58:
890:
64:
598:, Jammeh stepped down and left the country. Following his departure, 4,000 ECOWAS troops remained in The Gambia to maintain order in preparation for Barrow to return and consolidate his presidency. A week after his inauguration, Barrow returned to the country while requesting the 2,500 troops stay for at least six months to help him firmly establish order. He has renewed this request several times, and ECOWAS forces still remain in the country as of June 2023, training and assisting domestic security forces.
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907:
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The public has been lukewarm to the continued presence of ECOWAS forces, with polls showing over 50% of the
Gambian public wanting them to leave the country. President Barrow has argued that the continued presence of foreign forces are there to provide support and training to Gambian forces and that
778:
On 26 January 2017, Barrow returned to the Gambia, while about 2,500 ECOWAS troops remained in the country to stabilise it. He requested the troops to remain in the country for an additional six months. The troops remained in Banjul, and at important locations such as the port and airport as well as
758:
meanwhile pledged allegiance to Barrow and stated that the
Gambian Army would not fight ECOWAS. Barrow and a Senegalese official later stated that Jammeh had agreed to step down. Diplomats meanwhile stated that Senegalese troops would remain deployed at the border in case he reneged on the deal. A
792:
On 21 April 2017, ECOWAS forces clashed with
Gambian soldiers loyal to former leader Yahya Jammeh, shooting and injuring three who were guarding graves at his home. A Gambia Armed Forces spokesman said there was a misunderstanding and an investigation is in progress. One civilian was declared by
601:
Although there were some reports of isolated minor clashes during the first few hours of the military incursion in
January 2017, there were no reports of casualties in the initial conflict. In the following months, two civilians were reported to have been killed in incidents surrounding protests
804:
On 2 June 2017, one protester was shot dead and nine were wounded by
Senegalese soldiers in Kanilai after soldiers opened fire on protesters in what they described as "self-defense" during a protest in which thousands participated against the heavy military presence in their community.
641:, the president of ECOWAS, said, "By land, sea and air, (the) Gambia is surrounded. A total of 7,000 men will participate in the mission to re-establish democracy in Gambia." In contrast, the entire armed forces of the Gambia numbered only about 2,500 troops.
709:
forces, and
Senegal reportedly took control of the village. Senegal halted its offensive in order to provide a final chance to mediate the crisis, with the invasion planned to proceed at noon on 20 January if Jammeh still refused to relinquish power.
637:, and set 19 January 2017 as the date the troops would move into the Gambia if Jammeh continued to refuse to step down. The operation was named "Operation Restore Democracy". ECOWAS forces were amassed around the borders of the Gambia, and
2428:
2001:
2152:
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832:
chief declared that the army would not involve itself in a political dispute, while the navy chose to declare its support for Barrow. However, some paramilitaries and mercenaries stayed loyal to Jammeh. The
Senegalese rebel group
808:
The term of the ECOWAS military mission was extended by a year on 5 June 2017, with it being further extended until 2021. It was then once again extended, and ECOWAS forces still remain in the country as of June 2023.
883:
called on Jammeh to step down and praised "African organisations which are working to ensure the democratic wishes of the
Gambian people will be respected", adding that the presidential elections had been free and
898:
4203:
2436:
2009:
2162:
1363:
1293:
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on the same day, which expressed support for ECOWAS efforts to negotiate the transition of the presidency, but requested the use of "political means first" without endorsing military action.
3146:
2994:
2459:"Security Endorses Recognition by African Union, Regional States, of Adama Barrow as President-Elect of Gambia, Unanimously Adopting 2337 (2017) | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
717:
on 20 January based on estimates provided by the government of
Senegal, around 45,000 people had been displaced and had fled to Senegal, and at least 800 more people had fled to
201:
4287:
2317:
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deal was later announced for him to leave the country for exile, and a short time later he announced on state television that he was stepping down.
4116:
1469:
4297:
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2584:
2500:
1243:
519:
3831:
3336:
2406:"Security Endorses Recognition by African Union, Regional States, of Adama Barrow as President-Elect of Gambia, Unanimously Adopting 2337 (2017)"
57:
3108:
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2126:
1207:
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1838:
580:
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Forces entered the country on 19 January at the request of Barrow, who was sworn in that day as the new president at the
Gambian embassy in
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On 8 February 2017, the Gambian presidential office announced that the mandate of the mission would be extended by three more months.
572:
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4129:
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2090:
1839:"Gambia's Yahya Jammeh 'agrees to step down' peacefully and red carpet is rolled out at the airport, amid last-ditch negotiations"
1141:
724:
Jammeh, however, refused to step down even after the deadline passed. The deadline was extended to 16:00 GMT which too he missed.
