International Energy Agency

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probability), universal access to modern energy services and major improvements in air quality – and shows a pathway to reach it. The Announced Pledges Scenario, and the Stated Policies Scenario are exploratory, in that they define a set of starting conditions, such as policies and targets, and then see where they lead based on model representations of energy systems, including market dynamics and technological progress. The scenarios are not predictions but enable

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approach focuses on skill development, jobs, worker protections, economic development, equity and fairness, social inclusion, and engaging individuals as stakeholders in the process. The commission is composed of national leaders, government ministers, and representatives from civil society. In October 2021, the Commission published a report for twelve recommendations for a people-centered approach to the clean energy transition.

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Celsius. In March 2017, the IEA (along with IRENA) published a report that considers a safer climate scenario than their current 450S. This scenario offers improved chances of limiting global warming to less than two degrees, but – according to research organization Oil Change International – still falls short of adequately addressing climate science and the

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for publishing its detailed, global energy data behind paywalls, " it unusable in the public discourse and many researchers from accessing it". The authors of the Our World in Data open letter suggested that "countries that fund the IEA drop the requirement to place data behind paywalls and increase

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that "Global Witness' analysis demonstrates that the Agency continues to retain an overly-optimistic, and therefore misleading, view about potential future oil production." According to Global Witness, "the Agency's over-confidence, despite credible data, external analysis and underlying fundamentals

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As part of its work on the energy transition, the IEA convenes the Global Commission for People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions to "ensure the benefits and costs involved in the transformation of our energy system are distributed fairly and in a way that protects the most vulnerable in society." The

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450 Scenario: Environmental groups have become critical of the IEA's 450 Scenario (created to align with the 2009 Copenhagen Accord), contending it does not align with up-to-date climate science, nor is it consistent with the Paris climate agreement that aspires to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees

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was appointed executive director, the first time an official from within the organization was picked to lead it. They have a mandate to modernize the agency on three major pillars: broadening the IEA's mandate on energy security beyond oil to include natural gas and electricity; increasing engagement

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In addition to the emergency release mechanism, the IEA's initial mandates include reducing dependence on oil, developing alternative energy sources, energy research and development, and collaboration with oil-producing companies and countries to create a stable energy market. Members are expected to

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For example, in 1998, the IEA predicted global wind electricity generation would total 47.4 GW by 2020, but EWG's report states that this level was reached by the end of 2004. The report also said that the IEA has not learned the lesson of previous underestimates, and last year net additions of wind

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The Governing Board constitutes the main decision-making body of the organisation. It is composed of member country representatives and meets three to four times a year. The Governing Board is responsible for the IEA's administrative proceedings and approving binding decisions in relation to energy

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In its focus on energy efficiency, the IEA convenes policy leaders and other stakeholders with an eye toward scaling up progress on energy efficiency as a way to mitigate climate change, contribute to energy security, and deliver economic, and support economies and communities. The IEA has created

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First published in 1983, the monthly Oil Market Report analyses the global oil market, providing data and forecasts aimed for an audience of industry, financial, and government officials as well as an academic and NGO audience. Country specific analysis on trade and production tracks both OECD and

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The new category of "Association countries" was created in 2015, allowing countries that do not fit the criteria for IEA membership to become affiliated with the organization and participate in its work. China, Indonesia, and Thailand were the first to join and the IEA now has thirteen Association

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The IEA operates autonomously, with its own budget and governance structure. The organization began with 16 founding member countries and has since expanded to 31, with the latest addition being Lithuania in 2022. Full members of the IEA must also be members of the OECD and are required to hold 90

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TCPs provide support to independent, international groups of government and industry experts to research, develop, and commercialise energy technologies and related issues. Over 6,000 experts are involved in TCPs across approximately 300 organisations in 55 countries. Examples of TCPs include the

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Given the implications of climate change impacts for energy security, the IEA also works to understand climate impacts on energy systems and provide guidance on measures to improve their resilience to these impacts. This includes an assessment of hydropower under different climate scenarios and a

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Sustainable Development Scenario: Concerns regarding the IEA's Sustainable Development Scenario (the successor to the 450 scenario) has also been raised by climate scientists and key financial institutions, who have called for 1.5°C scenario placed centrally in the World Energy Outlook. The IEA's

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CETP's focus is to "accelerate global clean energy transitions, particularly in major emerging economies." The program supports governments whose energy policies will be key to the global energy transition and involves collaborative analytics, technology cooperation, stakeholder convenings, and

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Net Zero by 2050 was published in May 2021 and presented the first comprehensive pathway for the global energy sector to reach net zero emissions by 2050. The report introduced the Net Zero Emissions scenario, showing how to transition to net zero by 2050 while maintaining secure and affordable

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Association was formally launched in 2015 and currently includes 13 countries. The IEA collaborates with Association countries on a wide range of energy-related issues determined through joint programmes of work. Association countries may also participate in most Standing Groups and Ministerial

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Since 1976, the IEA has published in-depth energy policy reviews. These country policy reviews are typically conducted every five years for member countries, and cover the full range of the country's energy systems and policies, with recent reports placing particular focus on progress towards

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The World Energy Outlook uses three scenarios to examine future energy trends. The Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario is normative, in that it is designed to achieve specific outcomes – an emissions trajectory consistent with keeping the temperature rise in 2100 below 1.5 °C (with a 50%

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The IEA produces analyses on all energy sources and technologies, on global and regional markets, as well as specific country-level reports and studies on key technologies, minerals, and materials for the clean energy transition. It also produces comprehensive data and statistics for over 150

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After the IEA's 2022 Ministerial meeting, a bi-annual high-level meeting of IEA countries, member countries once again expanded the organisation's mandate to include accelerating the global clean energy transition by "supporting countries in the global effort to attain net zero greenhouse gas

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The Policies and Measures Database (PAMS) makes available to the public data on government policies and programs to reduce carbon emissions, support energy efficiency, and improve the development and use of renewable and clean energy sources. The database compiles data from several IEA and

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The IEA's current forecasts for solar power do not accord with the exponential growth in the sector. The misleading projections have perpetuated the impression that the growth of solar power requires huge subsidies, and has the potential to discourage investment in solar energy market and

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report focused on climate hazards for power systems and measures to enhance their climate resilience. The IEA also provides an overview of the level of climate hazards in its member countries, along with key planning and policy documents to address energy sector climate resilience.

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Published annually with the support of the members of the Electric Vehicles Initiative, GEVO highlights and analyses recent developments in EVs and electric mobility. The publication combines historical analysis with projections to 2030 for topics such as charging infrastructure,

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The Renewable Energy Market Update surveys new additions in global renewable power capacity and demand for biofuel. The report, which is updated several times a year, also discusses important variables and policy implications that may affect projections for the years to come.

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Accession countries are those going through the process of becoming full members. The process involves authorisation by the Governing Board, discussions with the executive director, and the sharing of information related to the criteria for membership with the Secretariat.

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Energy Efficiency Indicators based on over ten years of data to highlight the drivers of individual nations' energy use in order to track energy efficiency and improve national policies. The data covers major sectors such as residential services, industry, and transport.

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emissions, and prevent global temperatures from rising above 1.5 °C. All IEA member countries have signed the Paris Agreement which aims to limit warming to 1.5 °C, and two thirds of IEA member governments have made commitments to emission neutrality by 2050.

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The IEA publishes comprehensive data, statistics, and analysis that inform national energy policies and support long-term planning for energy sector investments. The IEA analyses and releases data and information on trends in energy supply, demand, prices, public

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First issued in 2006, ETP is a bi-annual guidebook on clean energy technology. The publication focuses on challenges, growth areas, and strengths of emerging clean energy technologies and their contribution to global energy and environmental policy-making.

