Troll (slang) - Knowledge (XXG)

5304:"The New York Times reported Monday that progressive Democrats opposed to Roy Moore, the odious Republican candidate in that race, created a Facebook page and Twitter feed purporting to represent Moore supporters opposed to the sale of alcoholic beverages...to associate Moore with calls for a statewide ban on the sale of liquor in order to alienate moderate, pro-business Republicans and help Democratic candidate Doug Jones..."Dry Alabama" was actually the second case of Russian-style disinformation in the Alabama campaign uncovered by the New York Times. In December it reported on an "experiment" in which a phony Facebook page was created to try to drain support for Moore from conservatives and a "false flag" operation was created to suggest that the Republican candidate was being followed on Twitter by Russian bots." 1474:, which it described as "an online compendium of troll humor and troll lore". 4chan's /b/ board is recognized as "one of the Internet's most infamous and active trolling hotspots". This site and others are often used as a base to troll against sites that their members cannot normally post on. These trolls feed off the reactions of their victims because "their agenda is to take delight in causing trouble". Places like Reddit, 4chan, and other anonymous message boards are prime real-estate for online trolls. Because there is no easy way of tracing who someone is, trolls can post very inflammatory content without repercussion. 5910: 1668:, said that "Internet trolls" would face up to two years in jail, under measures in the Criminal Justice and Courts Bill that extend the maximum sentence and time limits for bringing prosecutions. The House of Lords Select Committee on Communications had earlier recommended against creating a specific offence of trolling. Sending messages which are "grossly offensive or of an indecent, obscene or menacing character" is an offence whether they are received by the intended recipient or not. Several people have been imprisoned in the UK for online harassment. 1005:"demonstrated how fake identities and accounts were used to disseminate narratives through social media, blogs, and web commentaries in order to manipulate, harass, or deceive opponents." The NATO report describes that a "Knowledge (XXG) troll" uses a type of message design where a troll does not add "emotional value" to reliable "essentially true" information in re-posts, but presents it "in the wrong context, intending the audience to draw false conclusions." For example, information, without context, from Knowledge (XXG) about the 1955: 336:. Long-time readers would both recognize the poster's name and know that the topic had been discussed repeatedly, but new subscribers to the group would not realize, and would thus respond. These types of trolls served as a practice to identify group insiders. This definition of trolling, considerably narrower than the modern understanding of the term, was considered a positive contribution. One of the most notorious AFU trollers, David Mikkelson, went on to create the urban 867:, a type of unsympathetic, ambiguous laughter. The final behavior is the insistent need for anonymity. According to Phillips, anonymity allows trolls to engage in behaviors they would not replicate in professional or public settings, with the effectiveness of trolling often being dependent upon the target's lack of anonymity. This can include the disclosure of real-life attachments, interests, and vulnerabilities of the target. 1495: 1778:: "Using technology and human review in concert, we proactively monitor Twitter to identify attempts at platform manipulation and mitigate them. As is standard, if we have reasonable evidence of state-backed information operations, we'll disclose them following our thorough investigation to our public archive — the largest of its kind in the industry." Twitter had suspended 70 troll accounts that posted content in support of 852:

identity deceptions, attempt to both distinguish real from trolling postings, and upon judging a poster a troll, make the offending poster leave the group. Their success at the former depends on how well they – and the troll – understand identity cues; their success at the latter depends on whether the troll's enjoyment is sufficiently diminished or outweighed by the costs imposed by the group.

44: 6214: 6226: 1310:. The results corroborated that gender (male) is a significant predictor of trolling behaviour, alongside trait psychopathy and sadism to be significant positive predictors. Moreover, these studies have shown that people who enjoy trolling online tend to also enjoy hurting other people in everyday life, therefore corroborating a longstanding and persistent pattern of psychopathological sadism. 6238: 392: 222: 1085: 807:, who has studied online behavior for 20 years, "Trolls aspire to violence, to the level of trouble they can cause in an environment. They want it to kick off. They want to promote antipathetic emotions of disgust and outrage, which morbidly gives them a sense of pleasure." Someone who brings something off topic into the conversation in order to make that person mad is trolling. 1212:, and found that "bad clowns" have evolved into Internet trolls. They do not dress up as traditional clowns but, for their own amusement, they tease and exploit "human foibles" in order to speak the "truth" and gain a reaction. Like clowns in make-up, Internet trolls hide behind "anonymous accounts and fake usernames". In their eyes, they are the 1182: 1009:"becomes value-laden if it is posted in the comment section of an article criticizing Russia for its military actions and interests in Ukraine. The Knowledge (XXG) troll is 'tricky', because in terms of actual text, the information is true, but the way it is expressed gives it a completely different meaning to its readers." 115:. The behavior is typically for the troll's amusement, or to achieve a specific result such as disrupting a rival's online activities or purposefully causing confusion or harm to other people. Trolling behaviors involve tactical aggression to incite emotional responses, which can adversely affect the target's well-being. 1748:

In 2019, it was alleged that progressive Democrats had created a fake Facebook page which mis-represented the political stance of Roy Moore, a Republican candidate, in the attempt to alienate him from pro-business Republicans. It was also alleged that a "false flag" experiment attempted to link Moore

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ran a segment detailing the deaths of three separate adolescent girls and trolls' subsequent reactions to their deaths. Shortly after the suicide of high school student Alexis Pilkington, anonymous posters began performing organized psychological harassment across various message boards, referring to

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which they are actually critical of. A concern troll will often declare an interest in joining or allying with a certain cause, while subtly ridiculing it. The concern troll posts in web forums devoted to their declared point of view and attempts to sway the group's actions or opinions while claiming

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A troll can disrupt the discussion on a newsgroup or online forum, disseminate bad advice, and damage the feeling of trust in the online community. In a group that has become sensitized to trolling – where the rate of deception is high – many honestly naïve questions may

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However, ignoring trolls is not always effective. Some argue that trolls may interpret a lack of response as a weakness and escalate their harassment. Reporting the troll to the platform administrators may be necessary in such cases. Most online platforms have guidelines against harassment and abuse,

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describes concern trolling as behavior conducted by: "a person who participates in a debate as an actual or potential ally who simply has some concerns they need answered before they will ally themselves with a cause. In reality they are a critic" (Geek Feminism, n.d.). I suggest that in the context

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Trolling itself has become its own form of Internet subculture and has developed its own set of rituals, rules, specialized language, and dedicated spaces of practice. The appeal of trolling primarily comes from the thrill of how long one can keep the ruse going before getting caught, and exposed as

1020:" is needed, according to the NATO report, because "they have relatively blind trust in Knowledge (XXG) sources and are not able to filter information that comes from platforms they consider authoritative." While Russian-language hybrid trolls use the Knowledge (XXG) troll message design to promote 903:

The main elements of why people troll are interactions; trolling exists in the interactive communications between Internet users, influencing people's views both from objective and emotional standpoints. Further, trolling does not target a single individual, but rather targets multiple members of a

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Trolling is a game about identity deception, albeit one that is played without the consent of most of the players. The troll attempts to pass as a legitimate participant, sharing the group's common interests and concerns; the newsgroup's or forum's members, if they are cognizant of trolls and other

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Ken McCarthy, going by the online pseudonym "Ken M", is considered one of the greatest internet trolls of all time. Ken M is known for trolling forums and comment sections by playing a "well-meaning moron" online. McCarthy compared his trolling to a comedy routine, where strangers who responded to

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and colleagues, in "Searching for Safety Online: Managing 'Trolling' in a Feminist Forum", point out the difficulty inherent in monitoring trolling and maintaining freedom of speech in online communities: "harassment often arises in spaces known for their freedom, lack of censure, and experimental

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Trolls of the testimonial page of Georgia Varley faced no prosecution due to misunderstandings of the legal system in the wake of the term trolling being popularized. In October 2012, a twenty-year-old man was jailed for twelve weeks for posting offensive jokes to a support group for friends and

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decried the attacks, committed mainly by 4chan users, as evidence of the need for greater Internet regulation, stating, "This argument that the Internet is some mystical creation that no laws should apply to, that is a recipe for anarchy and the wild west." Facebook responded by strongly urging

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A 2016 study on fluoridation decision-making in Israel coined the term "Uncertainty Bias" to describe the efforts of power in government, public health and media to aggressively advance agendas by misrepresentation of historical and scientific fact. The authors noted that authorities tended to

778:, but this has changed with modern usage by the news media to refer to the creation of any content that targets another person. The Internet dictionary, NetLingo, suggests there are four grades of trolling: playtime trolling, tactical trolling, strategic trolling, and domination trolling. 472:

of the eye is used for vision, the white section of the eye cannot see, and trolling involves blindly talking nonsense over the Internet, having total disregard to sensitivities or being oblivious to the situation at hand, akin to having eyes without pupils. An alternative term is

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creates 440 million pro-government social media posts per year. The report said that government employees were paid to create pro-government posts around the time of national holidays to avoid mass political protests. The Chinese Government ran an editorial in the state-funded

1032:"attracted very aggressive trolling" and became polarized, according to the NATO report, which "suggests that in subjects in which there is little potential for re-educating audiences, emotional harm is considered more effective" for pro-Russian Latvian-language trolls. 233:

One common strategy for dealing with online trolls is to ignore them. This approach, known as "don't feed the trolls," is based on the idea that trolls seek attention and reactions. By withholding these, the troll may lose interest and stop their disruptive behavior.

