database
1667:Global Electronic Party Information Register
16:Standard barcode system used in global trade
2364:High Capacity Color Barcode (Microsoft Tag)
1829:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2031:
2017:
2009:
1701:University of Maryland Alumni Association
1518:C2: Marker for the center of the barcode.
1245:
1218:
1023:
787:
545:
459:
370:
251:
1688:
1924:"Bar Code Guide – Barcode Types – JAN"
1822:
83:. An EAN-13 number includes a 3-digit
79:(UPC-A) standard developed in 1970 by
75:, a superset of the original 12-digit
1974:Implementing the EAN-13 barcode in C#
1782:from the original on 17 December 2019
990:5 areas for the center marker (01010)
241:Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC)
109:manufacturer's suggested retail price
7:
2470:
1969:An example of EAN8/13 implementation
1745:
1743:
170:International Standard Serial Number
168:(ISMN) and the prefix 977 indicates
1544:Scanning part of an EAN-13 barcode.
1521:6 digits in the left group: 003994.
166:International Standard Music Number
126:Manufacturer code – variable length
984:3 areas for the start marker (101)
14:
1641:, a supplement for the suggested
2469:
2460:
2459:
2167:
2151:
1778:(in German). 30 September 2019.
1556:
996:3 areas for the end marker (101)
1930:from the original on 2013-01-27
1853:from the original on 2014-12-28
1809:from the original on 2021-06-27
1757:from the original on 2013-01-02
237:Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
218:ISBN-13 check digit calculation
90:The less commonly used 8-digit
1650:, a supplement to indicate an
129:Product code – variable length
1:
1803:"EAN 13 – The Barcode Number"
1697:"Alumni Hall of Fame Members"
211:Calculation of checksum digit
44:) is a standard describing a
2054:Automatic Car Identification
222:Global Location Number (GLN)
34:International Article Number
1657:Electronic Data Interchange
590:first 12 digits of barcode
224:also uses the same method.
2529:
2203:Facing Identification Mark
1952:Código de barras Argentina
817:first 7 digits of barcode
243:codes meet the next rule:
140:
2455:
2145:
1515:C1, C3: Start/end marker.
368:Weights for EAN-13 code:
143:List of GS1 country codes
2223:Intelligent Mail barcode
1801:GS1 India (2021-06-07).
1734:"Barcodes for Magazines"
1602:omnidirectional scanning
457:Weights for EAN-8 code:
54:Global Trade Item Number
2427:Supply chain management
2084:European Article Number
1617:Japanese Article Number
1612:Japanese Article Number
1247:Encoding of the digits
1228:Last group of 4 digits
1225:First group of 4 digits
1036:Last group of 6 digits
1033:First group of 6 digits
38:European Article Number
1900:Check Digit Calculator
1707:. 2005. Archived from
1705:University of Maryland
1635:, another EAN standard
1545:
1511:
1502:EAN-13 barcode example
1001:Encoding of the digits
977:
969:
961:
953:
123:GS1 prefix – 3 digits
77:Universal Product Code
29:
2237:2D barcodes (stacked)
2001:Official JAN homepage
1876:www.barcodeisland.com
1598:checksum verification
1543:
1509:
975:
967:
959:
951:
141:Further information:
22:
2373:Technological issues
1751:"Barcodes for Books"
1025:Structure of EAN-13
526:barcode 400638133393
517:Calculation examples
2432:Object hyperlinking
1248:
1221:
1220:Structure of EAN-8
1026:
2506:Unique identifiers
2198:CPC Binary Barcode
2099:Interleaved 2 of 5
1989:2020-11-09 at the
1905:2016-11-21 at the
1872:"EAN-13 Symbology"
1568:. You can help by
1546:
1512:
1246:
1219:
1024:
978:
970:
962:
954:
56:standard from the
30:
2483:
2482:
2182:
2181:
2094:Industrial 2 of 5
1586:
1585:
1485:
1484:
1244:
1243:
1210:
1209:
976:Encoding R-digits
968:Encoding G-digits
960:Encoding L-digits
944:Barcode structure
914:
913:
742:
741:
514:
513:
455:
454:
366:
365:
228:Position – weight
176:Manufacturer code
46:barcode symbology
2518:
2473:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2334:Polar coordinate
2171:
2155:
2148:
2147:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2010:
2005:
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1914:
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1878:. Archived from
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81:George J. Laurer
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2399:Other data tags
2394:
2385:Barcode printer
2380:Barcode library
2368:
2352:
2328:
2263:
2232:
2183:
2143:
2047:Linear barcodes
2042:
2037:
2003:
1991:Wayback Machine
1948:
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1907:Wayback Machine
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1566:needs expansion
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1003:
952:Encoding EAN-13
946:
938:
929:of the barcode.