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Standing Groups meet multiple times a year and are made up of officials from member states. The IEA has several Standing Groups and Committees, focusing on energy research and technology, long-term cooperation, emergency preparedness, and other topics.

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The annual World Energy Investment tracks investment across the energy world, examining how investors are assessing risks and opportunities across all areas of fuel and electricity supply, critical minerals, efficiency and research and development.

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In subsequent decades, the IEA's role expanded to cover the entire global energy system, encompassing traditional fuels such as gas, and coal as well as cleaner and fast-growing energy sources and technologies including renewable energy sources;

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The IEA was founded on November 18, 1974, after the 1973 oil crisis, to avoid future shocks by helping to ensure reliable energy supplies, promote energy efficiency, ensure energy security and encourage technological research and innovation.

2525: m/d). The lead author of the report, Kjell Aleklett, has claimed that IEA's reports are "political documents". Other research from the same group has thoroughly reviewed oil projections done by the IEA World Energy Outlook. 801:

emissions in the energy sector by mid-century." The "IEA 3.0" mandate also doubles down on strengthening energy security and recognizes the importance of tracking critical minerals and materials to the clean energy transition.

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Energy Efficiency is an annual report on global progress and developments in the crucial role that efficient appliances, equipment, buildings, transport and industry play in reducing energy use and the resulting emissions.

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The IEA Ministerial Meeting is the biennial gathering of energy ministers who determine the broad direction of the IEA. The Ministerial allows for the development of ideas which are subsequently put to the Governing Board.

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in Sweden who studied the 2008 World Energy Outlook and concluded the forecasts of the IEA were unattainable. According to their peer-reviewed report, oil production in 2030 would not exceed 75 million barrels per day

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reaching climate goals. The most recent reports were on Norway, Poland, Belgium, and Canada. The IEA also produces in-depth energy reviews of its accession and association countries, as well as partner countries.

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TCEP reports on the status of 46 critical energy technologies and sectors needed to achieve net zero emissions by mid-century, and provides recommendations on how to accelerate their development and deployment.

610:, established in 1974, that provides policy recommendations, analysis and data on the global energy sector. The 31 member countries and 13 association countries of the IEA represent 75% of global energy demand. 629:, promote energy savings and conservation, and establish international technical collaboration. Since its founding, the IEA has also coordinated use of the oil reserves that its members are required to hold. 2631: 6074: 2344:

training and capacity-building. CETP has identified Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, and South Africa as priority countries as well as the regions of Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.

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under pressures from the US. According to a second unidentified former senior IEA official it was "imperative not to anger the Americans" and that the world has already entered the "peak oil zone".

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and other readers to compare different possible versions of the future and the levers and actions that produce them, with the aim of stimulating insights about the future of global energy.

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predictions, claims that the IEA has had an institutional bias towards traditional energy sources and has been using "misleading data" to undermine the case for renewable energy, such as

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Announced Pledges Scenario (APS): Assumes implementation of policies as in the STEPS, and also assumes fulfillment of looser pledges that are not yet backed by policy and legislation.

5018:"The International Energy Agency thinks peak oil use is in sight this decade as the world switches to renewables. What is driving this shift – and what is still standing in the way?" 2948: 1141:

levels equivalent to at least 90 days of the previous year's net imports. Member countries commit to respond to significant oil disruptions through a collective action to allow more

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rejected the IEA's forecast, saying "what makes such predictions so dangerous, is that they are often accompanied by calls to stop investing in new oil and gas projects."

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The Electricity Market Report provides regular forecasts for global electricity demand, supply, generation and emissions, with a special focus on recent developments.

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The IEA's analytical work is split into various categories including policy recommendations, tracking, market forecasts, technical roadmapping, and scenario analysis.

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regarding energy security, environmental protection and economic development. The first WEO was published in 1977 and it has been an annual publication since 1998.

4513:"Global Commission of government leaders and prominent figures announces key recommendations for putting people at the centre of clean energy transitions – News" 4186: 4773: 5189:"The International Energy Agency publishes the detailed, global energy data we all need, but its funders force it behind paywalls: let's ask them to change it" 2567:, a move endorsed by its executive director and governing board. This initiative was awaiting final endorsement from IEA member countries to become effective. 5483: 5357: 703: 5049: 6912: 5965: 5960: 5945: 5940: 5488: 5223:"Open letter to the International Energy Agency and its member countries: please remove paywalls from global energy data and add appropriate open licenses" 656:

to clean energy. Recently, it has focused in particular on supporting global efforts to accelerate clean energy transition, mitigate climate change, reach

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The core activity of the IEA is providing policy advice to its member states and Associated countries to support their energy security and advance their

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power globally were four times greater than the average IEA estimate from its 1995–2004 predictions. This pattern seems to have continued through 2016.

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meetings. Egypt and Argentina joined as Association countries in March 2022, and Ukraine was formally invited on 16 June 2022, and joined in July 2022.

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Auke Hoekstra et al.: Creating Agent-Based Energy Transition Management Models That Can Uncover Profitable Pathways to Climate Change Mitigation. In:

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Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS): Assumes implementation of governments' existing policies and firm commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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energy supplies, extending energy access, and encouraging robust economic growth. The report was the basis for a game created by the IEA and the

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in emerging economies through new Association partnerships; and expanding the IEA's core focus on clean energy technology and energy efficiency.

6151: 5975: 6932: 5559: 2646: 2462: 2092: 904: 4986: 6907: 6282: 5950: 5524: 2574:. This dataset encompasses global aggregated data for various scenarios, alongside detailed regional and country-specific data up to 2050. 4562: 3148: 706:(IEP Agreement) established the mandates and structure of the IEA, chartering it as an autonomous organisation under the umbrella of the 5529: 1138: 783: 726:. These emergency stocks can be released to stabilize oil markets worldwide and have been activated five times: January 1991 due to the 723: 5254:"The IEA wants to make their data available to the public – now it is on governments of the world's rich countries to make this happen" 6663: 6342: 6058: 4124: 4012: 2636: 680:, who took office in late 2015. IEA publishes a range of reports and other information including its flagship publication, the annual 6810: 6114: 5867: 5017: 3887: 3806: 3195: 3048: 4459: 739: 6699: 6352: 5847: 5544: 5539: 5350: 5032:"'Dire Consequences' For Billions: OPEC Blasts IEA's Fossil Fuel Demand Forecast, Warns Of 'Energy Chaos' On Unprecedented Scale" 3035: 2122: 747: 5271: 3829: 3415: 2543:

In 2023, the IEA predicted that demand for fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas and coal would reach an all-time high by 2030.

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was formed on January 26, 2009. The aim is to have the agency fully operational by 2010 with an initial annual budget of €25M.

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Long, Russell B.; Ribicoff, Abe; et al. (U.S. Senate committee on Finance, Subcommittee on International Trade) (1975).

2234: 646: 607: 94: 3196:"Joint Ministerial Declaration on the occasion of the 2015 IEA Ministerial meeting expressing the Activation of Association" 4890: 4823: 2256:

emissions, energy use, and related policy developments. The report includes policy recommendations to advance EV adoption.

6033: 5930: 5920: 5842: 982: 6865: 5297: 2886: 6805: 6800: 6337: 6322: 5771: 4067: 3873: 5031: 3584: 6917: 6852: 5343: 4587: 715: 669: 4780: 2490:, referring to an unidentified senior IEA official, alleged that the agency was deliberately downplaying the risk of 4759: 6407: 6008: 5993: 5955: 5716: 5593: 2372: 6922: 6779: 6312: 6053: 5857: 4918: 4721: 3001:"The oil crisis of 1973 as a challenge to multilateral energy cooperation among Western industrialized countries" 2095:(IRENA) data sources dating back to 1999 and includes information on past, current, and planned policy measures. 4863: 3585:"Former Dutch Minister Maria van der Hoeven Named Next Executive Director of the IEA to Start in September 2011" 3549: 3501: 2571: 2281:

The Gas Market Report is updated quarterly, providing the latest developments and data for global gas markets.