766:, the term, which literally refers to a closely cropped hairstyle worn by schoolboys in Thailand, is from the behaviour of these schoolboys who usually gather to play online games and, during which, make annoying, disruptive, impolite, or unreasonable expressions. 1812:

boards, when users posted fake images claiming to offer upgraded 4chan account privileges; without a "Gold" account, one could not view certain content. This turned out to be a hoax designed to fool board members, especially newcomers. It was copied and became an

1830:, anonymous users posted advertisements for shirts celebrating the bombing on AOL message boards, claiming that the shirts could be obtained by contacting Mr. Kenneth Zeran. The posts listed Zeran's address and home phone number. Zeran was subsequently harassed. 1070:

While corporate networking site LinkedIn is considered a platform of good taste and professionalism, companies searching for personal information by promoting jobs that were not real and fake accounts posting political messages has caught the company off guard.

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and children's tales: antisocial, quarrelsome and slow-witted creatures which make life difficult for travelers. Trolls have existed in folklore and fantasy literature for centuries, and online trolling has been around for as long as the Internet has existed.

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In July 2022, Japanese law banned "online insults", punishable by up to one year of imprisonment. Under this law, an "insult" is defined as "publicly demeaning someone's social standing without referring to specific facts about them or a specific action."

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be quickly rejected as trolling. This can be quite off-putting to the new user who upon first posting is immediately bombarded with angry accusations. Even if the accusations are unfounded, being branded a troll may be damaging to one's online reputation.

328:(AFU). Commonly, what is meant is a relatively gentle inside joke by veteran users, presenting questions or topics that had been so overdone that only a new user would respond to them earnestly. For example, a veteran of the group might make a post on the 834:

In the physical world there is an inherent unity to the self, for the body provides a compelling and convenient definition of identity. The norm is: one body, one identity ... The virtual world is different. It is composed of information rather than

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These Do-Nothings profess a commitment to social change for ideals of justice, equality, and opportunity, and then abstain from and discourage all effective action for change. They are known by their brand, 'I agree with your ends but not your

1755:, when exposing the scam, quoted a New Knowledge report that boasted of its fabrications: "We orchestrated an elaborate 'false flag' operation that planted the idea that the Moore campaign was amplified on social media by a Russian botnet. 1698:

memorial page. The segment also included an exposé of a 2006 accident, in which an eighteen-year-old fatally crashed her father's car into a highway pylon; trolls emailed her grieving family the leaked pictures of her mutilated corpse (see

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The Kerala troll community has founded to new malayalam troll slangs in Kerala, some troll events have gone viral and then its use of new words has given rise to new words. The main words is, Kummanadi, OMKV and Kiduve (Kidu)

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refers both to internet trolls, who engage in disruptive behavior on social media and online platforms, or to the mythical creatures similar to trolls found in European mythology. The word is also inflected into a verb form,

307:. It referred to use of "...decoys, with the mission of drawing...fire away..." The contemporary use of the term is said to have appeared on the Internet in the late 1980s, but the earliest known attestation according to the 878:

nature". Free speech may lead to tolerance of trolling behavior, complicating the members' efforts to maintain an open, yet supportive discussion area, especially for sensitive topics such as race, gender, and sexuality.

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as political commentators who have mastered "the art of trolling as a far-right recruitment strategy" by preying upon the American male insecurities, mediocrity, and fragility. In particular, regarding their respective

1745:, and he ends up choosing to post negative comments himself on an economics-related forum. The attempt by the character to infiltrate trolls' inner circles attracted debate from media reviewers critiquing the series. 5598: 1609:

criticized the country's intolerance and called for secularism, many promoted a boycott of his upcoming movie, including several right-wing politicians, one of whom compared Khan to a terrorist. In 2015, when the

1817:. In some cases, this type of troll has been used as a scam, most notably on Facebook, where fake Facebook Gold Account upgrade ads have proliferated in order to link users to dubious websites and other content. 5642: 1396:

blogs, using the pseudonyms "IndieNH" or "IndyNH". "IndyNH" expressed concern that Democrats might just be wasting their time or money on Hodes, because Bass was unbeatable. Hodes eventually won the election.

5265: 2321: 1016:" and are one of "the most dangerous" as well as one of "the most effective trolling message designs." Even among people who are "emotionally immune to aggressive messages" and apolitical, "training in 1560:

In February 2010, the Australian government became involved after users defaced the Facebook tribute pages of murdered children Trinity Bates and Elliott Fletcher. Australian communications minister

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initiative. When trolling is sponsored by the government, it is often called state-sponsored Internet propaganda or state-sponsored trolling. Teams of sponsored trolls are sometimes referred to as

1067:"banned hundreds of pages and accounts which it says were fraudulently flooding its site with partisan political content – although they came from the US instead of being associated with Russia." 5314: 2434: 662:(낚시) means "fishing" and refers to Internet trolling attempts, as well as purposely misleading post titles. A person who recognizes the troll after having responded (or, in case of a post title, 5563: 2600:

Andjelovic, Tamara; Buckels, Erin E.; Paulhus, Delroy L.; Trapnell, Paul D. (April 2019). "Internet trolling and everyday sadism: Parallel effects on pain perception and moral judgment".

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had such heavy traffic and participation that trolling of this sort was frowned upon. Others expanded the term to include the practice of playing a seriously misinformed user, even in

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that certain behaviors are consistent among different types of trolls. First, trolls of the subcultural variety self-identify as trolls. Trolls are also motivated by what is known as

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a troll. When understood this way, Internet trolls are less like vulgar, indiscriminate bullies, and closer to countercultural respondents to a (so called) overly sensitive public.

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of this behavior towards sex workers there is another element: feigned concern for the well-being of sex workers, as if sex workers are unable to look out for our own well-being.

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The word is sometimes incorrectly used to refer to anyone with controversial or differing opinions. Such usage goes against the ordinary meaning of troll in multiple ways. While

5590: 1448:". The concern trolls in question were not Internet participants but rather Republicans offering public advice and warnings to the Democrats that could be considered deceptive. 1400:

Although the term "concern troll" originated in discussions of online behavior, it now sees increasing use to describe similar offline behaviors. For example, James Wolcott of

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has faced criticism for the behavior of some of his supporters online, but has deflected such criticism, suggesting that "Russians" were impersonating people claiming to be "

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describes the generally commercial act of dragging a fishing net. Early non-Internet slang use of "trolling" can be found in the military: by 1972 the term "trolling for

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According to Tom Postmes, a professor of social and organisational psychology at the universities of Exeter, England, and Groningen, The Netherlands, and the author of

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to invest our anxieties and not thinking about the repercussions of trolling and affecting the victims mentally and incite a sense of guilt and shame within them".

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laws vary by state, as trolling is not a crime under U.S. federal law. In an effort to reduce uncivil behavior by increasing accountability, many web sites (e.g.

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Cheng, J., Bernstein, M., Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, C., & Leskovec, J. (2017). Anyone Can Become a Troll: Causes of Trolling Behavior in Online Discussions.

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overlook or to deny situations that involve uncertainty while making unscientific arguments and disparaging comments in order to undermine opposing positions.

