1669:
1773:
2635:
numbers of non-ethnic
Christians in Iran. According to the data from the mid 1990s, all Protestant churches in Iran claimed an ethnic and Iranian membership of 5,000, 8,000, 10,000 or 15,000. A 2015 study estimated (describing this as a conservative estimate) that there were 100,000 Christian believers from a Muslim background living in Iran, most of them evangelical or Pentecostal Christians. Significant numbers of Muslim converts to Christianity in Iran are estimated to range from 300,000 to 500,000 by various sources. Other estimates put the numbers between 800,000 and 3 million.
1729:
1332:
1611:
2315:
2303:
1685:
1757:
1641:
2664:
1655:
2329:
1713:
1829:
5359:
1787:
83:
1597:
5369:
1743:
5681:
2735:
1485:
1227:
2749:
5693:
4302:
these
Christians are evangelicals. Recent estimates claim that the number might have climbed up to somewhere between one million and three million. This is up from 100,000 in 1994, and a majority of these converts are reportedly women. A recent documentary, Sheep among Wolves, documents the lives of these converts and shows how Iran is the "fastest-growing church" in the world.
1802:
2501:
2479:
2457:
2435:
2283:, but also in adjacent provinces. Vibrant, huge and millennia-old native Christian communities in these parts of Iran were virtually shattered by the Ottoman actions, being reduced from formerly composing majorities in some of the regions, to very small – though noticeable – surviving communities. Prior to World War I and the Assyrian genocide, the population of
1699:
1625:
2101:, the Patriarch of the Church of the East from 540 to 552. To this bishop Nushizad confessed his sincere repentance for having taken up arms against his father, an act which, he was convinced, could never win the approval of Heaven. Having professed himself a Christian he died, and the rebellion was quickly put down.
4222:
Conservative estimates place the number of
Christians in Iran between 500,000 to 800,000 believers, but others claim there are more than one million. Traditionally, Christian families amount to around 250,000, while the remainder consists of converts from Islam. Most converts from Islam belong to the
4252:
Open Doors, interviewed by the UK Home Office on 8 August 2017, stated that many converts do not publicly report their faith due to persecution, so it is difficult to record the exact numbers of
Iranian Christian converts. Open Doors believes the number to be 800,000, although this is a conservative
2646:
is the fastest shrinking religion in there , while
Christianity is growing the fastest”, and in 2018 "up to half a million Iranians are Christian converts from Muslim families, and most of these Christians are evangelicals." He adds that "recent estimates claim that the number might have climbed up
2096:
550). Very soon the rumour proved false, but people who appear to have been in the pay of
Justinian persuaded Nushizad to endeavour to maintain his position. The actions of his son deeply distressed Khosrau; he had to take prompt measures, and sent the commander, Ram Berzin, against the rebels. In
2634:
in Iran. Complicating the matter is the mixture of ethnic identity with religious affiliation, and the number of Muslim converts to
Christianity, who as discussed above have a strong incentive to conceal themselves. Most informants often referred to "only a few thousand" in estimating the overall
4301:
Speaking of faith and Iran, most people think of Islam. Yet Islam is the fastest shrinking religion there, while
Christianity is growing the fastest. According to a report by the Department of State from 2018, up to half a million Iranians are Christian converts from Muslim families, and most of
4152:
In his research article, Miller (2015, p. 71) points to an anonymous, but the well-informed source that estimated that in 2010, there were about 100,000 converts in Iran... estimated the number of
Christian ethnic Persians to be about 175,000. these were claimed to be converts of Shiite Muslim
2543:
A June 2020 online survey found a much smaller percentage of
Iranians stating they believe in Islam, with half of those surveyed indicating they had lost their religious faith. The poll, conducted by the Netherlands-based GAMAAN (Group for Analyzing and Measuring Attitudes in Iran), using online
2255:
began to evangelize in Persia. They directed their operations towards supporting the extant churches of the country while improving education and health-care. Unlike the older, ethnic churches, these evangelical Protestants began to engage with the ethnic Persian Muslim community. Their printing
2654:
expressed concern over Iranian Muslims converting to Christianity and said the Intelligence Ministry have dispatched agents active in "countering the advocates of Christianity" to areas where there is a potential for people to convert. In June 2024, it was reported that the Iranian judiciary
2533:
human rights experts said that members of the Christian minority in Iran, particularly those who have converted to Christianity, are facing severe discrimination and religious persecution in Iran. They expressed their concerns over treatment of three Iranian Christians imprisoned in Iran.
2108:
in northwestern Iran, for example, as the second-oldest church in Christendom after the Church of Bethlehem in the West Bank. A Chinese princess, who contributed to its reconstruction in 642 AD, has her name engraved on a stone on the church wall. The famous Italian traveller
2123:, in the 7th century, originally benefited Christians as they were a protected minority under Islam. However, from about the 10th century religious tension led to persecution once more. The influence of European Christians placed Near Eastern Christians in peril during the
3067:
The Armenian defeat in the Battle of Avarayr in 451 proved a pyrrhic victory for the Persians. Though the Armenians lost their commander, Vartan Mamikonian, and most of their soldiers, Persian losses were proportionately heavy, and Armenia was allowed to remain
3038:
So spirited was the Armenian defense, however, that the Persians suffered enormous losses as well. Their victory was pyrrhic and the king, faced with troubles elsewhere, was forced, at least for the time being, to allow the Armenians to worship as they
2294:, about half of the Assyrians of Persia died in Turkish and Kurdish massacres and in related outbreaks of starvation and disease. About 80 percent of Assyrian clergy and spiritual leaders perished, threatening the nation's ability to survive as a unit.
