Knowledge (XXG)

International Ballet

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orchestra. It grew to be a very large company, bringing ballet to the masses in city theatres, cinemas, seaside holiday camps and military camps across Britain. The company continued to make extensive UK tours followed by 6 or 8-week London seasons on Shaftesbury Avenue. Because of their large audiences they generated substantial income which supported their innovations and overseas tours. As time went on more even ambitious ballets were added to the repertoire and the company was enlarged, reaching 80 in number. The company`s main scenic artist and costume designer was
170:. On the outbreak of war she had volunteered to drive an ambulance, but she soon decided her talents would be better used taking ballet to audiences in the bomb damaged cities of Britain. With a £5,000 loan from her father she formed the company Choreographic Productions Ltd, to perform under the name of International Ballet. It had a Council of Management chaired by Baroness Ravensdale, and as a "cultural organisation not operated for profit" it was exempt from entertainment tax. Inglesby engaged dancers, a small orchestra and the experienced retired dancer 407:, a 2,000-year-old Roman amphitheatre in northern Italy. Open to the sky, the audience of up to 30,000 sat on cushions on the stone tiers and on rows of seats on the arena floor where originally the gladiators battled and the lions ate the Christians. Some dressing rooms were in the lions' dens and some in the Christians' prison cells underneath the tiered stone seating. Performances started very late, after it got dark, but ballet nights alternated with opera nights so the artistes had a day to recover. 324: 126:, who was also its principal ballerina. Although it was Britain's largest ballet company during the war years, and performed to an audience of between one and two million in wartime Britain and between ten and twenty million in its twelve-year life, its contribution to the growth of British ballet has been largely overshadowed by that of the other four ballet companies that were operating in 1953. All are state subsidised, and are still operating: 491:
had its two other resident companies with full programs (Sadler’s Wells Theatre Ballet and Ballet Rambert) and the short lived Metropolitan Ballet, and three companies visited London from overseas (Ballets de Champs Elysees, Marquis de Cuevas’ Ballet and Roland Petit’s Ballet). International Ballet did one short eight week London season with a repertoire of ten ballets, none of them new. Naturally London critics found this disappointing.
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decided to present their ballets without them. Special lighting had to be devised, and new sets designed to complement the unusual lighting. The varied programme included the two Massine ballets and the Russian classical ballets, but they had to be adapted somewhat to suit the new stage arrangement. This novel presentation of ballet attracted criticism from some quarters, but all performances of the long summer season were sold out.
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the choreography and style of the Imperial Russian Ballet. Sergeyev respected her efforts so much that he left Sadler's Wells to join her full-time as ballet master, staying with her until he died in 1951. International Ballet became known as the vessel for classical productions in the grand Imperial Russian style.
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On the other hand, nation-wide critics across the country were almost without exception enthusiastic, about the productions and the artistic quality of the dancing. The repertoire, large for a touring company though small by London standards, was ample when visiting a town for a week or a fortnight,
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on the South Bank, London, and International Ballet was the only company invited to present a programme of ballet for its inaugural season. The Festival Hall is principally a concert hall and has no proscenium arch or stage curtains. Temporary ones could have been erected, but International Ballet
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Ballet Annual printed a review of each of the company's London seasons in the next issue. A short description of the company together with a list of its productions to 1947 appeared in Ballet Annual 1948. A fuller description of the company under the heading "The Inglesby Legend" is in Ballet Annual
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In 1941 International Ballet had official approval, in that a number of its male dancers were exempted from military service. They were considered to be doing their part for the war effort by helping to keep civilian morale high. By 1953 "official" opinion had changed, and International Ballet was
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in London and stage the first English productions of the Russian classical ballets. However, during the war International Ballet was the only company with the resources to stage full productions of these ballets, and Inglesby determined to put on productions exactly as Sergeyev dictated, reproducing
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This programme from the King's Theatre, Hammersmith for November 1943 is typical of a fortnight on tour. 16 performances, each of 2 or 3 ballets selected from a repertoire of 8, with only the three heavily over-worked principal dancers. This rate of working went on throughout the war, and February
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The response of professional ballet critics was predictable and unsurprising. London critics were on the whole disparaging, with some notable exceptions. In the 1948–9 season for instance the Sadler’s Wells company at Covent Garden performed 22 ballets, four of them new productions. London also
