Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

3380:, which reports extensively on the OIF and its summits, remarked that several members of this "merry madhouse" that the OIF had become did not even recognise Kosovo as a country. The “endless enlargement” of the Organisation accelerated following the arrival at the head of the OIF of former UN Secretary General Boutros-Ghali who declared early in his term in 1998 that French being in his opinion the language of solidarity, tolerance, respect for the individual, cultural diversity, universality and openness, the OIF needed to open itself to non francophones. The motivation of small and mid-size countries in joining the organisation appears to be a desire to increase their international visibility. In October 2018, the Irish Minister of State for European Affairs explained that Ireland's accession to the OIF with observer status was one of the steps set out in 'Global Ireland', the Government's initiative to double the scope and impact of Ireland's global footprint in the period to 2025. 2910:(APF) are to represent to the French-speaking authorities, the interests of the French-speaking communities, to promote the democracy, the rule of law and the respect of human rights. Furthermore, it follows the execution by the operators of the Francophonie of action plans elaborated by the Conference of the members using French as a common language It also favours the cooperation and strengthens the solidarity within the French-speaking communities, mainly towards the parliaments of the South. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Francophonie is constituted by member sections representing 77 parliaments or interparliamentary organizations. The Secretary General is the French senator 2675:, and to accept membership applications from Costa Rica, Mexico and Kosovo as observers of La Francophonie. Resolutions were passed on Maternal, Newborn and Child Health; the Ongoing Ebola Virus Epidemic in West Africa and the Risks of It Spreading through the Francophonie; Crisis Situations, Crisis Recovery and Peacebuilding in La Francophonie; Terrorism; the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions; Education and Training of Women and Youth in the Digital Age; Financial and Banking Education; Counterfeit Drugs and Medical Products; and the Promotion of Sustainable Tourism in Small Island Developing States. 3384:

training, youth, gender equality, civil society — bringing a fundamental shift from the cultural to the political sphere. Jacques Legendre, the French senate's rapporteur on the Francophonie, expressed his concern that the OIF was becoming "a second-rate duplicate of the General Assembly of the UN". Many actors of the francophone sphere interested in the future of the organisation, including Former French ministers or secretaries of state for the Francophonie such as Pierre-André Wiltzer and Jean-Baptiste Lemoyne, have been calling on the OIF to refocus on its fundamentals: language and culture.

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achievements of the Francophonie. It provides wide access to original television programmes in French, and contributes to the development of the language and French-speaking cultures. It broadcasts the different forms of the French language spoken around the world, with all their accents. It reaches beyond native speakers of French; the majority of those who can receive it and part of its audience comprise viewers for whom French is not the mother tongue. Thanks to subtitles in various languages, it provides access to the Francophonie to non-French speakers - it is translated into 12 languages.

3376:, expressed concern that the enlargement of the OIF to countries where French is practically nonexistent risks diluting the effectiveness of the organisation. Despite calls for a moratorium on the admission of new members, each new Sommet de la Francophonie has witnessed the admission of batches of new members that have little, if anything, to do with the French language: Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Dominican Republic, the United Arab Emirates, Estonia and Montenegro in 2010; Qatar and Uruguay in 2012; Mexico, Costa Rica and Kosovo in 2014. On that occasion, the Montreal daily 2597: 901: 475: 5033:"Cette langue porte les plus beaux mots du monde : la solidarité, la tolérance, le respect de la personne humaine, l’attachement à la diversité des cultures. En étant francophones nous sommes par là même universels et cette universalité nous appelle à beaucoup d’exigence car la francophonie est d’abord une école. L’école de la diversité. J’ai toujours voulu penser le français comme une langue non alignée, comme une langue d’ouverture, comme une langue qui nous donne accès au grand large. C’est pourquoi nous devons aussi nous ouvrir aux non francophones." 1988: 415: 2554: 947: 460: 64: 1242: 1941: 644: 355: 1928: 234: 2836:

influence of French speakers; (2) the use of French; (3) cultural and linguistic diversity; (4) the OIF as a space for peace, stability, democracy, and human rights; and (5) the OIF as a hub for cooperation and innovation. French President Macron emphasised 3 areas to support "the ambition for the French language and multilingualism", which were: (1) learning; (2) communicating; and (3) creating. Louise Mushikiwabo was re-elected as Secretary General.

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the operating agencies' activities on the five major cooperation programs of La Francophonie: (1) freedom, democracy and development; (2) culture and communications; (3) knowledge and progress; (4) economics and development; and (5) La Francophonie in the world. This summit also underscored the promotion of cultural diversity as more legitimate and necessary than ever, ascribing it a role in promoting peace.

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in Africa, the promotion of gender equality, the empowerment of women and girls, the prevention of extremism, and the vocational and technical training, energy, the promotion of linguistic diversity, the situation of children, local development, environment, dialogue between cultures as a factor of sustainable development, road safety and the blue economy. Canadian prime minister

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development of the French language and to the promotion of the diverse languages and cultures of its members, while encouraging mutual understanding between them and the Francophonie. For this reason, it is a place of exchange and dialogue and its simultaneous in Francophone countries. The Agency's headquarters are in Paris and it has three regional branches in

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Their job is to facilitate Francophone multilateral cooperation and to ensure that programs and activities of all operating agencies work in harmony. The Secretary General carries out their four-year mandate under the authority of the three main institutions of the Francophonie: the Summits, the Ministerial Conference and the Permanent Council.

3444:'s lamentable track record on human rights. "How will the Francophonie be able to promote freedom of the press, as part of its mission of advocating for human rights, if it's headed by one of the key leaders of a country that's trampled on media freedom and repressed journalists for 18 years?" asked Christophe Deloire, secretary general of 1597:(often capitalized in English), also refers to the global community of French-speaking peoples, comprising a network of private and public organizations promoting equal ties among countries where French or Belgian people or France or Belgium played a significant historical role, culturally, militarily, or politically. 2465:

henceforth defines its four main missions: (1) promoting the French language and cultural and linguistic diversity; (2) promoting peace, democracy and human rights; (3) supporting education, training, higher education and research and (4) developing cooperation to ensure sustainable development and solidarity.

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of the member countries, chaired by the General Secretary of the Francophonie and under the authority of the Ministerial Conference, its main task is to plan Summits. This conference also supervises the execution of the Summit decisions made by the ministerial conferences on a day-to-day basis, about

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The Ministerial Conference of the Francophonie gathers the foreign or francophone affairs ministers of member states and governments every year to ensure the political continuity of the Summit. This conference ensures that the decisions made during the previous Summits are carried out and to plan the

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The summit's main theme was youth. Two secondary themes, the economy and new technologies, were also discussed. In Moncton, the heads of state and government also decided to hold three sectoral conferences in preparation for the following summit: (1) a symposium assessing democratic practices, rights

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Summit agreed to create the position of Secretary General and transform the Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation (ACCT) into the Intergovernmental Agency of La Francophonie (AIF) and to establish the position of chief executive to manage it. The heads of state and government decided to focus

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The Secretary General of the Francophonie is elected during the Summit, and serves as the spokesperson and the official representative internationally of the political actions of the Francophonie. The Secretary General is responsible for proposing priority areas for multilateral Francophonie actions.

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1999 Francophonie Summit in Moncton, Canada, when Canadian dailies loudly denounced the organisation's silence regarding widespread human rights abuses by member states ruled by "tyrants". It was pointed out that no less than 35 member states of the OIF had been accused of human rights violations by

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41 countries and governments were represented. The conference was an effort to establish ongoing consultations on major issues of the day. It affirmed the role of the French language as a modern tool for progress and intercultural dialogue and sought to convey Francophone solidarity through concrete

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The Francophonie is committed to working towards sustainable development by supporting the improvement of economic governance, capacity building, cooperation and the search for common positions in major international negotiations. It's necessary to manage durably the natural resources, particularly

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The International Organization of the Francophonie aims at connecting the various peoples using French as a common language through their knowledge. Education, like access to autonomy and information for all, begins with all children having access to a full primary education free of any inequality.

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The theme of the summit was “Shared Growth and Responsible Development: Conditions for Stability Around the World and within the Francophonie". The Summit addressed crisis and consolidation of peace in the Francophone world including questions of security and responding to Daesh and its affiliates

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The theme of the summit was “La Francophonie, Economic and Environment Issues in the face of Global Governance”. Resolutions were passed on (1) the situation in Mali; (2) the situation in the DRC; (3) piracy in the Gulf of Guinea; (4) good governance of the extractive and forest industries; and (5)

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The main theme of the summit was "Dialogue of Cultures". Issues relating to the Middle East were addressed. The heads of state and government made a commitment to implement the Bamako Declaration on democracy, good governance and human rights. The summit also indicated support for UNESCO's cultural

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Revised Charter was implemented and Boutros Boutros-Ghali was appointed the first secretary general. The summit's main theme was economic cooperation, however the Heads of State and Government also agreed to focus their efforts on peace and conflict prevention in member countries. In addition, they

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Human rights and fundamental freedoms, despite having been declared "categorical imperatives" by Secretary General Boutros-Ghali in 1998, are routinely abused by many members states of the OIF. The deplorable track record of many OIF member states regarding human rights came to the fore during the

3120:. Every year the association coordinates the day of French language within International Organisations. It also organizes seminaries to increase awareness about the importance of linguistic, cultural and conceptual diversity. The president is the French international civil servant Dominique Hoppe. 2153:

Established areas of cooperation and the strengthening of solidarity among the countries and governments that participated in the Paris Summit. La Francophonie's priority areas were confirmed as agriculture, energy, scientific and technological development, language, communication and culture. The

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It involves an integrated approach of teaching and training from primary to secondary school that will lead to employment. Education policies must also give French an integral place alongside the partner languages. Last, the research potential of French-language academic streams must be promoted.