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2947:
2838:
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2513:
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1979:
821:
The intervention force was composed of Senegalese, Ghanaian, Malian, Togolese and Nigerian forces. Nigeria provided aircraft and
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3182:
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4307:
3908:
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4209:
3343:
3330:
3103:
2916:
2789:
1089:
923:. The resolution did not endorse the use of military force. It instead requested ECOWAS to pursue "political means first".
789:
stated in mid-February that the number of Ghanaian soldiers deployed for stabilisation of Gambia will be downsized to 50.
714:
1041:
987:
3742:
2755:
2642:
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920:
736:
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3736:
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4171:
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2881:
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2703:
2632:
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1268:
549:
31:
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721:. More than 75% of the displaced people arriving in Senegal were children, with the remainder being mostly women.
4008:
3924:
3450:
3360:
2843:
2601:
2564:
2046:
415:
775:), ECOWAS announced that about 4,000 of its troops would remain stationed in the country for ensuring security.
4111:
3986:
3476:
3445:
3188:
2574:
63:
3842:
3037:
1584:"Video: Vidéo: Kanilai est tombé avec la base arrière de Yahya Jammeh. Les troupes sont en route pour Banjul"
4106:
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3232:
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2743:
2708:
2647:
2620:
732:
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627:
3637:
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614:
Some 45,000 refugees fled across the border into Senegal after Jammeh's refusal to step down on 18 January.
3819:
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2681:
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751:
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859:
747:
1215:
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3500:
3300:
3222:
3088:
3052:
3017:
2956:
2911:
2723:
2549:
2157:
1912:
1470:"Gambia's new president has been sworn in at an embassy in Senegal because the old one won't leave"
1358:
1288:
912:
653:
426:
1720:
3506:
3289:
3266:
3032:
2906:
2891:
2337:
783:
683:
679:
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reportedly joined pro-Jammeh forces and there were reported clashes on the border with Senegal.
610:
4246:
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3619:
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1603:
877:
772:
476:
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3886:
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393:
347:
4145:
3953:
3577:
3421:
3047:
2876:
1542:
786:
404:
359:
30:"Operation Restore Democracy" redirects here. For the military intervention in Haiti, see
2972:
4073:
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3801:
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906:
873:
867:
743:
739:
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314:
17:
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4032:
4014:
3970:
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3625:
3601:
880:
853:
848:
822:
755:
718:
687:
3124:
3167:
2652:
2544:
2458:
2405:
701:
In the early hours of the offensive, clashes took place near the border village of
645:
630:
576:
568:
538:
371:
342:
307:
193:
162:
145:
2239:
1522:"The role of ECOWAS on The Gambia political crisis between 2016 – 2017 (Reviewed)"
1940:
1789:
1671:
1556:
1443:
1115:
1066:
964:
4241:
4236:
3786:
3560:
3315:
2534:
2112:
1745:
1386:"ECOWAS okays military intervention in Gambia, joint troops stationed at border"
1164:"Nigerian troops, warship head for Gambia: Punch – News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)"
515:
3 alleged Pro-Jammeh Gambian soldiers, 1 ECOWAS soldier and 10 civilians wounded
3857:
2569:
2509:
2190:
1321:
725:
553:
382:
122:
84:
3022:
218:
2358:"Boris Johnson urges unseated Gambian president Yahya Jammeh to stand down"
2091:"ECOMIG Forces Allegedly Shoot Protesters, Kill 1 and Injure 9 at Kanilai"
3683:
3404:
3156:
2265:"We are not going to involve ourselves in any fight – Gambian army chief"
567:
entered The Gambia in January 2017 following long-time Gambian President
1721:"Gambia braced for military intervention if Jammeh refuses to step down"
518:
Some people remain displaced after 26,000–45,000 people fled during the
2195:
2127:"Timeline: A history of ECOWAS military interventions in three decades"
1917:
1326:
794:
702:
691:
649:
591:
254:
241:
2478:
1980:"Ghana to maintain 50 troops in Gambia | General News 2017-02-22"
1244:"Senegal: Around 45,000 have fled political uncertainty in The Gambia"
3935:
1913:"Gambia's former leader Jammeh flies into exile in Equatorial Guinea"
1746:"Gambia army chief recognizes President Barrow as commander-in-chief"
941:"Jammeh's party petitions Supreme Court to halt Barrow's investiture"
798:
768:
595:
152:
71:
Senegalese army troops gather at the border with Gambia on 19 January
1865:"The Gambia: deal announced for defeated president to leave country"
1521:
1042:"Breaking: Gambian Navy desert Jammeh, declare allegiance to Barrow"
988:"Breaking: Gambian Navy desert Jammeh, declare allegiance to Barrow"
862:
announced that the United States was supportive of the intervention.
801:
officer was declared to be injured on 2 June, with 22 arrests made.