2080: 797:, saying that "Clean-energy technologies are slowly but surely going to replace the existing energy industry." 2570:

In October 2023, the IEA made the World Energy Outlook 2023 dataset available for non-commercial use under a

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required to reach agreed upon global climate limits. The IEA has stopped updating this safer climate scenario

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draw up plans on demand reduction and efficiency measures that can be implemented during energy emergencies.

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et al.: The underestimated potential of solar energy to mitigate climate change. In: Nature Energy 2, 2017,

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Amid discontent from across the renewables sector at the IEA's performance as a global energy watchdog, the

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The IEA's structure includes a Governing Board, Ministerial Meetings, and Standing Groups and Committees.

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countries, including Ukraine since July 2022. IEA member and Association countries represent over 75% of

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to respond to physical disruptions in global oil supplies, provide data and statistics about the global

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The 31 member countries and 13 association countries of the IEA represent 75% of global energy demand.

4359: 3680:"IEA marks historic day in global energy governance with first member country in Latin America – News" 2815: 6581: 6251: 6013: 5895: 5721: 5694: 5677: 5603: 5435: 5120: 4958: 3848: 2600: 2583: 2480: 2431:

stated that the IEA has consistently underestimated the potential for renewable energy alternatives.

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In 2021, the IEA was publicly criticized by more than 30 international academics and researchers at

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metrics. The data also serves to track short- and long-term trends in countries energy transitions.

920: 6729: 6674: 6601: 6490: 6302: 6220: 5900: 5766: 3437:(in German). Ravensburg, Germany: Munzinger Online/Personen – Internationales Biographisches Archiv 2656: 2610: 2451: 2412: 1415: 290: 4637: 3308: 6576: 5998: 5608: 5508: 5366: 5152: 3100: 2501: 2435: 2135: 879: 841: 794: 622: 565: 4488:"Recommendations of the Global Commission on People-Centred Clean Energy Transitions – Analysis" 2563:

In January 2022, the IEA announced plans to make all its data and analyses freely available and

6724: 5852: 5827: 5630: 5615: 5144: 5136: 5076: 3092: 3044: 3016: 2556: 774: 731: 657: 653: 3550:"Nobuo Tanaka nominated to succeed Claude Mandil as IEA Executive Director in September 2007" 2754: 6551: 6272: 5875: 5793: 5711: 5549: 5430: 5128: 4966: 4248: 3084: 3008: 2540:

all strongly suggesting a more precautionary approach, has had a disastrous global impact."

2416: 2401: 2214: 539: 4665: 2919: 6784: 6774: 6516: 6267: 6156: 6082: 5885: 5880: 5810: 5778: 5689: 5405: 4742: 4563:"Climate impacts on African hydropower – Climate Impacts on African Hydropower – Analysis" 4209: 4204: 3149:"DECISION OF THE COUNCIL: Establishing an International Energy Agency of the Organisation" 2841: 2439: 2227: 2195: 626: 618: 5325: 5124: 4962: 4208: This article incorporates text from this source, which is available under the 4170: 4013:"Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE) – Global Energy and Climate Model – Analysis" 3290: 2973: 6621: 6541: 6531: 6521: 6462: 6437: 6146: 6087: 6018: 5905: 5890: 5699: 5637: 5382: 5101: 4994: 4661: 3523: 2532: 1766: 1253: 933: 735: 664: 585: 511: 186: 4987:"Heads in the Sand: Governments Ignore the Oil Supply Crunch and Threaten the Climate" 4799:"In 2002, the IEA Predicted Solar Was Going Nowhere. And in 2003. And 2004. And 2005…" 6901: 6879: 6689: 6646: 6611: 6240: 6121: 6094: 6028: 5420: 5156: 4273: 3000: 2420: 2405: 2393: 2202: 2179: 2142:

Sustainable Development Scenario only gets to net-zero by 2070, two decades too late.

1788: 957: 634: 524: 2515: m/d) while the IEA forecasts a production of 105 million barrels per day (16.7 2450:

capacity and finds that it has consistently underestimated the amount of energy the

6749: 6679: 6571: 6561: 6556: 6546: 6536: 6422: 6402: 6347: 6131: 6099: 6038: 5935: 5837: 5743: 5620: 5554: 4971: 4946: 4923: 4895: 4681: 3012: 2486: 2029: 995: 908: 6641: 2837: 4612: 3874:"Argentina joins the International Energy Agency as a member – the Canadian News" 3466: 3073:"The International Energy Agency: State Influence and Transgovernmental Politics" 714:, which it shared with the OECD, to commercially leased space located within the 6886: 6719: 6591: 6412: 6382: 6327: 6317: 6023: 6003: 5682: 5665: 5583: 5445: 5415: 5410: 4864:"How the IEA exaggerates the costs and underestimates the growth of solar power" 2564: 2424: 2174:(WEO) is the International Energy Agency's (IEA) flagship publication on global 1723: 1661: 1560: 1539: 1066: 1042: 793:

called on policymakers to do more to accelerate the clean energy transition and

790: 770: 758: 677: 553: 485: 446: 381: 368: 5132: 4384: 4298: 4040: 3988:"Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) – Global Energy and Climate Model – Analysis" 3963:"Stated Policies Scenario (STEPS) – Global Energy and Climate Model – Analysis" 3434: 6769: 6636: 6626: 6392: 6230: 6136: 4677: 3526:[Mr. Nobuo Tanaka will succeed Mr. Claude Mandil as head of the IEA]. 3088: 2447: 2428: 2209: 2191: 2183: 1849: 1498: 638: 342: 5140: 5106:"Covid's lessons for climate, sustainability and more from our World in Data" 5080: 3291:"Meet the Man Who Defines the Energy Markets—And Wants the World to Go Clean" 3096: 3020: 6874: 6764: 6495: 6442: 6387: 6377: 6287: 6235: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6141: 5822: 5450: 5377: 5050:"OPEC says IEA estimate of peak fossil fuel demand by 2030 not 'fact-based'" 4947:"Oil projections in retrospect: Revisions, accuracy and current uncertainty" 4919:"Oil: future world shortages are being drastically underplayed, say experts" 3807:"Korea Joins International Energy Agency; Becomes IEA's Twenty-Sixth Member" 3588: 2616: 2016: 1964: 1899: 1478: 1170: 1142: 329: 134: 5253: 5188: 5148: 4838:"Underestimating the Contribution of Solar PV Risks Damaging Policy Making" 4706: 3587:(Press release). International Energy Agency. 11 March 2011. Archived from 3468:

Consensus or Confrontation: International Economic Policy at the Crossroads

3309:"World at 'beginning of end' of fossil fuel era, says global energy agency" 3238:"IEA and China deepen ties with extensive three-year work programme – News" 2400:

The IEA has been criticised for systematically underestimating the role of

3912: 2838:"Investors step up pressure on global energy watchdog over climate change" 2446:

and solar. A 2008 EWG report compares IEA projections about the growth of

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in which players compete to see if they can reduce emissions to net zero.

