867:
569:
593:, is stretched across the frame and fastened down with a string. The drum can reach one meter in diameter but are usually smaller, around one yard in length. It is struck on the edge of the rim by a qatuk, or a wooden beater. The resulting sound is a combination of the percussive attack from striking the wood and the resulting vibrations from the stretched membrane. Some groups such as the
853:
393:
511:. When competing, two women stand face-to-face and sing using a complex method of following each other, thus that one voice hits a strong accent while the other hits a weak, melding the two voices into a nearly indistinguishable single sound. They repeat brief motifs at staggered intervals, often
523:
or other wildlife, until one runs out of breath, trips over her own tongue, or begins laughing, and the contest is then over. "The old woman who teaches the children corrects sloppy intonation of contours, poorly meshed phrase displacements, and vague rhythms exactly like a
Western vocal coach."
547:
Inuit vocal games are usually played by two women facing each other in close proximity. They use the other participant's oral cavity as resonators but may also play under a kitchen pot for the resonances to be more pronounced. The game consists of repeating meaningless words in tight rhythmic
552:. The strong accent of one participant coincides with the weak of the other. The breathing of the players are thus also alternated. Vocal techniques include voiced and voiceless articulations and different articulations, and different placement of sound in the chest, throat and nose areas.
328:
Characteristics of Inuit music include recitative-like singing, complex rhythmic organization, a relatively small melodic range averaging about a sixth, prominence of major thirds and minor seconds melodically, and undulating melodic movement.
397:
400:
399:
396:
395:
401:
398:
2783:
272:
370:
functions as a personal song of a drummer and is accompanied by dancing and singing. Each drummer has his own style and performs during gatherings. One drum is used in the performance of a
503:(also pirkusirtuk and nipaquhiit) is a type of traditional competitive, but cooperative, song, considered a game, usually held between two women. It is one of the world's few examples of
2072:
246:
241:
589:. It is made from boiling and bending strips of wood about two to three inches wide into a circular frame with a handle protruding out. Detailed animal skin, usually
394:
265:
1527:
986:
2037:
1519:
1099:
539:
Many contemporary Inuit musicians now blend aspects of traditional Inuit music with mainstream popular music genres such as rock, pop and country music.
258:
1178:
384:
is played on the edge with a wooden beater called a qatuk. The performer tilts the drum from one side to another and dances in rhythm of the beats.
1951:
2329:
1906:
137:
703:
played a critical role in the distribution and promotion of Inuit music; as an essential cultural link between the remote communities of the
1158:
2152:
2934:
1581:
1069:
1048:
945:
680:
512:
28:
647:. It is not clear as to whether the instrument is purely indigenous, or introduced by Nordic sailors, either pre or post-Columbus.
444:
Until the advent of commercial recording technology, Inuit music was usually used in spiritual ceremonies to ask the spirits (see
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and rhythmic complexity of the music was replaced with structures more resembling the structures of
Western music.
35:
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Contact with
European explorers in the 16th and 17th centuries brought Western influence to Inuit music. The
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songs seem to have been intended to be heard as parts of a whole--a series of auditory experiences."
322:
177:
317:, has been based on drums used in dance music as far back as can be known, and a vocal style called
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and often begins in a slow tempo, gradually building in intensity. The wooden
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61:
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1762:
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1318:
837:
757:
696:
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615:
and is played by certain groups such as the Inuit in Eskimo Point (now
573:
457:
449:
433:
of music as such is also absent from their culture." The closest word,
410:
172:
507:, a unique method of producing sounds that is otherwise best known in
468:. These musical beginnings were modified with the arrival of European
2481:
2386:
2261:
2256:
2020:
1993:
1201:
747:
708:
636:
616:
586:
469:
438:
380:
1474:
2598:
2015:
1981:
1740:
1323:
683:
has been broadcasting music in Inuit communities since 1961, when
612:
567:
516:
437:, includes music, the sound of speech, and noise. Traditionally, "
391:
306:
1745:
812:
1140:
421:
did not have a word for what a
European-influenced listener or
2625:
604:
Other percussion instruments include smaller drums and rattles
477:
1060:
Koranda, Lorraine D. (1983). "Music of the
Alaskan Eskimos",
492:
has been especially popular among Inuit in the 20th century.
472:, especially from Scotland and Ireland. Instruments like the
718:
launched
Aakuluk Music, the first Nunavut-based independent
601:
use wands to beat the drums instead of thick wooden beaters.
429:, "and ethnographic investigation seems to suggest that the
1179:
Music on the World
Register of Intangible Cultural Heritage
1100:"Inuit pop, Algonquin rap, Innu reggae aim for mainstream"
344:
have generally two categories of music. A song is called
1064:, p.358. May, Elizabeth; ed. University of California.