2025:"Protest against ECOWAS forces in Jammeh's village claims one life"
1941:"Ex-President Yahya Jammeh leaves The Gambia after losing election"
1090:"Army operation to enter The Gambia suspended for last-ditch talks"
705:, the home town of Yahya Jammeh, between Senegalese and pro-Jammeh
895:
889:
657:
609:
587:
267:
2240:"West Africa: Why ECOWAS Troops Are Still in the Gambia – Barrow"
1415:"Senegal army says regional force has launched strikes in Gambia"
144:, ECOWAS intervenes in the country militarily (at the request of
1444:"Senegal troops move to Gambia border as Jammeh faces ultimatum"
1008:
Jones, Bryony; Westcott, Ben; Masters, James (20 January 2017).
678:
entered the Gambia on the same day, along with some forces from
674:
Despite the lack of endorsement of military action by the UNSC,
294:
280:
3128:
2976:
2482:
2113:"West African regional bloc extends military mission in Gambia"
1208:"At least 26,000 people flee Gambia to Senegal as refugees -UN"
901:
called for a "cool-headed" and calm resolution to the conflict.
767:
After Jammeh went into exile on 21 January (initially going to
2153:"Gambia's new president returning to nation as new era begins"
1284:"Gambia's new president returning to nation as new era begins"
1116:"Gambia: Use of Force Imminent As Ecowas Plans to Oust Jammeh"
1010:"Gambia: Defeated leader Yahya Jammeh faces military showdown"
1966:"Regional Force's Mission in Gambia Extended by Three Months"
1557:"Gambia crisis: Senegal troops 'enter' to back new president"
1067:"Gambia crisis: Senegal troops 'enter' to back new president"
2429:"UN adopts resolution backing Gambia's new President Barrow"
2186:"Gambia's Barrow asks regional force to stay for six months"
2002:"Gambia soldiers, regional forces clash outside Jammeh home"
1317:"Gambia's Barrow asks regional force to stay for six months"
2380:"China calls for 'cool-headed' resolution of Gambia crisis"
1672:"Gambia crisis: Jammeh misses second deadline to step down"
1354:"Throngs cheer new president's triumphant return to Gambia"
797:
in a protest against ECOWAS forces while a civilian and an
652:
due to fear for his safety in the Gambia, was sworn in as
602:
against the continued military presence in the community.
1812:"Gambia's defeated leader agrees to cede power: Official"
1495:"New Gambia President Adama Barrow takes oath in Senegal"
2316:
Holding, APA Information Agency, APA (20 January 2017).
1790:"Gambia's Jammeh 'to quit and leave', says Adama Barrow"
1138:"Nigeria sends troops, jets to Senegal for Gambia force"
2291:"Military intervention looms as Jammeh clings to power"
1694:"The Gambia: Jammeh ignores two more deadlines to quit"
878:
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
2217:"Hard times ahead for the African Union in The Gambia"
1647:"West African Reactions On The Invasion of The Gambia"
2318:"US supports Senegal military intervention in Gambia"
202:
Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction
168:
Protests against continued presence of ECOWAS forces.
1186:"Ghana to deploy troops to Gambia border – ITV News"
4224:
4181:
4153:
4144:
4083:
4054:
4001:
3963:
3917:
3873:
3794:
3785:
3753:
3724:
3693:
3653:
3570:
3547:
3538:
3487:
3461:
3435:
3414:
3377:
3323:
3314:
3282:
3253:
3215:
3175:
3166:
3066:
3010:
2857:
2822:
2768:
2680:
2619:
2520:
1409:
1407:
1890:"Gambia's Yahya Jammeh confirms he will step down"
2069:"Gambia: Two Injured In Foni Anti-ECOMIG Protest"
1624:"Les troupes sénégalaises sont entrées en Gambie"
1489:
1487:
622:(ECOWAS) decided to intervene militarily in the
2219:. Institute for Security Studies. 21 April 2020
917:United Nations Security Council Resolution 2337
857:Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs
165:elements in The Gambian military in April 2017.
41:
27:Ongoing military intervention in Western Africa
2047:"Gambia: Foni Protester Died Of Gunshot Wound"
1911:Cocks, Tim; Jahateh, Lamin (21 January 2017).
3140:
2988:
2494:
1768:"Gambia's Yahya Jammeh 'agrees to step down'"
1347:
1345:
1343:
1248:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
915:voted unanimously on 19 January 2017 to pass
750:tried to persuade him to step down. Gambia's
155:, and Barrow arrives as President days later.
151:Jammeh leaves the country as forces approach
8:
2342:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2184:Farge, Emma; Bavier, Joe (26 January 2017).
1315:Farge, Emma; Bavier, Joe (26 January 2017).
1140:. Yahoo.com. 18 January 2017. Archived from
161:Clash between ECOWAS forces and alleged Pro-
148:) without resistance from pro-Jammeh forces.