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Francophonie where they discuss international politics, world economy, French-speaking cooperation, human rights, education, culture and democracy. Actions of the International Organization of the Francophonie are scheduled over a period of four years and funded by contributions from its members.

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with an initial group of 20 founder-cities. It is an operating agency for urban development gathering 48 countries or governments. The goal is to establish close cooperation in all areas of municipal activities. Its missions are to strengthen local democracy, building municipal capacities, and to

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French President Macron's surprise announcement in May 2018 that France officially backed the nomination of Louise Mushikiwabo, Rwanda's longtime foreign minister, as the next secretary general of the OIF was seen by many as a setback for the defense and promotion of human rights. An open letter

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Held as part of the 400th anniversary celebration of the founding of Quebec City. The world financial and food crises were discussed and environmental talks were held. Heads of state and government expressed their support for the initiative to hold a global summit on the financial crisis and the

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The summit's main theme was “Information Technologies in Education”. The heads of state and government passed five resolutions on (1) the Global Digital Solidarity Fund; (2) dumping of toxic waste in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; (3) international migration and development; (4) the positioning of a UN

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The summit's main theme was "La Francophonie: A Space of Solidarity for Sustainable Development". A ministerial conference on conflict prevention and human security was held concurrently in St. Boniface, Manitoba, and adopted the very first ten-year strategic framework for La Francophonie, which

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The membership of the OIF has climbed from 21 in 1970 to 88 member states and territories in 2018. This sharp increase in the number of member states, many of whom have little to no connection with the French language and culture, has been a matter of growing concern. In their 1996 study on the

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Summit was scheduled for 2020, the 50th anniversary of the OIF, but it was delayed. Its objective was to become a "space for solidarity that is better governed, more inclusive, digital, innovative, sustainable and prosperous for its people" by 2030. This was to be achieved by promoting: (1) the

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Based on the sharing of the French language, the missions of this new intergovernmental organization are the promotion of the cultures of its members and the intensification of the cultural and technical cooperation between them, as well as the solidarity and the connection between them through

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Following the arrival of Boutros-Ghali, the OIF had also seen a steady increase in the number of its missions and priority action areas — peace and conflict prevention, human rights, democracy, international cooperation, sustainable development, cultural and linguistic diversity, education and

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is the first international French language television network, available in many countries. On television and online the audience of TV5Monde has grown rapidly. TV5 is one of the three largest television networks in the world (along with the BBC and CNN), and is considered one of the greatest

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Issues discussed included climate change, food and economic crises, and problems related to biodiversity, water and forests. Montreux Declaration on the vision and future of the Francophonie was agreed calling for the organization to take a role in global governance and to support sustainable

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The Summit, the highest authority in the Francophonie, is held every two years and gathers the heads of states and governments of all member states of the OIF around certain themes of discussion. It is chaired by the head of state or government of the host country and this person assumes that

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programme received a financial contribution from the Federal Public Service (FPS) Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation of the Kingdom of Belgium for the years 2013 and 2014 to support the outreach to the francophone world and the promotion of volunteerism via its Online

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In recent years, some participating governments, notably the governments of Canada and Quebec, pushed for the adoption of a Charter in order for the organization to sanction member States that are known to have poor records when it comes to the protection of human rights and the practice of

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The International Organization of the Francophonie leads political actions and multilateral cooperation according to the missions drawn by the Summits of the Francophonie. The Summits gather the Heads of states and governments of the member countries of the International Organization of the

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The Agency of the Francophonie is the main operator of the cultural, scientific, technical, economic and legal cooperation programs decided at the Summits. It is also the legal seat of the Secretary General and is used by him as an administrative support. The agency also contributes to the

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and to also support French language and education. Resolutions were passed on: (1) piracy; (2) counterfeit or expired pharmaceuticals; (3) transborder crime in Africa; (4) terrorism; (5) flood-affected countries; (6) the reconstruction of Haiti; (7) countries in crisis, crisis recovery and

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The Francophonie intends to contribute significantly to promoting peace, democracy and support for the rule of law and human rights by focusing on prevention. Political stability and full rights for all, the subject of the Bamako declaration, are considered key to sustainable development.

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as systematically violating freedom of the press. Prime Minister Chrétien and President Chirac felt compelled to declare at the close of the summit that a human rights observatory would be established to tackle the problem. Given that during his 12-year tenure, President Chirac, dubbed

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The Francophonie has chosen to provide its member countries with access to the expertise of its extensive intergovernmental, institutional, academic and non-governmental network with a view to building national capacities, resolving conflict and providing support for ending crises.

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signed by four former French ministers for international cooperation condemned this move, on one hand because it was taken unilaterally by the French president without consultation with the other member states of the organisation and on the other because it disregarded President

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responsibility until the next summit. By enabling the heads of state and government to hold a dialogue on all international issues of the day, the summit serves to develop strategies and goals of the Francophonie so as to ensure the organisation's influence on the world scene.

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Nearly 50 countries and governments from all five continents attended. The Ministerial Conference of La Francophonie and the Permanent Council of La Francophonie were created, and the role of the ACCT as the secretariat of all of the organization's institutions was confirmed.

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There had been a consensus at the Kinshasa Summit (2012), that the enlargement of the OIF should be restricted and several members even called for a total stop but they were ignored. Christian Rioux, "Faut-il encore élargir la Francophonie?", Le Devoir, Montreal, 26 November

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The Francophonie has been a pioneer in terms of the recognition of cultural diversity and dialogue of cultures. It must find ways of confronting the trend towards uniformity that accompanies globalization and fostering the preservation and development of cultural diversity.

3194:. It directs the capacities of the managers and trainers to the action and the exercise of responsibilities in certain domains for the development: the project management, the financial institutions, the environment, the nutrition-health and of the cultural heritage. The 3275: 3368:

Francophone space, linguists Daniel Baggioni and Roland Breton pointed out, alluding to the applications of Bulgaria and Angola to join the OIF, that only politico-diplomatic criteria could explain these odd extensions of the OIF. Xavier Deniau, founder of the

5051: 6232: 2774:'s personal choice. This unilateral decision by the French President was strongly criticized by four former French cabinet members responsible for the francophonie dossier who also criticized the deplorable human rights record of Rwanda under 2503:

force in the Central African Republic; and (5) climate change. The Ministerial Conference of La Francophonie approved a guide on the use of the French language in international organizations. Abdou Diouf was re-elected for a four-year term.

1632:. Starting as a small group of French-speaking countries, the Francophonie has since evolved into a global organization whose numerous branches cooperate with its member states in the fields of culture, science, economy, justice, and peace. 5914: 3568: 2427:

diversity principle that entrenches the right of states and governments to maintain, establish and develop policies in support of culture and cultural diversity. Senegal's former president Abdou Diouf was elected Secretary General.

3498: 6272: 6252: 3286:. Maintaining the relative importance of the status of French is an imperative that requires solidarity and the pooling of means and resources among countries committed to the French language within their respective societies. 6310: 6277: 6287: 6282: 6267: 6257: 6237: 6227: 6247: 6242: 6222: 6292: 6262: 2584:

peacebuilding and finally, (8) the 10th anniversary of the Bamako Declaration, entrenching the political role of La Francophonie. The Summit also confirmed the re-election of Abdou Diouf for a third four-year term.

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Its mission is to contribute to the construction and consolidation of a scientific space in French. It supports the French language, cultural and linguistic diversity, law and democracy, and the environment and

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At the national level, there is the problem of promoting the French language within the context of its co-existence with other partner or international languages in most member countries, especially in

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and freedoms in the French-speaking world, to be held in Bamako, Mali; (2) a ministerial conference on culture in Cotonou, Benin; and (3) the first Women of La Francophonie conference in Luxembourg.

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regularly organizes seminaries to help its students and of the public specialized in the domains of its action, by collaborating with the other operators and the institutions of the Francophonie.

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Institute of Energy and Environment of La Francophonie, based in Quebec City, and the Francophone Business Forum, a non-governmental organization of French-speaking business people, were created.

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The primary mission of the organization is the promotion of the French language as an international language and the promotion of worldwide cultural and linguistic diversity in the era of

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reform of the international economic system. They also pointed out that the financial crisis should not overshadow the food crisis and be resolved at the expense of developing countries.

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For example at the Beyrouth Summit (2002), when Louise Beaudoin, Minister of international relations of Quebec called for tightening the admission criteria to the OIF. Christian Rioux,

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The Francophonie project ceaselessly evolved since the creation of the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation, it became the intergovernmental Agency of the Francophonie (

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Glasze, Georg (2007): "The Discursive Constitution of a World-spanning Region and the Role of Empty Signifiers: the Case of Francophonia." In: Geopolitics (12)4: 656–679. (pdf:

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support the populations. The association pursues its actions in the domains of health, culture, youth and education, urban development, training, and municipal infrastructures.

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The organization comprises 88 member states and governments; of these, 54 states and governments are full members, 7 are associate members and 27 are observers. The term

6575: 3463: 4273: 3933: 5868: 4074: 3458: 2192: 1712: 1646: 1102: 3010:'s membership was suspended in April 2009 due to an unconstitutional transfer of power on 17 March 2009. Mali's membership was also suspended in March 2012 due to a 3483: 6570: 1284: 6860: 6582: 6117: 5237: 5863: 3964: 2907: 1064: 1048: 4537: 4024: 3986: 3894: 3436:

noted at the time that if respect for fundamental freedoms was to become a criterion for membership in the OIF, the organisation would simply cease to exist.