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In this context, the noun and the verb forms of "troll" are frequently associated with Internet discourse. Recently, media attention has equated trolling with

83:) or who performs similar behaviors in real life. The methods and motivations of trolls can range from benign to sadistic. These messages can be inflammatory, 2466: 4047: 1783: 1763: 796:

amongst individuals. Others have suggested that although flaming and trolling is often unpleasant, it may be a form of normative behavior that expresses the

3980: 491:'white rot'), which describes a post completely nonsensical and full of folly made to upset others, and derives from a Taiwanese slang term for the 1149: 5741: 2121: 1774:" supporters. Twitter rejected Sanders' suggestion that Russia could be responsible for the bad reputation of his supporters. A Twitter spokesperson told 1121: 5672: 3932: 168:, while others may regard the same post as a legitimate contribution to the discussion, even if controversial. More potent acts of trolling are blatant 5731: 2444: 1626:

received "overwhelming" online anger for expressing the same views; the trolling spilled over into real life, with some protestors burning his effigy.

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state government banned the sale and consumption of cattle meat (reflecting Hindu beliefs), online trolls attacked stars who criticized the law; actor

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Between 2008 and 2017, 5,332 people in London were arrested and charged for behavior on social media deemed in violation of Communications Act 2003.

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Mainstream media outlets have focused their attention on the willingness of some Internet users to go to extreme lengths to participate in organized

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usually referred to an act of trolling – or to the resulting discussion – rather than to the author, though some posts punned on the dual meaning of

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To be fair, not all trolls are slimeballs. On some message boards, veteran posters with a mischievous bent occasionally go 'newbie trolling.'

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infamously used Twitter to denigrate his political opponents and spread misinformation for which he earned the moniker "Troll-In-Chief" by

148:, in which a main character encounters harassing persons online and tries to infiltrate their circles by posting negative sexual comments. 138:

with the aim of causing grief to families". In addition, depictions of trolling have been included in popular fictional works, such as the

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Newslaundry covered the phenomenon of "Twitter trolling" in its "Criticles", also characterizing Twitter trolls in its weekly podcasts.

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M. Lea; T. O'Shea; P. Fung; R. Spears (1992). "'Flaming' in Computer-Mediated Communication: observation, explanations, implications".

3228:... the two most notorious trollers in AFU, Ted Frank and Snopes, are also two of the most consistent posters of serious research. 781:

The relationship between trolling and flaming was observed in open-access forums in California, on a series of modem-linked computers.

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Postmes, T.; Spears, R.; Lea, M. (1998). "Breaching or building social boundaries? SIDE-effects of computer-mediated communication".

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started a campaign to take action against "Twitter trolls", who abuse and threaten users. Several high-profile Australians including

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discussion. Trolling can be easily identified by its offensive content, intended to provoke an emotional reaction from an audience.

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his comments became unwitting "straight men". Ken M would reply with increasingly absurd statements until his ruse was discovered.

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A verifiable example of concern trolling within politics occurred in 2006 when Tad Furtado, a member of staff for then-Congressman

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means "fishing" and refers to intentionally misleading posts whose only purpose is to get the readers to react, i.e. get trolled.

5564:"U.S. Army and Navy Must Stop Banning Speech About War Crimes from Their Twitch Channels, Knight Institute Says in Demand Letter" 4752: 4373: 3417: 1386: 1378: 6241: 3908: 2855: 1664:, under which jail sentences were, until 2015, limited to a maximum of six months. In October 2014, the UK's Justice Secretary, 1224:

by other researchers have corroborated Radford's analysis on the phenomenon of Internet trolling as a form of deception-serving

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There are competing theories of where and when "troll" was first used in Internet slang, with numerous unattested accounts of

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was begun in 1978 but was closed in 1982 when accessed by high school teenagers, becoming a ground for trashing and abuse.

6279: 3946: 2780:"High Esteem and Hurting Others Online: Trait Sadism Moderates the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Internet Trolling" 1919: 1822: 1738: 1733: 1291: 1259: 1142: 329: 195: 144: 4667: 4419: 4004:"Communicating risk for issues that involve 'uncertainty bias':what can the Israeli case of water fluoridation teach us?" 213:

criticises this view, noting that if the person is trolling, they are more intelligent than their critics would believe.

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to both. When the team started banning users from their Twitch channel for trolling, they were accused of violating the

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Donath, Judith S. (1999). "Identity and deception in the virtual community". In Smith, Marc A.; Kollock, Peter (eds.).

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are common among Internet trolls, some observers claim that trolls do not believe the controversial views they claim.

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to describe those that deliberately harass or provoke other Internet users, similar to the modern sense of the word.

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This is why we can't have nice things : mapping the relationship between online trolling and mainstream culture

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Troll Nation: How the Right Became Trump-Worshipping Monsters Set on Rat-F*cking Liberals, America, and Truth Itself

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was criticized by "many", including human rights activists and a former Supreme Court chief justice, Bollywood star

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administrators to be aware of ways to ban users and remove inappropriate content from Facebook pages. In 2012, the

947: 104: 5351:"Twitter knocks down Bernie Sanders' suggestion that Russian trolls are behind online attacks from his supporters" 3469: 1460:, as created in 1997, is considered one of the earliest trolling communities, predating 4chan by several years. A 1370:, but disguises this impulse as concern for the health of overweight people, could be considered a concern troll. 1095: 402: 6289: 4411: 3972: 3493: 2348: 1833: 935: 856: 713: 309: 3878: 2129: 48: 6269: 5403: 5110: 3569:

S. Kiesler; J. Siegel; T.W. McGuire (1984). "Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication".

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Tepper, Michele (1997). "Usenet Communities and the Cultural Politics of Information". In Porter, David (ed.).

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This Is Why We Can't Have Nice Things: Mapping the Relationship between Online Trolling and Mainstream Culture

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This is Why We Can't Have Nice Things: Mapping the Relationship Between Online Trolling and Mainstream Culture

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that is used on anonymous posting Internet forums. Another common term for a troll used in mainland China is

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The English noun "troll" in the standard sense of ugly dwarf or giant dates to 1610 and originates from the

5432: 6274: 4813: 4500: 3909:"How the Chinese Government Fabricates Social Media Posts for Strategic Distraction, not Engaged Argument" 2602: 1596: 1471: 1402: 1279: 1275: 1021: 955: 688: 80: 35: 5690: 2662:"Do trolls just want to have fun? Assessing the role of humor-related traits in online trolling behavior" 640: 6038: 4509: 3841:"Understanding the Trolling Phenomenon: The Automated Detection of Bots and Cyborgs in the Social Media" 1827: 1673: 1326: 1287: 965: 274: 247: 3053: 6237: 5625:"Tucker Carlson, Joe Rogan, and the Proud Boys: How the fragility of the male ego fuels the far-right" 1954: 1618:

received insults and had his Hindu faith questioned. Though the death sentence of convicted terrorist

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Organizations and countries may utilize trolls to manipulate public opinion as part and parcel of an

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The practice of trolling has been documented by a number of academics since the 1990s. This included

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reported the story and urged parents to warn their children about this drug. Pickwick's pictures of

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In 2007, the media was fooled by trollers into believing that students were consuming a drug called

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team became a target of trolling, as people sent anti-U.S. Army messages, memes, and references to

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where one was not a regular; these were often attempts at humor rather than provocation. The noun

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and are performing for a nameless audience via the Internet. Studies conducted in the fields of

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calls "Do-Nothings", giving a long quote from Alinsky on the Do-Nothings' method and effects:

1189: 1017: 823: 648: 610: 266: 119: 112: 5486: 5406:, CounterMeasures: Security, Privacy & Trust (A TrendMicro Blog). Retrieved 6 April 2010. 4972: 4567: 4154: 3769: 3004: 2314:"'The Newsroom' Episode 9 Review and Recap: 'The Blackout Part 2' — Whither the Mock Debate?" 2096: 5809: 5750: 5745: 5591:"Army esports team denies accusations of violating First Amendment, offering fake giveaways" 4825: 4531: 4415: 4271: 4226: 4015: 3979:. Riga, LV: NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence (published 28 January 2016). 3659: 3628: 3578: 3311: 3245: 3163: 3123: 3057: 2795: 2791: 2740: 2686: 2619: 2547: 2370: 2219: 2201: 2160: 2029: 1882: 1867: 1846: 1715: 1572: 1435: 1360: 538: 512: 478: 453: 445: 124: 3315: 3249: 3167: 3127: 1605:

celebrities can face strong social media backlash for their political comments. When actor

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Unlike "classic trolls", Knowledge (XXG) trolls "have no emotional input, they just supply

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posted pictures implying that he was inhaling this drug. Major news corporations such as

1599:(BJP) runs networks of social media trolls tasked with intimidating political opponents. 580: 2224: 2197: 2179: 1325:

increases the incidence of the trolling behaviour, and that "the internet is becoming a

63:

is a person who posts deliberately offensive or provocative messages online (such as in

5899: 5884: 5788: 5437: 3175: 2272: 2270: 1969: 1931: 1863: 1797: 1767: 1665: 1606: 1580: 1561: 1314: 1013: 998: 747:: it defecates on the table, drops the pieces and simply flies off, claiming victory." 632: 504: 370: 229:

rather than engage with a troll is sometimes phrased as "Please don't feed the trolls".

