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was raised to enlist them in the Allied cause against
Napoleon. They were joined in following years by other Hanoverians who left, despite harsh punishments imposed by French authorities. Units from the KGL took part in many campaigns during the war, notably in the
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was signed by
Wallmoden, although George III refused to recognise it. It established French hegemony in the region. The only response Britain made at the time was a
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130:, it was vulnerable to invasion. Recognising this potential weakness, French forces made concerted attempts to defeat Hanover during the
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On 18 May 1803 war was declared between
Britain and France. The renewal of the conflict led to Napoleon gathering a large army on the
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181:. Before an attempt on Britain, Napoleon switched his target to the more vulnerable Hanover and 13,000 troops of the
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The French takeover of
Hanover, which Prussia itself coveted, was one of the factors that drove Prussian king
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98:. Hanoverian troops fought alongside British forces in several eighteenth century conflicts including the
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The Impact of
Napoleon: Prussian High Politics, Foreign Policy and the Crisis of the Executive, 1797–1806
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of
Hanover by Napoleon. Nonetheless, British troops fought to recover Hanover from the French.
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208:. Resistance has been described as light or scant. On 4 June French troops took the city of
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In 1803 Napoleon, frustrated by
Britain, turned his attention to the Electorate. In 1801
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in
British service. Hanover remained under French control until its liberation in 1813.
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161:, justifying their operation not as an act of hostility but an attempt to maintain the
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War, Public
Opinion and Policy in Britain, France and the Netherlands, 1785–1815
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Much of the territory of the electorate was subsequently incorporated into the
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in 1814. Both the KGL and the newly reformed
Hanoverian Army took part in the
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Many members of the Hanoverian Army fled abroad, and in December 1803 the
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George III: The Life and Reign of Britain's Most Misunderstood Monarch
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although many of its recruits came from other parts of Europe.
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On The Fields Of Glory: The Battlefields of the 1815 Campaign
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Napoleon's Conquest of Europe: The War of the Third Coalition
326:. France attempted to raise its own unit from the area, the
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in 1807. In support of Prussia the British launched a
94:, Hanover and Britain had effectively functioned as a
299:and the loss of many of its own territories at the
59:. One consequence was the formation of the exiled
447:1759: The Year Britain Became Master of the World
212:, the capital of the Electorate. On 5 June the
248:and the Hanoverian troops who soon formed the
114:. Hanover gave Britain a strong connection in
482:Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History
8:
333:In 1813 following the Allied victory at the
440:Hanover and the British Empire, 1700–1837
295:against Napoleon in 1806, leading to its
244:French cartoon mocking the flight of the
473:Uffindell, Andrew & Corum Michael.
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264:has been relieved of the weight of the
165:of Germany against the warring powers.
314:, ruled by Napoleon's younger brother
51:with Britain, the principal enemy of
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470:. Cambridge University Press, 2002.
463:. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005.
192:The Electorate was defended by the
138:in 1757 before being driven out by
260:A British cartoon suggesting that
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118:, but in contrast to the islands
508:Campaigns of the Napoleonic Wars
339:liberated from French domination
318:, with the northern area around
177:of France, poised to attempt an
155:Prussia had marched into Hanover
43:. Hanover was under the rule of
39:following the breakdown of the
104:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
498:1803 in the Holy Roman Empire
442:. Boydell & Brewer, 2007.
100:War of the Spanish Succession
341:. It was elevated to be the
305:failed expedition to Hanover
108:American War of Independence
418:Uffindell & Corum p.120
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159:League of Armed Neutrality
136:overrunning the Electorate
16:French invasion of Hanover
112:French Revolutionary Wars
477:. Frontline Books, 2002.
351:final defeat of Napoleon
214:Convention of Artlenburg
204:, George III's son, and
27:saw a French army under
189:moved against Hanover.
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140:Ferdinand of Brunswick
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31:invade and occupy the
528:Electorate of Hanover
449:. Random House, 2008.
312:Kingdom of Westphalia
290:Frederick William III
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92:Hanoverian Succession
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33:Electorate of Hanover
459:Schneid, Frederick.
274:King's German Legion
250:King's German Legion
142:and repulsed at the
61:King's German Legion
431:Callister, Graeme.
324:provinces of France
196:and locally raised
179:invasion of Britain
157:at the time of the
23:in 1803 during the
21:Invasion of Hanover
480:Zabecki, David T.
355:Battle of Waterloo
347:Congress of Vienna
343:Kingdom of Hanover
283:Duke of Wellington
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254:
144:Battles of Krefeld
116:Continental Europe
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84:Elector of Hanover
518:Conflicts in 1803
484:. ABC-CLIO, 2014.
452:Roberts, Andrew.
435:. Springer, 2017.
335:Battle of Leipzig
328:Hanoverian Legion
246:Duke of Cambridge
202:Duke of Cambridge
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466:Simms, Brendan.
456:. Penguin, 2021.
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132:Seven Years' War
126:defended by the
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80:King of Britain
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41:Peace of Amiens
29:Édouard Mortier
25:Napoleonic Wars
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373:Mclynn p.263
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293:going to war
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183:French Army
523:George III
492:Categories
382:Simms p.84
361:References
281:under the
230:Royal Navy
228:rivers by
200:under the
163:neutrality
128:Royal Navy
76:George III
67:Background
45:George III
322:becoming
307:in 1806.
266:millstone
262:John Bull
236:Aftermath
78:was both
218:blockade
198:militias
169:Invasion
53:Napoleon
353:at the
345:by the
220:of the
210:Hanover
124:Ireland
120:Britain
320:Bremen
185:under
148:Minden
226:Weser
47:in a
224:and
222:Elbe
146:and
122:and
110:and
82:and
19:The
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55:'s
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