6728: 3702: 3518: 5163: 4105: 6492: 6167: 5909: 4135: 6850: 6695: 6315: 6132: 4506: 4166: 4328: 4218: 63: 6870: 5989: 5352: 4617: 1517: 6865: 5093: 1743:, became Secretary General on January 1, 2003. He was reelected on 29 September 2006, for a second mandate during the Summit of the Francophonie of 1627: 1268: 6029: 5873: 4761: 4472: 3573: 3344:

the energy and the water, and politics are established to make sure of the conservation of these resources with effective anti-poverty campaigns.

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as the principal operating agency and the key instrument of La Francophonie as a multilateral organization. During the summit, French President

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was granted observer status. The summit adopted declarations on the organisation's budget, equality between men and women, and other issues.

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Meeting agreed to initiatives in education and training, the environment, and legal and judicial cooperation and confirmed the role of the

4046: 3023: 4587: 4560: 4188: 5299: 4951: 2718: 1850: 4926: 4843: 3772: 6049: 3684: 4377: 3027: 3003: 1650:) was signed on 20 March 1970 by the representatives of the 21 states and governments under the influence of African Heads of State, 5186: 3874: 3178:

The project of creating a French-speaking university in the service of African development was presented and adopted following the

1353: 75: 5459: 5076: 5044:"October - Ireland granted Observer Status at the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie - Department of Foreign Affairs" 3798: 3749: 2346: 480: 6611: 6407: 1381: 4466:"L'Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) suspend la Thaïlande et réintègre la Guinée-Bissau dans ses instances" 3921: 6554: 6064: 6041: 6021: 5924: 5899: 4735: 3503: 3473: 1343: 5604: 4448: 4248: 906: 6720: 5345: 4790: 4394: 3011: 1910: 1510: 1448: 1320: 6054: 6747: 6059: 5655: 3548: 3533: 3117: 1677:) in 1998 to remind its intergovernmental status. Finally in 2005, the adoption of a new Charter of the Francophonie ( 255: 5229: 1651: 6773: 6616: 6537: 6470: 6463: 6458: 6069: 6005: 4529: 4420: 3956: 3898: 3758: 3098: 1974: 1756: 4016: 3706: 6606: 6074: 5155: 4097: 3656: 3538: 3445: 3398: 3348: 3270:. In this regard, countries that are members of the Francophonie have contributed largely to the adoption by the 3053:

The International Organization of the Francophonie relies on five operating agencies to carry out its mandate: l’

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Leaders importance of economic issues, calling for increased cooperation among Francophone business communities.

1914: 4127: 6626: 6621: 6104: 5444: 5338: 5321:, a social network for Francophiles, Francophones and those learning French (features articles and interviews). 3015: 1503: 1390: 1293: 420: 4498: 4158: 3419: 3314:, the Francophonie has given itself the financial means to attain a number of set objectives in that regard. 17: 6682: 6666: 6487: 6127: 5904: 3578: 3468: 3299: 3110: 4621: 1613: 6482: 5894: 5727: 3513: 3267: 2894: 2705: 2233: 2196: 2108: 1409: 1175: 3045:

has one of the largest French-speaking communities in the world, it is not a member of the organisation.

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withdrew its application for observer status after its bid was opposed due to criticisms of the lack of

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announced the cancellation of the debt of thirty-five African countries to France. The establishment of

1813: 1724: 1358: 465: 4876: 4765: 4465: 3493: 3113:. It also provides an important mobility program for the students, the researchers and the professors. 3066: 3065:(AIMF); l'Association des Fonctionnaires Francophones des Organisations Internationales (AFFOI); and l’ 1987: 4687: 6658: 6519: 6509: 6504: 6084: 5701: 3423: 3211: 2857: 1453: 5122: 2659:

The summit's main theme was “Women and Youth in La Francophonie: Agents for Peace and Development”.

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of Burkina Faso "personal friends", nothing came out of this declaration. The French daily

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on 26–27 November 2004 saw the adoption of a strategic framework for the period 2004–2014.

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gathers institutions of higher education and research among the Francophone countries of

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Michaëlle Jean sought a second four-year term as Secretary-General but was defeated by

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defines the role and missions of the organization. The current charter was adopted in

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in English) is an international organization representing countries and regions where

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L'Assemblée des Francophones Fonctionnaires des Organisations Internationales (AFFOI)

3019: 3002:'s membership was suspended on 26 August 2008, pending democratic elections, after a 2664: 2614: 1573: 617: 376: 3987:"Trudeau to discuss LGBTQ rights at la Francophonie summit in Madagascar | The Star" 2961: 109: 5414: 3621: 3528: 3307: 3276:

Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions

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resolved to cooperate with the international community in protecting human rights.

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La Francophonie: History, Structure, Organisation, and Philosophical Underpinnings

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Its mission is to support the French language and the linguistic diversity within

1681:) gives the name to the Agency of international Organisation of the Francophonie ( 4445: 4329:"Legault confirms his attendance at the Francophonie Summit in France in October" 3957:"Trudeau visits Madagascar for la Francophonie summit of French-speaking nations" 6674: 6650: 6640: 6152: 5817: 5619: 5599: 5519: 3508: 3441: 3234: 3141: 3035: 2775: 2524: 2448: 2184: 2137: 1869: 1736: 1577: 1486: 952: 890: 649: 4794: 6712: 5792: 5787: 5681: 5614: 5554: 5544: 5534: 5439: 4398: 3553: 3415: 3187: 3090: 3034:

became the first US state to join, as an observer. In 2021, the government of

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List of international organisations which have French as an official language

3326:

democracy. Such a measure was debated at least twice but was never approved.

2873:

The theme of the summit is "creating, innovating and undertaking in French".

1853:(1977, 1978–1979), Minister of State for Foreign Affairs of Egypt (1977–1991) 5777: 5772: 5717: 5559: 3685:"88 États et gouvernements – Organisation internationale de la Francophonie" 3377: 3303: 3102: 3031: 2795: 2486: 1751:

for another mandate which ran until 31 December 2014. At the 2014 summit in

1744: 1576:

or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are

761: 4499:"Louisiana joins international organization of French-speaking governments" 4159:"Louisiana joins international organization of French-speaking governments" 3824:"Canada's Michaelle Jean chosen to lead organisation of Francophone states" 3410:, had confided more than once that Africa was not ready for multipartism ( 6079: 5919: 5843: 5812: 5807: 5474: 5469: 5429: 5424: 5409: 3432: 3254:

Supporting education, training, higher education and scientific research.

3128: 3078: 3058: 2885:

next Summit. It also recommends new members and observers to the Summit.

2622:

crisis situations, crisis recovery and peacebuilding in La Francophonie.

2605: 2562: 1748: 510: 495: 345: 330: 284: 4424: 3721:"Welcome to the International Organisation of La Francophonie's website" 2663:

was elected Secretary-General. Heads of State and Government readdmited

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The International Association of French-speaking Mayors was created in

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Espace Francophone pour la Recherche, le Développement et l'Innovation

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was suspended at the 88th session of the CPF (March 2012), as well as

2794:

was promoted from associate to full membership. The American state of

5802: 5782: 5767: 5762: 5696: 5691: 5665: 5594: 5569: 5504: 5499: 5489: 5434: 5303: 4189:"La Francophonie summit closes in Yerevan - Xinhua | English.news.cn" 3283: 3271: 3215: 3086: 2819: 2763: 2410: 1641: 1093: 875: 793: 601: 586: 555: 391: 360: 3026:. Thailand, an observer nation, was suspended in 2014 following the 5230:"France backs controversial Rwandan candidate to head Francophonie" 4303:"Portail de l'Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)" 2957:

Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

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which created the Agency for Cultural and Technical Co-operation (

1601: 1112: 843: 633: 570: 540: 269: 152: 90: 30:"Francosphere" redirects here. For the French-speaking world, see 5271:

Milhaud, Olivier (2006): "Post-Francophonie?". EspacesTemps.net.

5123:

La presse canadienne fait assaut de critiques sur la Francophonie

5072:"un doublon médiocre de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations-Unies", 2786:

in the country and concerns over the disappearance of journalist

1747:, and elected again in 2010 at the Summit of the Francophonie of 5624: 5549: 5524: 5449: 5327:

is the assembly of French speaking international civil servants.

5311: 5289: 4471:. Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. 27 June 2014. 4302: 3799:"Former governor general Michaëlle Jean to lead la Francophonie" 3652:

L'Institut de l’énergie et de l'environnement de la Francophonie

3248:

Promoting French language and cultural and linguistic diversity.

2936: 2898:

the examination of the propositions of the budget distribution.

2672: 1580:(French speakers), or where there is a notable affiliation with 1210: 968: 729: 664: 435: 6428: 6199: 6156: 5978: 5334: 4618:"1e Journée du français dans les Organisations internationales" 3244:

The four missions drawn by the Summit of the Francophonie are:

4530:"La Nouvelle-Écosse demandera le statut d'observateur à l'OIF" 1762:

was chosen to lead the organization starting in January 2015.

