182:
818:
31:
1058:. From 1851, Grigore served as Moldavia's Minister of Education, in which capacity he pushed for both institutional modernization and Romanian nationalism. During this epoch, Ioan Cuza used a seal which showed a sabred figure—presumed by Iftimi to have represented ancestor Ioniță. He married a Phanariote lady, Sultana Cozadini (1785–1865), impoverished member of the Gozzadini and Scanavis families, with roots leading back into the
956:. Released before 1783, he dedicated himself to translating Masonic literature. Other participants were also given less violent punishments, following requests from the clergy: some, such as the boyars' physician Dracache Depasta, were exiled and had their estates confiscated. Carra, who continued to defy Ghica, was finally ordered to leave Moldavia in February 1776.
883:. Though he notes that Carra may have well been a Freemason, he argues that, given "his very short stay in Moldavia" and his "quite unfriendly" rapport with the locals, he could not have instigated a movement. Historian Cătălina Opaschi reports that documents showing Cuza's Masonic pledges were uncovered in 1883 in
617:
The son of Miron and Ilinca, Ioniță was born at an unknown date, referred to by historians as "before 1720" or "around 1715". He is known to have had a brother, Mihalache, who is recorded as deceased before 1760. His grandfather Costin died late in 1729, leaving Miron an heir to much of his estate.
762:
Toader Râșcanu, Tudosica or
Todosica (died 1775), with whom he had five sons and two daughters, whose birth dates he recorded in one of the few surviving private register of births. This matrimonial arrangement made him brothers-in-law with Constantin, Ioan and Alexandru Râșcanu. Of Ioniță and
1043:
Gheorghe, Arghirie and
Constantin's male lines were extinguished before 1850, but the one starting with Nicolae Cuza (1755–1806) survived into the 20th century. With his Greek wife Nastasia Ziloti, Nicolae had sons Gheorghe (1780–1835) and Ioan (1785–1848); a third, Grigore (1800–1869), died
746:, who then wished to abduct his son as collateral. After 1770, Cuza himself became implicated in controversial credit ventures, earning the reputation of a usurer. The deeds he held in Negrești and Bârzești became the basis for a large Cuza domain, which also included
790:. These events created major problems for the family, which saw its Bessarabian estates, including Cozești, confiscated by Russia. The period saw Cuza working with other boyars to limit Phanariote abuses by resorting to Russian and Ottoman arbitration under the
1099:(nucleus of modern Romania), in 1859. In its validation of the election, the Divan informed Cuza that the country had a "debt of honor to your family", and that it wished to "compensate the blood your ancestors have shed for the noble liberties". In late 1861,
410:, leaving a fortune to his sons. One of these may be Toader Cuza, who is shown to be engaged in commercial exchanges with the boyar Toader Jora. Another genealogist, Gheorghe G. Bezviconi, proposes that the Joras and the Cuzas had a common ancestor, the
952:, who then left the severed heads exposed for public viewing, "on a rug by the gate of the court". Dărmănescu received more clemency from the Prince: originally sentenced to have his right arm amputated, he was eventually dispatched to a monastery in
976:
in 1856, has it that Prince
Constantine lived to regret his violent deeds and, as one of his final acts, "gave back to the Bogdan and Cuza children their confiscated assets". Gheorghe Cuza (1762–1831), who inherited Bârzești, also held the office of
906:, attributes the initiative to a low-ranking boyar, Iordachi Darie Dărmănescu, Cuza and other boyars being only drawn in by their "politicking". Various other researches have also noted that Dărmănescu was a key figure in the import of
971:
with a lengthy ballad, which was probably composed shortly after his execution. The fatherless family, including a nine-year old youngest son Ioan, was again left exposed to poverty and persecution—though an oral tradition, relayed by
937:'s raids in Moldavia. Prince Mourouzis had also found the Ottoman presence unpalatable, but, Xenopol writes, regarded Cuza's additional complaints as dangerously excessive. Cuza and Bogdan spent their final days chained to a wall in a
1186:. By then, the 1778 conspiracy had been revisited by Barnoschi, with a novel which appeared in early 1937. Of the landmarks still associated with Ioniță, the manor in Bârzești was purchased in 1892 by the Ioanid family. It was
1122:, Ioniță and his sons were "planted" in the Moldavian soil, a "trunk" for Alexandru Ioan's growth. The latter was allegedly a Freemason, though the circumstances of his initiation remain unclear. However, shortly before the
562:
instituted a regime which cut back on the privileges of established boyar families. Racoviță participated in its creation, returning to rule as a
Phanariote in December 1715. However, in 1716, Moldavia was dragged into the
1110:
newspaper, who noted that Kogălniceanu was directly referring to Ioniță's killing. A dispute erupted between Kogălniceanu and
Grigore Cuza, who defended Moruzi's nationality rights—this paradox was also highlighted in
692:. The plan was foiled when the other boyars rebelled: as noted by Cuza himself, they had support "from the whole country", obtaining Stavraki's removal and exile; Cuza then reconciled with the Prince, taking over as
1103:
reminded deputies of this pledge, as part of a speech against Alecu Moruzi, who was at the time
Moldavia's Prime Minister, and who, Kogălniceanu alleged, was not a Moldavian national. The allusion was picked up by
985:, as well as the penchant for conspiratorial "anti-Greek" politics. In 1803, having made public his intention of taking the Moldavian throne for himself, he signed a protest against the incumbent,
1136:; Alecu Moruzi also remained close to this circle. Alexandru Ioan Cuza's line existed for one more generation after his death in exile, ending in March 1890, when his surviving son, the pretender
390:
Ioniță Cuza's ethnic origins and ancestry are largely uncertain, subject to several competing theories. Some early hypotheses, centered on the name's resonance, have proposed that the Cuzas were
306:, where he was briefly imprisoned. After the resulting uprising in his favor, Cuza managed to expel Stavraki from Moldavia. He was propelled to high office, serving for years as the Moldavian
451:
Coza, serving in the 1630s. According to
Stoicescu, he was father of the better-known Dumitrașco Cuza (or Cuzea). Contrarily, Gorovei argues that there is "no certain connection" between the
1878:
Gorovei, p. 13; Grigoruță, pp. 38–39; Iftimi, p. 42; Papadopol-Calimah, p. 345. See also
Djuvara, p. 317; Iorga (1928), p. 301; Opaschi, p. 27; Popa & Rotaru, p. 140; Xenopol, p. 182
948:
The two boyars finally were decapitated on August 18, 1778. Contemporary records suggest that they were killed at night in the Bahlui dungeon; their executioner was a
Captain Pavăl from
2682:
856:
formed a boyar "brotherhood" with figures such as Lupu Balș, Grigore
Crupenschi, Constantin Greceanu, and Alexandru Neculce, with some additional involvement by Constantin Sturdza.