1608:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
571:refusal to step down after his loss in the
4150:
3791:
3544:
3320:
3172:
3147:
3133:
3125:
2995:
2981:
2973:
2826:
2774:
2719:The Gambia and the Commonwealth of Nations
2686:
2625:
2501:
2487:
2479:
1438:
1436:
835:Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance
793:Gambian government to have been killed in
531:ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia
42:ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia
38:
4323:Economic Community of West African States
1269:"ECOMIG forces explain mandate in Gambia"
620:Economic Community of West African States
558:Economic Community of West African States
158:2,500 ECOWAS troops remain in The Gambia.
3296:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
1237:
1235:
1233:
813:there is no cost to the Gambian people.
779:at the main crossing points to Senegal.
113:19 January 2017 – Present
4288:2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis
3838:Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)
3513:2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis
3099:Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council
2585:Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council
2238:Olawoyin, Oladeinde (8 December 2021).
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
932:
763:Stabilisation (21 January 2017–present)
633:refusing to step down after losing the
520:2016-2017 Gambian constitutional crisis
49:2016–2017 Gambian constitutional crisis
2335:
1601:
1538:
1527:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
713:According to a statement given by the
51:(first three days of the intervention)
4027:South Kordofan and Blue Nile conflict
3948:2012–2013 Tana River District clashes
3004:Military history topics of The Gambia
2427:M. Lederer, Edith (19 January 2017).
581:2016-17 Gambian constitutional crisis
7:
2360:. Belfast Telegraph. 19 January 2017
682:, with air and sea support from the
663:Just after Barrow was sworn in, the
4117:Djiboutian–Eritrean border conflict
4068:Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
3584:Allied Democratic Forces insurgency
2151:Petesch, Carley (26 January 2017).
1818:. Associated Press. 20 January 2017
1352:Petesch, Carley (26 January 2017).
1282:Petesch, Carley (26 January 2017).
635:December 2016 presidential election
3832:Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict
3368:Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria
1719:Pilling, David (19 January 2017).
1114:Alike, Ejiofor (15 January 2017).
25:
4062:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
3766:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
3114:2017 ECOWAS military intervention
3043:Royal West African Frontier Force
2408:. United Nations. 19 January 2017
1837:Colin Freeman (20 January 2017).
1242:Baloch, Babar (20 January 2017).
1088:Haddad, Tareq (20 January 2017).
1040:Ewubare, Kess (19 January 2017).
986:Ewubare, Kess (19 January 2017).
965:"Gambia: Jammeh 'Imports Rebels'"
963:Kwanue, C. Y. (18 January 2017).
606:Intervention (19–21 January 2017)
594:. As troops reached the capital,
3892:2006–2009 Ethiopian intervention
2610:
1982:. Ghanaweb.com. 22 February 2017
1863:Ruth Maclean (20 January 2017).
905:
888:
866:
847:
556:by several member states of the
494:
485:
469:
460:
451:
439:
420:
409:
398:
387:
376:
365:
353:
346:
336:
300:
287:
273:
260:
247:
234:
207:
186:
62:
56:
3909:Piracy off the coast of Somalia
2849:Orders, decorations, and medals
2590:2016–2017 constitutional crisis
1626:. 20minutes.fr. 17 January 2017
665:United Nations Security Council
4298:Military history of the Gambia
3028:1850–1856 Soninke-Marabout War
943:. AfricaNews. 20 January 2017.
1:
4210:2014 Lesotho political crisis
4167:RENAMO insurgency (2013–2021)
3331:Communal conflicts in Nigeria
2093:. Daily Observer. 5 June 2017
1892:. Al Jazeera. 21 January 2017
1770:. Al Jazeera. 20 January 2017
715:United Nations Refugee Agency
626:that occurred as a result of
624:Gambian constitutional crisis
141:Gambian constitutional crisis
4204:SADC intervention in Lesotho
3807:OLA insurgency, 2018–present
3761:Anglophone Crisis (Cameroon)
3518:ECOWAS military intervention
3238:2011–2014 factional violence
2595:ECOWAS military intervention
2023:Ismail Akwei (2 June 2017).
1939:BBC News (22 January 2016).
1645:Reporter (20 January 2017).