3330:

Supporting education, training, higher education and research

4249:"Djerba Summit: defining new ambitions for the Francophonie" 3397:, while 15 member states were among the countries listed by 4683: 4643: 3363:

Proliferation of non-Francophone member states and missions

3302:, the Francophonie has as its stated aims the promotion of 1702:

was created in 1997 at the seventh leaders' summit held in

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Countries by the number of recognized official languages

6218:

Countries by the number of recognized official languages

5324: 4098:"Saudi Arabia withdraws bid to join Francophonie group" 3664: 3897:. International.gc.ca. 18 January 2013. Archived from 3855: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3564:

List of countries where French is an official language

3124:

TV5Monde, the French-speaking international television

3038:

announced its intention to apply for observer status.

2893:

The Permanent Council of the Francophonie gathers the

6771: 2037:

Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Rwanda

6090:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

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Marie Verdier, "La francophonie en pleine errance",

3504:

Journée internationale de la Francophonie (March 20)

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http://www.senat.fr/rap/r16-436/r16-4366.html#toc46

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Disregard for human rights and fundamental freedoms

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International Association of French-speaking Mayors

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Its 4818:"Organisation internationale de la Francophonie" 3152:, then the respective mayors of Quebec City and 2579:development, food security and biodiversity and 3372:(now the Parliamentary assembly) and author of 3257:Expand cooperation for sustainable development. 1145:28,223,185 km (10,897,033 sq mi) 6836:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 6138:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 5362:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 5300:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4949:La "francophonie" : définitions et usages 4867: 4865: 4446:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4354:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 4307:Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie 3412:l'Afrique n'est pas mûre pour le multipartisme 1718:Agence intergouvernementale de la Francophonie 1683:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 1675:Agence intergouvernementale de la Francophonie 1534:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 6702:Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa 6168: 5990: 5869:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 5346: 4384:, Radio France Internationale, 27 August 2008 3860:Structure and institutions of La Francophonie 3459:Agence de coopération culturelle et technique 3073:Association of Francophone Universities (AUF) 2193:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 1713:Agence de coopération culturelle et technique 1647:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 1511: 18:International Organization of la Francophonie 8: 6729:International Organization of Turkic Culture 4785: 4783: 4455:. Francophonie.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-12. 3922:"Francophonie Summit Welcomes COP22 Outcome" 3619: 3519:Geographical distribution of French speakers 3484:Conseil international de la langue française 3251:Promoting peace, democracy and human rights. 1625: 1588: 1562: 1532: 1121: 96: 45: 5910:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 4923:"UNV Online Volunteering service, Partners" 3626:is the name of the "French-speaking world". 1716:from 1989 until the formal creation of the 1694:Executive Secretariat (Secretaries-General) 6846:International organisations based in Paris 6696:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 6436: 6425: 6311:Countries and capitals in native languages 6207: 6196: 6175: 6161: 6153: 6133:Community of Portuguese Language Countries 6036: 5997: 5983: 5975: 5864:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 5374: 5353: 5339: 5331: 3233:, on 23 November 2005. The summit held in 2908:Parliamentary Assembly of the Francophonie 2203:in Alexandria, Egypt, was also agreed to. 1518: 1504: 1279: 108: 38: 6856:United Nations General Assembly observers 6841:French-speaking countries and territories 3478:Journée internationale de la Francophonie 2062: 1768: 6778: 5874:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 5141:Christian Rioux, "La Franco... quoi?", 5132:Agence France-Presse, 1 September 1999. 5011:, Le Devoir, Montreal, 1 December 2014. 4988:, Le Devoir, Montreal, 17 October 2002. 4589:La Francophonie dans le Monde 2006-2007 4562:La Francophonie dans le Monde 2006-2007 4070: 4068: 3639: 3591: 3574:List of French possessions and colonies 3339:Cooperation for sustainable development 3083:Association of Francophone Universities 3055:Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie 1847:Secretary-General of the United Nations 1722:Secretary-General of the United Nations 1466: 1433: 1366: 1333: 1300: 1265: 1173: 1163: 1148: 1138: 1133: 1080: 181: 103:"Equality, complementarity, solidarity" 5185:Raverdy, Quentin (26 September 2019). 5156:"Mort de Jacques Chirac, "l'Africain"" 4712:. Government of Canada. Archived from 3889: 3887: 3645: 3643: 5240:from the original on 4 September 2019 3955:Crawford, Alison (25 November 2016). 3834:from the original on 27 December 2014 3773:"Journée mondiale de la Francophonie" 3606: 3604: 1554: 1187: 1153: 1108: 1089: 1085: 1060: 1044: 1032: 1028: 7: 6861:International cultural organizations 5197:from the original on 16 October 2021 5166:from the original on 16 October 2021 5104:from the original on 22 October 2020 5054:from the original on 10 October 2021 4971:Christian Rioux, "Franco... quoi?", 4929:from the original on 28 October 2014 4690:from the original on 13 October 2008 4229:from the original on 28 January 2022 4138:from the original on 21 October 2021 4108:from the original on 16 October 2021 4027:from the original on 5 November 2021 3997:from the original on 16 October 2021 3967:from the original on 16 October 2021 3936:from the original on 16 October 2021 3210:The Francophonie flag flying at the 1851:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Egypt 98:Égalité, complémentarité, solidarité 4497:Hasselle, Della (13 October 2018). 4157:Hasselle, Della (13 October 2018). 3703:"Atlas of Canada: The Francophonie" 6316:Country names in various languages 6050:Bank for International Settlements 4650:from the original on 30 April 2013 4620:. francophonie.org. Archived from 4423:. francophonie.org. Archived from 4397:. francophonie.org. Archived from 25: 6851:Organizations established in 1970 4528:Murat, Philippe (28 April 2021). 4509:from the original on 26 July 2020 4478:from the original on 30 June 2015 4169:from the original on 26 July 2020 3920:Staff Writer (27 November 2016). 3687:. 1 November 2018. Archived from 3426:of the Republic of the Congo and 3294:Peace, democracy and human rights 2055:Flags of the Francophonie members 6871:Language education organizations 6781: 5959: 5958: 5460:Democratic Republic of the Congo 4962:, 2006, volume 62, no. 1, p. 97. 3310:. Following the 3 November 2000 3168:Senghor University of Alexandria 2847: 2809: 2736: 2686: 2633: 2602:Democratic Republic of the Congo 2595: 2552: 2514: 2476: 2438: 2400: 2364: 2327: 2289: 2252: 2214: 2165: 2127: 2089: 1999: 1986: 1939: 1926: 1875: 1862: 1819: 1806: 1283: 1240: 1195: 1194: 1007: 992: 977: 961: 945: 930: 915: 899: 883: 868: 853: 836: 819: 802: 786: 770: 754: 739: 722: 705: 689: 673: 657: 642: 626: 610: 594: 579: 563: 548: 533: 518: 503: 488: 473: 458: 443: 428: 413: 398: 385: 370: 353: 338: 323: 308: 292: 277: 262: 249: 232: 217: 202: 186: 74: 62: 6866:Language advocacy organizations 6612:List of Indo-European languages 6408:Languages of the European Union 4670:La Francophonie dans le Monde.. 4540:from the original on 3 May 2021 3160:The association is presided by 6065:International Seabed Authority 5900:International Francophonie Day 4225:(in French). 28 October 2021. 3775:. France Inter. 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Accessed 22 January 2009. 3598:Belgian linguistic community 2116:programs with broad appeal. 1679:la Charte de la Francophonie 1628:liberté, égalité, fraternité 6583:By number of total speakers 6060:International Monetary Fund 6006:International organizations 5656:French Community of Belgium 3534:French in the United States 3118:International Organisations 2770:, who was French President 2721:. The Canadian province of 1593:(with a lowercase "f"), or 256:French Community of Belgium 47:Organisation internationale 6887: 6617:List of Mongolic languages 6070:World Customs Organization 5092:Vif, Le (9 October 2018). 3759:Radio France International 3746:FRANCOPHONIE 18 March 2006 3171: 3099:Central and Eastern Europe 2954: 2918:Agency of the Francophonie 1975:Governor General of Canada 1757:Governor General of Canada 29: 27:International organization 6435: 6424: 6206: 6195: 6075:Inter-Parliamentary Union 5954: 5649:National/regional members 5024:, Paris, 11 October 2018. 4892:"La voix de la diversité" 4881:, accessed on 5 May 2011. 4807:, accessed on 5 May 2011. 