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After this successful beginning the company embarked on a punishing schedule of two national tours per year, with 1 week or 2 week bookings at each venue and 3 matinees and 5 evening performances per week. Each tour was followed by a West End season of 6 or 8 weeks. Performances always had a full
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The expanded company had become very expensive to run, and whilst the European tours had played to full houses, audiences on the UK tours were now dwindling. This was general in the theatre and film world in the mid 50s, and was due at least in part to the rapid spread of television. Britain now
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by a 'schools day'. 1600 youngsters sat in on a practice session, parts of a rehearsal, and part of the third act in full costume. International Ballet's memories of Hanley will have been happier than those of their competitor. During the Sadler's Wells visit in June 1949 the theatre burnt down
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International Ballet is probably unique amongst large ballet companies in that it paid its way without any private or state grant aid. Staging ballet has always been expensive, and Arts Council funding for the year 2013-2014 for those other three companies was Rambert £2M, English National Ballet
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When Edwin Derrington, Inglesby's husband, joined the company as Administrator in 1946 he instituted an educational programme. Special schools matinees were given, preceded by talks about the ballet and behind-the-scenes tours. Derrington also lectured to Rotary and W.I. and other local groups.
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In 1943 the company opened the International School of Ballet in Queensberry Mews, South Kensington. It was under the direction of Sergeyev himself, because he no longer went on the tours (he was then 67). A small number of scholarships were made available to male dancers too young for military
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Calculated from the published figures of 20,000 for one week in Stockton in 1942/3, 1,000 performances between May 41 and Feb 45, 36,000 for one week in Kilburn in 1947, 2,000,000 per year from 1947, long summer season at the RFH (2,500 seats) sold out, 42,000 for 9 performances in Zurich 1951,
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in Kilburn, seated 4,004, and when the company played there for a week they played to full houses. The conventional theatres were still used however (e.g.), and Kay Hunter's book lists 48 provincial and 11 West End theatres where the company appeared during its 12 years of operation.
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The company was invited to do another season the following year but could not accept because of prior commitments overseas. However it had shown that ballet could be successful staged this way, and some time later the Festival Ballet made the Royal Festival Hall their London base.
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The company did one more UK tour after Barcelona, but gave its last performance on 5 December 1953. The artists dispersed to find other posts where they could and Mona Inglesby went into retirement. Ballet Annual published an "obituary" to the company in its 1955 edition.
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The first date given for each ballet is the date International Ballet first staged it. The ballet would have been in preparation for some time before that. The second is the date of the last performance that has been discovered in old theatre programmes.
261:, variously called Act 2 or Act 1 Scene 2, is from a theatre programme of the second tour of 1943. The corps de ballet has only 12 members because of the small size of some of the stages used on tours. Large theatre stages will accommodate 24 or even 32. 379:
The last three chapters of Inglesby and Hunter's book are devoted to the European tours and contain a wealth of anecdotal detail as well as the information given here. The company launched itself onto mainland Europe in 1951 with a short season at the
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With home theatres in London, neither Sadler's Wells nor Ballet Rambert toured as extensively as International Ballet, and during the war no company could visit Britain from abroad. International Ballet was the only company many towns saw.
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WorldCat lists some 30 articles about International Ballet and its productions which appeared in the magazines Dance News, Dance Magazine, The Dancing Times, Ballet Today, Dance and Dancers and The Ballet Annual in the 40s and early 50s.
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Kay Hunter's book contains many extracts from these critics' reports. One from Nottingham after the company's fourth tour went " ....there is enough talent among the dancers to form the backbone of at least half a dozen companies....
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on 19 May 1941 with 22 artistes and a full orchestra, consisting of a permanent nucleus of 15 augmented by local musicians. The soloists were Inglesby herself, the experienced ballerina Nina Tarakanova and the virtuoso star
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and from December 1946 onwards several of the Rank Organisation cinemas were included in the tours. These had huge seating capacities and when they were built they had been equipped with large stages. The largest, the
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In 2012 a plaque was put up inside the artists’ entrance of the Royal Festival Hall commemorating the achievements of International Ballet and its founder and Director, Mona Inglesby.