2702:
2697:
763:
Tudosica's children, four sons are known to have survived into maturity: Nicolae (or Neculai), Arghirie, Gheorghe and Constantin. All were educated at home, by tutors from
2667:
879:
in 1790, but, Pascu argues, "had been won over by the Freemasonry from the very beginning of his 'career'." This claim is rendered with precaution by another scholar,
554:. Instead, they came to be detested by the latter. Cuza was sidelined later that year, when Racoviță managed to topple and replace Ducas. Over the following decades,
336:, during Ghica's second and final reign. While conserving his standing in regional politics, Cuza built a large estate of his own, with clusters of villages in both
402:. According to genealogist Ștefan S. Gorovei, Ioniță's ancestry is entirely local and can be traced back to January 1588, with the first mention of a "Cozea" from
467:
and brought him a large dowry, including 15 estates in Moldavia-proper and Bessarabia. He had a steady climb at the court, being first mentioned in June 1677 as
780:, intervened as mediator; the protesters returned after being promised reparations. Thus, Cuza himself returned to prominence. From 1769 to 1773, he served as
654:, demanding less taxation for locals, and fewer privileges for the foreign merchants. According to Gorovei, these letters should be seen as early documents of
455:
and Dumitrașco, who was the known heir of Toader Cuza. It is also known that Dumitrașco married Safta, daughter of Toader Jora and sister-in-law of the Great
981:
in 1813; married to Ralu Alcaz, he had a daughter, Ecaterina Cuza-Vârnav (died 1872). A second-generation liberal, he continued his father's feud with the
921:
Mourouzis was informed of the Bogdan–Cuza–Dărmănescu intrigue, and retaliated: Bogdan and Cuza were apprehended and interrogated under torture by another
774:. He and other boyars declared themselves outraged at being sidelined from major offices, and left the country on voluntary exile. The Ottoman envoy, or
1144:. He had been married to Alecu Moruzi's daughter Maria—a matter which stirred much controversy, particularly after she took ownership of Cuza estates.
1158:. Originally a socialist, the latter Cuza first achieved notoriety in 1910, when he put out the "first publicly antisemitic program". He founded the
1154:
s uncle Gheorghe (the second) was the grandfather of the Bessarabian opera singer Valentina Cuza-Bleichmann, as well as of another political figure,
852:
taking his throne. Cuza preserved his rank and office, but began conspiring against the new monarch. As noted by historian Cristian Ploscaru, he and
688:, where they were to be kidnapped. One report suggests that they were in fact sent there, and arrested on arrival, finding themselves imprisoned at
584:
Following this regime change, Miron and Velicico involved themselves in a plot to topple Racoviță, alongside boyar Vasile Ceaurul and the mercenary
2484:
996:
Gheorghe and his brothers were instrumental in the process which led to the removal of Phanariote Princes, endorsing the nationalist memorandum of
684:, blacklisted Cuza. In 1759, the same Stavraki devised a plan to have Cuza and other 11 boyars removed, sending them on diplomatic mission to the
604:. The three younger Cuzas escaped vengeance, but were kept out of political affairs; Toader's sons declined socially, losing their boyar status.