6759: 6739: 6734: 6714: 6709: 6485: 6475: 6397: 6332: 6104: 5832: 5788: 5783: 5647: 3616: 3614:[Fatih Birol nominated to head the International Energy Agency]. 2666: 2627:

International Energy Agency Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme

2587: 2491: 2438:(EWG), a coalition of scientists and politicians which analyses official 2187: 2118: 2042: 1836: 1641: 1601: 727: 433: 420: 3556: 2117:

Net Zero Scenario (NZE): Assumes implementation of the IEA's pathway to

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The following countries are currently undergoing the accession process:

6427: 6417: 6297: 6292: 6207: 4774:"Wind Power in Context – A clean Revolution in the Energy Sector p. 10" 4726: 3104: 3072: 2863: 2790: 2679: 2055: 2003: 1990: 1395: 1354: 1314: 1294: 1273: 1211: 1190: 892: 854: 642: 277: 251: 225: 212: 199: 160: 147: 4760:"IEA accused of "deliberately" undermining global renewables industry" 3654: 2632:

IEA-ECBCS Annex 48 : Heat Pumping and Reversible Air Conditioning

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IEA publications give projections based on sets of assumptions called

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member states may join the IEA. Member are required to maintain total

6744: 6631: 6616: 6606: 6566: 6480: 5335: 3937: 3612:"Fatih Birol nommé à la tête de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie" 3166:"Fatih Birol nommé à la tête de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie" 2175: 1912: 1875: 1862: 1744: 1702: 1621: 1580: 1519: 1375: 1334: 1232: 1079: 1019:

Director for Science, Technology and Industry at the OECD, 1992–2007

970: 498: 472: 407: 394: 355: 264: 238: 173: 4588:"Climate Impacts on South and Southeast Asian Hydropower – Analysis" 4334: 3392: 2722: 4891:"Key oil figures were distorted by US pressure, says whistleblower" 6526: 6500: 6470: 6432: 6372: 6367: 6362: 5330: 4460:"Clean Energy Transitions Programme – Programmes and partnerships" 2671: 2387: 2208: 1977: 1951: 1938: 1925: 1823: 1681: 1457: 1436: 1008: 764: 663: 603: 459: 316: 303: 105: 4223: 3524:"M. Nobuo TANAKA succèdera à M. Claude MANDIL à la tête de l'AIE" 865:

Special Advisor on Energy Issues to the Secretary General of the

6754: 6694: 6447: 5925: 2661: 2544: 2443: 866: 707: 5339: 3837:. Vol. 1. Paris: International Energy Agency. p. 336. 3753:"AGENCE EUROPE – Poland becomes 28th member country of the IEA" 3423:. Vol. 1. Paris: International Energy Agency. p. 263. 3213:"India becomes associate member of International Energy Agency" 2887:"IEA reappoints Fatih Birol for new term as Executive Director" 730:, 2005 after devastation in the Gulf of Mexico from hurricanes 6586: 6452: 6225: 5069:"Energy watchdog urged to give free access to government data" 2816:"IEA pins climate change goals on developing world transition" 2529: 710:(OECD). In 1996, the IEA relocated its headquarters from the 4694:

Photovoltaik: Lehrbuch zu Grundlagen, Technologie und Praxis

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International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation

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Wachtmeister, Henrik; Henke, Petter; Höök, Mikael (2018).

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projections and analysis. It contains medium to long-term

5182: 5180: 4538:"Climate Impacts on Latin American Hydropower – Analysis" 3831:

The History of the International Energy Agency, 1974–1994

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The History of the International Energy Agency, 1974–1994

2357:

Resilience of the Energy Sector to Climate Change Impacts

4173:, License: CC BY 4.0 (report); CC BY NC SA 4.0 (Annex A) 2221:

Net Zero by 2050: a roadmap for the global energy sector

2121:

emissions by 2050 while minimising cost and meeting key

5320: 5272:"World Energy Outlook 2023 Free Dataset - Data product" 3264:"Ukraine to join the IEA as Association country – News" 810:

Executive Directors of the International Energy Agency

576: 4824:"International Renewable Energy Agency launches today" 4722:"Renewable energy becoming cost competitive, IEA says" 4360:"Renewable Energy Market Update – May 2022 – Analysis" 3555:(Press release). IEA. 14 December 2006. Archived from 867:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

708:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

615:

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

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Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty

6863: 4171:

https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2022

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The History of the IEA, 1974–1994: The First 20 Years

3502:"Claude Mandil Elected Executive Director of the IEA" 6816:

International Association of Oil & Gas Producers

3037:

History of the International Energy Agency, Volume 4

6793: 6659: 6509: 6461: 6249: 6206: 6191: 6182: 6067: 5984: 5866: 5752: 5646: 5574: 5517: 5476: 5469: 5391: 4410:"Energy Efficiency Indicators: Overview – Analysis" 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 571: 559: 545: 533: 112: 100: 90: 72: 64: 4169:IEA (2022), World Energy Outlook 2022, IEA, Paris 3849:"Singapore becomes IEA Association Country – News" 3778:"Slovak Republic to become 27th member of the IEA" 2836:Green, Matthew; Ekblom, Jonas (18 November 2019). 773:called on policymakers to do more to speed up the 4435:"Clean Energy Transitions Programme – Programmes" 3741:. Paris: International Energy Agency. p. 67. 4638:"Climate Resilience Policy Indicator – Analysis" 4187:"Global Energy and Climate Model: Documentation" 2375:(PVPS), and Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (HEV). 645:as well as nuclear power, and hydrogen, and the 5221:Schäfer, Malte; et al. (8 December 2021). 3500:International Energy Agency (17 January 2003). 2396:additions vs. predictions by the IEA, 2002–2016 5187:Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (7 October 2021). 946:UK Department of Energy and Trade and Industry 613:The IEA was set up under the framework of the 5351: 3888:"Ukraine signs association pact with the IEA" 2885:International Energy Agency (25 March 2022). 2613:: Surveys of International Economic Forecasts 1092:Chief Economist, International Energy Agency 8: 5252:Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max (4 March 2024). 4224:"The Climate Game — Can you reach net zero?" 4192:. International Energy Agency. December 2022 2862:International Energy Agency (7 March 2022). 2469:consequently, hold back even faster growth. 2411:In the past, the IEA has been criticized by 1588:Founding member (under a special Agreement) 704:Agreement on an International Energy Program 21: 3391:International Energy Agency (10 May 2022). 3043:. International Energy Agency. p. 71. 2500:also referred to a team of scientists from 2371:Energy in Buildings and Communities (EBC), 6203: 6188: 5473: 5358: 5344: 5336: 4482: 4480: 4123:. OECD/IEA and IRENA. 2017. Archived from 2755:"Kenya and Senegal to join the IEA – News" 1147: 584: 20: 4970: 4249:"Energy Technology Perspectives – Topics" 3938:"Policy database – Data & Statistics" 2404:sources in future energy systems such as 95:Autonomous intergovernmental organisation 16:Autonomous intergovernmental organisation 5298:"Saudi Oil Minister Tired Of Shale Hype" 4118:"Perspectives for the energy transition" 2920:"2022 IEA Ministerial Communiqué – News" 2366:Technology Collaboration Programs (TCPs) 944:Head of Consumer and Corporate Affairs, 808: 676:The IEA's current executive director is 672:, where the IEA headquarters are located 6870: 6278:China National Offshore Oil Corporation 4143:"OFF TRACK: The IEA and Climate Change" 4078:from the original on 30 September 2023. 3610:Bezat, Jean-Michel (13 February 2015). 3386: 3384: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3342: 2691: 2622:IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme 2606:Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre 2582:In 2018, the IEA was criticized at the 2348:People-Centered Clean Energy Transition 124: 6152:Unconventional (oil and gas) reservoir 5911:2020 Russia–Saudi Arabia oil price war 4720:Henning Gloystein (23 November 2011). 4696:. 4. edition, Hanser, (Munich) p. 340. 3732: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3579: 3577: 3495: 3493: 3491: 3340: 3338: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3322: 5235:Schäfer is the coordinating author. 5067:Ambrose, Jillian (10 December 2021). 4917:Terry Macalister (12 November 2009). 4754: 4752: 4329: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4319: 4106:from the original on 12 January 2024. 4035: 4033: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3645: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3637: 3635: 2647:International Renewable Energy Agency 2463:International Renewable Energy Agency 2093:International Renewable Energy Agency 7: 6283:China National Petroleum Corporation 4889:Terry Macalister (9 November 2009). 4740:Guy Pearse (2009). "Quarry Vision", 4707:"Nuclear Institute Login – Register" 2910: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2831: 2829: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2107:. Currently-used scenarios include: 5331:Climate Game at the Financial Times 4274:"Global EV Outlook 2022 – Analysis" 3289:Worland, Justin (28 October 2021). 757:In 2015, the IEA's chief economist 6913:International energy organizations 6343:National Iranian South Oil Company 6059:Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin 5225:. Open Energy Modelling Initiative 3034:Bamberger, Craig S. (March 2004). 2637:International Atomic Energy Agency 2339:Clean Energy Transitions Programme 14: 6938:Organizations established in 1974 6811:Intercontinental Exchange Futures 6700:Chicago Bridge & Iron Company 6353:Oil & Gas Development Company 6885: 6873: 6848: 6847: 5237: 5206: 5169: 4203: 3123:"Oil security – Energy security" 2160:This section is an excerpt from 2123:UN Sustainable Development Goals 2048: 2035: 2022: 2009: 1996: 1983: 1970: 1957: 1944: 1931: 1918: 1905: 1892: 1868: 1855: 1842: 1829: 1816: 1781: 1759: 1737: 1716: 1695: 1674: 1654: 1634: 1614: 1594: 1573: 1553: 1532: 1512: 1491: 1471: 1450: 1429: 1408: 1388: 1368: 1347: 1327: 1307: 1287: 1266: 1246: 1225: 1204: 1183: 1163: 1072: 1035: 1001: 963: 926: 885: 847: 517: 504: 491: 478: 465: 452: 439: 426: 413: 400: 387: 374: 361: 348: 335: 322: 309: 296: 283: 270: 257: 244: 231: 218: 205: 192: 179: 166: 153: 140: 127: 36: 27: 6358:Oil and Natural Gas Corporation 4613:"Climate Resilience – Analysis" 4090:"Modelling for climate success" 3473:U.S. Government Printing Office 2586:by Saudi Arabia's Oil Minister 649:needed for these technologies. 617:(OECD) in the aftermath of the 547: 6826:Society of Petroleum Engineers 6597:Port Harcourt Refining Company 6263:Abu Dhabi National Oil Company 4972:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.013 4141:Muttitt, Greg (5 April 2018). 4066:Muttitt, Greg (6 April 2016). 3013:10.12759/hsr.39.2014.4.209-230 2484:, the British daily newspaper 2312:Tracking Clean Energy Progress 2294:Renewable Energy Market Update 2235:Energy Technology Perspectives 1056:of the Netherlands, 2007–2010 608:intergovernmental organisation 1: 5772:Production sharing agreements 4041:"Net Zero by 2050 – Analysis" 3530:(in French). 14 December 2006 3172:(in French). 13 February 2015 3007:. 39 (2014) (2014): 209–230. 2415:for underplaying the role of 2384:Bias against renewable energy 722:days worth of oil imports as 6933:Organizations based in Paris 6806:Canadian petroleum companies 6801:American Petroleum Institute 6338:National Iranian Oil Company 6323:Kuwait Petroleum Corporation 4666:doi:10.1038/nenergy.2017.140 4385:"Energy efficiency – Topics" 4299:"Oil Market Report – Topics" 1145:to enter the global market. 1054:Minister of Economic Affairs 983:Institut français du pétrole 903:Director-General for Trade, 6908:International Energy Agency 6821:International Energy Agency 5806:Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) 5321:International Energy Agency 4797:Drum, Kevin (22 May 2017). 3803:International Energy Agency 3651:International Energy Agency 3192:International Energy Agency 3119:International Energy Agency 3071:Keohane, Robert O. (1978). 2978:International Energy Agency 2974:"World Energy Outlook 2020" 2945:International Energy Agency 2916:International Energy Agency 2787:International Energy Agency 2719:International Energy Agency 2477:Ahead of the launch of the 2408:and their cost reductions. 2392:Real development of global 1792: 1771: 1748: 1727: 1706: 1685: 1665: 1645: 1625: 1605: 1584: 1564: 1543: 1523: 1502: 1482: 1461: 1440: 1419: 1399: 1379: 1358: 1338: 1318: 1298: 1277: 1257: 1236: 1215: 1194: 1174: 909:Federal Republic of Germany 905:Federal Ministry of Finance 748:Russian invasion of Ukraine 716:Embassy of Australia, Paris 670:Embassy of Australia, Paris 596:International Energy Agency 52: Association countries 22:International Energy Agency 6959: 6408:PTT Public Company Limited 6009:East Midlands Oil Province 5994:List of natural gas fields 5594:Integrated asset modelling 5133:10.1038/d41586-021-02691-4 5075:. London, United Kingdom. 3077:International Organization 3005:Historical Social Research 2551:Restricting access to data 2373:Photovoltaic Power Systems 2159: 6843: 6780:Weatherford International 6313:Iraq National Oil Company 5373: 3147:OECD (15 November 1974). 3089:10.1017/S0020818300032033 2419:technologies in favor of 2269:Electricity Market Report 2129:Older scenarios include: 784:global energy consumption 561:Deputy Executive Director 104:9, rue de la Fédération, 58: Accession countries 35: 26: 5195:. Oxford, United Kingdom 4682:doi:10.1155/2017/1967645 4147:Oil Change International 4097:Oil Change International 4072:Oil Change International 2572:Creative Commons license 2081:research and development 981:Chairman and CEO of the 6831:World Petroleum Council 6705:China Oilfield Services 5762:Petroleum fiscal regime 5461:Western Canadian Select 5456:West Texas Intermediate 3828:Scott, Richard (1994). 