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To pay for the post-war expansion of the company and the large and expensive new productions International Ballet had to find larger audiences. The summer tour of 1947 took in three
2107: 1490:, though written in 1947 as a short biography, contains interesting information about the formation and early years of the company and some good photographs of early productions. 265:
call-up who would otherwise need to earn a living. Many graduates of the school went on to join the company, which continually needed fresh talent as it increased its numbers.
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Kay Hunter's book lists 213 artistes who appeared with International Ballet at some time in its 12-year life. Those who were not dancers were actors for the productions of
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As of 2014 there is no official history of International Ballet, but these two books contain much information. Details of both are in the list of references above.
2527: 2532: 2133: 195:. The repertoire contained 8 one-act ballets, listed below. The tour was followed by an 8-week season at the Lyric Theatre, Shaftesbury Avenue, London. 1896: 1769: 1377:
After Idzikowski left the company the term "ballet master" was no longer used on programmes, but the following performed the duties of ballet master:-
384:, an indoor stadium in Zurich. A total audience of 42,000 attended the nine performances which more than paid for the considerable expense involved. 2313: 1959: 1347:
was coined for the first time by Ninette de Valois for the Sadler's Wells revival of 1946. Prior to that the ballet was universally called
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Just one of those theatres was the recently rebuilt Theatre Royal in Hanley., where in November 1952 the company preceded a performance of
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Eliot, Karen. "Starved for Beauty: British Ballet and Public Morale During the Second World War." Dance Chronicle 31.2 (2008): 175-210.
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was a British ballet company that operated, with great success, between 1941 and 1953. Its director throughout its existence was
466:. Festival Ballet had more star power, and International Ballet missed its guiding ballet master Sergeyev who had died in 1951. 300:, the brilliant and very experienced choreographer and former dancer, though probably better known now for his role in the film 1933: 289:
the company had 135 members, including artistes, musicians and staff, and artistes alone numbered 100 for the 1949 seasons.
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Many of the set and costume designs are now preserved in the Theatre Collection of Harvard University Library, as is the
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Audiences loved International Ballet. Until the 50s the company played to full houses, sometimes in very large venues.
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Jack Spurgeon, Herida May, Denys Palmer, Ernest Hewitt, Joan Tucker, Helene Armfelt, Anne Suren, Errol Addison
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as ballet master, and she commissioned sets and costumes. By May 1941 the new company was ready to launch.
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The company was further expanded after the war, to enable the mounting of the very large productions
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Mona Inglesby died in 2006 and her obituaries contain some information about International Ballet.
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Kay Hunter's book of Mona Inglesby's recollections, which were backed by her personal records.
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Geoffrey Handley-Taylor's book which describes the productions staged between 1941 and 1947.
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Beaumont, Cyril W. "The International Ballet." Ballet & Opera December (1948): 6-16.
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Nicholas Sergeyev (1942–~50), Geoffrey Espinosa (~1948–53), Ernest Hewitt (~1948–53).
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and destroyed their scenery, costumes and entire collection of musical instruments.
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These two pages of Ballet.co Postings contain snippets about International Ballet.
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Paul Petroff. (1947), Nana Gollner (1947), Bjorn Holmgren, Yurek Shablevsky (1951)
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and other surviving International Ballet dancers, was broadcast in November 2012.
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and International Ballet was probably the only ballet company that town ever saw.
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in Barcelona. The audiences of this tour of Italy and Spain totalled 220,000.
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The lists of productions and personnel have been compiled from these sources:
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International Ballet was formed by the 22-year-old dancer and choreographer
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the only large British Ballet company refused a grant by the Arts Council.
