2473:
882:
862:
39:
1702:
748:
919:
666:
1618:
1100:
1086:
1073:
are disadvantaged by the government's poor intellectual property protection regime. Developing a molecule for combination therapies may qualify for patent protection in other countries. However, while weak patent law adherence continues in Iran, it is expected this will create significant barriers
937:
According to the report, Iran exported more than 131 billion dollars of merchandise in 2011, ranking as the 23rd biggest exporter in the world. The country’s exports in 2010 stood at 101 billion dollars, the report further said. Iran's non-oil exports increased over 500% in between 2005 and 2011.
703:
has been brought up 22 times. At the 22nd time, on 26 May 2005, Iran’s application for WTO membership was approved unanimously by the organization’s members (and thus by the United States and Israel as a goodwill gesture so as to ease the nuclear negotiations between Iran and the international
704:
community). Thus the process of Iran’s membership in the WTO started. Once Iran’s application was accepted and examined by WTO General
Council, Iran became WTO observer member and started the process of full membership in the organization. In November 2009 Iran submitted the
998:
1062:
not to alter its laws, thereby making certain foreign copyrights unenforced by
Iranian authorities, in theory, or in practice. Yet, if Iran does eventually gain membership status in the WTO, among other prerequisites,
1047:
1028:
900:(WTO) since 2005. The United States has consistently blocked Iran's bid to join the WTO since Tehran first asked for membership several years ago. Iran has allocated $ 20 billion in loans to launch 20
2493:
1548:
938:
Iran's main non-oil exports are petroleum gases, liquefied gas hydrocarbons, liquefied propane, methanol, mineral fuels, chemical products, plastics, fruits, nuts, fertilizers, and carpets.
1356:
1331:
740:, which include protracted negotiations on a range of economic issues. Iran will join WTO as a full member only at the conclusion of this multi-year process and the implementation of the
1184:
1606:
1538:
785:
706:
1153:
737:
719:
700:
2614:
2538:
1555: (archived October 4, 2006) - Many practical information and sector specific reports, with useful websites and resources (login required for sector reports)
1148:
1054:
has previously vetoed Iran's ascension to the WTO 22 times, and as of 2007 actively refuses to support Iran's full membership in the WTO. Thus, as a matter of
2528:
2498:
1756:
1484:
491:
1462:
1992:
1578:
2306:
1951:
2721:
1599:
2206:
1819:
1541:(145-page document describing all aspects of Iran's trade and economic policies that have a bearing on WTO agreements, including the lists of
1360:
1335:
2392:
2273:
1055:
652:
464:
102:
2201:
2216:
2191:
1584:
2629:
2248:
2244:
1178:
972:
2239:
2234:
1592:
521:
439:
2165:
2134:
2102:
2002:
1431:
2747:
2548:
2523:
2356:
2258:
1314:
1163:
1138:
956:
947:
504:
305:
97:
1751:
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1158:
727:
669:
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1946:
1911:
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235:
2196:
2160:
2092:
2052:
1916:
1901:
1881:
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2624:
2609:
2366:
1143:
2144:
1956:
1931:
1866:
1856:
1804:
1794:
1295:
751:
Iranian exports in 2006. Part of the non-oil exports are rising as the country is moving towards industrial diversification.
2604:
2407:
2397:
2346:
2299:
1510:
1410:
1385:
1272:
1133:
1018:
207:
2118:
1921:
1896:
1831:
1768:
1716:
604:
2706:
2655:
2650:
2568:
2543:
2361:
1194:
1128:
1058:, Iran has determined that its interests are not served by observing WTO copyright treaties, and has thus exercised its
1022:
848:
741:
476:
471:
157:
2139:
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2032:
1936:
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1567:
1247:
1222:
733:
363:
285:
187:
2097:
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2022:
2012:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1982:
1961:
1871:
1814:
1799:
1789:
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1741:
1721:
1691:
1676:
1671:
1636:
691:(WTO) on 19 July 1996. From July 1996 to May 2001, Iran’s application had not been considered, mainly as a result of
993:
The lack of financial transparency and accountability into Iran’s inner economic workings empowers and supports the
2701:
2619:
2442:
1118:
960:
526:
358:
300:
290:
222:
2087:
2077:
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2057:
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2017:
1941:
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1841:
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1651:
574:
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1168:
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645:
531:
323:
197:
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1809:
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2292:
897:
688:
541:
536:
295:
217:
1886:
1836:
1736:
1067:
will have to be obeyed in Iran. This would require a major overhaul of business and trade operations in Iran.