3737:Scott, Richard (1994). 3414:Scott, Richard (1994). 2473:Accuracy of forecasting 2303:World Energy Investment 2182:projections, extensive 742:, and twice in 2022 in 6308:Indian Oil Corporation 5794:Submersible pump (ESP) 5739:Underbalanced drilling 5560:of gasoline and diesel 2999:Türk, Henning (2014). 2397: 2217: 778: 673: 78:; 49 years ago 46: Member countries 6685:Cameron International 6127:Petrodollar recycling 6110:fossil fuel phase-out 5673:Differential sticking 5626:Reflection seismology 5599:Petroleum engineering 5441:OPEC Reference Basket 4998:: 45–47. October 2009 4842:The Energy Collective 3455:Scott, vol. 1, p. 260 3435:"Entry: Lantzke, Ulf" 2652:Nuclear Energy Agency 2391: 2212: 1882:Association countries 777:and reduce emissions. 768: 667: 76:18 November 1974 6582:Occidental Petroleum 5896:1990 oil price shock 5722:Shale oil extraction 5695:Drilling engineering 5678:Directional drilling 5604:Reservoir simulation 5326:World Energy Outlook 5056:. 14 September 2023. 5038:. 18 September 2023. 5020:. BBC. 27 July 2023. 3485:Scott, vol. 4, p. 66 3315:. 12 September 2023. 3194:(18 November 2015). 2791:"Membership – About" 2601:World Energy Outlook 2584:World Economic Forum 2535:wrote in its report 2481:World Energy Outlook 2413:environmental groups 2190:and advice for both 2171:World Energy Outlook 2162:World Energy Outlook 2153:World Energy Outlook 1030:Maria van der Hoeven 712:Château de la Muette 683:World Energy Outlook 6730:Naftiran Intertrade 6675:Amec Foster Wheeler 6602:Reliance Industries 6491:Naftiran Intertrade 6303:Hindustan Petroleum 5901:2000s energy crisis 5125:2021Natur.598....9R 4963:2018ApEn..220..138W 4844:. 27 September 2017 4786:on 24 January 2009. 3655:"Structure – About" 3591:on 20 December 2011 3562:on 12 November 2011 2657:One Watt Initiative 2611:Consensus Economics 2528:The anticorruption 2452:wind power industry 1803:Accession countries 811: 789:In 2021, IEA chief 635:solar photovoltaics 535:Official languages 121:31 member countries 23: 6918:Petroleum politics 6577:Marathon Petroleum 5999:List of oil fields 5609:Reservoir modeling 5367:Petroleum industry 5296:Cunningham, Nick. 5104:(5 October 2021). 4826:. 26 January 2009. 4762:. 12 January 2009. 4746:, Issue 33, p. 93. 4099:. 12 August 2016. 3528:Actu-Environnement 3471:. Washington, DC: 3244:. 16 February 2017 3217:The Economic Times 2980:. Paris: IEA. 2020 2822:. 27 January 2021. 2502:Uppsala University 2436:Energy Watch Group 2398: 2218: 1626:25 September 2008 900:30 September 1994 830:Previous position 821:Country of origin 809: 779: 738:, 2011 during the 674: 606:-based autonomous 566:Mary Burce Warlick 548:Executive Director 6861: 6860: 6839: 6838: 6725:Nabors Industries 6655: 6654: 5853:Well intervention 5828:Petroleum product 5727:Ljungström method 5631:Seismic inversion 5616:Petroleum geology 5570: 5569: 5258:Our World in Data 5193:Our World in Data 3892:www.aljazeera.com 3805:(20 April 2001). 2947:(24 March 2022). 2918:(24 March 2022). 2723:"History – About" 2557:Our World in Data 2537:Heads in the Sand 2330:Energy Efficiency 2285:Energy Efficiency 2277:Gas Market Report 2265:non-OECD states. 2260:Oil Market Report 2246:Global EV Outlook 2213:A 2022 report on 2085:energy efficiency 1800: 1799: 1793:18 November 1974 1772:18 November 1974 1749:18 November 1974 1728:18 November 1974 1707:18 November 1974 1686:18 November 1974 1646:30 November 2007 1585:18 November 1974 1544:18 November 1974 1503:18 November 1974 1462:18 November 1974 1441:18 November 1974 1420:18 November 1974 1359:18 November 1974 1278:18 November 1974 1237:18 November 1974 1216:18 November 1974 1195:18 November 1974 1098: 1097: 1084:1 September 2015 1047:1 September 2011 1013:1 September 2007 941:31 December 2002 775:energy transition 686:, as well as the 647:critical minerals 592: 591: 6950: 6923:Energy economics 6892:Renewable Energy 6890: 6889: 6878: 6877: 6869: 6851: 6850: 6552:Hess Corporation 6273:Bharat Petroleum 6204: 6189: 5876:1967 Oil Embargo 5712:Lost circulation 5550:Posted oil price 5474: 5431:Isthmus-34 Light 5360: 5353: 5346: 5337: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5304: 5293: 5287: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5249: 5243: 5242: 5241: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5218: 5212: 5211: 5210: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5184: 5175: 5174: 5173: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5110: 5098: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5064: 5058: 5057: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5028: 5022: 5021: 5014: 5008: 5007: 5005: 5003: 4991: 4983: 4977: 4976: 4974: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4914: 4908: 4907: 4905: 4903: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4877: 4875: 4860: 4854: 4853: 4851: 4849: 4834: 4828: 4827: 4820: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4809: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4779:. Archived from 4778: 4770: 4764: 4763: 4756: 4747: 4738: 4732: 4731: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4703: 4697: 4692:Konrad Mertens: 4690: 4684: 4674: 4668: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4650: 4648: 4634: 4628: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4609: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4598: 4584: 4578: 4577: 4575: 4573: 4559: 4553: 4552: 4550: 4548: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4509: 4503: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4484: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4456: 4450: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4431: 4425: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4406: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4381: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4331: 4314: 4313: 4311: 4309: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4270: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4245: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4220: 4214: 4207: 4201: 4199: 4197: 4191: 4183: 4174: 4167: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4138: 4132: 4131: 4130:on 16 July 2020. 4129: 4122: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4105: 4094: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4063: 4057: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4037: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4009: 4003: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3984: 3978: 3977: 3975: 3973: 3959: 3953: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3934: 3928: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3876:. 24 March 2022. 3870: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3859: 3845: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3825: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3799: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3734: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3665: 3647: 3630: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3607: 3601: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3581: 3572: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3561: 3554: 3546: 3540: 3539: 3537: 3535: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3497: 3486: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3462: 3456: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3431: 3425: 3424: 3422: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3388: 3317: 3316: 3305: 3299: 3298: 3286: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3162: 3156: 3155: 3153: 3144: 3138: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3068: 3062: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3042: 3031: 3025: 3024: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2912: 2899: 2898: 2896: 2894: 2882: 2876: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2859: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2848: 2833: 2824: 2823: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2783: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2751: 2738: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2715: 2560:their funding". 