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Stage Director - George Morgan, Harry Winton, Bertram Parham, Guy Bloomer
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before moving to Spain for a four-week season at the Gran Teatro del
2195:"International Ballet scenery and costume designs, 1941-1951: Guide" 434: 426: 394: 386: 322: 205: 2339: 226:
to notate all the ballets in the imperial repertoire. After the
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Soon after forming the company Inglesby invited the 65-year-old
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Company Manager - Guy Charles, Miss E. Fleetwood, Dorothy Brown
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32,000 per night in Verona 1952, 220,000 for summer tour 1953
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Wardrobe Mistress - Mrs Inglesby, May Attewell, Mrs Razelle
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established 20 years earlier, and the new touring company
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George Weldon, Ernest Irving, James Walker, Anthony Baines
1934:"Black-Out Ballet: The Invisible Woman of British Ballet" 296:
In 1950 the company received a boost with the arrival of
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Those taking principal roles included the following:-
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Company Director and Artistic Director - Mona Inglesby
1956:"Arts Council national portfolio funding programme" 1721:, and the influential Philip Richardson, editor of 1446:(Harcourt) Algeranoff, Claudie Leonard/Algeranova, 109: 105:
Nicholas Sergeyev, Geoffrey Espinosa, Ernest Hewitt
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Both appeared in the repertoire in 1951. 2248: 2246: 1713:Among the exceptions were Michael Walsh of 215:1945 saw the company's 1000th performance. 1878:Mona Inglesby, Ballerina and Choreographer 1869: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1488:Mona Inglesby, Ballerina and Choreographer 409:The 1953 tour took in the opera houses of 15: 1891: 1889: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1835: 1833: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 306:. He rehearsed and produced the ballets 257:This photograph of the lakeside scene of 191:, and the corps included the 15-year-old 158:£6M and the Royal Ballet well over £10M. 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1772:. London: The Telegraph. 9 December 2012 1425: 527: 2286: 2284: 1752: 1673: 2528:Ballet companies in the United Kingdom 2498: 2488: 2361: 2359: 2357: 2270: 2260: 2176: 2166: 1928: 1926: 1924: 1846:Mona Inglesby with Kay Hunter (2008). 1534:"International Ballet Company, London" 142:), Sadler's Wells Theatre Ballet now ( 2533:Performing groups established in 1941 1981: 1979: 1977: 7: 1604:. London: Guardian. 10 October 2006 1568:. London: Telegraph. 9 October 2006 363:and the opening of the newly built 446:had three other ballet companies: 14: 2054:by Graeme Smith published in 2011 1936:. the arts desk. 11 December 2012 1874:Handley-Taylor, Geoffrey (1947). 327:The Gaumont State Cinema, Kilburn 1405:(Associate Conductor, ~1949–53) 1363:Administrator - Edwin Derrington 2237:Sixteen years of Ballet Rambert 2086:"Rebuilt Theatre Royal, Hanley" 1643:"Ballet.co Postings Pages 3403" 1623:"Ballet.co Postings Pages 1795" 1549:but does not include these two 1375:Stanislas Idzikowski (1941–44). 