2454:
Cătălina Opaschi, "Medalii și însemne masonice — istorie și simbol", in Cătălina Opaschi, Katiușa Pârvan, Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu (eds.),
1178:, he vied with other figures for control of the antisemitic movement from 1935. Both father and son were directly involved in persecuting the
316:, who finally agreed to grant him and other native boyars access to higher offices, and thus earned Cuza's enduring political support. He was
2672:
2622:
2471:
2459:
803:
564:
915:
929:, asking for arbitration against Mourouzis. He also incriminated Cuza, who was one of the boyars to have signed that document. Historian
724:
496:
373:, all of which created controversy and returned focus on Ioniță's rebellion. Another one of Ioniță's sons was the great-grandfather of
280:, while his grandfather, Dumitrașco Cuzea, had been hanged during the clampdown. As boyars, both the Cuzas and the Costins opposed the
787:
323:
2687:
2677:
2492:
2388:
2316:
1159:
574:
1419:
Gorovei, pp. 11–12; Iftimi, pp. 41–42; Papadopol-Calimah, pp. 352, 356–357. See also Vogoride-Konaki, pp. 16–20; Xenopol, pp. 37–40
791:
2692:
1950:
973:
896:
845:
257:
925:, Constantin Caragea. Exposed to a similar treatment, Dărmănescu admitted to having sent a letter to the Ottoman authorities in
2642:
2627:
463:). One period writ describes him as the son of Safta Jora. This dynastic arrangement also made Cuza a relative of the powerful
817:
2657:
2637:
2632:
1179:
646:
during the abolition of Moldavian serfdom (April 1749). The same year, he and other boyars sent three letters of protest to
2509:
Cristian Ploscaru, "'Duhul nesupunerii franțuzești' în Moldova. O 'zavistie' boierească la 1803–1804 și motivele sale", in
30:
2647:
651:
2662:
2221:, "Întâmplări din viață și documente omenești. Pentru prima dată abdicarea lui Cuza Vodă povestită de Elena Doamna", in
1055:
2497:
1953:, "Epistolă adresată lui Edgar Quinet, in 1856, de A. Cantacuzin, fost ministru și membru la Curtea de Casațiune", in
1086:
1074:
528:
902:
According to Gorovei, Cuza's scheme involved deposing Mourouzis and placing Bogdan on the throne. Another historian,
755:
2380:
1187:
732:
292:
1070:
643:
333:
217:
2352:
859:
Various foreign sources indicate that the project was of a Masonic inspiration, which would push the history of
2652:
1163:
1078:
1059:
907:
659:
2463:
933:
notes that Cuza was mainly targeted not for actually siding with Bogdan, but for having protested against the
731:. Recognized for his philanthropy, in 1762 he received from the widow Safta Racleș the neighboring village of
601:
2588:
1137:
770:
By 1767, Cuza was again in conflict with the Phanariote regime, which at the time was personified by prince
2538:
1365:
Iftimi, p. 41; Stoicescu, pp. 391, 393. See also Atanasiu, p. 77; Gorovei, p. 12; Popa & Rotaru, p. 140
875:
adventurer in Moldavia, and a mordant critic of Prince Grigore, Carra revealed himself as belonging to the
2136:
1119:
1100:
1029:
860:
673:
532:
295:
249:
1036:
and Miclescu families. Constantin, who remained in Vaslui, became through his marriage the uncle of poet
2612:
1264:
1096:
876:
849:
647:
535:, keeping Princes as the "instruments of party". Through her mother Ileana, Ilinca also descended from
515:. Cuza's own three sons, Miron, Toader and Velicico, were involved in cementing such links. Miron Cuza (
439:
425:
406:. This figure, identified by Gorovei as the Cuza patriarch, made lucrative land deals in other parts of
366:
352:
256:, were landowners of uncertain origin who, by the time of Ioniță's birth, had been established into the
2426:
1762:, "Din Duminică în Duminică. Un aventurier pripășit la curtea lui Grigore Al. Ghica Vodă, în 1775", in
619:
1000:, who then became Prince. Gheorghe then had a conflict with Sturdza: supporting the constitutionalist
868:
853:
836:
later in 1774. The reign was nevertheless one of major setbacks, beginning with the forced cession of
681:
424:. Unusually among Moldavian boyars, the Cuzas seem not to have adopted a coat of arms of their own. A
348:
299:
2617:
1050:
911:
888:
826:
655:
585:
551:
277:
245:
989:, who had him arrested. During the same interval, Russia reassigned his Bessarabian villages to the
2567:
2502:
2358:
1955:
1617:
Paul Cernovodeanu, "Elemente incipiente ale burgheziei în societatea românească sub fanarioți", in
1505:
1428:
Papadopol-Calimah, pp. 352, 357. See also Stoicescu, p. 392; Vogoride-Konaki, p. 20; Xenopol, p. 39
1272:
1167:
1123:
1066:
986:
508:
391:
356:
145:
1759:
864:
638:
1013:
600:
as a blind retaliation for his sons' doings. His body was dropped in a mass grave by the side of
253:
1554:
Mihai Sorin Rădulescu, "Genealogie și cultură. O familie boierească din Moldova – Râșcanii", in
1005:
1001:
2402:
Sorin Grigoruță, "Un doctor ieșean în a doua jumătate a secolului XVIII: Dracache Depasta", in
592:
defeated Ernaut, and resumed control of the country. Racoviță ordered Cuza Sr's hanging on the
502:
Dumitrașco also cultivated a close relationship with the Costin boyars, and in particular with
2592:
2571:
2542:
2488:
2467:
2443:
2430:
2384:
2312:
1191:
1037:
1021:
964:
872:
841:
837:
771:
399:
313:
273:
447:
291:
Ioniță was at the forefront of this fight in 1759, when he managed to contain the actions of
2559:
2227:, January 1995, p. 5. See also Constantin Chiper, "Elena Cuza în memoria românilor (2)", in
982:
884:
740:
435:
370:
337:
527:, he married Ilinca, daughter of Ioniță Costin, granddaughter of his namesake and niece of
469:
2526:
Maria Popa, Doina Rotaru, "Biserica 'Nașterea Maicii Domnului' de la Bârzești-Vaslui", in
2395:
2366:
2242:
2223:
926:
764:
685:
303:
2340:
Mihai-Bogdan Atanasiu, "Contribuții prosopografice: doi logofeți din familia Donici", in
407:
355:. He was survived by five sons. Through one of them, Ioniță was the great-grandfather of
2229:
Forțele Terestre. Buletin de Teorie Militară Editat de Statul Major al Forțelor Terestre
1183:
1033:
990:
627:
559:
460:
285:
265:
1651:
Mihai Sorin Rădulescu, "Genealogie și cultură. Grigore Gafencu, date genealogice", in
2606:
2580:
2416:
2372:
1653:
1556:
1500:
1175:
953:
930:
903:
880:
806:
474:
421:
949:
809:
confirmed Ghica for the throne before they left, rendering their mission redundant.