130: 72: 4374:"Feminist Internet: Citing Studies Linking Obesity to Health Problems Is 'Oppressive'" 6258: 6113: 6068: 5953: 5874: 5819: 5814: 5668: 4847: 4505: 4153:

Glass, Rachel Lee; MA; read, CLC Last updated: 4 Feb 2020 ~ 2 min (4 February 2020).

3915: 3640: 3527: 2706: 2575: 2049: 1814: 1393: 1382: 1248: 1225: 976: 919: 881: 874: 819: 751: 691:) is the usual term to denote Internet trolls (examples of common derivate terms are 615: 210: 5229:"Internet Troll Sub-Culture's Savage Spoofing of Mainstream Media [Excerpt]" 4595:"Internet Troll Sub-Culture's Savage Spoofing of Mainstream Media [Excerpt]" 3186:

It just amazes me that when someone goes newbie trolling how many people he catches.

2926: 2349:

The distinction between 'trolling' and online harassment, and the law surrounding it

1862:

orchestrates what it calls a "Troll Army", and has encouraged trolling of Jewish MP

6098: 5980: 5188: 4449: 3590: 2661: 2660:

Navarro-Carrillo, Ginés; Torres-Marín, Jorge; Carretero-Dios, Hugo (January 2021).

2639: 2180:"Troll story: The dark tetrad and online trolling revisited with a glance at humor" 2044: 2024: 1615: 1602: 1576: 1478: 1417: 1374: 1338: 1252: 1237: 1045: 982: 961: 191: 161: 64: 43: 5266:"'The Newsroom' Episode 9 Review and Recap: 'The Blackout – Thompson on Hollywood" 4020: 4003: 2977: 2404:"Trollface hack strikes PlayStation 3? PSU community member reports XMB weirdness" 2034: 5369:"Twitter is suspending 70 pro-Bloomberg accounts, citing 'platform manipulation'" 3690: 3663: 3582: 3371: 3204: 2206: 666:, having read the actual post) would often refer to themselves as a caught fish. 17: 6176: 6078: 5958: 5879: 5854: 5158:"Georgia Varley-inspired trolling law is waste of time says internet campaigner" 4991:"What's my name, Kochi Metro Mascot asks public; Malayalees call it 'Kummanana'" 4122: 4114: 3346: 2905: 1940: 1623: 1619: 1611: 1307: 1255: 1241: 1201: 1084: 391: 203: 84: 5132: 3632: 3392: 3061: 6028: 6010: 5864: 4757: 4730: 4231: 4214: 2690: 2611: 2543: 2439: 2014: 1974: 1950: 1923: 1853: 1771: 1584: 1389: 1263: 1229: 571:, which means to engage in trolling behavior on the internet or social media. 341: 199: 176:

has also been applied to information warfare, hate speech, and even political

169: 88: 4906: 4873: 4839: 4285: 4240: 3856: 3744: 2698: 2567: 2559: 2384: 2215: 2074: 1656:

In the United Kingdom, contributions made to the Internet are covered by the

822:

in 1999. Donath's paper outlines the ambiguity of identity in a disembodied "

458: 238:

and reporting the troll can lead to their account being suspended or banned.

6043: 5918: 5849: 5638: 5629: 3935:. Harvard Gazette. 11 June 2016. Archived from the original on 11 June 2016. 2800: 2779: 2678: 2249:"Police charge alleged creator of Facebook hate page aimed at murder victim" 1989: 1935: 1910: 1440: 1322: 1271: 1213: 943: 704: 500: 352: 258: 221: 184: 96: 76: 68: 4276: 3761:

Herring, Susan; Job-Sluder, Kirk; Scheckler, Rebecca; Barab, Sasha (2002).

3146:

Maybe after I post it, we could go trolling some more and see what happens.

2809: 2631: 2233: 2164: 1196:-like figures, tormenting their targets from a position of relative safety. 585: 5247:"Review: The Newsroom – The Blackout Part 2: Mock Debate: Help me, Rhonda" 4830: 4213:

Ferenczi, Nelli; Marshall, Tara C.; Bejanyan, Kathrine (1 December 2017).

4201: 2375: 187:" is an image occasionally used to indicate trolling in Internet culture. 6093: 6073: 5926: 5889: 5869: 5829: 5709: 5086: 5081: 2877: 2682: 2551: 2184: 2009: 1695: 1481:

has been accused of organized harassment and described as a troll group.

1318: 1064: 889: 736: 366: 337: 291: 177: 108: 5539:"U.S. Army Esports Team May Have Violated the First Amendment on Twitch" 3864: 3840: 2467:""Forever Alone" y "Ay sí, ay sí", entre los más populares – el Diario…" 1943:, she remarks "how crucial gender anxiety is to far-right recruitment". 226: 6088: 6083: 6063: 6000: 5859: 5839: 5461:"I will not be silenced: Australian Muslim fights Twitter 'troll army'" 2623: 1999: 1994: 1979: 1850:, and the participants sometimes explicitly self-identify as "trolls". 1049: 896:) now require commenters to register their names and e-mail addresses. 893: 885: 416: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 324:

in the early 1990s as in the phrase "trolling for newbies", as used in

304: 300: 296: 100: 3763:"Searching for Safety Online: Managing "Trolling" in a Feminist Forum" 3656:

Selling Social Media : The Political Economy of Social Networking

1306:, where agentic characteristics such as competitiveness and dominance 6191: 6058: 6053: 6048: 5894: 5824: 5804: 4256:"Psychoanalytic review of the trolling culture regarding female body" 3795:"Trolled Online: What You Can Do When You're Bullied on Social Media" 3724: 2539: 1719: 1707: 1412:

columnist of "concern troll" behavior in his efforts to downplay the

1193: 827: 744: 725:

are the terms used to name the trolls. The terms are explained by an

555: 496: 321: 289:

of slowly dragging a lure or baited hook from a moving boat, whereas

251: 5722:

Searching for Safety Online: Managing "Trolling" in a Feminist Forum

4726:"Twitter trolls attack radio host Ray Hadley, NRL star Robbie Farah" 4255: 3839:

Paavola, J; Helo, T; Jalonen, H; Sartonen, M; Huhtinen, A-M (2016).

3768:. Center for Social Informatics – Indiana University. Archived from 1385:), was caught posing as a "concerned" supporter of Bass's opponent, 1028:

to issues covered in articles." Discussions about topics other than

3507:] (in Thai). Bangkok: Royal Institute of Thailand. p. 11. 1694:

Pilkington as a "suicidal slut", and posting graphic images on her

678: 6181: 6018: 5938: 5796: 5333:"Experts Say There's 'No Evidence' for Bernie's Russian Bot Claim" 1809: 1742: 1711: 1467: 1457: 1299: 1205: 1181: 1180: 788:

Some psychologists have suggested that flaming would be caused by

740: 726: 708: 595: 469: 333: 270: 262: 220: 56: 51:

an article on Knowledge (XXG) by replacing content with an insult.

42: 5757: 5433:"The Assclown Offensive: How to Enrage the Church of Scientology" 1741:

encounters harassing individuals online, particularly looking at

1722:

were fake and the pictures did not actually feature human waste.

1643:

Internet in Japan § Use and effects of the Internet in Japan

1192:(1896). Radford suggests that many trolls perceive themselves as 6103: 5973: 5948: 5943: 5696: 5296:"Editorial: Online disinformation isn't just for Russia anymore" 4445: 3973:"Internet Trolling as a hybrid warfare tool: the case of Latvia" 3209:. New York, New York, United States: Routledge Inc. p. 48. 1898: 1775: 1595:

According to journalist Swati Chaturvedi and others, the ruling

1274:. Their ability to upset or harm gives them a feeling of power. 1267: 994: 864: 762:) has been adopted to address Internet trolls. According to the 5761: 5028:"Japan makes 'online insults' punishable by one year in prison" 5026:

Jessie Yeung, Emiko Jozuka and Kathleen Benoza (14 June 2022).

4929:"Why Exactly Are We Outraged By Salman Khan's Tweets on Memon?" 4254:

Sinha, Krittika; Huma, Fatima; Baig, Mirza Sarwar (June 2020).