2660:
2447:
2186:
1199:
619:
72:
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2402:
2211:
594:
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2341:
1123:
1036:
852:
569:
564:
451:
381:
212:
2711:
2452:
1059:
1009:, with the question of World Trade Organization accession emerging as a key point of debate in Iran.
930:
The WTO in its report "World Trade 2011" has praised Iran’s export growth in 2011, noting that while
638:
589:
267:
262:
736:
is in charge of managing the process of accession to the WTO. The next step includes setting-up and
2382:
1701:
1189:
1070:
931:
599:
30:
901:
2670:
2513:
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202:
112:
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140:
50:
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913:
614:
579:
177:
67:
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1318:
1299:
1113:
964:
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328:
92:
77:
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881:
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2417:
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1002:
870:
624:
516:
348:
333:
182:
172:
122:
87:
21:
1438:
2736:
2432:
1507:"Business Monitor International: Iran Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare Report Q2, 2009"
1051:
1006:
959:
while creating a more favorable investment climate, such as reduced restrictions and
923:
692:
511:
416:
406:
343:
338:
252:
247:
147:
107:
1572:
38:
1558:
874:
747:
665:
434:
353:
242:
162:
918:
1292:
1005:. But there are also arguments that the IRGC should harness, rather than resist,
1173:
1091:
1031:, endorsing the free distribution of unlicensed software in massive quantities.
976:
934:
expanded in 2011 by only 5 percent, Iran’s exports raised more than 30 percent.
723:
401:
117:
1506:
1406:
1381:
1268:
1081:
866:
696:
411:
257:
82:
1579:
Accession of Iran to the World Trade
Organization: A Legal-Political Overview
886:
444:
386:
1357:"Iran exports surge 30% in 2011 despite sanctions, says WTO - Tehran Times"
1332:"Iran exports surge 30% in 2011 despite sanctions, says WTO - Tehran Times"
1243:
1218:
1099:
1573:
Challenges of Iran's agriculture sector in accession
Process to the WTO
192:
2558:
2476:
988:
885:
Import and exports of Iran (1995-2014) - in value terms, affected by
152:
62:
57:
1042:
Iran may change this status if and when it becomes a full member of
2563:
2471:
2284:
1032:
968:
917:
880:
860:
746:
664:
1617:
994:
952:
893:
684:
2288:
1588:
1039:(IP) laws, is also growing in popularity within Iran, however.
1074:
for
Iranian companies prospecting trade on the global market.
1043:
673:
127:
37:
1545:
and preferences exchanged between Iran and other countries)
699:
in the WTO Council. From May 2001 Iran’s application for
1407:"Iran's non-oil exports increase over 500% in 6 years"
1382:"Iran's non-oil exports increase over 500% in 6 years"
1185:
1035:, freely reproducible even in countries with strong
2679:
2638:
2587:
2486:
2375:
2227:
2179:
2153:
2127:
2111:
1975:
1777:
1709:
1629:
955:is hoping to attract billions of dollars' worth of
948:
Free Trade Zones and
Special Economic Zones in Iran
1154:World Trade Organization accession and membership
720:World Trade Organization accession and membership
710:as the process of accession entered a new phase.
1549:Australian Trade: Doing Business in Iran in 2006
1481:[[The Age]]. September 21, 2004"
1027:Iran's government has not agreed to be bound by
835:New updated memorandum to be submitted by 2017.
687:officially submitted an application to join the
1539:Memorandum of the foreign trade regime of Iran
2300:
1600:
1149:Iran Chamber of Commerce Industries and Mines
877:are the core items of Iran's non-oil exports.
646:
8:
1046:, as WTO members are encouraged to abide by
1479:"Security fears spark Linux drive in Iran".