4791:"La voix de la diversité" 3539:Franco-Canadian relations 3446:Reporters Without Borders 3399:Reporters Without Borders 3349:United Nations Volunteers 3227:Charte de la Francophonie 3022:on 18 April 2012 for the 2872: 2840: 2834: 2802: 2761: 2729: 2711: 2679: 2658: 2626: 2620: 2588: 2577: 2545: 2539: 2507: 2501: 2469: 2463: 2431: 2425: 2393: 2387: 2358: 2352: 2320: 2314: 2282: 2277: 2245: 2239: 2207: 2190: 2158: 2152: 2120: 2114: 2082: 1915:Prime Minister of Senegal 1779: 1563: 1267:Deliberately alluding to 1263: 1222: 1203: 1130: 1086: 1077: 1035:• Secretary-General 1029: 107: 88: 58: 46: 6627:List of Uralic languages 6622:List of Turkic languages 6543:by country and territory 6105:World Trade Organization 5445:Central African Republic 5128:27 December 2021 at the 5079:9 September 2021 at the 4954:27 December 2021 at the 4595:. Nathan. Archived from 4568:. Nathan. Archived from 4080:27 December 2021 at the 3881:. Accessed on 5 May 2011 3028:2013–14 political crisis 3016:Central African Republic 1782: 1559:, sometimes also called 1382:Articles and determiners 421:Central African Republic 130: Associated members 6683:Three Linguistic Spaces 6667:Commonwealth of Nations 6128:Commonwealth of Nations 5905:Jeux de la Francophonie 5309:(in French and English) 4844:"Déclaration de Bamako" 3579:Three Linguistic Spaces 3469:Jeux de la Francophonie 3300:Commonwealth of Nations 3111:sustainable development 3077:Established in 1961 in 2982: associated member 2976: member (regional) 2970: member (national) 1266: 1170:36/km (93.2/sq mi) 136: Suspended members 5895:UN French Language Day 5728:Bosnia and Herzegovina 5007:Stéphane Baillargeon, 4380:28 August 2008 at the 3877:7 October 2011 at the 3752:6 January 2007 at the 3620: 3514:French colonial empire 3352:Volunteering service. 3268:economic globalization 3218: 2996: 2988: suspended member 2906:The objectives of the 2902:Parliamentary Assembly 2880:Ministerial Conference 2706:Olivier Solonandrasana 2056: 1626: 1618: 1612: 1606: 1589: 1556:[lafʁɑ̃kɔfɔni] 1551: 1533: 1122: 124: Regional members 118: National members 97: 6588:Languages in censuses 6211:By official languages 5605:São Tomé and Príncipe 5465:Republic of the Congo 5162:. 21 September 2016. 4364:Accessed 05 May 2011. 3862:. Accessed 5 May 2011 3670:3 August 2020 at the 3659:6 August 2020 at the 3395:Amnesty International 3312:Déclaration de Bamako 3209: 2964: 2581:combat climate change 2369:New Brunswick, Canada 2054: 1814:Boutros Boutros-Ghali 1725:Boutros Boutros-Ghali 1710:was secretary of the 1652:Léopold Sédar Senghor 1111:• Conference of 1092:• Conference of 907:São Tomé and Príncipe 6812:48.86000°N 2.30333°E 6659:Dutch Language Union 6303:Endonyms and exonyms 6085:New Development Bank 5702:United Arab Emirates 5317:25 June 2022 at the 5187:"Chirac, l'Africain" 4850:on 27 September 2007 4762:"Senghor University" 4710:"Operating agencies" 4606:accessed 5 May 2011. 4451:3 April 2015 at the 4359:6 March 2016 at the 4087:, 13 September 2018. 4023:. 26 November 2016. 3993:. 22 November 2016. 3709:on 26 February 2014. 3424:Denis Sassou Nguesso 3212:Parliament of Canada 3182:Summit in 1989. The 3004:military coup d'état 2717:raised the issue of 2491:28–29 September 2006 1911:President of Senegal 1720:in 1997 with former 1662:of Niger and Prince 1344:Phonological history 1156:• 2016 estimate 6808: / 6678:(Romance languages) 6555:Number of languages 6114:Cultural IGOs 5941:Francophone economy 5236:. 10 October 2018. 5145:, 4 September 1999. 4910:accessed 5 May 2011 4797:on 23 February 2011 4624:on 27 December 2014 4427:on 21 December 2010 4104:. 11 October 2018. 3691:on 1 November 2018. 3278:(20 October 2005). 2824:19—20 November 2022 2701:26–27 November 2016 2648:29–30 November 2014 2453:26–27 November 2004 2342:14–16 November 1997 2234:François Mitterrand 2229:19–21 November 1991 2197:François Mitterrand 2109:François Mitterrand 2104:17–19 February 1986 1741:Republic of Senegal 1349:Oaths of Strasbourg 1118:14–16 November 1997 6753:Category:Languages 6748:Lists of languages 6732:(Turkic languages) 6724:(Turkic languages) 6538:Official languages 5946:Senghor University 5743:Dominican Republic 5312:MaVieFrancaise.org 5273:Post-Francophonie? 4335:. 6 September 2024 4199:on 13 October 2018 4132:www.graphic.com.gh 3926:Morocco World News 3610:Canadian provinces 3494:Alliance française 3420:Gnassingbé Eyadéma 3219: 3196:Senghor University 3192:Francophone Africa 3184:Senghor University 3174:Senghor University 3067:Université Senghor 3049:Operating agencies 2997: 2768:Louise Mushikiwabo 2751:11–12 October 2018 2610:12–14 October 2012 2567:22–24 October 2010 2529:17–19 October 2008 2415:18–20 October 2002 2377:3–5 September 1999 2272:Veerasamy Ringadoo 2267:16–18 October 1993 2201:Senghor University 2142:2–4 September 1987 2057: 1994:Louise Mushikiwabo 1184:2023 estimate 1051:General Secretary 1040:Louise Mushikiwabo 49:de la Francophonie 6817:48.86000; 2.30333 6769: 6768: 6765: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6607:Language families 6420: 6419: 6416: 6415: 6150: 6149: 6146: 6145: 6022:Intergovernmental 5972: 5971: 5852: 5851: 5837:Suspended members 5675:Associate members 5485:Equatorial Guinea 4672:. Larousse. 2005. 4193:www.xinhuanet.com 3549:Vietnamese French 3408:Chirac l'Africain 2889:Permanent Council 2877: 2876: 2858:Villers-Cotterêts 2778:and Mushikiwabo. 2766:foreign minister 2304:2–4 December 1995 2044: 2043: 2040: 1978: 1918: 1906:31 December 2014 1854: 1842:31 December 2002 1839:16 November 1997 1829:14 November 1922 1729:secretary-general 1700:Secretary-General 1528: 1527: 1278: 1277: 1259: 1258: 1253: 1252: 1199:$ 18.28 trillions 526:Equatorial Guinea 160:Official language 16:(Redirected from 6878: 6823: 6822: 6820: 6819: 6818: 6813: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6804: 6801: 6786: 6785: 6777: 6733: 6725: 6717: 6707: 6692: 6679: 6671: 6663: 6655: 6437: 6426: 6208: 6197: 6177: 6170: 6163: 6154: 6121: 6100:World Bank Group 6037: 6033: 6015: 5999: 5992: 5985: 5976: 5962: 5961: 5375: 5355: 5348: 5341: 5332: 5310: 5298: 5293: 5292: 5290:Official website 5286: 5250: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5226: 5220: 5213: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5173: 5171: 5152: 5146: 5139: 5133: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5089: 5083: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5059: 5040: 5034: 5031: 5025: 5018: 5012: 5005: 4999: 4995: 4989: 4982: 4976: 4969: 4963: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4919: 4913: 4907: 4905: 4903: 4894:. 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Archived from 4043: 4037: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4013: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 3991:The Toronto Star 3983: 3977: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3952: 3946: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3891: 3882: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3820: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3795: 3789: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3769: 3763: 3743: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3723:. Archived from 3717: 3711: 3710: 3705:. Archived from 3699: 3693: 3692: 3681: 3675: 3647: 3627: 3625: 3617: 3611: 3608: 3599: 3596: 3559:Cambodian French 3524:French in Africa 3489:French immersion 2993: 2987: 2981: 2975: 2969: 2912:Jacques Legendre 2862:4—5 October 2024 2853: 2851: 2850: 2815: 2813: 2812: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2692: 2690: 2689: 2639: 2637: 2636: 2601: 2599: 2598: 2558: 2556: 2555: 2520: 2518: 2517: 2482: 2480: 2479: 2444: 2442: 2441: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2368: 2333: 2331: 2330: 2295: 2293: 2292: 2258: 2256: 2255: 2220: 2218: 2217: 2171: 2169: 2168: 2133: 2131: 2130: 2095: 2093: 2092: 2063: 2035: 2019: 2015: 2013: 2005: 2003: 2002: 1990: 1973: 1959: 1956:6 September 1957 1955: 1953: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1930: 1909: 1895: 1892:7 September 1935 1891: 1889: 1881: 1879: 1878: 1866: 1845: 1835: 1825: 1823: 1822: 1810: 1774: 1769: 1698:The position of 1664:Norodom Sihanouk 1631: 1592: 1566: 1565: 1558: 1536: 1520: 1513: 1506: 1287: 1280: 1248:French Community 1244: 1243: 1237: 1236: 1224: 1223: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1198: 1197: 1181: 1125: 1072:François Paradis 1017: 1013: 1011: 1010: 1002: 998: 996: 995: 987: 983: 981: 980: 972: 971: 967: 965: 964: 955: 951: 949: 948: 940: 936: 934: 933: 925: 921: 919: 918: 910: 909: 905: 903: 902: 893: 889: 887: 886: 878: 874: 872: 871: 863: 859: 857: 856: 847: 846: 842: 840: 839: 830: 829: 825: 823: 822: 813: 812: 808: 806: 805: 796: 792: 790: 789: 781: 780: 776: 774: 773: 764: 760: 758: 757: 749: 745: 743: 742: 733: 732: 728: 726: 725: 716: 715: 711: 709: 708: 699: 695: 693: 692: 684: 683: 679: 677: 676: 667: 663: 661: 660: 652: 648: 646: 645: 637: 636: 632: 630: 629: 620: 616: 614: 613: 604: 600: 598: 597: 589: 585: 583: 582: 573: 569: 567: 566: 558: 554: 552: 551: 543: 539: 537: 536: 528: 524: 522: 521: 513: 509: 507: 506: 498: 494: 492: 491: 483: 479: 477: 476: 468: 464: 462: 461: 453: 449: 447: 446: 438: 434: 432: 431: 423: 419: 417: 416: 408: 404: 402: 401: 390: 389: 388: 375: 374: 373: 363: 359: 357: 356: 348: 344: 342: 341: 333: 329: 327: 326: 318: 314: 312: 311: 302: 298: 296: 295: 287: 283: 281: 280: 272: 268: 266: 265: 254: 253: 252: 242: 238: 236: 235: 227: 223: 221: 220: 212: 208: 206: 205: 197: 196: 192: 190: 189: 141: 135: 129: 123: 117: 112: 100: 78: 66: 51: 50: 39: 21: 6886: 6885: 6881: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6876: 