210:King's Theatre Hammersmith 1943 1692:Staffordshire Evening Sentinel 182:The first tour started at the 1: 1510:. BBC Radio 4. November 2012 1498:, including interviews with 355:The Festival of Britain 1951 2314:"Honoria Plesch schooldays" 2222:The Royal Ballet - 75 years 375:European tours 1951 to 1953 318:Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo 2549: 2481:Haskell, Arnold (editor). 2253:Haskell, Arnold (editor). 2159:Haskell, Arnold (editor). 1494:A BBC Radio 4 documentary 399:Inside the Arena di Verona 2485:. Adam and Charles Black. 2257:. Adam and Charles Black. 2239:. Hinrichsen Edition Ltd. 2163:. Adam and Charles Black. 1588:. London. 13 October 2006 391:The Roman Arena di Verona 359:1951 was the year of the 2235:Bradley, Lionel (1946). 1602:"Mona Inglesby obituary" 1582:"Mona Inglesby obituary" 1566:"Mona Inglesby obituary" 184:Alhambra Theatre Glasgow 146:), and the newly formed 2335:"Honoria Plesch career" 1850:. Groundnut Publishing. 228:1917 Russian Revolution 152:English National Ballet 144:Birmingham Royal Ballet 2483:The Ballet Annual 1948 2255:The Ballet Annual 1950 2220:Anderson, Zoe (2006). 2161:The Ballet Annual 1955 1987:"Stanislas Idzikowski" 1725:and co-founder of the 1152:Chervachidze/ Heckroth 1149:Chervachidze/ Heckroth 441:The end of the company 400: 392: 333:Butlin's holiday camps 328: 211: 94:Ballet Master in Chief 448:Sadler's Wells Ballet 398: 390: 326: 251:Sadler's Wells Ballet 209: 140:Rambert Dance Company 128:Sadler's Wells Ballet 1663:Notes and references 1256:Capriccio Espagnoles 338:Gaumont State Cinema 172:Stanislas Idzikowski 120:International Ballet 97:Stanislas Idzikowski 32:International Ballet 19:International Ballet 2420:. 18 September 2011 1882:. Vawser and Wiles. 1848:Ballet in the Blitz 1482:Ballet in the Blitz 1435:, Nina Tarakanova, 1419:The Masque of Comus 475:Sergeyev Collection 458:founded in 1950 by 365:Royal Festival Hall 361:Festival of Britain 308:Capriccio Espagnole 275:The Masque of Comus 234:Sergeyev Collection 24:General information 2501:has generic name ( 2400:Claudie Algeranova 2273:has generic name ( 2224:. Faber and Faber. 2179:has generic name ( 1508:"Black-Out Ballet" 1429:from the beginning 1337:Ballet Russe 1938 1277:Ballet Russe 1939 1054:Ballet Russe 1922 691:Ballet Russe 1909 584:Sophie Fedorovitch 579:Sophie Fedorovitch 401: 393: 329: 269:Post-war expansion 249:to join the young 237:). He worked with 232:main article: the 212: 2523:History of ballet 2417:Independent.co.uk 2030:Independent.co.uk 2025:"Nina Tarakanova" 1723:The Dancing Times 1715:The Daily Express 1694:and reprinted at. 1470: 1469: 1383:Musical Directors 1349:Sleeping Princess 1341: 1340: 1286:For Love or Money 1212:Dorothy Stevenson 1209:Dorothy Stevenson 1179:Nicholas Sergeyev 1145:Nicholas Sergeyev 1130:Sleeping Princess 1063:Dances Espagnoles 1040:Nicholas Sergeyev 932:Nicholas Sergeyev 917:Sleeping Princess 893:Nicholas Sergeyev 851:Nicholas Sergeyev 752:Nicholas Sergeyev 739:Polovtsian Dances 716:Nicholas Sergeyev 501:Facts and Figures 313:Gaiete Parisienne 287:Sleeping Princess 279:Sleeping Princess 247:Ninette de Valois 220:Nicholas Sergeyev 117: 116: 2540: 2507: 2506: 2500: 2496: 2494: 2486: 2478: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2457: 2451: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2436: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2408: 2402: 2397: 2391: 2390:(1959) p 138-144 2386:Irving, Ernest, 2384: 2378: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2363: 2352: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2331: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2310: 2304: 2303: 2301: 2299: 2288: 2279: 2278: 2272: 2268: 2266: 2258: 2250: 2241: 2240: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2208: 2206: 2197:. 