2307:
2293:
2285:
1607:
1593:
1585:
653:
639:
15:
2494:Chamber of Commerce Industries and Mines
754:
1312:Iran Plans to Open Trade Centers Abroad
1269:"Iran Gearing up to Join the WTO-Again"
1210:
29:
1461:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1454:
1487:from the original on December 3, 2009
7:
2529:Management and Planning Organization
2254:Trade Promotion Organization of Iran
2192:Views on the nuclear program of Iran
1564:Trade Promotion Organization of Iran
1071:Iranian pharmaceutical manufacturers
806:6. Recently submitted documentation
1179:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
1559:Iran's Process of Accession to WTO
14:
2524:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
2259:Foreign direct investment in Iran
1164:Economic Cooperation Organization
1139:Foreign Direct Investment in Iran
799:5. Meetings of the Working Party
738:meetings of the WTO working party
714:Status of accession working party
306:International Chamber of Commerce
2202:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
1700:
1616:
1244:"IRAN TRADE LAW| process 4"
1219:"IRAN TRADE LAW| process 3"
1159:Middle East economic integration
1098:
1084:
926:was worth $ 140 billion in 2011.
914:Customs and trade policy in Iran
728:Middle East economic integration
670:Middle East economic integration
2615:Military equipment manufactured
1513:from the original on 2011-11-29
1413:from the original on 2018-07-01
1388:from the original on 2018-07-01
1275:from the original on 2016-01-29
1250:from the original on 2010-06-20
1225:from the original on 2010-06-20
869:, liquefied propane, methanol,
707:Foreign Trade Regime Memorandum
1144:International rankings of Iran
1001:, as well as its control of a
896:has an observer status at the
827:9. Draft Working Party Report
813:7. Market Access Negotiations
1:
1321:. Retrieved January 18, 2010.
1134:Intellectual property in Iran
1019:Intellectual property in Iran
774:2. Working Party Established
1302:. Retrieved 23 January 2008.
1195:Iran-United States relations
1129:Iranian Economic Reform Plan
1023:Iran-United States relations
849:Iranian Economic Reform Plan
742:Iranian Economic Reform Plan
382:Intellectual property rights
2240:Minister of Foreign Affairs
2235:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1568:Ministry of Commerce (Iran)
1534:WTO accession status - Iran
680:for Iran's non-oil exports.
364:Economic and monetary union
286:International Monetary Fund
223:Voluntary export restraints
2764:
2197:Iran–Israel proxy conflict
1119:Labor and tax laws in Iran
1016:
986:
945:
911:
842:
758:WTO accession step - Iran
717:
359:Customs and monetary union
301:World Customs Organization
291:International Trade Centre
2549:National Development Fund
2504:General Inspection Office
2469:
2357:Foreign direct investment
2322:
1698:
1623:Foreign relations of Iran
1169:List of Iranian companies
1048:WTO copyright regulations
865:Iranian exports in 2006.
792:4. Questions and Replies
324:Preferential trading area
2748:World Trade Organization
2519:Iran Mercantile Exchange
898:World Trade Organization
766:1. Application Received
689:World Trade Organization
605:Balassa–Samuelson effect
600:Ricardian trade theories
487:Largest consumer markets
296:World Trade Organization
2207:Israeli–Sunni Coalition
2187:Nuclear program of Iran
1581:- S. Jalal Alavi (2010)
1575:- Omid Gilanpour (2006)
1200:South-South Cooperation
999:many illicit activities
620:Lerner symmetry theorem
2722:Science and technology
2610:International rankings
2480:
2367:Science and technology
2245:Diplomatic missions of
2154:Multilateral relations
1993:Bosnia and Herzegovina
927:
890:
878:
752:
695:objections and the US
681:
676:accession and a prime
595:Gravity model of trade
492:Leading trade partners
397:Government procurement
198:Exchange rate controls
42:
2579:Tehran Stock Exchange
2559:Religious foundations
2544:Ministry of Petroleum
2479:Petrochemical Complex
2475:
2403:Communications and IT
2398:Banking and insurance
2347:Banking and insurance
2274:Ambassadors from Iran
1483:. 21 September 2004.
1124:Privatization in Iran
1037:Intellectual Property
921:
884:
864:
853:Privatization in Iran
750:
668:
575:Heckscher–Ohlin model
570:Competitive advantage
565:Comparative advantage
452:Trade and development
213:Countervailing duties
41:
2534:Ministry of Commerce
1952:United Arab Emirates
1566:- affiliated to the
963:and the creation of
904:in other countries.