2521: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2417:renewable energy 2402:renewable energy 2215:renewable energy 2147:Key publications 2054: 2052: 2051: 2041: 2039: 2038: 2028: 2026: 2025: 2015: 2013: 2012: 2002: 2000: 1999: 1989: 1987: 1986: 1976: 1974: 1973: 1963: 1961: 1960: 1950: 1948: 1947: 1937: 1935: 1934: 1924: 1922: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1908: 1898: 1896: 1895: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1861: 1859: 1858: 1848: 1846: 1845: 1835: 1833: 1832: 1822: 1820: 1819: 1796:Founding member 1787: 1785: 1784: 1775:Founding member 1769: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1752:Founding member 1743: 1741: 1740: 1731:Founding member 1722: 1720: 1719: 1710:Founding member 1701: 1699: 1698: 1689:Founding member 1680: 1678: 1677: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1640: 1638: 1637: 1620: 1618: 1617: 1600: 1598: 1597: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1559: 1557: 1556: 1547:Founding member 1538: 1536: 1535: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1506:Founding member 1497: 1495: 1494: 1477: 1475: 1474: 1465:Founding member 1456: 1454: 1453: 1444:Founding member 1435: 1433: 1432: 1423:Founding member 1414: 1412: 1411: 1394: 1392: 1391: 1374: 1372: 1371: 1362:Founding member 1353: 1351: 1350: 1333: 1331: 1330: 1313: 1311: 1310: 1293: 1291: 1290: 1281:Founding member 1272: 1270: 1269: 1258:5 February 2001 1252: 1250: 1249: 1240:Founding member 1231: 1229: 1228: 1219:Founding member 1210: 1208: 1207: 1198:Founding member 1189: 1187: 1186: 1169: 1167: 1166: 1148: 1129:Member countries 1078: 1076: 1075: 1041: 1039: 1038: 1007: 1005: 1004: 975:1 February 2003 969: 967: 966: 938:1 December 1994 932: 930: 929: 891: 889: 888: 853: 851: 850: 812: 795:reduce emissions 724:emergency stocks 688:Net Zero by 2050 588: 583: 580: 578: 522: 521: 520: 509: 508: 507: 496: 495: 494: 483: 482: 481: 470: 469: 468: 457: 456: 455: 444: 443: 442: 431: 430: 429: 418: 417: 416: 405: 404: 403: 392: 391: 390: 379: 378: 377: 366: 365: 364: 353: 352: 351: 340: 339: 338: 327: 326: 325: 314: 313: 312: 301: 300: 299: 288: 287: 286: 275: 274: 273: 262: 261: 260: 249: 248: 247: 236: 235: 234: 223: 222: 221: 210: 209: 208: 197: 196: 195: 184: 183: 182: 171: 170: 169: 158: 157: 156: 145: 144: 143: 132: 131: 130: 86: 84: 79: 57: 51: 45: 40: 31: 24: 6958: 6957: 6953: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6948: 6947: 6898: 6897: 6896: 6884: 6872: 6864: 6862: 6857: 6835: 6789: 6785:John Wood Group 6775:Valaris Limited 6668: 6665: 6662: 6651: 6517:APA Corporation 6505: 6457: 6256: 6253: 6245: 6200: 6197: 6194: 6184: 6178: 6079:Classification 6063: 5986: 5980: 5916:Nationalization 5886:1979 oil crisis 5881:1973 oil crisis 5862: 5848:Water injection 5816:Steam injection 5811:Gas reinjection 5779:Artificial lift 5748: 5690:Drill stem test 5642: 5566: 5513: 5465: 5387: 5369: 5364: 5317: 5312: 5302: 5300: 5295: 5294: 5290: 5280: 5278: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5251: 5250: 5246: 5236: 5228: 5226: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5205: 5198: 5196: 5186: 5185: 5178: 5168: 5161: 5159: 5108: 5102:Ritchie, Hannah 5100: 5099: 5095: 5085: 5083: 5066: 5065: 5061: 5048: 5047: 5043: 5030: 5029: 5025: 5016: 5015: 5011: 5001: 4999: 4989: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4944: 4943: 4939: 4929: 4927: 4916: 4915: 4911: 4901: 4899: 4888: 4887: 4883: 4873: 4871: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4847: 4845: 4836: 4835: 4831: 4822: 4821: 4817: 4807: 4805: 4796: 4795: 4791: 4783: 4776: 4772: 4771: 4767: 4758: 4757: 4750: 4743:Quarterly Essay 4739: 4735: 4719: 4718: 4714: 4705: 4704: 4700: 4691: 4687: 4675: 4671: 4660: 4656: 4646: 4644: 4636: 4635: 4631: 4621: 4619: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4596: 4594: 4586: 4585: 4581: 4571: 4569: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4546: 4544: 4536: 4535: 4531: 4521: 4519: 4511: 4510: 4506: 4496: 4494: 4486: 4485: 4478: 4468: 4466: 4458: 4457: 4453: 4443: 4441: 4433: 4432: 4428: 4418: 4416: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4393: 4391: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4368: 4366: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4343: 4341: 4335:"Areas of work" 4333: 4332: 4317: 4307: 4305: 4297: 4296: 4292: 4282: 4280: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4232: 4230: 4222: 4221: 4217: 4195: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4168: 4161: 4151: 4149: 4140: 4139: 4135: 4127: 4120: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4103: 4092: 4088: 4087: 4083: 4065: 4064: 4060: 4050: 4048: 4039: 4038: 4031: 4021: 4019: 4011: 4010: 4006: 3996: 3994: 3986: 3985: 3981: 3971: 3969: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3946: 3944: 3936: 3935: 3931: 3921: 3919: 3913:"Data overview" 3911: 3910: 3906: 3896: 3894: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3872: 3871: 3867: 3857: 3855: 3847: 3846: 3842: 3834: 3827: 3826: 3822: 3812: 3810: 3801: 3800: 3796: 3786: 3784: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3761: 3759: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3736: 3735: 3698: 3688: 3686: 3678: 3677: 3673: 3663: 3661: 3649: 3648: 3633: 3623: 3621: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3594: 3592: 3583: 3582: 3575: 3565: 3563: 3559: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3533: 3531: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3507: 3505: 3499: 3498: 3489: 3484: 3480: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3454: 3450: 3440: 3438: 3433: 3432: 3428: 3420: 3413: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3320: 3313:Financial Times 3307: 3306: 3302: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3273: 3271: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3236: 3235: 3231: 3221: 3219: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3198: 3190: 3189: 3185: 3175: 3173: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3151: 3146: 3145: 3141: 3131: 3129: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3040: 3033: 3032: 3028: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2983: 2981: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2957: 2955: 2949:"Press release" 2943: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2914: 2913: 2902: 2892: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2869: 2867: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2846: 2844: 2842:Thomson Reuters 2835: 2834: 2827: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2785: 2784: 2773: 2763: 2761: 2753: 2752: 2741: 2731: 2729: 2717: 2716: 2693: 2689: 2684: 2596: 2580: 2553: 2518: 2516: 2508: 2506: 2475: 2440:energy industry 2386: 2381: 2368: 2359: 2350: 2341: 2332: 2321:Country Reviews 2255: 2228:Financial Times 2207: 2206: 2196:energy business 2165: 2149: 2136:decarbonization 2101: 2076: 2064: 2049: 2047: 2036: 2034: 2023: 2021: 2010: 2008: 1997: 1995: 1984: 1982: 1971: 1969: 1958: 1956: 1945: 1943: 1932: 1930: 1919: 1917: 1906: 1904: 1893: 1891: 1884: 1869: 1867: 1856: 1854: 1843: 1841: 1830: 1828: 1817: 1815: 1805: 1782: 1780: 1760: 1758: 1757: 1738: 1736: 1717: 1715: 1696: 1694: 1675: 1673: 1655: 1653: 1635: 1633: 1615: 1613: 1595: 1593: 1574: 1572: 1554: 1552: 1533: 1531: 1513: 1511: 1492: 1490: 1472: 1470: 1451: 1449: 1430: 1428: 1409: 1407: 1389: 1387: 1369: 1367: 1348: 1346: 1328: 1326: 1308: 1306: 1288: 1286: 1267: 1265: 1247: 1245: 1226: 1224: 1205: 1203: 1184: 1182: 1164: 1162: 1131: 1123: 1103: 1073: 1071: 1050:31 August 2015 1036: 1034: 1016:31 August 2011 1002: 1000: 978:31 August 2007 964: 962: 927: 925: 886: 884: 848: 846: 807: 696: 619:1973 oil crisis 575: 562: 550: 536: 529: 518: 516: 505: 503: 492: 490: 479: 477: 466: 464: 453: 451: 440: 438: 427: 425: 414: 412: 401: 399: 388: 386: 375: 373: 362: 360: 349: 347: 336: 334: 323: 321: 310: 308: 297: 295: 284: 282: 271: 269: 258: 256: 245: 243: 232: 230: 219: 217: 206: 204: 193: 191: 180: 178: 167: 165: 154: 152: 141: 139: 128: 126: 123: 122: 115: 82: 80: 77: 60: 59: 55: 53: 49: 47: 43: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6956: 6954: 6946: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6900: 6899: 6895: 6894: 6882: 6859: 6858: 6856: 6855: 6844: 6841: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6834: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6797: 6795: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6671: 6669: 6660: 6657: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6622:Surgutneftegas 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6542:Eneos Holdings 6539: 6534: 6532:ConocoPhillips 6529: 6524: 6522:Cenovus Energy 6519: 6513: 6511: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6488: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6467: 6465: 6463:Energy trading 6459: 6458: 6456: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6380: 6375: 6370: 6365: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6259: 6257: 6250: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6212: 6210: 6201: 6192: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6177: 6176: 6175: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6149: 6147:Swing producer 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6118: 6117: 6112: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6091: 6090: 6085: 6077: 6071: 6069: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6019:Gulf of Mexico 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5990: 5988: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5906:2010s oil glut 5903: 5898: 5893: 5891:1980s oil glut 5888: 5883: 5878: 5872: 5870: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5819: 5818: 5813: 5803: 5798: 5797: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5776: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5758: 5756: 5750: 5749: 5747: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5730: 5729: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5708: 5707: 5700:Drilling fluid 5697: 5692: 5687: 5686: 5685: 5675: 5670: 5669: 5668: 5658: 5652: 5650: 5644: 5643: 5641: 5640: 5638:Seismic source 5635: 5634: 5633: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5612: 5611: 5606: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5580: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5568: 5567: 5565: 5564: 5563: 5562: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5480: 5478: 5471: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5436:Japan Cocktail 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5397: 5395: 5389: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5383:Primary energy 5380: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5365: 5363: 5362: 5355: 5348: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5316: 5315:External links 5313: 5311: 5310: 5288: 5263: 5244: 5213: 5176: 5093: 5059: 5041: 5023: 5009: 4995:Global Witness 4978: 4951:Applied Energy 4937: 4909: 4881: 4870:. 