768:barcode 7351353
757:of the barcode.
519:
230:
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191:
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117:
36:(also known as
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1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1002:
999:
998:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
945:
942:
937:
934:
933:
932:
931:
930:
918:
917:
916:
915:
912:
911:
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
892:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
866:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
840:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
782:
781:
761:
760:
759:
758:
746:
745:
744:
743:
740:
739:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
669:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
628:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
540:
539:
518:
515:
512:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
486:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
453:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
412:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
364:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
308:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
229:
226:
212:
209:
203:
200:
190:
187:
177:
174:
138:
135:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
116:
113:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2524:
2523:
2512:
2511:GS1 standards
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2476:
2468:
2466:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2268:2D barcodes (
2266:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2149:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2109:Matrix 2 of 5
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2004:(in Japanese)
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1893:
1882:on 2016-01-14
1881:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1840:
1837:
1832:
1826:
1819:
1808:
1804:
1797:
1794:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1711:on 2007-06-23
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1580:
1571:
1567:
1564:This section
1562:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1508:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1000:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
982:
981:
974:
966:
958:
950:
943:
941:
935:
928:
927:
922:
921:
920:
919:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
894:
893:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
867:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
815:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
789:
786:
785:
784:
783:
779:
778:
773:
772:
767:
763:
762:
756:
755:
750:
749:
748:
747:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
629:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
547:
544:
543:
542:
541:
537:
536:
531:
530:
525:
521:
520:
516:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
487:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
461:
458:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
413:
409:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
372:
369:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
309:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
257:
254:
253:
250:
247:
244:
242:
238:
233:
227:
225:
223:
219:
210:
208:
201:
199:
195:
188:
186:
182:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
153:
149:
144:
136:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
120:
114:
112:
110:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
69:
67:
66:point of sale
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
27:
21:
2299:Han Xin code
2083:
1932:. Retrieved
1918:
1910:
1895:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1875:
1866:
1855:, retrieved
1845:
1839:
1817:
1811:. Retrieved
1796:
1784:. Retrieved
1770:
1759:. Retrieved
1728:
1719:
1713:. Retrieved
1709:the original
1700:
1691:
1652:issue number
1620:
1616:
1615:
1606:
1590:helical scan
1587:
1577:January 2019
1574:
1570:adding to it
1565:
1536:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1215:
1211:
1016:
1004:
979:
939:
925:
924:
869:partial sum
776:
775:
770:
769:
753:
752:
672:partial sum
534:
533:
528:
527:
456:
367:
248:
245:
234:
231:
214:
205:
196:
192:
189:Product code
183:
179:
154:
150:
146:
118:
101:
100:and 5-digit
97:
91:
89:
72:
70:
61:
41:
37:
33:
31:
2501:Identifiers
2284:Data Matrix
2254:MicroPDF417
2249:GS1 DataBar
2189:Post office
2114:MSI Barcode
2089:GS1 DataBar
1962:modules at
1846:Prefix List
1786:17 December
1030:First digit
202:Check digit
132:Check digit
115:Composition
2490:Categories
2279:Aztec Code
2124:Pharmacode
2119:Patch Code
1934:2016-05-02
1886:2016-05-01
1857:2010-09-25
1813:2021-06-27
1761:2012-12-20
1715:2009-06-10
1683:References
1643:list price
137:GS1 prefix
85:GS1 prefix
2319:rMQR Code
2244:Codablock
895:checksum
791:position
713:checksum
549:position
463:position
374:position
255:position
2496:Barcodes
2465:Category
2348:ShotCode
2343:MaxiCode
2336:barcodes
2309:MaxiCode
2304:JAB Code
2288:Semacode
2191:barcodes
2177:MaxiCode
2074:Code 128
2040:Barcodes
1987:Archived
1928:Archived
1903:Archived
1851:archived
1825:cite web
1807:Archived
1780:Archived
1755:Archived
1627:See also
1549:Decoding
1492:negation
774:, where
532:, where
172:(ISSN).