734:Ministry of Commerce
590:Intra-industry trade
318:Economic integration
268:Economic integration
263:Economic nationalism
2630:Dams and reservoirs
2574:Supreme Audit Court
2539:Ministry of Finance
2332:Subsidy reform plan
1190:International trade
820:8. Factual Summary
218:Anti-dumping duties
158:Non-tariff barriers
103:Import substitution
2712:Labor and tax laws
2620:Nuclear facilities
2481:
2264:Propaganda in Iran
1317:2012-03-01 at the
1298:2009-07-15 at the
1029:WTO copyright laws
1013:WTO copyright laws
957:foreign investment
928:
891:
879:
871:hand-woven carpets
857:Transition economy
753:
682:
678:market opportunity
672:is a step towards
585:Economic geography
392:Competition policy
188:Technical barriers
168:Tariff-rate quotas
113:Trade facilitation
98:Export orientation
43:
2730:
2729:
2282:
2281:
961:duties on imports
833:
832:
663:
662:
610:Linder hypothesis
422:Emissions trading
2755:
2554:Ravand Institute
2309:
2302:
2295:
2286:
2269:Iranian diaspora
1704:
1621:
1620:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1586:
1543:trade agreements
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1443:
1437:. Archived from
1436:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1359:. Archived from
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1334:. Archived from
1328:
1322:
1309:
1303:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
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1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1215:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1087:
965:free trade zones
942:Free trade zones
786:24 November 2009
755:
655:
648:
641:
615:Leontief paradox
580:New trade theory
183:Export subsidies
68:Balance of trade
16:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2743:Economy of Iran
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2707:Economic Reform
2675:
2634:
2583:
2569:Social Security
2482:
2467:
2448:Pharmaceuticals
2371:
2318:
2316:Economy of Iran
2313:
2283:
2278:
2223:
2175:
2149:
2123:
2107:
1971:
1773:
1705:
1696:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1553:Wayback Machine
1530:
1525:
1516:
1514:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1475:
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1470:
1453:
1447:
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1434:
1432:"Archived copy"
1430:
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1416:
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1405:
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1400:
1391:
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1380:
1379:
1375:
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1339:
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1325:
1319:Wayback Machine
1310:
1306:
1300:Wayback Machine
1291:
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1212:
1208:
1114:Economy of Iran
1104:
1097:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1060:sovereign right
1050:. However, the
1025:
1015:
991:
985:
950:
944:
922:Iran's non-oil
916:
910:
859:
845:Economy of Iran
841:
839:Economic Reform
730:
716:
659:
630:
629:
560:
552:
551:
507:
497:
496:
467:
457:
456:
427:Trade sanctions
377:
369:
368:
329:Free-trade area
319:
311:
310:
281:
273:
272:
238:
228:
227:
173:Import licenses
143:
133:
132:
93:Trade diversion
53:
12:
11:
5:
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2666:Petrochemicals
2663:
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2648:
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2640:
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2633:
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2627:
2625:Power stations
2622:
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2217:U.S. sanctions
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2166:European Union
2163:
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2135:Czechoslovakia
2131:
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2109:
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2103:United Kingdom
2100:
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2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2003:Czech Republic
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
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1529:
1528:External links
1526:
1524:
1523:
1498:
1468:
1423:
1398:
1373:
1348:
1323:
1304:
1293:WTO Membership
1285:
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163:Import quotas
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2499:Central Bank
2487:Institutions
2408:Construction
1947:Turkmenistan
1912:Saudi Arabia
1682:South Africa
1642:Burkina Faso
1515:. Retrieved
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1478:
1471:
1446:. Retrieved
1439:the original
1426:
1415:. Retrieved
1401:
1390:. Retrieved
1376:
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1361:the original
1351:
1340:. Retrieved
1336:the original
1326:
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1277:. Retrieved
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777:26 May 2005
731:
705:
683:
435:Currency war
354:Fiscal union
243:Mercantilism
141:Restrictions
19:
2383:Agriculture
2362:Environment
2161:Arab League
2093:Switzerland
2053:Netherlands
1917:South Korea
1902:Philippines
1882:North Korea
1785:Afghanistan
1174:Group of 15
1092:Iran portal
1056:reciprocity
977:Kish Island
932:world trade
875:automobiles
724:Group of 15
440:Trade costs
402:Outsourcing
118:Trade route
31:World trade
2737:Categories
2680:Categories
2514:Oil bourse
2509:Government
2423:Healthcare
2388:Automobile
2376:Industries
2145:Yugoslavia
1957:Uzbekistan
1932:Tajikistan
1867:Kyrgyzstan
1857:Kazakhstan
1805:Bangladesh
1795:Azerbaijan
1757:after 1979
1517:2010-04-09
1448:2010-06-15
1417:2013-01-23
1392:2013-01-23
1367:2012-04-13
1342:2012-04-13
1279:2016-01-22
1254:2010-04-03
1229:2010-04-03
1206:References
1017:See also:
987:See also:
946:See also:
912:See also:
887:oil prices
867:Pistachios
843:See also:
718:See also:
697:veto power
505:By country
412:Fair trade
258:Free trade
208:Safeguards
83:Trade bloc
78:Trade pact
2702:Companies
2697:Charities
2600:Companies
2463:Transport
2443:Petroleum
2212:Sanctions
2119:Australia
1922:Sri Lanka
1897:Palestine
1832:Indonesia
1769:Venezuela
1717:Argentina
527:Argentina
445:Trade war
387:Smuggling
73:Trade law
2687:Airlines
2428:Industry
2393:Aviation
2327:Taxation
2180:Disputes
2063:Portugal
2033:Holy See
1937:Thailand
1892:Pakistan
1877:Malaysia
1710:Americas
1511:Archived
1491:April 9,
1485:Archived
1457:cite web
1411:Archived
1386:Archived
1315:Archived
1296:Archived
1273:Archived
1248:Archived
1223:Archived
1078:See also
973:Chabahar
967:like in
532:Pakistan
22:a series
20:Part of
2661:Nuclear
2458:Tourism
2413:Defense
2249:in Iran
2228:Related
2112:Oceania
2098:Ukraine
2068:Romania
2038:Hungary
2023:Germany
2013:Finland
2008:Denmark
1998:Croatia
1988:Belarus
1983:Albania
1962:Vietnam
1872:Lebanon
1820:History
1815:Georgia
1800:Bahrain
1790:Armenia
1764:Uruguay
1742:Ecuador
1722:Bolivia
1692:Tunisia
1677:Senegal
1672:Morocco
1637:Algeria
1551:at the
908:Exports
542:Vietnam
537:Romania
482:Tariffs
477:Exports
472:Imports
236:History
203:Embargo
193:Bribery
153:Tariffs
2646:Energy
2639:Energy
2477:Abadan
2438:Mining
2418:Energy
2352:Energy
2128:Former
2088:Sweden
2078:Serbia
2073:Russia
2058:Poland
2048:Kosovo
2028:Greece
2018:France
1976:Europe
1942:Turkey
1862:Kuwait
1852:Jordan
1842:Israel
1747:Mexico
1732:Canada
1727:Brazil
1652:Gambia
1630:Africa
989:Bonyad
855:, and
726:, and
559:Theory
376:Issues
63:Export
58:Import
51:Policy
2692:Banks
2595:Banks
2588:Lists
2564:Setad
2453:Space
2433:Media
2337:Labor
2083:Spain
2043:Italy
1967:Yemen
1927:Syria
1907:Qatar
1847:Japan
1827:India
1810:China
1687:Sudan
1667:Libya
1662:Kenya
1657:Ghana
1647:Egypt
1442:(PDF)
1435:(PDF)
1181:(OIC)
1033:Linux
969:Qeshm
761:Date
547:India
465:Lists
2671:Wind
2171:NATO
2140:Rome
1887:Oman
1837:Iraq
1778:Asia
1737:Cuba
1493:2010
1463:link
1021:and
995:IRGC
983:IRGC
975:and
953:Iran
894:Iran
873:and
732:The
685:Iran
431:War
2656:Oil
2651:Gas
1044:WTO
997:’s
674:WTO
128:Tax
2739::
2247:/
1509:.
1459:}}
1455:{{
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