460:. Inuit music has long been noted for a stoic lack of
651:
is one of the few cultures of the
Americas to have a
1043:, 1987). Translated by Carolyn Abbate (1990), p.56.
2882:
2782:
2328:
2151:
2071:
2036:
1950:
1845:
1776:
1731:
1675:
1580:
1518:
1507:
1291:
1194:
1185:
1037:Music and Discourse: Toward a Semiology of Music
711:-based musicians to record a song or an album.
325:) has become of interest in Canada and abroad.
1152:
662:is a one-string fiddle or lute played by the
581:The main percussion instrument is the wooden
266:
8:
1728:
1577:
1515:
1191:
1159:
1145:
1137:
273:
259:
15:
980:
1062:Musics of Many Cultures: An Introduction
906:""Interviewing Inuit Elders: Glossary",
707:, it often served as the only venue for
362:) if the performer also plays drums and
956:
954:
897:
221:
185:
129:
43:
18:
476:were popularized, and dances like the
44:Music of indigenous tribes and peoples
555:Vocal games are unique to the Inuit.
7:
940:, p.107. Harvard University Press.
1041:Musicologie générale et sémiologue
14:
681:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
865:
851:
714:In 2016, the Nunavut-based band
611:has also been introduced to the
2892:20th-century Western folk music
989:from the original on 2019-05-29
1130:. Accessed: December 07, 2016.
528:Influence from Western culture
1:
687:was opened in Frobisher Bay,
222:Awards ceremonies and awards
29:North American Indian music
3026:
1989:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
938:Music in Primitive Culture
36:Aboriginal music of Canada
1299:American primitive guitar
1176:
1169:Folk and indigenous music
910:(Nunavut Arctic College)"
2365:Bosnian and Herzegovinan
576:dance near Nome in 1900.
513:imitating natural sounds
366:if he only dances. Each
963:"The Eskimo Drum Dance"
1887:by ethnocultural group
1195:By subject or function
577:
414:
2091:Indigenous Australian
1081:Nattiez (1990), p.57.
1033:Nattiez, Jean-Jacques
961:Arima, E. Y. (1974).
689:Northwest Territories
571:
404:
209:Native American flute
1934:Cape Breton fiddling
1104:Agence France-Presse
701:CBC Northern Service
670:and southwest Alaska
509:Tuvan throat-singing
456:, as well as simple
323:Inuit throat singing
305:), the music of the
2499:Starogradska muzika
2465:Starogradska muzika
2404:Starogradska muzika
2392:Starogradska muzika
2375:Starogradska muzika
982:10.14430/arctic2854
916:on February 8, 2012
559:Musical instruments
448:) for good luck in
423:ethnomusicologist's
19:Indigenous music of
2784:Middle Eastern and
1424:Medieval folk rock
1122:2012-04-06 at the
798:Charlie Panigoniak
778:Simeonie Keenainak
726:Notable performers
635:is an Inuit bowed
624:String instruments
597:living around the
578:
415:
2997:
2996:
2878:
2877:
2673:Gaelic folk music
2118:Papua New Guinean
1946:
1945:
1841:
1840:
1503:
1502:
1461:New Weird America
1106:, 8 October 2009.
639:, similar to the
488:derived American
425:understanding of
402:
340:flowing north to
295:Inuit-Yupik music
283:
282:
3017:
2989:History of music
2957:Progressive rock
2128:Solomon Islander
2086:White Australian
1733:African-American
1729:
1582:Indigenous North
1578:
1516:
1470:Progressive folk
1451:Psychedelic folk
1192:
1170:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1138:
1131:
1128:InuitArtAlive.ca
1113:
1107:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1073:
1058:
1052:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1011:. Archived from
1005:
999:
998:
996:
994:
984:
958:
949:
931:
925:
924:
922:
921:
912:. Archived from
902:
875:
870:
869:
868:
861:
856:
855:
854:
843:Alacie Tullaugaq
645:Icelandic fiddle
515:, like those of
505:overtone singing
403:
351:
350:
338:Coppermine River
275:
268:
261:
158:New Mexico music
16:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2884:
2874:
2853:Anatolian blues
2785:
2778:
2521:Anatolian blues
2324:
2252:Kamrupi Lokgeet
2147:
2103:Easter Islander
2067:
2032:
1942:
1855:Canadian fiddle
1837:
1772:
1727:
1671:
1583:
1576:
1558:Tierra Caliente
1528:Central America
1510:
1499:
1414:Industrial folk
1287:
1224:Christmas carol
1187:
1181:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1135:
1134:
1124:Wayback Machine
1114:
1110:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1080:
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1059:
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1027:
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932:
928:
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917:
904:
903:
899:
894:
882:
871:
866:
864:
857:
852:
850:
847:
833:Willie Thrasher
783:Qaunak Mikkigak
728:
705:Canadian Arctic
677:
626:
599:Mackenzie Delta
566:
561:
545:
530:
498:
484:became common.