3498:

Photchananukrom Kham Mai Lem Song Chabap Ratchabandittayasathan

5985: 5968: 5963: 5931: 4473:"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006" 4306:

Dewey, Susan; Crowhurst, Isabel; Izugbara, Chimaraoke (2018).

4148: 4146: 2435:""Pasta" y "MasterDog" ya son parte de la jerga universitaria" 1726: 1488: 1295: 1078: 774:

Early incidents of trolling were considered to be the same as

385: 139: 99:, and may have the intent of provoking others into displaying 5082:"Internet trolls face up to two years in jail under new laws" 647:

means "laying waste" and can also be used to refer to simple

5416:

Bond, Robert (1999). "Links, Frames, Meta-tags and Trolls".

5387:"Donald Trump will go down in history as the Troll-in-Chief" 4677:, News.ninemsn.com.au, 1 April 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2010. 3907:

Gary King; Jennifer Pan; Margaret E. Roberts (1 June 2016).

3695:(illustrated, reprint ed.). Routledge. pp. 29–59. 1725:

In August 2012, the subject of trolling was featured on the

1710:, purportedly made of human waste. A user named Pickwick on 794:

the anonymity of online postings would lead to disinhibition

4063:"Facebook: Most political trolls are American, not Russian" 908:

Corporate, political, and special-interest sponsored trolls

5667:

Walter, T.; Hourizi, R.; Moncur, W.; Pitsillides (2012). "

5418:

International Review of Law, Computers & Technology 13

4862:"Yogi Adityanath slams SRK, compares him with Hafiz Saeed" 4037:"Saudis' Image Makers: A Troll Army and a Twitter Insider" 1321:

study on the phenomenon of Internet trolling asserts that

1024:

in comments, they "mostly attack aggressively to maintain

30:"Trolling" redirects here. For the method of fishing, see 5742:

Internet Trolls Are Narcissists, Psychopaths, and Sadists

4687:"Facebook takes (small) step against tribute page trolls" 4309:

Routledge International Handbook of Sex Industry Research

3879:"What's the difference between a troll and a sockpuppet?" 1808:

So-called Gold Membership trolling originated in 2007 on

5487:"The world's greatest internet troll explains his craft" 843:

games which trade on the confusion between physical and

5184:"Lancashire man JAILED over April Jones Facebook posts" 4194:

CSCW: Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work

4002:

Gesser-Edelsburg, Anat; Shir-Raz, Yaffa (August 2016).

3080:

Just go die in your sleep you mindless flatulent troll.

2953:"What Is an Internet Troll? (and How to Handle Trolls)" 2595: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 1844:, are sometimes labeled as "trolling" by media such as 1513: 525:'little white'), is a derogatory term for both 2655: 2653: 2651: 2649: 47:

A revision of a Knowledge (XXG) article shows a troll

5131:

Tom de Castella; Virginia Brown (14 September 2011).

4442:"Bass Aide Resigns After Posing As Democrat On Blogs" 3971:

Spruds, Andris; Rožukalne, Anda; et al. (n.d.).

2856:"Internet Slang: Where Did The Word Troll Come From?" 2363:"Into the wild online: Learning from Internet trolls" 2151:

Buckels, E.E.; Trapnell, P.D.; Paulhus, D.L. (2014).

1826:

resulted primarily from trolling. Six days after the

1416:. Wolcott links what he calls concern trolls to what 1052:

trolls to harass the late Saudi dissident journalist

2128:. Ziff Davis Publishing Holdings Inc. Archived from 1355:, but with professed "concerns". The goal is to sow 6190: 6112: 6009: 5917: 5795: 2071:"TROLL English Definition and Meaning | Lexico.com" 1118:"internet troll" psychological characteristics 1030:

international sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis

5053:"Japan to start jailing people for online insults" 4689:, TG Daily, 30 March 2010. Retrieved 5 April 2010. 4480:Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives 4061: 4035: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 5618: 5616: 4260:Indian Journal of Health, Sexuality & Culture 3505:Royal Institute Dictionary of New Words, Volume 2 1895:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 997:Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence on 3756: 3754: 3418:"כתב פוסטים מרושעים בפייסבוק ונשלח לכלא לשנתיים" 2784:Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 1941:discriminatory comments about transgender people 134:have used "troll" to mean "a person who defaces 3268:Some people call this game trolling for newbies 2825:"Don't feed the trolls, and other hideous lies" 2733:"Probing the Sadistic Minds of Internet Trolls" 2153:"Trolls Just Want to Have Fun: (520722015-006)" 1905:. The team has since denied these allegations. 1422: 1286:report that trolling behaviour qualifies as an 849: 832: 5669:Does the Internet Change How We Die And Mourn? 5013:"Malayalam Slang Words Every Indian Must Know" 4753:"Twitter makes moves to prevent online trolls" 3654:"Litigation or: In Defense of Patent Trolls", 638: 621: 606:(to be trolling, to troll about) may be used. 5773: 5732:Malwebolence – The World of Web Trolling 4895:"Salman defends Yakub, says hang Tiger Memon" 4668:"Internet without laws a 'recipe for anarchy' 4402:"Bass aide resigns for fake website postings" 4109: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4101: 2778:March, Evita; Steele, Genevieve (July 2020). 2745:Society for Personality and Social Psychology 2519: 2517: 2251:. Australia: The Courier Mail. Archived from 1502:The examples and perspective in this section 721:(literally, "chessplayer pigeons") or simply 8: 3372:"Language Log » The toll of the trolls" 1359:within the group, sometimes by appealing to 971:A 2016 study by Harvard political scientist 566: 559: 5111:"Internet trolls to face 2 years in prison" 4701:"Time is up for Twitter trolls and bullies" 4178:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3966: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3606:Contexts of Computer-Mediated Communication 3448:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2351:". Griffin Law. Retrieved 17 February 2022. 1056:and other critics of the Saudi government. 546: 520: 486: 463: 5780: 5766: 5758: 5513:"The US Army is losing the war in Discord" 5404:"All that glisters is not (Facebook) gold" 5109:UK Ministry of Justice (20 October 2014). 5076: 5074: 4495:"Political Pieties from a Post-Natal Drip" 3113: 3111: 2946: 2944: 1520:, or create a new section, as appropriate. 1208:in history and the modern day in his book 164:. Some readers may characterize a post as 4993:. The New Indian Express. 1 December 2017 4829: 4275: 4230: 4019: 3552:"How the Internet created an age of rage" 3532:Sky-Writing, Or, When Man First Met Troll 3501:พจนานุกรมคำใหม่ เล่ม ๒ ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน 3198: 3196: 3194: 2799: 2374: 2223: 2205: 1891:war crimes committed by the United States 1536:Learn how and when to remove this message 1169:Learn how and when to remove this message 432:Learn how and when to remove this message 5738:, By Mattathias Schwartz; 3 August 2008. 5693:– trolling advice, comment, and training 4088:"Political trolls are invading LinkedIn" 3280:Zotti, Ed; et al. (14 April 2000). 1901:and Knight First Amendment Institute at 952:Joint Threat Research Intelligence Group 551:'sprayer', ' spurter'). 4202:https://doi.org/10.1145/2998181.2998213 3545: 3543: 3351:www.kevinandkell.com – Kevin & Kell 2283:Explores the Dark Side of the Internet" 2062: 1701:Nikki Catsouras photographs controversy 1346:pretend to be sympathetic to a certain 975:reported that the Chinese government's 172:or off-topic banter. However, the term 5480: 5478: 4471:Lorraine, Miller (21 September 2007). 4171: 3938: 3723:Phillips, Whitney (2 September 2016). 3684: 3682: 3393:"מה זה טרול - מילון עברי עברי - מילוג" 3025:Schwartz, Mattathias (3 August 2008). 3020: 3018: 2391:from the original on 16 December 2023. 1587:have been victims of this phenomenon. 1105:Please improve this section by adding 839:Donath provides a concise overview of 316:The context of the quote cited in the 254:origins in the early 1980s or before. 5699:– free expert advice on online safety 5601:from the original on 14 December 2023 5459:Whiteman, Hilary (28 February 2015). 5431:Dibbell, Julian (21 September 2009). 4807: 4805: 4803: 4801: 4076:from the original on 11 January 2022. 3902: 3900: 3834: 3832: 2835:from the original on 25 December 2021 2490: 2488: 1914:columnist Amanda Marcotte, author of 1266:). Trolls take pleasure from causing 1007:military history of the United States 682: 107:others' perception, thus acting as a 7: 5645:from the original on 18 October 2021 5623:Marcotte, Amanda (18 October 2021). 4781:"'I Am a Troll' by Swati Chaturvedi" 4400:Saunders, Anne (27 September 2006). 4372:Timpf, Katherine (26 January 2016). 4050:from the original on 3 January 2022. 3983:from the original on 28 January 2016 1749:to the use of Russian Twitter bots. 1466:article discussed troll activity at 1444:titled "Dems: Ignore 'Concern Trolls 1247:Trolling correlates positively with 414:adding citations to reliable sources 5511:Hernandez, Patricia (1 July 2020). 4649:Guerin, Cécile (12 February 2019). 4566:Phillips, Whitney (20 March 2015). 4448:. 26 September 2006. Archived from 4339:Cox, Ana Marie (16 December 2006). 3334:Tom "nice troll, by the way" Wilbur 3052:Miller, Mark S. (8 February 1990). 2324:from the original on 9 August 2022. 1044:reported in late October 2018 that 914:State-sponsored Internet propaganda 567: 560: 4953:Ashoka Prasad (18 February 2013). 4812:Mitra, Sreya (15 September 2020). 4699:Jones, Gemma (11 September 2012). 4620:"How to be a Great Internet Troll" 2495:Manjoo, Farhad (5 December 2012). 2361:Birkbak, Andreas (30 April 2018). 1294:(SPD). Researches have shown that 25: 4818:Transformative Works and Cultures 4493:Wolcott, James (6 October 2006). 3820:"Where Anonymity Breeds Contempt" 2982:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary 2951:Vicente, Vann (21 January 2020). 1658:Malicious Communications Act 1988 770:Trolling, identity, and anonymity 729:or popular saying: "Arguing with 717:to denote trolling behavior, and 598:) may refer to trolls, the verbs 6236: 6224: 6213: 6212: 5908: 5589:Venhuizen, Harm (20 July 2020). 5568:Knight First Amendment Institute 5227:Whitney Phillips (15 May 2015). 5133:"Trolling: Who does it and why?" 4779:Kazmin, Amy (20 February 2017). 3240:Cromar, Scott (9 October 1992). 3104:. Oxford University Press. 2006. 2731:Buckels, Erin E. (7 June 2019). 2414:from the original on 15 May 2021 2073:. 24 August 2022. Archived from 1953: 1493: 1083: 390: 273:. The word evokes the trolls of 5727:How to Respond to Internet Rage 5537:Gault, Matthew (16 July 2020). 4927:Mathew, Suresh (27 July 2015). 4536:"Dems: Ignore 'concern trolls'" 3658:, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2017, 3306:Wilbur, Tom (8 February 1993). 2524:Dynel, Marta (September 2016). 2347:Baldwin, Z. (24 August 2018). " 401:needs additional citations for 4127:University of New Mexico Press 3933:"Behind China's viral curtain" 3845:Journal of Information Warfare 3158:Esan, David (2 October 1992). 3118:Chan, Terry (8 October 1992). 2823:Joel, William (12 July 2018). 2247:Orreal, Jorja (22 July 2010). 1922:exclusively male organization 1660:as well as Section 127 of the 1485:Media coverage and controversy 1290:and is strongly correlated to 1204:wrote about the phenomenon of 792:or decreased self-evaluation: 27:Person who sows discord online 1: 5264:Beth Hanna (20 August 2012). 4155:"Coping with Internet Trolls" 4021:10.1080/13669877.2016.1215343 3799:www.criminaldefenselawyer.com 3308:"AFU REALLY REALLY WAY SOUTH" 3003:John Saar (4 February 1972). 2312:Beth Hanna (20 August 2012). 2277:Toder, Matt (31 March 2010). 1823:Zeran v. America Online, Inc. 1292:sadistic personality disorder 1107:secondary or tertiary sources 1075:Psychological characteristics 448:, trolling is referred to as 365:The August 26, 1997 strip of 5685:Trolling advocacy and safety 5485:Edwards, Phil (6 May 2016). 4546:Capitol Hill Publishing Corp 4341:"Making Mischief on the Web" 4268:Indian Institute of Sexology 3664:10.5040/9781501319723.ch-005 3583:10.1037/0003-066X.39.10.1123 2207:10.1371/journal.pone.0280271 2178:Volkmer, Sara (March 2023). 1434:published an op-ed piece by 1368:wishes to shame obese people 1357:fear, uncertainty, and doubt 714:complexo do pombo enxadrista 6285:Pejorative terms for people 4219:Computers in Human Behavior 3556:The Guardian (The Observer) 3550:Adams, Tim (24 July 2011). 3494:Royal Institute of Thailand 2883:Online Etymology Dictionary 2670:Computers in Human Behavior 1516:, discuss the issue on the 1278:conducted in the fields of 805:Individuality and the Group 764:Royal Institute of Thailand 699:, "trolling", and the verb 299:" was documented in use by 6306: 5704:Background and definitions 4312:. Routledge. p. 723. 3633:10.1177/009365098025006006 2402:Prahl, Kyle (9 May 2013). 2101:Collins English Dictionary 1640: 1366:For example, a person who 1336: 1218:human–computer interaction 990:and 50 Cent Party trolls. 948:Public diplomacy of Israel 917: 911: 281:In modern English usage, " 29: 6208: 5906: 4572:. MIT Press. p. 20. 4412:Newspapers of New England 4232:10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.033 3945:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3692:Communities in Cyberspace 3102:Oxford English Dictionary 2691:10.1016/j.chb.2020.106551 2497:"Stop Calling Me a Troll" 2122:"Definition of: trolling" 936:Bolivarian Army of Trolls 800:of a certain user group. 739:) is the same as playing 639: 622: 542: 516: 482: 457: 318:Oxford English Dictionary 310:Oxford English Dictionary 196:psychopathological sadism 6122:Advertising and products 4008:Journal of Risk Research 3500: 3470: 2531:Intercultural Pragmatics 1687:On 31 March 2010, NBC's 1550:psychological harassment 1477:The online French group 1276:Psychological researches 1228:and its correlations to 156:Application of the term 5736:New York Times Magazine 4973:"NL Hafta – Episode 24" 4499:James Wolcott's Blog – 3471:관심을 바라는 사람, 영어로 뭐라고 해요? 3160:"Mixed up translations" 2927:"Trolls. Who are they?" 2801:10.1089/cyber.2019.0652 2612:Chichester, West Sussex 2338:". University of Turin. 