1094:International Business Times
921:peaceful transition of power
694:. Gambia was placed under a
667:(UNSC) unanimously approved
579:. This ultimately ended the
535:ECOWAS Mission in The Gambia
3881:Puntland–Somaliland dispute
3737:Insurgency in Northern Chad
3058:81st (West Africa) Division
3038:1866 Capture of Tubabkolong
899:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
546:Operation Restore Democracy
4339:
4172:Insurgency in Cabo Delgado
3993:Abyei conflict (2022–2023)
3848:Benishangul-Gumuz conflict
3714:Djotodia period, 2013–2014
3525:Western Togoland Rebellion
1748:. Reuters. 20 January 2017
1212:Thomson Reuters Foundation
1188:. Itv.com. 18 January 2017
656:in the Gambian embassy in
648:, who had been staying in
573:2016 presidential election
500:~125 Gambian navy soldiers
32:Operation Uphold Democracy
29:
4318:Wars involving the Gambia
4009:Second Sudanese Civil War
2934:
2829:
2777:
2689:
2628:
2608:
2071:. Jollofnews. 2 June 2017
2049:. Jollofnews. 3 June 2017
1472:. Quartz. 19 January 2017
1166:. Nan.ng. 1 December 2016
544:) – initially code-named
509:
504:
447:1,733 foreign mercenaries
432:
329:
178:
105:
55:
46:
4112:2008 invasion of Anjouan
3709:Civil War (2012–present)
3678:Pool Department conflict
3109:2014 coup d'etat attempt
3104:2006 coup d'etat attempt
3079:1981 coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2633:Administrative divisions
2602:2022 coup d'Ă©tat attempt
2575:Senegambia Confederation
2565:1981 coup d'Ă©tat attempt
4107:Hanish Islands conflict
3644:Kamwina Nsapu rebellion
3495:Guinea-Bissau Civil War
3337:Herder–farmer conflicts
3261:Western Sahara conflict
2115:. Reuters. 5 June 2017.
733:Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz
676:Senegalese armed forces
4313:Wars involving Senegal
4308:Wars involving Nigeria
3930:Somali–Kenyan conflict
3826:Eritrean–Ethiopian War
3820:Second Afar insurgency
3427:Sierra Leone Civil War
1792:. BBC. 20 January 2017
1674:. BBC. 20 January 2017
1537:Cite journal requires
1069:. BBC. 19 January 2017
841:International response
615:
416:Ibrahim Boubacar KeĂŻta
330:Commanders and leaders
18:Invasion of the Gambia
4293:Military intervention
4189:Bophuthatswana crisis
3853:Oromia–Somali clashes
3772:Boko Haram insurgency
3732:Civil War (2005–2010)
3349:Boko Haram insurgency
3272:Clashes, 2020–present
3033:1860–1861 Baddibu War
639:Marcel Alain de Souza
613:
550:military intervention
505:Casualties and losses
4303:Wars involving Ghana
4161:Mozambican Civil War
4121:Burundian conflicts
4101:Djiboutian Civil War
3814:Insurgency in Ogaden
3442:Liberian Civil Wars
3355:Niger Delta conflict
2668:World Heritage Sites
817:Participating forces
748:Mohammed Ibn Chambas
669:UNSC Resolution 2337
4200:Lesothan conflicts
4125:1993–2005 Civil War
3843:Afar–Somali clashes
3631:2022–2024 offensive
3626:2012–2013 rebellion
3468:Ivorian Civil Wars
3301:Tunisian revolution
3243:2014–2020 civil war
3223:2008 Kufra conflict
3160:conflicts in Africa
3089:Gambia Armed Forces
3053:No. 95 Squadron RAF
3023:1830–1831 Barra War
2550:British West Africa
2433:The Washington Post
2158:The Washington Post
2006:The Washington Post
1968:. Voice of America.
1843:The Daily Telegraph
1359:The Washington Post
1289:The Washington Post
913:UN Security Council
737:President of Guinea
219:Foreign mercenaries
4283:2017 in the Gambia
4247:Colour revolutions
4045:Sudanese civil war
3897:2009–present phase
3638:Batwa–Luba clashes
3507:Casamance conflict
3384:Tuareg rebellions
3344:Religious violence
3290:Algerian Civil War
3206:Terrorism in Egypt
3074:Gambia Field Force
2839:Capital punishment
2795:Telecommunications
2439:on 19 January 2017
2324:on 31 January 2017
2165:on 26 January 2017
1816:The New York Times
1651:Grandmother Africa
1419:The Jerusalem Post
1366:on 26 January 2017
1296:on 26 January 2017
1218:on 20 January 2017
1144:on 2 February 2017
784:President of Ghana
616:
512:2 civilians killed
200:Supporters of the
4278:Conflicts in 2019
4273:Conflicts in 2018
4268:Conflicts in 2017
4255:
4254:
4220:
4219:
4140:
4139:
4091:Rwandan Civil War
4039:Blue Nile clashes
4021:Nomadic conflicts
3977:Nomadic conflicts
3781:
3780:
3620:March 23 Movement
3555:Angolan Civil War
3534:
3533:
3310:
3309:
3122:
3121:
3067:Post-independence
2970:
2969:
2930:
2929:
2818:
2817:
2764:
2763:
2734:Political parties
2714:Foreign relations
2676:
2675:
2386:. 19 January 2017
2297:. 19 January 2017
2271:. 19 January 2017
2131:www.aljazeera.com
2012:on 21 April 2017.