419:Inuit languages
392:
390:
354:(also known as
348:
347:
342:Coronation Gulf
279:
143:Chicken scratch
20:
12:
11:
5:
3023:
3021:
3013:
3012:
3002:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2952:Outlaw country
2949:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2897:Acoustic music
2894:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2858:Anatolian rock
2855:
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2526:Anatolian rock
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2077:
2075:
2069:
2068:
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2065:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2038:South American
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2004:Chutney parang
1996:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1948:
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1941:
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1472:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1429:Medieval metal
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1366:Medieval metal
1358:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1295:
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1177:
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1173:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1132:
1108:
1092:
1090:Krejci, p. 150
1083:
1074:
1053:
1025:
1000:
950:
926:
896:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
881:
878:
877:
876:
862:
846:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
803:Quantum Tangle
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
773:The Jerry Cans
770:
768:Elisapie Isaac
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
733:Susan Aglukark
729:
727:
724:
716:The Jerry Cans
676:
673:
672:
671:
656:
625:
622:
621:
620:
605:
602:
572:Drummer at an
565:
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21:North America
17:
2945:Laws numbers
2843:Pontic Greek
2710:Pontic Greek
2631:Morris dance
2570:Celtic metal
2494:Balkan brass
2240:Manila sound
2009:Chutney soca
1874:
1813:Country rock
1803:Country folk
1697:Folk revival
1616:
1553:Son huasteco
1390:Celtic metal
1361:Celtic metal
1336:Folk baroque
1314:Country folk
1268:Sea shanties
1256:Protest song
1127:
1111:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1061:
1056:
1040:
1036:
1028:
1017:. Retrieved
1013:the original
1003:
993:25 September
991:. Retrieved
975:(1): 68–69.
972:
966:
937:
934:Nettl, Bruno
929:
918:. Retrieved
914:the original
907:
900:
886:Yup'ik dance
859:Music portal
818:Silla + Rise
763:Lucie Idlout
743:Kelly Fraser
720:record label
713:
691:(modern day
678:
675:Distribution
659:
640:
630:
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531:
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346:
345:
334:Copper Inuit
331:
327:
318:
302:
298:
294:
291:Eskimo music
290:
286:
285:Traditional
284:
242:Grammy Award
71:
3010:Inuit music
2977:World music
2962:Pub session
2935:Roud number
2930:Collections
2922:Instruments
2804:Azerbaijani
2580:Celtic rock
2575:Celtic punk
2450:Montenegrin
2161:Bangladeshi
2113:Marshallese
1808:Country pop
1699:(1950s–60s)
1685:Appalachian
1548:Son jarocho
1485:Tamang Selo
1404:Folktronica
1395:Celtic punk
1385:Celtic rock
1378:Celtic punk
1241:Dance music
828:Tanya Tagaq
653:chordophone
619:) in Canada
585:called the
543:Vocal games
486:Scots-Irish
378:, called a
299:Yupik music
289:(sometimes
287:Inuit music
186:Instruments
168:Peyote song
148:Ghost Dance
2917:Folk dance
2912:Folk clubs
2902:Filk music
2868:Tsifteteli
2715:Portuguese
2690:Lithuanian
2550:Belarusian
2541:Tsifteteli
2504:Turbo-folk
2455:Macedonian
2426:Tsifteteli
2370:Sevdalinka
2313:Vietnamese
2269:Indonesian
2081:Australian
2056:Venezuelan
1970:Kontradans
1903:by region
1860:Indigenous
1823:Rockabilly
1818:Honky-tonk
1791:Roots rock
1768:Spirituals
1708:New Mexico
1570:Panamanian
1511:traditions
1456:Freak folk
1409:Indie folk
1356:Folk metal
1331:Filk music
1236:Children's
1186:Types and
1019:2011-11-02
920:2007-11-17
892:References
793:Nuuk Posse
655:tradition.