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May 1989 1747:References 1296:Algeranoff 1293:Algeranoff 1233:Mussorgsky 1215:Bainbridge 1202:Sea Legend 824:Beryl Dean 821:Beryl Dean 678:Idzikowski 651:Léon Bakst 645:Idzikowski 2491:cite book 2263:cite book 2169:cite book 1719:The Stage 1400:(1947–53) 1395:(1943–47) 1390:(1941–43) 1320:Offenbach 1165:Swan Lake 701:Swan Lake 565:Moscowski 552:Premiere 484:Reception 283:Swan Lake 259:Swan Lake 162:Formation 138:(now the 130:(now the 1455:post-war 1450:(actor) 1415:Everyman 1409:Artistes 1305:IB 1951 1220:IB 1948 1189:Chappell 1184:Chappell 1120:IB 1946 1084:IB 1944 1067:Verennes 1018:IB 1943 1014:Chappell 991:Everyman 982:IB 1943 920:$ Act 1 837:Coppélia 827:IB 1941 796:IB 1941 726:Chappell 721:Chappell 637:Schumann 633:Carnaval 620:Chappell 615:Chappell 561:Endymion 549:Costumes 543:Producer 346:Coppelia 241:and the 73:Director 1329:Massine 1324:Massine 1310:1951–53 1282:1951–52 1269:Massine 1264:Massine 1252:1951–53 1229:Visions 1225:1949–50 1198:1948–49 1160:1947–53 1125:1947–53 1089:1946–48 1059:1944–45 987:1943–45 951:1943–46 884:Coralli 875:Giselle 870:1942–50 842:Delibes 832:1942–53 801:1942–43 765:1941–42 743:Borodin 735:1941–45 703:Scene 2 696:1941–46 660:1941–53 629:1941–45 593:1941–45 557:1941–45 431:Sanremo 423:Trieste 419:Brescia 411:Palermo 60:Founder 44:1941-05 42: ( 2466:30 May 2445:30 May 2424:30 May 2372:30 May 2346:30 May 2319:30 May 2298:30 May 2205:30 May 2144:30 May 2118:30 May 2092:30 May 2070:30 May 2037:30 May 1992:30 May 1966:30 May 1940:30 May 1913:30 May 1776:26 May 1653:30 May 1633:30 May 1608:1 June 1592:26 May 1572:26 May 1540:30 May 1524:1950. 1514:30 May 1174:Petipa 1140:Petipa 1097:Handel 1035:Petipa 927:Petipa 888:Perrot 846:Petipa 747:Ivanov 711:Petipa 687:Fokine 674:Fokine 670:Chopin 641:Fokine 597:Amoras 534:Ballet 52:Closed 1907:(PDF) 1900:(PDF) 1668:Notes 1355:Staff 959:Grieg 601:Elgar 546:Decor 537:Music 531:Dates 435:Liceu 427:Turin 150:(now 2503:help 2468:2014 2447:2014 2426:2014 2374:2014 2348:2014 2340:IMDb 2321:2014 2300:2014 2275:help 2207:2014 2181:help 2146:2014 2120:2014 2094:2014 2072:2014 2039:2014 1994:2014 1968:2014 1942:2014 1915:2014 1778:2014 1655:2014 1635:2014 1610:2014 1594:2014 1574:2014 1542:2014 1516:2014 1417:and 1023:1944 912:1942 462:and 450:and 429:and 310:and 281:and 29:Name 154:). 134:), 2519:: 2495:: 2493:}} 2489:{{ 2414:. 2356:^ 2337:. 2283:^ 2267:: 2265:}} 2261:{{ 2245:^ 2173:: 2171:}} 2167:{{ 2027:. 2016:^ 1976:^ 1923:^ 1888:^ 1856:^ 1786:^ 1755:^ 1584:. 1133:$ 886:/ 477:. 425:, 421:, 417:, 413:, 277:, 203:. 2505:) 2470:. 2449:. 2428:. 2376:. 2350:. 2323:. 2302:. 2277:) 2209:. 2183:) 2148:. 2122:. 2096:. 2074:. 2041:. 2010:. 1996:. 1970:. 1944:. 1917:. 1780:. 1739:" 1729:. 1657:. 1637:. 1612:. 1596:. 1576:. 1544:. 1518:. 1421:. 46:)

Index

Mona Inglesby
Sadler's Wells Ballet
Royal Ballet
Ballet Rambert
Rambert Dance Company
Birmingham Royal Ballet
Festival Ballet
English National Ballet
Mona Inglesby
Stanislas Idzikowski
Alhambra Theatre Glasgow
Harold Turner
Moira Shearer
Doris Zinkeisen

Nicholas Sergeyev
Marius Petipa
1917 Russian Revolution
Sergeyev Collection
Sergei Diaghilev
Ballets Russes
Ninette de Valois
Sadler's Wells Ballet
Léonide Massine
The Red Shoes
Gaiete Parisienne
Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo

Butlin's holiday camps
Gaumont State Cinema

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