1700:. 20 January 2017
1563:. 19 January 2017
1520:Akwuobi Kenneth.
1501:. 19 January 2017
1450:. 18 January 2017
1421:. 19 January 2017
1392:. 19 January 2017
773:Equatorial Guinea
746:' regional chief
628:Gambian President
527:
526:
174:
173:
16:(Redirected from
4330:
4195:Caprivi conflict
4151:
4130:2015–2018 unrest
3936:Likoni massacres
3925:Ethnic conflicts
3887:Somali Civil War
3792:
3590:Second Congo War
3545:
3321:
3200:Post-coup unrest
3194:Sinai insurgency
3173:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3126:
3094:1994 coup d'etat
2997:
2990:
2983:
2974:
2950:
2943:
2827:
2785:
2775:
2687:
2643:Cities and towns
2626:
2614:
2580:1994 coup d'Ă©tat
2530:Regional history
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2435:. Archived from
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2341:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2320:. Archived from
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2161:. Archived from
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2008:. Archived from
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1886:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1742:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1607:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1540:
1535:
1533:
1525:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1362:. Archived from
1349:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1292:. Archived from
1279:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1239:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1214:. Archived from
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1037:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1005:
992:
991:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
960:
945:
944:
937:
910:
909:
893:
892:
871:
870:
852:
851:
499:
498:
497:
490:
489:
488:
474:
473:
472:
466:200–800 soldiers
465:
464:
463:
456:
455:
454:
444:
443:
442:
427:Faure Gnassingbé
425:
424:
423:
414:
413:
412:
403:
402:
401:
394:Muhammadu Buhari
392:
391:
390:
381:
380:
379:
370:
369:
368:
358:
357:
356:
350:
341:
340:
339:
305:
304:
303:
293:
291:
290:
279:
277:
276:
266:
264:
263:
253:
251:
250:
240:
238:
237:
212:
211:
210:
191:
190:
189:
107:
106:
98:
96:ECOWAS Coalition
93:
87:
82:
66:
60:
39:
21:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4216:
4177:
4146:Southern Africa
4136:
4079:
4050:
3997:
3982:Ethnic violence
3959:
3954:Baragoi clashes
3913:
3869:
3777:
3749:
3739:(2016–present)
3720:
3695:
3694:Central African
3689:
3655:
3649:
3578:First Congo War
3566:
3530:
3483:
3457:
3431:
3422:Ndogboyosoi War
3410:
3373:
3357:(2003–present)
3333:(1998–present)
3306:
3278:
3263:(1970–present)
3249:
3211:
3189:2011 revolution
3183:Egyptian Crisis
3162:
3153:
3123:
3118:
3084:Confederal Army
3062:
3048:Gambia Regiment
3011:Colonial period
3006:
3001:
2971:
2966:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2926:
2917:Public holidays
2853:
2814:
2783:
2760:
2672:
2658:Protected areas
2615:
2606:
2516:
2507:
2477:
2467:
2465:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2389:
2387:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2334:
2327:
2325:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2248:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2222:
2220:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2200:
2198:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2135:
2133:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1847:
1845:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1819:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1795:
1793:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1773:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1727:
1725:Financial Times
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1629:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1600:
1593:
1591:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1536:
1526:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1502:
1493:
1492:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1434:
1424:
1422:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1351:
1350:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1231:
1221:
1219:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1147:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1038:
1025:
1015:
1013:
1007:
1006:
995:
985:
984:
980:
970:
968:
962:
961:
948:
939:
938:
934:
930:
904:
887:
865:
846:
843:
819:
787:Nana Akufo-Addo
765:
644:On 19 January,
608:
495:
493:
492:
486:
484:
483:
470:
468:
467:
461:
459:
458:
452:
450:
446:
440:
438:
421:
419:
418:
410:
408:
407:
405:Nana Akufo-Addo
399:
397:
396:
388:
386:
385:
377:
375:
374:
366:
364:
360:Benjamin Yeaten
354:
352:
351:
337:
335:
301:
299:
288:
286:
274:
272:
261:
259:
248:
246:
235:
233:
208:
206:
187:
185:
125:
101:
91:
90:
80:
79:
72:
67:
61:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4336:
4334:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4260:
4259:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4228:
4226:
4225:Related topics
4222:
4221:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4207:
4198:
4192:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4174:(2017–present)
4169:
4164:
4157:
4155:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4098:
4087:
4085:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4074:Kasese clashes
4071:
4070:(1996–present)
4065:
4064:(1987–present)
4058:
4056:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4047:(2023–present)
4042:
4036:
4030:
4024:
4023:(2009–present)
4018:
4012:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3932:(1963–present)
3927:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3884:
3883:(1998–present)
3877:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3835:
3829:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3802:Oromo conflict