1766:presidential candidate 1662:Communications Act 2003 1406:accused a conservative 1048:used an online army of 932:Public opinion brigades 928:Operation Earnest Voice 673:, more commonly in its 499:, and are also used in 5217:. Accessed 6 Aug 2024. 4955:"Taking On The Trolls" 4277:10.5281/zenodo.3929149 3621:Communication Research 3347:"Tuesday Aug, 26 1997" 3242:"Trolling for Newbies" 2792:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2603:Journal of Personality 2165:10.1037/e520722015-006 1918:(2018), described the 1877:In 2020, the official 1597:Bharatiya Janata Party 1472:Encyclopedia Dramatica 1427: 1280:personality psychology 1197: 1094:relies excessively on 1022:anti-Western sentiment 956:Megaphone desktop tool 854: 837: 689:spelling pronunciation 230: 136:Internet tribute sites 52: 36:Troll (disambiguation) 34:. For other uses, see 5270:Thompson on Hollywood 4831:10.3983/twc.2020.1775 3571:American Psychologist 3027:"The Trolls Among Us" 2376:10.5210/fm.v22i5.8297 2097:"Definition of troll" 1828:Oklahoma City bombing 1784:presidential campaign 1392:, on several liberal 1308:are encouraged in men 1288:anti-social behaviour 1184: 993:A 2016 study for the 918:Further information: 687:in most of Brazil as 334:glass flows over time 275:Scandinavian folklore 224: 194:have determined that 46: 6280:Internet terminology 6127:Animation and comics 5754:. 18 September 2014. 5691:The Trolling Academy 4673:4 April 2010 at the 2552:10.1515/ip-2016-0015 2408:PlayStation Universe 1866:and Muslim activist 1840:, commonly known as 1514:improve this section 1504:may not represent a 1438:of the liberal blog 1230:aggressive behaviour 1026:emotional attachment 940:Russian web brigades 814:in 1997 in the book 410:improve this article 330:common misconception 242:Origin and etymology 5996:Padonkaffsky jargon 5716:Academic and debate 5710:NetLingo definition 5375:. 21 February 2020. 5357:. 20 February 2020. 5339:. 21 February 2020. 5233:Scientific American 5211:Crimes Social Media 4868:. 4 November 2015. 4599:Scientific American 4593:Phillips, Whitney. 4512:on 18 February 2009 4452:on 23 November 2008 4072:. 12 October 2018. 4069:The Daily Telegraph 4046:. 20 October 2018. 3826:, 29 November 2010. 3284:. The Straight Dope 2336:The Art of Trolling 2198:2023PLoSO..1880271V 2020:Narcissistic supply 2005:Hit-and-run posting 1934:, and podcast host 1903:Columbia University 1409:New York Daily News 1272:emotional suffering 1061:The Daily Telegraph 1003:Russo-Ukrainian War 924:Internet Water Army 845:epistemic community 347:By the late 1990s, 320:sets the origin in 285:" may describe the 142:television program 5420:. pp. 317–23. 5393:. 29 January 2021. 5321:. 3 February 2019. 4534:(9 January 2008). 4353:on 13 January 2007 4326:Geek Feminism Wiki 4094:. 7 November 2018. 4043:The New York Times 3885:. 23 February 2018 3824:The New York Times 3316:alt.folklore.urban 3282:"What is a troll?" 3250:alt.folklore.urban 3168:alt.folklore.urban 3128:alt.folklore.urban 3031:The New York Times 2624:10.1111/jopy.12393 2473:on 2 December 2013 2293:on 2 November 2013 1920:American far-right 1752:The New York Times 1414:Mark Foley scandal 1304:gender stereotypes 1198: 1041:The New York Times 841:identity deception 719:pombos enxadristas 382:In other languages 349:alt.folklore.urban 326:alt.folklore.urban 231: 207:personality traits 53: 32:Trolling (fishing) 6265:Internet trolling 6252: 6251: 6200:Eternal September 5373:Los Angeles Times 5302:. 8 January 2019. 5300:Los Angeles Times 5215:www.london.gov.uk 5164:. 14 January 2012 5137:BBC News Magazine 5090:. 19 October 2014 4630:on 21 August 2010 4579:978-0-262-32900-2 4532:Moulitsas, Markos 3775:on 8 January 2017 3736:978-0-262-52987-7 3673:978-1-5013-1969-3 2876:Harper, Douglas. 2255:on 11 August 2011 2077:on 24 August 2022 1985:Fake news website 1887:U.S. Army Esports 1859:The Daily Stormer 1842:Project Chanology 1780:Michael Bloomberg 1730:television series 1546: 1545: 1538: 1456:The online forum 1353:share their goals 1179: 1178: 1171: 1153: 1059:In October 2018, 1018:critical thinking 824:virtual community 818:, and a paper by 816:Interface Culture 549: 523: 489: 466: 442: 441: 434: 287:fishing technique 120:online harassment 81:online video game 18:Internet trolling 16:(Redirected from 6297: 6290:1990s neologisms 6240: 6228: 6216: 6215: 5912: 5810:Creepy treehouse 5782: 5775: 5768: 5759: 5751:Psychology Today 5746:Jennifer Golbeck 5671:" — An overview 5655: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5620: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5606: 5586: 5580: 5579: 5577: 5575: 5560: 5554: 5553: 5551: 5549: 5534: 5528: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5508: 5502: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5482: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5456: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5445: 5428: 5422: 5421: 5413: 5407: 5401: 5395: 5394: 5383: 5377: 5376: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5329: 5323: 5322: 5311: 5305: 5303: 5292: 5286: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5272:. Archived from 5261: 5255: 5254: 5243: 5237: 5236: 5224: 5218: 5208: 5202: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5192:. 8 October 2012 5180: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5169: 5154: 5148: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5106: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5078: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5023: 5017: 5016: 5009: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4987: 4981: 4980: 4969: 4963: 4962: 4950: 4944: 4943: 4941: 4939: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4915: 4913: 4901:. 26 July 2015. 4891: 4885: 4884: 4882: 4880: 4858: 4852: 4851: 4833: 4809: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4749: 4743: 4742: 4740: 4738: 4722: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4711: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4646: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4635: 4626:. Archived from 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4605: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4508:. Archived from 4490: 4484: 4483: 4477: 4468: 4462: 4461: 4459: 4457: 4438: 4432: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4418:. Archived from 4416:Associated Press 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4369: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4349:. Archived from 4336: 4330: 4323: 4303: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4279: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4234: 4210: 4204: 4190: 4184: 4183: 4177: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4159:psychcentral.com 4150: 4141: 4140: 4111: 4096: 4095: 4092:Business Insider 4084: 4078: 4077: 4065: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4039: 4032: 4026: 4025: 4023: 3999: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3968: 3951: 3950: 3944: 3936: 3929: 3923: 3922: 3920: 3914:. Archived from 3913: 3904: 3895: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3836: 3827: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3805: 3791: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3774: 3767: 3758: 3749: 3748: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3686: 3677: 3676: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3616: 3610: 3609: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3566: 3560: 3559: 3547: 3538: 3525: 3519: 3518: 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3466: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3444:"Troll Politics" 3440: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3429: 3414: 3408: 3407: 3405: 3403: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3380: 3378: 3368: 3362: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3331: 3329: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3291: 3289: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3265: 3263: 3237: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3223: 3206:Internet culture 3200: 3189: 3188: 3183: 3181: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3143: 3141: 3115: 3106: 3105: 3089: 3083: 3082: 3077: 3075: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3022: 3013: 3012: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2989: 2974: 2968: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2948: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2923: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2912: 2901: 2895: 2894: 2892: 2890: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2842: 2840: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2803: 2775: 2756: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2741:Washington, D.C. 2728: 2711: 2710: 2666: 2657: 2644: 2643: 2597: 2580: 2579: 2521: 2512: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2492: 2483: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2469:. Archived from 2463: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2443:. Archived from 2430: 2424: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2378: 2358: 2352: 2345: 2339: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2309: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2289:. Archived from 2274: 2265: 2264: 2262: 2260: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2227: 2209: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2118: 2112: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2093: 2087: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2067: 2030:Patriotic Nigras 1963: 1958: 1957: 1885:channel for the 1868:Mariam Veiszadeh 1834:Anti-scientology 1758: 1737:. The character 1716:Fox News Channel 1573:Charlotte Dawson 1541: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1521: 1497: 1496: 1489: 1447: 1436:Markos Moulitsas 1298:, compared with 1260:Machiavellianism 1174: 1167: 1163: 1160: 1154: 1152: 1111: 1087: 1079: 857:Whitney Phillips 686: 646: 644: 643: 629: 627: 626: 570: 569: 563: 562: 550: 547: 544: 524: 521: 518: 507:. Another term, 490: 487: 484: 467: 464: 461: 437: 430: 426: 423: 417: 394: 386: 125:The Courier-Mail 21: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6295: 6294: 6270:Culture jamming 6255: 6254: 6253: 6248: 6204: 6186: 6108: 6005: 5913: 5904: 5791: 5786: 5718: 5706: 5697:Get Safe Online 5687: 5682: 5664: 5662:Further reading 5659: 5658: 5648: 5646: 5622: 5621: 5614: 5604: 5602: 5588: 5587: 5583: 5573: 5571: 5562: 5561: 5557: 5547: 5545: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5521: 5519: 5510: 5509: 5505: 5495: 5493: 5484: 5483: 5476: 5466: 5464: 5458: 5457: 5453: 5443: 5441: 5430: 5429: 5425: 5415: 5414: 5410: 5402: 5398: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5367: 5366: 5362: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5337:The Daily Beast 5331: 5330: 5326: 5313: 5312: 5308: 5294: 5293: 5289: 5279: 5277: 5263: 5262: 5258: 5253:. 