2139:, "Cuvîntu în contra alegeriĭ și a eligibilitățiĭ D-luĭ Alecsandru C. Morud̦i", in
1082:
1025:
1009:
997:
942:
934:
626:("Cuza the Bearded"), was "slaughtered by the Prince" (whose name is not given) at
512:
482:
477:, granted ownership of Vlăicenii village in recognition for his service. He became
420:
at an early stage, with records showing them as founders and owners of the village
269:
1065:
Ioan and Sultana were parents to the most distinguished Cuza of the 19th century,
536:
268:
aristocrats. Ioniță's mother was a direct descendant of the statesman-chronicler
2442:. Bucharest & Vălenii de Munte: Așezământul Grafic Datina Românească, 1938.
442:, but is presumed by historian Sorin Iftimi to be a late-19th-century invention.
1838:
747:
728:
597:
403:
596:("cradle") prepared outside the princely court, in what was seen by chronicler
40:
figure from the arms used by Ioan Cuza, possibly symbolizing grandfather Ioniță
2516:
2300:
2218:
2169:
2141:
1302:
Stoicescu, p. 392. See also Bezviconi I, p. 111; Gorovei, p. 11; Iftimi, p. 41
1155:
1106:
1073:
and participant in the 1848 revolt, he became friends and fellow inmates with
795:
555:
539:
royalty, whose coat of arms was sometimes attributed to her Cuza descendants.
417:
374:
341:
328:
281:
206:
36:
735:. Around that time, he engaged in litigation over land with Vasile Crudul of
2535:
Dicționar al marilor dregători din Țara Românească și Moldova. Sec. XIV–XVII
1836:"Figuri revoluționare. Conferința d-lui D. V. Barnoschi la sala Dalles", in
1764:
1132:
1016:
on Moldavian territory. They were later passed on to Gheorghe's son-in-law,
706:
689:
632:
523:
2342:
Analele Științifice ale Universității Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iași. Istorie
302:. He was deceived by the latter into leading a diplomatic mission into the
2596:
2575:
2558:
Em. Vogoride-Konaki, "Schițe din viața și familia Logofĕtuluĭ Konaki", in
2546:
2519:(contributors: D. Ivănescu, Gh. David), "Amintiri. Ce am voit să fac", in
2447:
2434:
2476:
1091:
1028:, from 1812 annexed to Russia, alongside other parts of Moldavia, as the
799:
782:
751:
395:
361:
318:
241:
187:
75:
56:
1887:
Grigoruță, p. 39. See also Iftimi, p. 42; Papadopol-Calimah, pp. 345–346
521:
1680–1742) may have been named after Ioniță's father. Holding office as
2308:
938:
822:
758:, as well as townhouses in Vaslui and Iași. Cuza married a daughter of
578:
569:
517:
487:
308:
124:
51:
2585:
Istoria Românilor din Dacia Traiană. Vol. IX: Mavrocordații. 1711—1749
867:
argues that, especially through Bogdan, the conspirators were tied to
1171:
1141:
776:
719:
711:
504:
464:
412:
261:
2456:
Medalii și însemne masonice. Istorie și simbol. Catalog de expoziție
1130:
surrounded himself mostly with his Cozadini relatives, who became a
244:
statesman and political conspirator, remembered as one of the first
2513:, Vol. XXIV, Issues 5–6, September–December 2013, pp. 479–495.
2377:Între Orient și Occident. Țările române la începutul epocii moderne
1024:). Arghirie (1758–1826) and his wife Ileana Kostaki were based in
743:
736:
531:. The Costins had been one of the most powerful players after the
369:. His reign saw several rapprochements between the Cuzas and the
284:
regime and devised other schemes to emancipate Moldavia from the
2355:, 1940; Vol. II, Bucharest: National Institute of History, 1943.
1077:, who was a grandson of Prince Constantine. Cuza sided with the
430:
2255:
Iftimi, pp. 54–58. See also Bezviconi II, p. 32; Gorovei, p. 13
910:
and modernizing political literature to Moldavia, while writer
672:
s anti-Phanariote sentiments were recorded under the reign of
618:
According to an oral tradition attested among the peasants of
2423:
Francmasoni și conspiratori în Moldova secolului al XVIII-lea
2106:
Iftimi, p. 45–50. See also Gorovei, p. 13; Sturdza, pp. 15–17
1032:. The couple's two daughters married, respectively, into the
1509:, Vol. XX, Issue 10, January 1887, pp. 806–807, 809–810, 816
658:, with Ioniță Cuza included on "something one may call the '
351:, after both were caught up in the intrigues against Prince
1896:
Grigoruță, p. 39; Iorga (1928), pp. 301–302; Opaschi, p. 27
398:. Historian N. Stoicescu believes that they were possibly
1338:
Stoicescu, p. 392. See also Gorovei, p. 11; Iftimi, p. 41
1008:. The Cuza properties suffered damages in 1821, when the
546:
tried to mediate a conflict between Prince Ducas and his
2363:
Istoria literaturii române de la origini pînă în prezent
2305:
Preludiu la asasinat. Pogromul de la Iași, 29 iunie 1941
2506:, Vol. XVIII, Issue 9, December 1884, pp. 341–358.
802:, where they were to ask for Ghica's return as Prince.