3798:
3796:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3774:(2009–present)
3769:
3768:(1987–present)
3763:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3743:2021 offensive
3734:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3716:
3706:
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3681:
3675:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3659:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3617:
3616:(2009–present)
3614:Ituri conflict
3611:
3608:Dongo conflict
3605:
3604:(2004–present)
3599:
3596:Ituri conflict
3593:
3587:
3586:(1996–present)
3581:
3574:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3563:(1975–present)
3558:
3551:
3549:
3542:
3540:Central Africa
3536:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3527:(2020–present)
3522:
3521:
3520:
3510:
3509:(1982–present)
3504:
3501:Guinea clashes
3498:
3491:
3489:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3418:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3407:(2012–present)
3402:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3370:(2021–present)
3365:
3364:
3363:
3352:
3351:(2009–present)
3346:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3327:
3325:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3298:
3293:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3267:War, 1975–1991
3257:
3255:
3254:Western Sahara
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3233:2011 civil war
3225:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3209:
3208:(2013–present)
3203:
3197:
3196:(2011–present)
3191:
3186:
3179:
3177:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3129:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2977:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2952:
2951:
2944:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2756:Vice-President
2753:
2752:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2540:Songhai Empire
2537:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2476:
2475:
2450:
2419:
2397:
2371:
2349:
2308:
2282:
2256:
2230:
2208:
2176:
2143:
2118:
2104:
2082:
2060:
2038:
2015:
1993:
1971:
1957:
1931:
1903:
1881:
1855:
1829:
1803:
1781:
1759:
1737:
1711:
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719:Guinea-Bissau
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4093: /
3656:of the Congo
3517:
3415:Sierra Leone
3168:North Africa
3113:
3018:James Island
2882:Demographics
2872:Coat of arms
2805:Trade unions
2704:Constitution
2653:Gambia River
2594:
2555:Independence
2545:Jolof Empire
2466:. Retrieved
2462:
2453:
2441:. Retrieved
2437:the original
2432:
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2400:
2388:. Retrieved
2383:
2374:
2362:. Retrieved
2352:
2326:. Retrieved
2322:the original
2311:
2299:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2273:. Retrieved
2268:
2259:
2247:. Retrieved
2243:
2233:
2221:. Retrieved
2211:
2199:. Retrieved
2189:
2179:
2167:. Retrieved
2163:the original
2156:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2130:
2121:
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2063:
2051:. Retrieved
2041:
2029:. Retrieved
2027:. africanews
2018:
2010:the original
2005:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1974:
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1944:
1934:
1922:. Retrieved
1916:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1884:
1872:. Retrieved
1869:The Guardian
1868:
1858:
1846:. Retrieved
1842:
1832:
1820:. Retrieved
1815:
1806:
1794:. Retrieved
1784:
1772:. Retrieved
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1724:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:The Guardian
1697:
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1666:
1654:. Retrieved
1650:
1640:
1628:. Retrieved
1618:
1592:. Retrieved
1587:
1577:
1565:. Retrieved
1560:
1551:
1530:cite journal
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1498:
1474:. Retrieved
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1447:
1423:. Retrieved
1418:
1394:. Retrieved
1389:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1364:the original
1357:
1330:. Retrieved
1320:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1294:the original
1287:
1277:
1263:
1251:. Retrieved
1220:. Retrieved
1216:the original
1211:
1202:
1190:. Retrieved
1180:
1168:. Retrieved
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1142:the original
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1109:
1097:. Retrieved
1093:
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1061:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:
1014:. Retrieved
981:
969:. Retrieved
935:
830:Gambian army
827:
823:naval assets
820:
811:
807:
803:
791:
781:
777:
771:and then to
766:
723:
712:
700:
673:
662:
646:Adama Barrow
643:
631:Yahya Jammeh
617:
600:
585:
577:Adama Barrow
563:Troops from
562:
545:
541:
534:
530:
528:
491:205 soldiers
478:
372:Adama Barrow
343:Yahya Jammeh
320:Gambian Navy
283:(until 2020)
225:
184:
179:Belligerents
146:Adama Barrow
139:
133:
73:
68:
47:Part of the
36:
4242:Arab Winter
4237:Arab Spring
4206:(1998–1999)
4197:(1994–1999)
4163:(1977–1992)
4103:(1991–1994)
4097:(1990–1994)
4041:(2022–2023)
4029:(2011–2020)
4017:(2003–2020)
4011:(1983–2005)
3989:(2013–2020)
3964:South Sudan
3950:(2012–2013)
3944:(2007–2008)
3834:(2000–2018)
3828:(1998–2000)
3822:(1995–2018)
3816:(1994–2018)
3787:East Africa
3705:(2004–2007)
3686:(2016–2017)
3680:(2002–2003)
3662:Civil wars
3646:(2016–2019)
3640:(2013–2018)
3598:(1999–2007)
3592:(1998–2003)
3580:(1996–1997)
3561:Cabinda War
3557:(1975–2002)
3497:(1998–1999)
3316:West Africa
3303:(2010–2011)
3292:(1991–2002)
3202:(2013–2014)
3185:(2011–2014)
2844:LGBT rights
2739:Politicians
2535:Mali Empire
1590:(in French)
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967:. allAfrica
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660:, Senegal.