6875: 6826: 6825: 6816: 6814: 6810: 6807: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6780: 6772: 6770: 6757: 6736: 6731: 6723: 6715: 6705: 6690: 6677: 6669: 6661: 6653: 6643: 6639: 6633: 6599:language family 6592: 6559: 6526: 6441: 6431: 6412: 6297: 6233:Dutch/Afrikaans 6202: 6191: 6181: 6151: 6142: 6115: 6109: 6027: 6023: 6016: 6009: 6003: 5973: 5968: 5950: 5929: 5890:French language 5878: 5848: 5832: 5706: 5670: 5644: 5540:North Macedonia 5364: 5359: 5319:Wayback Machine 5308: 5296: 5288: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5264:Wayback Machine 5259: 5257:Further reading 5254: 5253: 5243: 5241: 5228: 5227: 5223: 5214: 5210: 5200: 5198: 5184: 5183: 5179: 5169: 5167: 5154: 5153: 5149: 5140: 5136: 5130:Wayback Machine 5121: 5117: 5107: 5105: 5091: 5090: 5086: 5081:Wayback Machine 5071: 5067: 5057: 5055: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5032: 5028: 5019: 5015: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4983: 4979: 4970: 4966: 4956:Wayback Machine 4946: 4942: 4932: 4930: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4901: 4899: 4890: 4889: 4885: 4871: 4870: 4863: 4853: 4851: 4842: 4841: 4837: 4827: 4825: 4824:on 6 March 2016 4816: 4815: 4811: 4800: 4798: 4789: 4788: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4768:on 22 July 2011 4760: 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4693: 4691: 4682: 4681: 4677: 4668: 4667: 4663: 4653: 4651: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4616: 4615: 4611: 4599: 4592: 4585: 4584: 4580: 4572: 4565: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4541: 4527: 4526: 4522: 4512: 4510: 4496: 4495: 4491: 4481: 4479: 4475: 4468: 4464: 4463: 4459: 4453:Wayback Machine 4444: 4440: 4430: 4428: 4419: 4418: 4414: 4404: 4402: 4401:on 5 March 2019 4393: 4392: 4388: 4382:Wayback Machine 4373: 4369: 4361:Wayback Machine 4352: 4348: 4338: 4336: 4327: 4326: 4322: 4312: 4310: 4301: 4300: 4293: 4283: 4281: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4232: 4230: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4200: 4187: 4186: 4182: 4172: 4170: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4141: 4139: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4111: 4109: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4082:Wayback Machine 4073: 4066: 4056: 4054: 4053:on 12 June 2018 4045: 4044: 4040: 4030: 4028: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4000: 3998: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3970: 3968: 3954: 3953: 3949: 3939: 3937: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3901:on 21 July 2017 3893: 3892: 3885: 3879:Wayback Machine 3870: 3866: 3858: 3847: 3837: 3835: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3807: 3805: 3797: 3796: 3792: 3782: 3780: 3779:on 15 July 2012 3771: 3770: 3766: 3754:Wayback Machine 3744: 3740: 3730: 3728: 3727:on 1 April 2014 3719: 3718: 3714: 3701: 3700: 3696: 3683: 3682: 3678: 3672:Wayback Machine 3661:Wayback Machine 3648: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3630: 3618: 3614: 3609: 3602: 3597: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3529:French in India 3454: 3428:Blaise Compaoré 3390: 3374:La Francophonie 3365: 3358: 3341: 3332: 3298:Similar to the 3296: 3264: 3204: 3176: 3170: 3138: 3126: 3075: 3051: 3014:, and then the 2995: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2983: 2979: 2977: 2973: 2971: 2967: 2959: 2953: 2920: 2904: 2891: 2882: 2867:Emmanuel Macron 2848: 2846: 2827:Prime Minister 2810: 2808: 2788:Jamal Khashoggi 2756:Nikol Pashinyan 2754:Prime Minister 2737: 2735: 2704:Prime Minister 2687: 2685: 2634: 2632: 2596: 2594: 2553: 2551: 2532:Prime Minister 2515: 2513: 2477: 2475: 2458:Blaise Compaoré 2439: 2437: 2401: 2399: 2380:Prime Minister 2328: 2326: 2309:Nicéphore Soglo 2290: 2288: 2253: 2251: 2215: 2213: 2166: 2164: 2145:Prime Minister 2128: 2126: 2090: 2088: 2049: 2027:3 January 2019 2017: 2011: 2009: 2000: 1998: 1970:2 January 2019 1967:5 January 2015 1957: 1951: 1949: 1940: 1938: 1903:1 January 2003 1893: 1887: 1885: 1876: 1874: 1836:(aged 93) 1833: 1820: 1818: 1733:La Francophonie 1696: 1691: 1656:Habib Bourguiba 1638: 1614:complémentarité 1564:La Francophonie 1552:La Francophonie 1524: 1492:Help:IPA/French 1427: 1426: 1414: 1302:French language 1274: 1241: 1218: 1209: 1208: 1191: 1179: 1167: 1157: 1142: 1123:La Francophonie 1119: 1115: 1100: 1096: 1068: 1052: 1036: 1020: 1008: 1006: 1005: 993: 991: 990: 978: 976: 975: 962: 960: 959: 958: 946: 944: 943: 931: 929: 928: 916: 914: 913: 900: 898: 897: 896: 884: 882: 881: 869: 867: 866: 854: 852: 851: 837: 835: 834: 833: 827:North Macedonia 820: 818: 817: 816: 803: 801: 800: 799: 787: 785: 784: 771: 769: 768: 767: 755: 753: 752: 740: 738: 737: 723: 721: 720: 719: 706: 704: 703: 702: 690: 688: 687: 674: 672: 671: 670: 658: 656: 655: 643: 641: 640: 627: 625: 624: 623: 611: 609: 608: 595: 593: 592: 580: 578: 577: 564: 562: 561: 549: 547: 546: 534: 532: 531: 519: 517: 516: 504: 502: 501: 489: 487: 486: 474: 472: 471: 459: 457: 456: 444: 442: 441: 429: 427: 426: 414: 412: 411: 399: 397: 396: 386: 384: 379: 371: 369: 364: 354: 352: 351: 339: 337: 336: 324: 322: 321: 309: 307: 306: 293: 291: 290: 278: 276: 275: 263: 261: 260: 250: 248: 243: 233: 231: 230: 218: 216: 215: 203: 201: 200: 187: 185: 184: 183: 180: 179: 178:54 full members 144: 143: 142: Observers 139: 137: 133: 131: 127: 125: 121: 119: 115: 102: 94: 84: 83: 82: 79: 71: 70: 67: 54: 53: 48: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6884: 6882: 6874: 6873: 6868: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6828: 6827: 6791: 6790: 6767: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6755: 6750: 6744: 6742: 6738: 6737: 6735: 6734: 6726: 6718: 6710: 6709: 6708: 6693: 6685: 6680: 6672: 6664: 6656: 6647: 6645: 6638:Language-based 6635: 6634: 6632: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6603: 6601: 6594: 6593: 6591: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6579: 6578: 6567: 6565: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6546: 6545: 6534: 6532: 6528: 6527: 6525: 6524: 6523: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6502: 6497: 6496: 6495: 6493:Southeast Asia 6490: 6485: 6475: 6474: 6473: 6468: 6467: 6466: 6451: 6445: 6443: 6433: 6432: 6429: 6422: 6421: 6418: 6417: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6410: 6405: 6404: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6323: 6313: 6307: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6214: 6212: 6204: 6203: 6200: 6193: 6192: 6182: 6180: 6179: 6172: 6165: 6157: 6148: 6147: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6124: 6122: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6095:United Nations 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6046: 6044: 6034: 6018: 6017: 6004: 6002: 6001: 5994: 5987: 5979: 5970: 5969: 5967: 5966: 5955: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5948: 5943: 5937: 5935: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5886: 5884: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5853: 5850: 5849: 5847: 5846: 5840: 5838: 5834: 5833: 5831: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5790: 5785: 5780: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5738:Czech Republic 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5714: 5712: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5689: 5684: 5678: 5676: 5672: 5671: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5381: 5379: 5372: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5358: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5335: 5329: 5328: 5322: 5306: 5294: 5280: 5279:External links 5277: 5276: 5275: 5269: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5251: 5221: 5208: 5177: 5147: 5134: 5115: 5084: 5065: 5035: 5026: 5013: 5000: 4990: 4977: 4964: 4940: 4914: 4898:on 16 May 2013 4883: 4861: 4835: 4809: 4779: 4753: 4727: 4701: 4675: 4661: 4635: 4609: 4578: 4551: 4520: 4489: 4457: 4438: 4412: 4386: 4367: 4346: 4320: 4291: 4265: 4240: 4210: 4180: 4149: 4119: 4089: 4064: 4038: 4008: 3978: 3947: 3912: 3883: 3864: 3845: 3815: 3790: 3764: 3738: 3712: 3694: 3676: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3628: 3612: 3600: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3566: 3561: 3556: 3551: 3546: 3544:French America 3541: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3496: 3491: 3486: 3481: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3389: 3386: 3364: 3361: 3357: 3354: 3340: 3337: 3331: 3328: 3295: 3292: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3203: 3200: 3172:Main article: 3169: 3166: 3150:Jacques Chirac 3146:Jean Pelletier 3137: 3134: 3125: 3122: 3095:Southeast Asia 3074: 3071: 3069:d’Alexandrie. 