798:, nominated Cuza and Enachi Chirica as their envoys to
272:; his father, Miron Cuza, had been involved in the pro-
2500:, "Amintiri despre Curtea Domnească din Iași (I)", in
2393:Ștefan S. Gorovei, "Cronici de familii: Cuzeștii", in
1639:
Iftimi, pp. 10, 42. See also Popa & Rotaru, p. 140
2071:
Gorovei, pp. 13–14; Iftimi, pp. 42–43. See also Poni
1166:. The latter group also involved his son, also named
1020:
Costachi Vârnav (distantly related to the politician
739:, reportedly forcing the latter to seek a loan from
445:
The first Cuza to reach high office may have been a
434:shield is attributed to them by heraldists such as
213:
201:
193:
175:
170:
156:
139:
131:
111:
103:
98:
73:
49:
21:
1054:regime, but were liberals, deeply involved in the
2062:, p. 16, which gives Grigore's birth date as 1769
1630:Popa & Rotaru, p. 140. See also Iftimi, p. 42
1578:Popa & Rotaru, p. 139. See also Iftimi, p. 42
1569:Gorovei, pp. 12–13. See also Xenopol, pp. 105–109
1044:childless. Ioan and Grigore both held offices as
1383:Iftimi, pp. 25, 41. See also Bezviconi I, p. 185
558:bureaucrats acting under the supervision of the
2683:Prisoners and detainees of the Crimean Khanate
2004:Gorovei, p. 13; Popa & Rotaru, pp. 140–141
786:, ending his term under the early stages of a
416:Băisan. The family may have branched out into
2411:Alexandru Ioan Cuza. 200 de ani de la naștere
2404:Anuarul Institutului de Istorie A. D. Xenopol
1959:, Vol. XVIII, Issue 11, February 1885, p. 477
1647:
1645:
16:Moldavian statesman and political conspirator
8:
2703:People executed for treason against Moldavia
1968:Popa & Rotaru, pp. 140, 142–143, 146–150
1832:
1830:
1828:
848:. The Prince was assassinated in 1777, with
511:, orphaned son of the writer and politician
2698:People executed by Moldavia by decapitation
2240:Nicolae Grigoraș, "Dramele Ruginoasei", in
577:, which then imposed terror on the city of
2551:Mihai Dim. Sturdza, "Frații Cozadini", in
2440:Istoria românilor. Volumul 9: Unificatorii
2344:, Vols. LIV–LV, 2008–2009, pp. 69–80.
1182:, in particular during and after the 1941
794:. In August 1774, the boyars, gathered at
18:
2481:Anii treizeci. Extrema dreaptă românească
2132:
2130:
1320:Gorovei, p. 11. See also Ploscaru, p. 491
863:to 1770 or even before, to 1740. Scholar
312:. In 1767, Cuza also had a standoff with
2668:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Romania
2349:Boierimea Moldovei dintre Prut și Nistru
2246:, October 1968, p. 15; Iftimi, pp. 52–53
1755:
1753:
1720:Iftimi, p. 42; Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
1608:, Vol. VIII, Issue 1, January 1971, p. 7
1518:Iftimi, p. 42; Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
816:
2200:Iftimi, pp. 45, 47; Sturdza, pp. 16, 18
1202:
887:, suggesting that the movement was of
754:; he had inherited additional land in
359:, Romanian nationalist campaigner and
2460:National Museum of History of Romania
2231:, Issue 1/2010, p. 176; Iftimi, p. 52
941:at Iași's princely court, facing the
717:As the head of his house, Ioniță was
7:
2163:S***, "Corespondință particulariă a
240:(ca. 1715 – August 18, 1778), was a
2413:. Suceava: Editura Mușatinii, 2020.
2406:, Vol. XLVII, 2010, pp. 33–47.
2058:Gorovei, pp. 13, 14. See also Poni
1747:Djuvara, p. 317; Opaschi, pp. 26–27
1503:, "Mormĕntul lui Miron Costin", in
899:, existed at Iași from April 1772.
642:to 1752, being consulted by Prince
2530:, Vol. XI, 2010, pp. 137–156.
2523:, August 1981, pp. 14–17, 43.
2485:Editura Fundației Culturale Române
2209:Iorga (1938), pp. 367–368, 396–397
2031:Bezviconi I p. 119 & II, p. 31
1236:Bezviconi I, p. 95 & II, p. 49
14:
1437:Gorovei, p. 12; Iftimi, pp. 41–42
1218:Gorovei, p. 11; Stoicescu, p. 392
1160:National-Christian Defense League
1004:, he was detained for a while at
2399:, December 1977, pp. 10–14.
2264:Călinescu, p. 546; Iftimi, p. 57
1621:, Vol. 40, Issue 5, 1987, p. 484
347:Cuza was finally executed, with
180:
29:
2568:Editura Librăriei Frații Șaraga
2327:Popa & Rotaru, pp. 141, 144
1851:Grigoruță, p. 39; Iftimi, p. 42
1392:Atanasiu, p. 73; Gorovei, p. 11
1174:, and son-in-law of politician
377:, the antisemitic doctrinaire.
260:, being under the patronage of
2564:Poesii. Alcătuiri și tălmăciri
2022:Popa & Rotaru, pp. 141–150
1587:Popa & Rotaru, pp. 138–139
832:Cuza was appointed as Ghica's
573:"put up no resistance" to the
542:In 1701–1702, Cuza Sr and the
152:Toader Râșcanu (father-in-law)
1:
1932:Gorovei, p. 13; Iftimi, p. 42
1604:). Jalba unui moldovean", in
1190:, then demolished, under the
897:Russian branch of Freemasonry
704:to 1763, also serving as the
630:. In 1742–1748, Ioniță was a
622:, Miron, also referred to as
143:Dumitrașco Cuza (grandfather)
2673:18th-century philanthropists
2623:18th-century Romanian people
2555:, July 1999, pp. 15–18.
2458:, pp. 7–49. Bucharest:
2173:, December 20, 1861, p. 1110
2145:, December 26, 1861, p. 1136
1263:Iftimi, pp. 27–38. See also
1087:elected him Moldavian Prince
1056:Moldavian revolution of 1848
844:and administered as part of
662:', or the homegrown party".