539:abbreviated
138:Amidst the
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2328:20 January
2301:19 January
2295:Al Jazeera
2275:19 January
2269:AfricaNews
2201:26 January
2191:Yahoo News
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1874:20 January
1848:20 January
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1752:20 January
1704:20 January
1678:20 January
1594:20 January
1582:okdakar2.
1567:19 January
1505:19 January
1499:Al Jazeera
1476:19 January
1454:19 January
1425:19 January
1396:19 January
1390:AfricaNews
1370:26 January
1332:26 January
1322:Yahoo News
1300:26 January
1253:20 January
1222:19 January
1073:19 January
1051:19 January
971:19 January
928:References
860:John Kirby
726:Mauritania
554:The Gambia
475:1 warship
383:Macky Sall
123:The Gambia
85:The Gambia
3987:Civil War
3671:1997–1999
3666:1993–1994
3622:conflict
3477:2010–2011
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3451:1999–2003
3446:1989–1996
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2560:1965–1970
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2136:28 August
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684:Air Force
654:President
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3405:Mali War
3157:Cold War
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2682:Politics
2663:Wildlife
2514:articles
2390:30 April
2249:30 April
1986:13 March
1945:BBC News
1604:cite web
433:Strength
134:Ongoing
118:Location
3874:Somalia
3436:Liberia
3324:Nigeria
2941:Outline
2877:Cuisine
2859:Culture
2823:Society
2800:Tourism
2782:Dalasi
2770:Economy
2694:Cabinet
2522:History
2384:Reuters
2196:Reuters
2031:15 July
1918:Reuters
1630:15 July
1588:OKDAKAR
1327:Reuters
1192:15 July
1170:15 July
1148:15 July
1122:15 July
1099:15 July
1016:15 July
896:Chinese
795:Kanilai
703:Kanilai
692:Nigeria
650:Senegal
592:Senegal
548:– is a
533:or the
310:forces
255:Nigeria
242:Senegal
229:forces
196:forces
74:Bottom:
4191:(1994)
4182:Others
4084:Others
4076:(2016)
4055:Uganda
4035:(2012)
3973:(2012)
3956:(2012)
3938:(1997)
3902:AMISOM
3754:Others
3610:(2009)
3548:Angola
3503:(2013)
3488:Others
3283:Others
2962:Portal
2867:Anthem
2790:Mining
2638:Border
2512:
2468:29 May
2097:5 June
2075:2 June
2053:3 June
1730:29 May
1656:26 May
799:ECOMIG
769:Guinea
596:Banjul
565:ECOWAS
542:ECOMIG
345:
308:Barrow
292:
278:
265:
252:
239:
227:ECOWAS
194:Jammeh
163:Jammeh
153:Banjul
130:Result
94:
92:
83:
81:
4002:Sudan
3918:Kenya
3216:Libya
3176:Egypt
3155:Post–
2948:Index
2912:Music
1012:. CNN
884:fair.
680:Ghana
658:Dakar
588:Dakar
481:(F92)
479:Unity
268:Ghana
3725:Chad
3398:2012
3378:Mali
2892:Flag
2749:list
2470:2020
2445:2017
2414:2017
2392:2022
2366:2017
2344:link
2330:2017
2303:2017
2277:2017
2251:2022
2225:2020
2203:2017
2171:2017
2138:2023
2099:2017
2077:2017
2055:2017
2033:2017
1988:2017
1952:2016
1926:2017
1898:2017
1876:2017
1850:2017
1824:2017
1798:2017
1776:2017
1754:2017
1732:2020
1706:2017
1680:2017
1658:2020
1632:2017
1610:link
1596:2017
1569:2017
1543:help
1507:2017
1478:2017
1456:2017
1427:2017
1398:2017
1372:2017
1334:2017
1302:2017
1255:2017
1224:2017
1194:2017
1172:2017
1150:2017
1124:2017
1101:2017
1075:2017
1053:2017
1046:Naij
1018:2017
973:2017
911:The
894:The
872:The
828:The
752:army
742:and
707:MFDC
688:Navy
686:and
618:The
529:The
477:NNS
306:Pro-
295:Togo
281:Mali
214:MFDC
192:Pro-
110:Date
69:Top:
1561:BBC
1448:BBC
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