3050: 3047: 2994: observer 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2952: 2949: 2919: 2916: 2903: 2900: 2890: 2887: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2869: 2863: 2860: 2855: 2844: 2838: 2837: 2832: 2831: 2825: 2822: 2817: 2806: 2800: 2799: 2759: 2758: 2752: 2749: 2744: 2733: 2727: 2726: 2715:Justin Trudeau 2709: 2708: 2702: 2699: 2694: 2683: 2677: 2676: 2661:Michaëlle Jean 2656: 2655: 2649: 2646: 2641: 2630: 2624: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2611: 2608: 2603: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2575: 2574: 2572:Doris Leuthard 2568: 2565: 2560: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2537: 2536: 2534:Stephen Harper 2530: 2527: 2522: 2521:Quebec, Canada 2511: 2505: 2504: 2499: 2498: 2496:Traian Băsescu 2492: 2489: 2484: 2473: 2467: 2466: 2461: 2460: 2454: 2451: 2446: 2435: 2429: 2428: 2423: 2422: 2416: 2413: 2408: 2397: 2391: 2390: 2385: 2384: 2378: 2375: 2370: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2350: 2349: 2347:Trần Đức Lương 2343: 2340: 2335: 2324: 2318: 2317: 2312: 2311: 2305: 2302: 2297: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2275: 2274: 2268: 2265: 2260: 2249: 2243: 2242: 2237: 2236: 2230: 2227: 2222: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2188: 2187: 2181: 2180:24–26 May 1989 2178: 2173: 2162: 2156: 2155: 2150: 2149: 2147:Brian Mulroney 2143: 2140: 2135: 2134:Quebec, Canada 2124: 2118: 2117: 2112: 2111: 2105: 2102: 2097: 2086: 2080: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2069:Country/Region 2067: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2033: 2028: 2025: 2020: 2007: 1996: 1991: 1984: 1980: 1979: 1971: 1968: 1965: 1960: 1947: 1936: 1934:Michaëlle Jean 1931: 1924: 1920: 1919: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1896: 1883: 1872: 1867: 1860: 1856: 1855: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1830: 1827: 1816: 1811: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1760:Michaëlle Jean 1708:Jean-Louis Roy 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1637: 1634: 1582:French culture 1526: 1525: 1523: 1522: 1515: 1508: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1471: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1462: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1438: 1437: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1424: 1418: 1412: 1407: 1400: 1396: 1394: 1384: 1379: 1371: 1370: 1364: 1363: 1362: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1338: 1337: 1331: 1330: 1329: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1305: 1304: 1298: 1297: 1289: 1288: 1276: 1275: 1273: 1272: 1269:France's motto 1264: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1245: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1220: 1219: 1204: 1201: 1200: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1182: 1172: 1171: 1168: 1166:• Density 1165: 1162: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1116: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1097: 1091: 1088: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1079: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1056:Jacques Krabal 1053: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1030: 1027: 1026: 1022: 1021: 1019: 1018: 1003: 988: 973: 956: 941: 926: 911: 894: 879: 864: 849: 848:(suspended) 831: 814: 797: 782: 765: 750: 735: 734:(suspended) 717: 700: 685: 668: 653: 638: 621: 606: 605:(suspended) 590: 575: 574:(suspended) 559: 544: 529: 514: 499: 484: 469: 454: 439: 424: 409: 394: 349: 334: 319: 304: 303:(suspended) 288: 273: 258: 228: 213: 198: 177: 176: 175: 173: 167: 166: 161: 157: 156: 150: 146: 145: 138: 132: 126: 120: 114: 113: 105: 104: 86: 85: 80: 73: 72: 68: 61: 60: 59: 56: 55: 43: 42: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6883: 6872: 6869: 6867: 6864: 6862: 6859: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6824: 6821: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6775: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6739: 6730: 6727: 6722: 6719: 6714: 6711: 6704: 6703: 6699: 6698: 6697: 6694: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6676: 6673: 6668: 6665: 6660: 6657: 6652: 6649: 6648: 6646: 6644:organizations 6642: 6636: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6600: 6595: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6577: 6574: 6573: 6572: 6569: 6568: 6566: 6564:By population 6562: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6529: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6507: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6476: 6472: 6471:South America 6469: 6465: 6462: 6461: 6460: 6459:North America 6457: 6456: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6442:and subregion 6438: 6434: 6427: 6423: 6409: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6300: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6215: 6213: 6209: 6205: 6198: 6194: 6189: 6185: 6178: 6173: 6171: 6166: 6164: 6159: 6158: 6155: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6112: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6047: 6045: 6043: 6040:Non-cultural 6038: 6035: 6031: 6025: 6024:organizations 6019: 6013: 6007: 6000: 5995: 5993: 5988: 5986: 5981: 5980: 5977: 5965: 5957: 5956: 5953: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5932: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5881: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5861: 5859: 5855: 5845: 5842: 5841: 5839: 5835: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5709: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5679: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5661:New Brunswick 5659: 5657: 5654: 5653: 5651: 5647: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5510:Guinea-Bissau 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5380: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5356: 5351: 5349: 5344: 5342: 5337: 5336: 5333: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5316: 5313: 5307: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5291: 5283: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5261: 5260: 5256: 5239: 5235: 5231: 5225: 5222: 5218: 5212: 5209: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5181: 5178: 5165: 5161: 5157: 5151: 5148: 5144: 5138: 5135: 5131: 5127: 5124: 5119: 5116: 5103: 5099: 5098:Site-LeVif-FR 5095: 5088: 5085: 5082: 5078: 5075: 5069: 5066: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5036: 5030: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5010: 5004: 5001: 4994: 4991: 4987: 4981: 4978: 4974: 4968: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4950: 4944: 4941: 4928: 4924: 4918: 4915: 4911: 4897: 4893: 4887: 4884: 4878: 4874: 4868: 4866: 4862: 4849: 4845: 4839: 4836: 4823: 4819: 4813: 4810: 4796: 4792: 4786: 4784: 4780: 4767: 4763: 4757: 4754: 4741: 4737: 4731: 4728: 4715: 4711: 4705: 4702: 4689: 4685: 4679: 4676: 4671: 4665: 4662: 4649: 4645: 4639: 4636: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4610: 4607: 4598: 4591: 4590: 4582: 4579: 4571: 4564: 4563: 4555: 4552: 4539: 4535: 4531: 4524: 4521: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4493: 4490: 4474: 4467: 4461: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4442: 4439: 4426: 4422: 4416: 4413: 4400: 4396: 4390: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4376: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4362: 4358: 4355: 4350: 4347: 4334: 4330: 4324: 4321: 4308: 4304: 4298: 4296: 4292: 4279: 4275: 4269: 4266: 4254: 4253:Campus France 4250: 4244: 4241: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4211: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4184: 4181: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4153: 4150: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4120: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4093: 4090: 4086: 4083: 4079: 4076: 4071: 4069: 4065: 4052: 4048: 4042: 4039: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4012: 4009: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3982: 3979: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3948: 3935: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3916: 3913: 3900: 3896: 3890: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3861: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3804: 3803:National Post 3800: 3794: 3791: 3778: 3774: 3768: 3765: 3761: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3742: 3739: 3726: 3722: 3716: 3713: 3708: 3704: 3698: 3695: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3653: 3646: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3624: 3623: 3616: 3613: 3607: 3605: 3601: 3595: 3592: 3585: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3530: 3527: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3435: 3434: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3396: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3362: 3360: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3347:In 2013, the 3345: 3338: 3336: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3293: 3291: 3287: 3285: 3279: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3261: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3246: 3245: 3242: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3223: 3217: 3213: 3208: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3181: 3175: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3114: 3112: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3072: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3039: 3037: 3033: 3029: 3025: 3021: 3020:Guinea-Bissau 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2963: 2958: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2926: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2888: 2886: 2879: 2871: 2868: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2745: 2734: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2684: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2665:Guinea-Bissau 2662: 2657: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2631: 2629: 2625: 2619: 2616: 2615:Joseph Kabila 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2576: 2573: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2462: 2459: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2436: 2434: 2430: 2424: 2421: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2386: 2383: 2382:Jean