162:Bookland
50:subsumed
2475:Commons
2314:QR code
2294:DotCode
2213:POSTNET
2208:PostBar
2134:Telepen
2129:Plessey
2079:Codabar
2069:Code 93
2064:Code 39
2059:Code 11
1957:Barcode
1849:, GS1,
1594:barcode
1480:1110100
1475:0010111
1470:0001011
1458:1001000
1453:0001001
1448:0110111
1436:1000100
1431:0010001
1426:0111011
1414:1010000
1409:0000101
1404:0101111
1392:1001110
1387:0111001
1382:0110001
1370:1011100
1365:0011101
1360:0100011
1348:1000010
1343:0100001
1338:0111101
1326:1101100
1321:0011011
1316:0010011
1304:1100110
1299:0110011
1294:0011001
1282:1110010
1277:0100111
1272:0001101
1261:R-code
843:weight
631:weight
489:weight
415:weight
311:weight
52:in the
2447:CueCat
2437:Matrix
2411:Bokode
2324:Boxing
2270:matrix
2259:PDF417
2228:PLANET
2218:RM4SCC
2104:ITF-14
1703:. The
1258:G-code
1255:L-code
1205:RRRRRR
1200:LGGLGL
1188:RRRRRR
1183:LGLGGL
1171:RRRRRR
1166:LGLGLG
1154:RRRRRR
1149:LGGGLL
1137:RRRRRR
1132:LGGLLG
1120:RRRRRR
1115:LGLLGG
1103:RRRRRR
1098:LLGGGL
1086:RRRRRR
1081:LLGGLG
1069:RRRRRR
1064:LLGLGG
1052:RRRRRR
1047:LLLLLL
1008:parity
524:EAN-13
73:EAN-13
26:Poland
2357:Other
2161:UPC-A
1909:, at
1673:GTINs
1648:EAN-2
1639:EAN-5
1633:EAN-8
1252:Digit
766:EAN-8
158:ISBNs
103:EAN-5
98:EAN-2
93:EAN-8
62:GTINs
2406:RFID
1964:CPAN
1960:Perl
1831:link
1788:2019
1677:GTIN
1488:Note
1239:RRRR
1234:LLLL
764:For
522:For
239:and
235:All
32:The
2139:UPC
1913:US.
1911:GS1
1671:GS1
1621:JAN
1572:.
1019:UPC
1012:UPC
910:63
738:89
58:GS1
42:EAN
40:or
2492::
1926:.
1874:.
1827:}}
1823:{{
1816:.
1805:.
1753:.
1742:^
1718:.
1699:.
1014:.
890:9
878:15
872:21
864:3
838:3
812:1
708:9
690:24
684:18
667:3
626:3
585:1
558:10
555:11
552:12
510:3
484:1
451:3
410:1
383:10
380:11
377:12
362:3
306:1
279:10
276:11
273:12
270:13
267:14
264:15
261:16
258:17
111:.
2290:)
2286:(
2272:)
2032:e
2025:t
2018:v
1937:.
1889:.
1861:.
1833:)
1790:.
1764:.
1736:.
1619:(
1579:)
1575:(
1465:9
1443:8
1421:7
1399:6
1377:5
1355:4
1333:3
1311:2
1289:1
1267:0
1195:9
1178:8
1161:7
1144:6
1127:5
1110:4
1093:3
1076:2
1059:1
1042:0
926:x
887:5
884:9
881:1
875:3
861:1
858:3
855:1
852:3
849:1
846:3
835:5
832:3
829:1
826:5
823:3
820:7
809:2
806:3
803:4
800:5
797:6
794:7
777:x
771:x
754:x
705:9
702:9
699:3
696:9
693:1
687:3
681:0
678:0
675:4
664:1
661:3
658:1
655:3
652:1
649:3
646:1
643:3
640:1
637:3
634:1
623:9
620:3
617:3
614:3
611:1
608:8
605:3
602:6
599:0
596:0
593:4
582:2
579:3
576:4
573:5
570:6
567:7
564:8
561:9
535:x
529:x
507:1
504:3
501:1
498:3
495:1
492:3
481:2
478:3
475:4
472:5
469:6
466:7
448:1
445:3
442:1
439:3
436:1
433:3
430:1
427:3
424:1
421:3
418:1
407:2
404:3
401:4
398:5
395:6
392:7
389:8
386:9
359:1
356:3
353:1
350:3
347:1
344:3
341:1
338:3
335:1
332:3
329:1
326:3
323:1
320:3
317:1
314:3
303:2
300:3
297:4
294:5
291:6
288:7
285:8
282:9
28:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