609:Jew's harp
595:Inuvialuit
583:frame drum
564:Percussion
466:love songs
407:Gjoa Haven
376:frame drum
247:Juno Award
214:Water drum
2982:Worldbeat
2907:Festivals
2863:Arabesque
2757:Ukrainian
2737:Slovenian
2700:Norwegian
2663:Icelandic
2658:Hungarian
2531:Arabesque
2511:Slovenian
2382:Bulgarian
2308:Pakistani
2298:Mongolian
2188:Cantonese
2173:Bhutanese
2046:Brazilian
1952:Caribbean
1912:Québécois
1798:Bluegrass
1786:Americana
1751:Dixieland
1602:Blackfeet
1509:Regional
1490:Vallenato
1446:Nerd-folk
1373:Folk punk
1351:Folk rock
1341:Folk jazz
1309:Bluegrass
1304:Anti-folk
1283:Work song
1278:War songs
1251:Love song
1188:subgenres
908:NAC.nu.ca
660:kelutviaq
474:accordion
458:lullabies
57:Blackfeet
3004:Category
2885:articles
2883:Related
2809:Egyptian
2799:Assyrian
2794:Armenian
2725:Scottish
2678:Hornpipe
2638:Estonian
2621:Hornpipe
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2477:Romanian
2421:Rebetiko
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2203:Lâm-kóan
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1907:Prairies
1847:Canadian
1713:Red Dirt
1703:Hawaiian
1690:Old-time
1677:American
1652:Seminole
1622:Iroquois
1592:Canadian
1584:American
1436:Muiñeira
1346:Folk-pop
1229:Koliadka
1120:Archived
1035:(1987).
987:Archived
936:(1956).
880:See also
632:tautirut
501:Katajjaq
496:Katajjaq
454:gambling
319:katajjaq
107:Seminole
77:Iroquois
2848:Turkish
2831:Klezmer
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2821:Iranian
2814:Fantezi
2762:Cossack
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2643:Finnish
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2230:Bodabil
2213:Teochew
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2183:Chinese
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1999:Chutney
1965:Haitian
1778:Country
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1538:Corrido
1533:Mexican
1480:Skiffle
1441:Neofolk
1319:Dangdut
1292:Fusions
1202:Ballads
1009:"Music"
838:Tudjaat
758:Hyper-T
699:). The
697:Nunavut
693:Iqaluit
591:caribou
574:Inupiat
521:caribou
470:whalers
450:hunting
431:concept
411:Nunavut
315:Iñupiat
313:, and
173:Pow wow
153:Hip hop
52:Arapaho
2730:Gaelic
2705:Polish
2653:German
2648:French
2606:Danish
2560:Celtic
2555:Breton
2482:Manele
2472:Romani
2387:Chalga
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2338:Alpine
2286:Korean
2279:Min'yō
2262:Sanedo
2257:Rasiya
2247:Indian
2138:Tongan
2123:Samoan
2021:Parang
1994:Cariso
1897:French
1892:Celtic
1718:Tejano
1647:Pueblo
1642:Navajo
1219:Carols
1212:Murder
1068:
1047:
968:Arctic
944:
823:Sugluk
748:Aasiva
709:Arctic
664:Yup'ik
637:zither
617:Arviat
587:qilaut
439:Eskimo
381:qilaut
356:pisiit
230:APCMAs
102:Pueblo
97:Navajo
2940:Child
2926:List
2774:Welsh
2767:Dumka
2752:Swiss
2668:Irish
2611:Dutch
2599:Polka
2589:Czech
2416:Laïko
2411:Greek
2193:Hakka
2153:Asian
2108:Maori
2016:Kaiso
1982:Mento
1960:Cuban
1880:Métis
1875:Inuit
1741:Blues
1667:Yuman
1662:Yaqui
1657:Sioux
1637:Métis
1627:Kiowa
1617:Inuit
1563:Yaqui
1324:Koplo
1207:Child
1117:Music
641:fiðla
613:Inuit
550:canon
517:geese
427:music
372:pisik
368:pisik
360:piheq
349:pisik
311:Yupik
307:Inuit
235:NAMAs
163:Opera
122:Yuman
117:Yaqui
112:Sioux
92:Métis
82:Kiowa
72:Inuit
2626:Jigs
2291:Trot
2026:Soca
1870:Innu
1865:Dene
1746:Jazz
1612:Innu
1607:Dene
1066:ISBN
1045:ISBN
995:2023
942:ISBN
813:Riit
685:CFFB
679:The
658:The
629:The
607:The
482:reel
462:work
435:nipi
364:aton
332:The
138:List
67:Innu
62:Dene
1758:Jug
1495:Xẩm
1475:Raï
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977:doi
666:of
643:or
480:or
478:jig
464:or
452:or
358:or
301:or
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1419:Lu
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965:.
953:^
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695:,
519:,
409:,
309:,
297:,
293:,
1160:e
1153:t
1146:v
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260:v
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