4 March 2014 4855: 4829: 4815: 4789: 4765: 4748: 4733: 4712: 4698: 4685: 4669: 4662:Felix Creutzig 4654: 4629: 4604: 4579: 4554: 4529: 4504: 4476: 4451: 4426: 4401: 4376: 4351: 4315: 4290: 4265: 4240: 4215: 4175: 4159: 4133: 4109: 4081: 4058: 4029: 4004: 3979: 3954: 3929: 3904: 3879: 3865: 3840: 3820: 3794: 3769: 3744: 3696: 3671: 3631: 3602: 3573: 3541: 3515: 3487: 3478: 3457: 3448: 3426: 3406: 3318: 3300: 3281: 3270:. 16 June 2022 3255: 3229: 3204: 3183: 3157: 3139: 3121:(3 May 2022). 3110: 3083:(4): 929–951. 3063: 3049: 3026: 2991: 2965: 2936: 2900: 2877: 2854: 2825: 2807: 2771: 2739: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2683: 2682: 2677: 2674: 2669: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2608: 2603: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2579: 2576: 2552: 2549: 2533:Global Witness 2474: 2471: 2385: 2382: 2380: 2377: 2367: 2364: 2358: 2355: 2349: 2346: 2340: 2337: 2331: 2328: 2253: 2166: 2158: 2148: 2145: 2144: 2143: 2139: 2127: 2126: 2115: 2112: 2100: 2097: 2075: 2072: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2045: 2032: 2019: 2006: 1993: 1980: 1967: 1954: 1941: 1928: 1915: 1902: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1865: 1852: 1839: 1826: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767:United Kingdom 1754: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1691: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1670: 1669: 1667: 1666:20 April 2001 1664: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1528: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1508: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1487: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1404: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1364: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1343: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1303: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1283: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254:Czech Republic 1242: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1221: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1200: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1179: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1130: 1127: 1122: 1119: 1109:developments. 1102: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1085: 1082: 1069: 1064: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1014: 1011: 998: 993: 989: 988: 986: 979: 976: 973: 960: 955: 951: 950: 948: 942: 939: 936: 934:United Kingdom 923: 921:Robert Priddle 918: 914: 913: 911: 901: 898: 895: 882: 877: 873: 872: 870: 863: 862:31 March 1984 860: 857: 844: 839: 835: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 806: 803: 695: 692: 590: 589: 573: 569: 568: 563: 560: 557: 556: 551: 546: 543: 542: 537: 534: 531: 530: 528: 527: 514: 512:United Kingdom 501: 488: 475: 462: 449: 436: 423: 410: 397: 384: 371: 358: 345: 332: 319: 306: 293: 280: 267: 254: 241: 228: 215: 202: 189: 187:Czech Republic 176: 163: 150: 137: 120: 119: 118: 116: 113: 110: 109: 102: 98: 97: 92: 88: 87: 74: 70: 69: 66: 62: 61: 54: 48: 42: 41: 33: 32: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6955: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6928:Energy policy 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6867: 6854: 6846: 6845: 6842: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6798: 6796: 6792: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6658: 6648: 6647:Valero Energy 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6612:Suncor Energy 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6508: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6391: 6389: 6386: 6384: 6381: 6379: 6376: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6248: 6242: 6241:TotalEnergies 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6205: 6202: 6199: 6190: 6187: 6185:organisations 6183:Companies and 6181: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6154: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6122:Petrocurrency 6120: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6107: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6095:Oil shale gas 6093: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6080: 6078: 6076: 6075:Abbreviations 6073: 6072: 6070: 6066: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6034:Permian Basin 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5983: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5971:United States 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5931:Seven Sisters 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5865: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5780: 5777: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5764: 5763: 5760: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5751: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5706: 5703: 5702: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5684: 5681: 5680: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5667: 5664: 5663: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5645: 5639: 5636: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5601: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5584:Core sampling 5582: 5581: 5579: 5577: 5573: 5561: 5558: 5557: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5475: 5472: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5421:Indian Basket 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5398: 5396: 5394: 5390: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5372: 5368: 5361: 5356: 5354: 5349: 5347: 5342: 5341: 5338: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5318: 5314: 5299: 5292: 5289: 5277: 5273: 5267: 5264: 5259: 5255: 5248: 5245: 5240: 5224: 5217: 5214: 5209: 5194: 5190: 5183: 5181: 5177: 5172: 5158: 5154: 5150: 5146: 5142: 5138: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5094: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5070: 5063: 5060: 5055: 5051: 5045: 5042: 5037: 5033: 5027: 5024: 5019: 5013: 5010: 4997: 4996: 4988: 4982: 4979: 4973: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4941: 4938: 4926: 4925: 4920: 4913: 4910: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4885: 4882: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4856: 4843: 4839: 4833: 4830: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4804: 4800: 4793: 4790: 4782: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4761: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4744: 4737: 4734: 4729: 4728: 4723: 4716: 4713: 4708: 4702: 4699: 4695: 4689: 4686: 4683: 4679: 4673: 4670: 4667: 4663: 4658: 4655: 4643: 4639: 4633: 4630: 4618: 4614: 4608: 4605: 4593: 4589: 4583: 4580: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4543: 4539: 4533: 4530: 4518: 4514: 4508: 4505: 4493: 4489: 4483: 4481: 4477: 4465: 4461: 4455: 4452: 4440: 4436: 4430: 4427: 4415: 4411: 4405: 4402: 4390: 4386: 4380: 4377: 4365: 4361: 4355: 4352: 4340: 4336: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4316: 4304: 4300: 4294: 4291: 4279: 4275: 4269: 4266: 4254: 4250: 4244: 4241: 4229: 4225: 4219: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4206: 4188: 4182: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4164: 4160: 4148: 4144: 4137: 4134: 4126: 4119: 4113: 4110: 4102: 4098: 4091: 4085: 4082: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4062: 4059: 4046: 4042: 4036: 4034: 4030: 4018: 4014: 4008: 4005: 3993: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3968: 3964: 3958: 3955: 3943: 3939: 3933: 3930: 3918: 3914: 3908: 3905: 3893: 3889: 3883: 3880: 3875: 3869: 3866: 3854: 3850: 3844: 3841: 3833: 3832: 3824: 3821: 3808: 3804: 3798: 3795: 3783: 3779: 3773: 3770: 3758: 3754: 3748: 3745: 3740: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3719: 3717: 3715: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3697: 3685: 3681: 3675: 3672: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3636: 3632: 3619: 3618: 3613: 3606: 3603: 3590: 3586: 3580: 3578: 3574: 3558: 3551: 3545: 3542: 3529: 3525: 3519: 3516: 3503: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3488: 3482: 3479: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3461: 3458: 3452: 3449: 3436: 3430: 3427: 3419: 3418: 3410: 3407: 3394: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3355: 3353: 3351: 3349: 3347: 3345: 3343: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3319: 3314: 3310: 3304: 3301: 3296: 3292: 3285: 3282: 3269: 3265: 3259: 3256: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3230: 3218: 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