13 July 2023. 5245: 5244: 5240: 5226: 5225: 5221: 5209: 5205: 5195: 5193: 5182: 5181: 5177: 5167: 5165: 5156: 5155: 5151: 5141: 5139: 5130: 5129: 5125: 5115: 5113: 5108: 5107: 5103: 5093: 5091: 5080: 5079: 5072: 5062: 5060: 5051: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5011: 5010: 5006: 4996: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4979:. 17 July 2015. 4971: 4970: 4966: 4952: 4951: 4947: 4937: 4935: 4926: 4925: 4921: 4911: 4909: 4893: 4892: 4888: 4878: 4876: 4860: 4859: 4855: 4811: 4810: 4799: 4789: 4787: 4785:Financial Times 4778: 4777: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4751: 4750: 4746: 4736: 4734: 4724: 4723: 4719: 4709: 4707: 4698: 4697: 4693: 4685: 4681: 4675:Wayback Machine 4666: 4662: 4648: 4647: 4643: 4633: 4631: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4603: 4601: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4580: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4515: 4513: 4492: 4491: 4487: 4475: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4455: 4453: 4440: 4439: 4435: 4425: 4423: 4407:Concord Monitor 4399: 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4379:National Review 4371: 4370: 4366: 4356: 4354: 4338: 4337: 4333: 4320: 4305: 4304: 4300: 4290: 4288: 4253: 4252: 4248: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4191: 4187: 4170: 4163: 4161: 4152: 4151: 4144: 4137: 4113: 4112: 4099: 4086: 4085: 4081: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3984: 3977:stratcomcoe.org 3970: 3969: 3954: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3921:on 2 June 2016. 3918: 3911: 3906: 3905: 3898: 3888: 3886: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3838: 3837: 3830: 3817: 3813: 3803: 3801: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3778: 3776: 3772: 3765: 3760: 3759: 3752: 3737: 3722: 3721: 3717: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3688: 3687: 3680: 3674: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3577:(10): 1123–34. 3568: 3567: 3563: 3549: 3548: 3541: 3526: 3522: 3515: 3502: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3453: 3451: 3450:. 22 April 2020 3442: 3441: 3437: 3427: 3425: 3416: 3415: 3411: 3401: 3399: 3391: 3390: 3386: 3376: 3374: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3355: 3353: 3345: 3344: 3340: 3327: 3325: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3287: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3261: 3259: 3239: 3238: 3234: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3202: 3201: 3192: 3179: 3177: 3157: 3156: 3152: 3139: 3137: 3117: 3116: 3109: 3091: 3090: 3086: 3073: 3071: 3051: 3050: 3046: 3036: 3034: 3033:. pp. MM24 3024: 3023: 3016: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2987: 2985: 2976: 2975: 2971: 2961: 2959: 2950: 2949: 2942: 2932: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2910: 2908: 2903: 2902: 2898: 2888: 2886: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2860: 2858: 2853: 2852: 2848: 2838: 2836: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2777: 2776: 2759: 2749: 2747: 2730: 2729: 2714: 2664: 2659: 2658: 2647: 2616:Wiley-Blackwell 2599: 2598: 2583: 2526:Kecskés, István 2523: 2522: 2515: 2505: 2503: 2494: 2493: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2465: 2464: 2460: 2450: 2448: 2447:on 19 July 2013 2432: 2431: 2427: 2417: 2415: 2401: 2400: 2396: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2346: 2342: 2333: 2329: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2276: 2275: 2268: 2258: 2256: 2246: 2245: 2241: 2192:(3): e0280271. 2177: 2176: 2172: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2133: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2105: 2103: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2080: 2078: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2040:Owning the libs 1961:Internet portal 1959: 1952: 1949: 1806: 1764:2020 Democratic 1756: 1685: 1654: 1645: 1639: 1593: 1568:Daily Telegraph 1558: 1542: 1531: 1525: 1522: 1511: 1498: 1494: 1487: 1454: 1445: 1361:outrage culture 1341: 1335: 1284:cyberpsychology 1234:katagelasticism 1222:cyberpsychology 1175: 1164: 1158: 1155: 1112: 1110: 1104: 1100:primary sources 1088: 1077: 1054:Jamal Khashoggi 1001:notes that the 958: 916: 910: 798:social identity 790:deindividuation 772: 684:[ˈtɾɔw] 636: 619: 438: 427: 421: 418: 407: 395: 384: 244: 219: 154: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6303: 6301: 6293: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6257: 6256: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6246: 6234: 6222: 6209: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6196: 6194: 6188: 6187: 6185: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6118: 6116: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6015: 6013: 6007: 6006: 6004: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5977: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5946: 5941: 5936: 5935: 5934: 5923: 5921: 5915: 5914: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5885:Shadow banning 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5801: 5799: 5793: 5792: 5789:Internet slang 5787: 5785: 5784: 5777: 5770: 5762: 5756: 5755: 5739: 5729: 5724: 5717: 5714: 5713: 5712: 5705: 5702: 5701: 5700: 5694: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5680:External links 5678: 5677: 5676: 5663: 5660: 5657: 5656: 5612: 5581: 5570:. 22 July 2020 5555: 5529: 5503: 5474: 5451: 5423: 5408: 5396: 5391:The New Yorker 5378: 5360: 5342: 5324: 5306: 5287: 5276:on 1 July 2015 5256: 5238: 5219: 5203: 5175: 5162:Liverpool Echo 5149: 5123: 5101: 5070: 5044: 5018: 5004: 4982: 4964: 4945: 4919: 4886: 4853: 4797: 4771: 4744: 4717: 4691: 4679: 4660: 4641: 4611: 4585: 4578: 4558: 4523: 4485: 4463: 4433: 4422:on 17 May 2013 4392: 4364: 4331: 4319:978-1351133890 4318: 4298: 4246: 4205: 4185: 4142: 4136:978-0826356666 4135: 4097: 4079: 4053: 4027: 4014:(4): 395–416. 3994: 3952: 3924: 3896: 3870: 3851:(4): 100–111. 3828: 3811: 3786: 3750: 3735: 3715: 3702:978-0415191401 3701: 3678: 3672: 3646: 3611: 3596: 3561: 3539: 3520: 3513: 3485: 3461: 3435: 3424:. 10 July 2013 3409: 3384: 3363: 3338: 3298: 3272: 3232: 3216:978-0415916837 3215: 3190: 3150: 3120:"Post the FAQ" 3107: 3084: 3044: 3014: 2995: 2969: 2940: 2918: 2896: 2868: 2846: 2815: 2757: 2712: 2645: 2581: 2513: 2484: 2458: 2433:Valle, Mario. 2425: 2394: 2353: 2340: 2327: 2304: 2281:The Today Show 2266: 2239: 2170: 2143: 2113: 2088: 2061: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1970:Cancel culture 1966: 1965: 1964: 1948: 1945: 1932:Tucker Carlson 1864:Luciana Berger 1805: 1802: 1798:The New Yorker 1791:U.S. president 1768:Bernie Sanders 1684: 1681: 1666:Chris Grayling 1653: 1652:United Kingdom 1650: 1638: 1635: 1607:Shah Rukh Khan 1592: 1589: 1581:Laura Dundovic 1562:Stephen Conroy 1557: 1554: 1544: 1543: 1508:of the subject 1506:worldwide view 1501: 1499: 1492: 1486: 1483: 1463:New York Times 1453: 1450: 1344:Concern trolls 1334: 1331: 1315:psychoanalytic 1190:Briton Rivière 1177: 1176: 1091: 1089: 1082: 1076: 1073: 1063:reported that 1014:misinformation 999:hybrid warfare 909: 906: 812:Steven Johnson 771: 768: 602:(to troll) or 505:mainland China 493:male genitalia 440: 439: 398: 396: 389: 383: 380: 374:used the word 371:Kevin and Kell 243: 240: 225:The advice to 218: 215: 174:Internet troll 153: 150: 131:The Today Show 103:responses, or 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6302: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6275:Cyberbullying 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6245: 6244: 6239: 6235: 6233: 6232: 6227: 6223: 6221: 6220: 6211: 6210: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6189: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6172:Miscellaneous 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6119: 6117: 6115: 6111: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 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2941: 2928: 2922: 2919: 2907: 2906:"Trollmother" 2900: 2897: 2885: 2884: 2879: 2872: 2869: 2857: 2854:Van, Thomas. 2850: 2847: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2819: 2816: 2811: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2746: 2742: 2738: 2734: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2680: 2676: 2672: 2671: 2663: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2582: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2532: 2527: 2520: 2518: 2514: 2502: 2498: 2491: 2489: 2485: 2472: 2468: 2462: 2459: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2436: 2429: 2426: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2395: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2344: 2341: 2337: 2331: 2328: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2308: 2305: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2282: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2254: 2250: 2243: 2240: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2186: 2181: 2174: 2171: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2147: 2144: 2132:on 1 May 2010 2131: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2114: 2102: 2098: 2092: 2089: 2076: 2072: 2066: 2063: 2056: 2051: 2050:Social gadfly 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1962: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1912: 1908:In 2021, the 1906: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1818: 1816: 1815:Internet meme 1811: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1760: 1754: 1753: 1746: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1735: 1731: 1728: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1697: 1692: 1691: 1683:United States 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1651: 1649: 1644: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1625: 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