135:Tudosica Râșcanu (died 1775)
2498:Alexandru Papadopol-Calimah
914:sees him as the founder of
252:. His paternal family, the
2719:
1410:Vogoride-Konaki, pp. 17–18
1269:Steme boerești din România
459:Ioan Sturza (of the Greek
2182:Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
2167:. Jassĭ, 9 Decembre", in
2115:Iorga (1938), pp. 125–127
1905:Iorga (1928), pp. 301–303
1869:Papadopol-Calimah, p. 345
1693:Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
1675:Popa & Rotaru, p. 140
1560:, Issues 44–45/1992, p. 7
1482:Popa & Rotaru, p. 138
1464:Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
1347:Popa & Rotaru, p. 139
1071:Moldavian military forces
644:Constantine Mavrocordatos
334:Moldavian military forces
324:Russo-Turkish War of 1768
223:
218:Moldavian military forces
94:
83:
62:
45:
28:
2688:Romanian torture victims
2678:Romanian philanthropists
2464:Editura Cetatea de Scaun
1164:National Christian Party
1060:Duchy of the Archipelago
908:Enlightenment philosophy
696:. He was simultaneously
586:François "Franță" Ernaut
2693:18th-century executions
2566:, pp. 5–96. Iași:
2353:Fundația Regele Carol I
2347:Gheorghe G. Bezviconi,
2291:Ornea, pp. 246, 256–257
1126:which toppled him, the
1118:According to historian
877:French Masonic chapters
813:Rebellion and execution
792:terms of Küçük Kaynarca
588:. In January 1717, the
2643:Postelnici of Moldavia
2628:18th-century diplomats
1738:Ploscaru, pp. 490, 492
1030:Bessarabia Governorate
861:Freemasonry in Romania
829:
674:Ioan Teodor Callimachi
533:Moldavian Magnate Wars
332:, or commander of the
322:before and during the
296:Ioan Teodor Callimachi
2658:Romanian nationalists
2638:Spatharii of Moldavia
2633:18th-century soldiers
2539:Editura enciclopedică
2351:, Vol. I. Bucharest:
1995:Ploscaru, pp. 491–492
1986:Ploscaru, pp. 489–491
1951:Alexandru Cantacuzino
1768:, March 6, 1939, p. 4
1657:, Issue 38/1991, p. 6
1138:Alexandru "Sașa" Cuza
1097:United Principalities
974:Alexandru Cantacuzino
850:Constantine Mourouzis
820:
485:, returning as Great
367:United Principalities
353:Constantine Mourouzis
276:conspiracy headed by
246:Romanian nationalists
194:Years of service
2648:Stolnici of Moldavia
1923:Djuvara, pp. 81, 210
1860:Xenopol, pp. 182–183
1842:, May 27, 1937, p. 2
1813:Iorga (1928), p. 301
1051:Regulamentul Organic
998:Ioniță Sandu Sturdza
656:Romanian nationalism
652:Ottoman Grand Vizier
236:, commonly known as
2663:Romanian Freemasons
2503:Convorbiri Literare
2137:Mihail Kogălniceanu
2049:Bezviconi II, p. 49
1956:Convorbiri Literare
1506:Convorbiri Literare
1311:Bezviconi I, p. 111
1120:Gheorghe Ghibănescu
1101:Mihail Kogălniceanu
1069:. A Colonel in the
987:Alexander Mourouzis
916:Romanian liberalism
714:from 1761 to 1767.
567:. Racoviță and his
357:Alexandru Ioan Cuza
150:Miron Cuza (father)
2282:Călinescu, p. 1031
2040:Bezviconi I, p. 34
1619:Revista de Istorie
1293:Gorovei, pp. 10–11
1265:Emanoil Hagi-Moscu
1209:Gorovei, pp. 10–11
895:, obedient to the
830:
788:Russian occupation
725:Moldavian Orthodox
602:Cetățuia Monastery
565:Austro–Turkish War
440:Emanoil Hagi-Moscu
23:Ioniță (Ioan) Cuza
2589:Cartea Românească
2472:978-973-8966-10-9
2427:Cultura Națională
2154:Iftimi, pp. 40–41
1598:Floarea darurilor
1284:Stoicescu, p. 392
1254:Iftimi, pp. 25–27
1038:Vasile Alecsandri
967:commemorated the
965:Romanian folklore
891:. A lodge called
889:peninsular origin
846:Galicia–Lodomeria
842:Habsburg monarchy
840:, annexed by the
838:northern Moldavia
772:Grigore III Ghica
497:Constantine Ducas
314:Grigore III Ghica
298:and his courtier
227:
226:
2710:
2560:Costache Conachi
2511:Revista Istorică
2359:George Călinescu
2328:
2325:
2319:
2307:, p. 385. Iași:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2283:
2280:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2247:
2238:
2232:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2174:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2134:
2125:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2082:
2076:
2069:
2063:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1948:
1942:
1939:
1933:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1915:
1914:Grigoruță, p. 39
1912:
1906:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1861:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1843:
1834:
1823:
1822:Grigoruță, p. 39
1820:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1769:
1757:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1703:
1702:Ploscaru, p. 491
1700:
1694:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1664:
1658:
1649:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1622:
1615:
1609:
1594:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1552:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1510:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1393:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1276:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1192:communist regime
1153:
1085:. That assembly
983:Mourouzis family
869:Jean-Louis Carra
854:Manolache Bogdan
682:Iordaki Stavraki
671:
436:Mateiu Caragiale
349:Manolache Bogdan
300:Iordaki Stavraki
186:
184:
183:
171:Military service
121:
119:
99:Personal details
88:
67:
33:
19:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2653:Romanian rebels
2603:
2602:
2601:
2553:Magazin Istoric
2521:Magazin Istoric
2396:Magazin Istoric
2367:Editura Minerva
2336:
2331:
2326:
2322:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2243:Magazin Istoric
2239:
2235:
2224:Magazin Istoric
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2135:
2128:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2083:
2079:
2070:
2066:
2057:
2053:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1835:
1826:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1777:Djuvara, p. 318
1776:
1772:
1758:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1650:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1616:
1612:
1595:
1591:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1499:
1495:
1491:Atanasiu, p. 77
1490:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1378:
1374:Djuvara, p. 346
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1271:, . Bucharest:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1151:
962:
912:D. V. Barnoschi
827:Gabriel Sergeev
815:
765:Golia Monastery
686:Crimean Khanate
669:
615:
610:
481:in 1679, under
388:
383:
326:, returning as
304:Crimean Khanate
278:François Ernaut
181:
179:
166:Constantin Cuza
165:
164:Gheorghe I Cuza
163:
161:
151:
149:
144:
123:
122:August 18, 1778
117:
115:
89:
84:
68:
63:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2578:
2556:
2549:
2533:N. Stoicescu,
2531:
2524:
2514:
2507:
2495:
2474:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2437:
2414:
2409:Sorin Iftimi,
2407:
2400:
2391:
2370:
2356:
2345:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2320:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2248:
2233:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2191:Opaschi, p. 37
2184:
2175:
2156:
2147:
2126:
2124:Gorovei, p. 13
2117:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2077:
2064:
2051:
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
2013:Gorovei, p. 13
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1977:Gorovei, p. 13
1970:
1961:
1943:
1941:Gorovei, p. 13
1934:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1804:Gorovei, p. 13
1797:
1795:Opaschi, p. 27
1788:
1786:Opaschi, p. 26
1779:
1770:
1749:
1740:
1731:
1729:Gorovei, p. 13
1722:
1713:
1711:Gorovei, p. 13
1704:
1695:
1686:
1684:Gorovei, p. 13
1677:
1668:
1666:Gorovei, p. 13
1659:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1610:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1547:
1545:Gorovei, p. 12
1538:
1536:Gorovei, p. 12
1529:
1527:Gorovei, p. 12
1520:
1511:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1473:Gorovei, p. 12
1466:
1457:
1455:Gorovei, p. 12
1448:
1446:Xenopol, p. 39
1439:
1430:
1421:
1412:
1403:
1401:Gorovei, p. 11
1394:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1356:Gorovei, p. 11
1349:
1340:
1331:
1329:Gorovei, p. 10
1322:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1256:
1247:
1245:Gorovei, p. 11
1238:
1229:
1227:Gorovei, p. 11
1220:
1211:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1170:. A published
1079:National Party
1067:Alexandru Ioan
1022:Scarlat Vârnav
961:
958:
814:
811:
660:national party
648:Abdullah Pasha
620:Trifești-Neamț
614:
611:
609:
606:
560:Ottoman Empire
552:Mihai Racoviță
529:Nicolae Costin
387:
384:
382:
379:
286:Ottoman Empire
254:Cuzas (Cuzeas)
225:
224:
221:
220:
215:
211:
210:
203:
199:
198:
195:
191:
190:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
158:
154:
153:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
96:
95:
92:
91:
81:
80:
71:
70:
60:
59:
47:
46:
43:
42:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2715:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2587:. Bucharest:
2586:
2582:
2581:A. D. Xenopol
2579:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2537:. Bucharest:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:973-9155-43-X
2490:
2486:
2483:. Bucharest:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2425:. Bucharest:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:Nicolae Iorga
2415:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2389:973-28-0523-4
2386:
2382:
2379:. Bucharest:
2378:
2374:
2373:Neagu Djuvara
2371:
2368:
2365:. Bucharest:
2364:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2317:973-681-799-7
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2273:Ornea, p. 395
2270:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2212:
2206:
2203:
2197:
2194:
2188:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2103:
2100:
2097:Iftimi, p. 27
2094:
2091:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1902:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1654:Contemporanul
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1557:Contemporanul
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1501:V. A. Urechia
1497:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1470:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1180:Romanian Jews
1177:
1176:Iancu Flondor
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1075:Alecu Moruzi
1072:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:followed the
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
988:
984:
980:
975:
970:
966:
959:
957:
955:
951:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:A. D. Xenopol
928:
924:
919:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:Nicolae Iorga
900:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
881:Neagu Djuvara
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
828:
824:
821:Cityscape of
819:
812:
810:
808:
807:Abdul Hamid I
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:
779:
778:
773:
768:
766:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
721:
715:
713:
709:
708:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
668:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:
636:, and then a
635:
634:
629:
625:
624:Cuza Bărbosul
621:
612:
607:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
582:
580:
576:
575:Imperial Army
572:
571:
566:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
525:
520:
519:
514:
510:
509:Ioniță Costin
507:
506:
500:
498:
494:
490:
489:
484:
480:
476:
475:Antonie Ruset
472:
471:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:
443:
441:
437:
433:
432:
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:
409:
405:
401:
400:ethnic Greeks
397:
393:
385:
380:
378:
376:
372:
368:
364:
363:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
338:Fălciu County
335:
331:
330:
325:
321:
320:
315:
311:
310:
305:
301:
297:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
222:
219:
216:
212:
209:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
189:
178:
174:
169:
162:Arghirie Cuza
159:
155:
148:(grandfather)
147:
146:Ioniță Costin
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
114:
110:
106:
102:
97:
93:
87:
82:
78:
77:
72:
66:
61:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
39:
38:
32:
27:
20:
2613:1710s births
2584:
2563:
2552:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2510:
2501:
2480:
2455:
2439:
2422:
2410:
2403:
2394:
2376:
2362:
2348:
2341:
2323:
2304:
2296:
2287:
2278:
2269:
2260:
2251:
2241:
2236:
2228:
2222:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2150:
2140:
2120:
2111:
2102:
2093:
2085:
2080:
2072:
2067:
2059:
2054:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1954:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1883:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1847:
1837:
1818:
1809:
1800:
1791:
1782:
1773:
1763:
1760:Giorge Pascu
1743:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1662:
1652:
1635:
1626:
1618:
1613:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1555:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1504:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1214:
1205:
1188:nationalized
1148:
1146:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1112:
1105:
1090:
1083:ad-hoc Divan
1064:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1026:Hotin County
1017:
1010:Ottoman army
1002:Ionică Tăutu
995:
978:
968:
963:
947:
943:Bahlui River
935:Ottoman army
922:
920:
901:
892:
865:Giorge Pascu
858:
833:
831:
825:in 1793, by
781:
775:
769:
759:
718:
716:
705:
701:
697:
693:
677:
666:
664:
637:
631:
623:
616:
593:
589:
583:
568:
547:
543:
541:
522:
516:
513:Miron Costin
503:
501:
492:
486:
483:George Ducas
478:
468:
456:
452:
446:
444:
429:
411:
408:Neamț County
389:
360:
346:
327:
317:
307:
290:
270:Miron Costin
237:
233:
229:
228:
205:
160:Nicolae Cuza
85:
74:
64:
50:
35:
2618:1778 deaths
2088:, pp. 16–17
1184:Iași pogrom
1162:, then the
1014:Sacred Band
991:Balș family
598:Ion Neculce
473:for Prince
238:Ioniță Cuza
79:of Moldavia
2607:Categories
2528:Monumentul
2517:Petru Poni
2334:References
2301:Jean Ancel
2219:A. C. Cuza
1156:A. C. Cuza
1140:, died in
1048:under the
1046:Ispravnici
979:Spatharios
969:Spatharios
954:Târgu Ocna
923:Spatharios
834:Spatharios
727:church in
678:Spatharios
556:Phanariote
548:Spatharios
493:Spatharios
491:and Great
479:Spatharios
418:Bessarabia
396:Lorrainers
375:A. C. Cuza
342:Bessarabia
329:Spatharios
282:Phanariote
250:Freemasons
207:Spatharios
176:Allegiance
127:, Moldavia
118:1778-08-18
37:Spatharios
2597:895225629
2591:, 1929.
2576:819344488
2570:, 1887.
2547:822954574
2541:, 1971.
2487:, 1995.
2466:, 2006.
2448:490479129
2435:933398190
2429:, 1928.
2383:, 1995.
2381:Humanitas
2165:Romanuluĭ
1765:Universul
1172:sonneteer
1133:camarilla
1124:1866 coup
1006:Pângărați
707:Ispravnic
690:Yeni-Kale
633:Postelnic
594:scrânciob
537:Movilești
524:Logothete
381:Biography
371:Mourouzis
242:Moldavian
197:1774–1778
140:Relations
90:1769–1773
86:In office
69:1759–1763
65:In office
2477:Z. Ornea
2311:, 2005.
2170:Românulŭ
2142:Românulŭ
1839:Adevărul
1600:(Arhiva
1168:Gheorghe
1149:Domnitor
1128:Domnitor
1113:Românulŭ
1107:Românulŭ
1092:Domnitor
800:Istanbul
783:Paharnic
752:Rebricea
748:Zăpodeni
733:Bârzești
729:Negrești
676:, whose
461:Sturdzas
392:Italians
362:Domnitor
319:Paharnic
274:Habsburg
258:boyardom
230:Ion Cuza
214:Commands
188:Moldavia
157:Children
107:ca. 1715
76:Paharnic
57:Moldavia
2369:, 1986.
2309:Polirom
2075:, p. 16
1095:of the
1089:, then
1081:in the
1034:Rosetti
950:Cosăuți
939:dungeon
796:Focșani
744:usurers
741:Turkish
723:of the
702:Vistier
698:Stolnic
694:Stolnic
590:Seimeni
570:Seimeni
488:Stolnic
453:Vistier
448:Vistier
426:tierced
422:Cozești
404:Roșiori
386:Origins
365:of the
309:Stolnic
266:Sturdza
52:Stolnic
2595:
2574:
2545:
2491:
2470:
2462:&
2446:
2433:
2387:
2315:
2086:et al.
2073:et al.
2060:et al.
1606:Ateneu
1602:Ateneu
1275:, 1918
1142:Madrid
1018:Vornic
960:Legacy
927:Bender
873:French
804:Sultan
777:Kapucu
756:Cuzlău
720:ktitor
712:Vaslui
650:, the
608:Career
544:Hetman
505:Hetman
495:under
465:Doukas
457:Vornic
413:Vornic
293:Prince
262:Doukas
185:
132:Spouse
2084:Poni
1273:Socec
1198:Notes
1152:'
893:Marte
885:Italy
760:Pitar
737:Orhei
670:'
667:Pitar
639:Pitar
628:Roman
470:Comis
234:Cuzea
2593:OCLC
2572:OCLC
2543:OCLC
2489:ISBN
2468:ISBN
2444:OCLC
2431:OCLC
2385:ISBN
2313:ISBN
1147:The
871:. A
823:Iași
750:and
700:and
665:The
613:Rise
579:Iași
438:and
431:fess
428:per
340:and
264:and
248:and
202:Rank
125:Iași
112:Died
104:Born
1040:.
945:.
918:.
710:of
518:fl.
394:or
232:or
55:of
2609::
2583:,
2562:,
2479:,
2419:,
2375:,
2361:,
2303:,
2129:^
1827:^
1752:^
1644:^
1267:,
1194:.
1115:.
1062:.
993:.
767:.
680:,
581:.
550:,
499:.
344:.
288:.
1596:"
120:)
116:(
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