Chrétien 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2341: 2339: 2336: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2313: 2310: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2287: 2285: 2281: 2276: 2273: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2250: 2248: 2244: 2238: 2235: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2163: 2161: 2157: 2151: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2125: 2123: 2119: 2113: 2110: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2087: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2053: 2046: 2038: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2018:(age 63) 2008: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1958:(age 67) 1948: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1925: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1913:(1981–2000), 1912: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1894:(age 89) 1884: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1861: 1858: 1857: 1852: 1849:(1992–1996), 1848: 1844: 1841: 1838: 1832:16 March 2016 1831: 1828: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1776: 1771: 1770: 1767: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1727:as the first 1726: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1714: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1693: 1688: 1686: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1666:of Cambodia. 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1623: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1615: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1598: 1596: 1591: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1574:lingua franca 1571: 1567: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1521: 1516: 1514: 1509: 1507: 1502: 1501: 1499: 1498: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1465: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1439: 1436: 1432: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1416:passé composé 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1392: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1374: 1373: 1372: 1369: 1365: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1336: 1332: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1311:Langues d'oïl 1309: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1281: 1270: 1262: 1255: 1249: 1246: 1239: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1221: 1216: 1213:.francophonie 1207: 1202: 1193: 1183: 1177: 1169: 1159: 1144: 1129: 1124: 1117: 1114: 1104: 1099:20 March 1970 1098: 1095: 1082:Establishment 1076: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1057: 1054: 1050: 1041: 1038: 1023: 1016: 1004: 1001: 989: 986: 974: 970: 957: 954: 942: 939: 927: 924: 912: 908: 895: 892: 880: 877: 865: 862: 850: 845: 832: 828: 815: 811: 798: 795: 783: 779: 766: 763: 751: 748: 736: 731: 718: 714: 701: 698: 686: 682: 669: 666: 654: 651: 639: 635: 622: 619: 618:Guinea-Bissau 607: 603: 591: 588: 576: 572: 560: 557: 545: 542: 530: 527: 515: 512: 500: 497: 485: 482: 470: 467: 455: 452: 440: 437: 425: 422: 410: 407: 395: 393: 383: 378: 377:New Brunswick 368: 362: 350: 347: 335: 332: 320: 317: 305: 301: 289: 286: 274: 271: 259: 257: 247: 241: 229: 226: 214: 211: 199: 195: 182: 174: 172: 168: 165: 162: 158: 154: 151: 147: 111: 106: 99: 93: 92: 87: 77: 65: 57: 52: 40: 37: 33: 19: 6793: 6706:(Portuguese) 6700: 6688:Francophonie 6687: 6641:geopolitical 6440:By continent 6137: 5857:Organization 5415:Burkina Faso 5361: 5266: 5244:25 September 5242:. Retrieved 5233: 5224: 5216: 5211: 5201:26 September 5199:. Retrieved 5190: 5180: 5170:26 September 5168:. Retrieved 5159: 5150: 5142: 5137: 5118: 5106:. Retrieved 5097: 5087: 5068: 5056:. Retrieved 5047: 5038: 5029: 5021: 5016: 5008: 5003: 4993: 4985: 4980: 4972: 4967: 4959: 4943: 4931:. Retrieved 4917: 4909: 4900:. Retrieved 4896:the original 4886: 4877:the original 4854:30 September 4852:. Retrieved 4848:the original 4838: 4826:. Retrieved 4822:the original 4812: 4799:. Retrieved 4795:the original 4770:. Retrieved 4766:the original 4756: 4744:. Retrieved 4740:the original 4730: 4718:. Retrieved 4714:the original 4704: 4692:. Retrieved 4678: 4669: 4664: 4652:. Retrieved 4646:. TV5MONDE. 4638: 4626:. Retrieved 4622:the original 4612: 4605: 4597:the original 4588: 4581: 4570:the original 4561: 4554: 4542:. Retrieved 4533: 4523: 4511:. Retrieved 4502: 4492: 4482:29 September 4480:. Retrieved 4460: 4441: 4429:. Retrieved 4425:the original 4415: 4403:. Retrieved 4399:the original 4395:"Madagascar" 4389: 4370: 4363: 4349: 4339:25 September 4337:. Retrieved 4332: 4323: 4311:. Retrieved 4306: 4282:. Retrieved 4277: 4268: 4256:. Retrieved 4252: 4243: 4231:. Retrieved 4222: 4213: 4201:. Retrieved 4197:the original 4192: 4183: 4171:. Retrieved 4162: 4152: 4140:. Retrieved 4131: 4122: 4110:. Retrieved 4101: 4092: 4084: 4055:. Retrieved 4051:the original 4041: 4029:. Retrieved 4020: 4011: 3999:. Retrieved 3990: 3981: 3969:. Retrieved 3960: 3950: 3938:. Retrieved 3925: 3915: 3903:. Retrieved 3899:the original 3867: 3836:. Retrieved 3827: 3818: 3806:. Retrieved 3802: 3793: 3781:. Retrieved 3777:the original 3767: 3757: 3741: 3729:. Retrieved 3725:the original 3715: 3707:the original 3697: 3689:the original 3679: 3651: 3622:Francophonie 3615: 3594: 3477: 3438: 3431: 3411: 3407: 3404:Papa Afrique 3403: 3391: 3382: 3373: 3369: 3366: 3359: 3346: 3342: 3333: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3311: 3308:human rights 3297: 3288: 3280: 3265: 3243: 3239:Burkina Faso 3231:Antananarivo 3226: 3224: 3220: 3177: 3162:Anne Hidalgo 3159: 3139: 3127: 3115: 3107: 3076: 3052: 3040: 2998: 2921: 2905: 2892: 2883: 2841: 2829:Najla Bouden 2803: 2784:human rights 2780:Saudi Arabia 2730: 2697:Antananarivo 2680: 2627: 2589: 2557: 2546: 2508: 2470: 2445:Burkina Faso 2432: 2420:Émile Lahoud 2394: 2359: 2321: 2283: 2246: 2208: 2159: 2121: 2083: 2058: 2030: 2022: 1962: 1898: 1834:(2016-03-16) 1764: 1732: 1717: 1711: 1697: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1660:Hamani Diori 1658:of Tunisia, 1654:of Senegal, 1645: 1639: 1605: 1599: 1595:francosphere 1594: 1590:francophonie 1586: 1578:francophones 1560: 1544:Francophonie 1543: 1539: 1531: 1529: 1421:passé simple 1359:Anglo-Norman 1326:Francophonie 1325: 1227: 1205: 1190:• Total 1141:• Total 950: 381: 366: 300:Burkina Faso 245: 149:Headquarters 89: 44: 36: 32:Francophonie 6815: / 6675:Latin Union 6651:Arab League 5925:LGBT rights 5818:South Korea 5620:Switzerland 5600:Saint Lucia 5520:Ivory Coast 5297:(in French) 5285:(in French) 5108:2 September 5058:2 September 4933:19 December 4746:28 December 4694:28 December 4654:28 December 4628:28 December 4431:27 December 4405:27 December 4309:(in French) 3838:28 December 3828:Toronto Sun 3808:28 December 3509:Francophone 3235:Ouagadougou 3142:Quebec City 3036:Nova Scotia 3030:. In 2018, 3024:same reason 3012:coup d'état 2895:Ambassadors 2776:Paul Kagame 2719:LGBT rights 2559:Switzerland 2525:Quebec City 2449:Ouagadougou 2185:Abdou Diouf 2138:Quebec City 2039:(2009–2018) 1977:(2005–2010) 1917:(1970–1980) 1870:Abdou Diouf 1737:Abdou Diouf 1706:. Canadian 1487:Aspirated h 1435:Orthography 1405:conjugation 1228:Preceded by 953:Switzerland 891:Saint Lucia 650:Ivory Coast 6830:Categories 6800:48°51′36″N 6713:Hispanidad 6531:By country 6515:Micronesia 6488:South Asia 6273:Portuguese 6253:Hindustani 5793:Mozambique 5788:Montenegro 5615:Seychelles 5555:Mauritania 5545:Madagascar 5535:Luxembourg 5440:Cape Verde 5048:www.dfa.ie 4233:28 January 4031:22 January 4021:www.cbc.ca 3971:22 January 3961:www.cbc.ca 3650:Brochure: 3634:References 3554:Lao French 3418:of Gabon, 3416:Omar Bongo 3188:Alexandria 3101:, and the 3091:Arab world 3008:Madagascar 3000:Mauritania 2955:See also: 2925:Libreville 2865:President 2693:Madagascar 2669:Madagascar 2653:Macky Sall 2651:President 2613:President 2570:President 2494:President 2456:President 2418:President 2345:President 2307:President 2270:President 2263:Port Louis 2232:President 2183:President 2107:President 2100:Versailles 2016:2 May 1961 2012:1961-05-02 1952:1957-09-06 1888:1935-09-07 1670:dialogue. 1642:convention 1620:solidarité 1454:Circumflex 1410:morphology 1150:Population 1067:President 938:Seychelles 747:Mauritania 713:Madagascar 697:Luxembourg 406:Cape Verde 171:Membership 6803:2°18′12″E 6716:(Spanish) 6670:(English) 6520:Polynesia 6510:Melanesia 6483:East Asia 6464:Caribbean 6430:Languages 6396:Sri Lanka 6391:Singapore 6366:Indonesia 6201:Countries 6188:languages 6184:Countries 5778:Louisiana 5773:Lithuania 5718:Argentina 5711:Observers 5560:Mauritius 5234:France 24 5143:Le Devoir 4973:Le Devoir 4947:Cited in 4684:"Accueil" 4644:"Accueil" 4513:26 August 4278:elysee.fr 4223:La Presse 4173:26 August 4102:France 24 3422:of Togo, 3378:Le Devoir 3304:democracy 3103:Caribbean 3041:Although 3032:Louisiana 2796:Louisiana 2487:Bucharest 2259:Mauritius 2031:incumbent 1755:, former 1745:Bucharest 1689:Structure 1468:Phonology 1180:(nominal) 1160:1 billion 762:Mauritius 6788:Politics 6741:See also 6691:(French) 6654:(Arabic) 6454:Americas 6341:Cambodia 6278:Romanian 6080:Interpol 5964:Category 5920:TV5Monde 5844:Thailand 5813:Slovenia 5808:Slovakia 5475:Dominica 5470:Djibouti 5430:Cameroon 5425:Cambodia 5410:Bulgaria 5315:Archived 5238:Archived 5217:Le Monde 5195:Archived 5191:Le Point 5164:Archived 5160:TV5MONDE 5126:Archived 5102:Archived 5077:Archived 5052:Archived 5022:La Croix 4960:Quaderni 4952:Archived 4927:Archived 4688:Archived 4686:. 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