2375:
do not have Iranian citizenship, and therefore are not included in the data. In 2008, the central office of the International Union of Assyrians was officially transferred to Iran after being hosted in the United States for more than four decades.
2605:
was arrested and imprisoned for more than 10 years before he was sentenced to death in 1993, but after international pressure, he was freed in 1994, although the death sentenced was not lifted. He was murdered the next year. In 2011,
2167:, he ordered large-scale massacres of Christians in Mesopotamia, Persia, Asia Minor and Syria. Most of the victims were indigenous Assyrians and Armenians, members of the Assyrian Church of the East and of Orthodox Churches.
2591:. Although the Civil Code does not provide explicitly for the death penalty – with the crime being punishable by fines, lashing, and prison terms – judges can impose the death penalty if they desire. Iran was number nine on
4387:
2626:
Nejat TV, distribute educational and encouraging programs for Christians, especially targeting Persian speakers. Some Christian ex-Muslims emigrate from Iran for educational, political, security or economic reasons.
4145:"Report: Iran: Christian converts and house churches (1) –prevalence and conditions for religious practice Translation provided by the Office of the Commissioner-General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, Belgium"
3025:
4339:
4205:
estimates citing figures lower than 10,000, and others, such as Open Doors USA, citing numbers above 800,000, Many Protestants and converts to Christianity from Islam reportedly practice in secret.
3851:
Religious freedom advocates rallied Wednesday (Sept. 28) around an Iranian pastor who is facing execution because he has refused to recant his Christian faith in the overwhelmingly Muslim country.
3633:
4007:
3828:
2022:
in the 340s. The Sassanids feared the Christians as a subversive and possibly disloyal minority. In the early-5th century official persecution increased once more. However, from the reign of
2038:
subjects gained the official right to profess Eastern Christianity freely. Political pressure within Persia and cultural differences with western Christianity were mostly to blame for the
3944:
4067:
2356:, but one estimate from 1999 placed the number as high as 310,000. Other estimates since 2000 have placed the number of Christians with Iranian citizenship as high as 109,415 in 2006.
2135:
adopted Islam at the turn of the 14th century. The Christian population gradually declined to a small minority. Christians disengaged from mainstream society and withdrew into ethnic
2225:
resettled some 300,000 Armenians deeper within modern-day Iran, as well as establishing their own quarter in the then-capital Isfahan, which is still largely populated by Christian
4144:
4526:
156:
4223:
underground Protestant house-church movement, which Iran considers to be illegal. Meanwhile, according to Islamic and Iranian law, conversion from Islam is a capital offense.
3400:
2217:
The number of Christians in Iran was further significantly boosted through various policies of the subsequent kingdoms that ruled from 1501. For example, in 1606 during the
4188:
The underground nature of the Christian conversion movement has made numbers impossible to determine accurately. Estimates range from 300,000 to 500,000 by various sources.
4122:
2526:
government intrusion, expropriation of property, forced closure and persecution, particularly in the initial years after the Iranian Revolution, have all been documented.
2256:
presses produced much religious material in various languages. Some Persians subsequently converted to Protestantism and their churches still exist within Iran (using the
1093:
1394:
1255:
3015:
4253:
estimate. Other estimates put the number between 400,000-500,000 right up to 3 million... A March 2019 US Congressional Research Service report on Iran put the 300,000
2772:
1464:
In the 2016 census, the Statistical Center of Iran reported there were 117,700 Christians in the country; other reports put the figure at over half a million people.
1367:
having their own distinctive culture and language. The members of the newer and smaller churches are drawn both from the traditionally Christian ethnic minorities and
1043:
1315:. However, Christians comprised a larger share of the population in the past than they do today. Iranian Christians have played a significant part in the historical
4284:
Shay Khatiri of Johns Hopkins University wrote last year about Iran that "Islam is the fastest shrinking religion there, while Christianity is growing the fastest."
1668:
5405:
3415:
301:
3112:
2271:(1914–1923), as many tens of thousands of refugees poured in. However, both massacres drastically negatively affected Iran's Christian population as well, as
5665:
141:
4331:
3655:
2318:
4279:
3502:
3108:
2898:
2837:
4776:
3727:
3681:
2638:
According to scholar Ladan Boroumand, "Iran today is witnessing the highest rate of Christianization in the world." According to scholar Shay Khatiri of
3623:
3999:
3873:
2576:, led to substantial numbers of Iranian Muslims departing Islam and converting to Christianity. This took place both within Iran and abroad, among the
161:
3838:
3601:
5248:
4627:
4462:
1312:
662:
5645:
5273:
4217:
3896:
2218:
5293:
4651:
3929:
2556:
pastors started to hold church services in homes in Persian, rather than in one of the ethnic Christian minority languages such as Armenian or
2097:
the battle which followed Nushizad was mortally wounded and carried off the field. In his tent he was attended by a Christian bishop, probably
1151:
983:
936:
711:
2340:
In 1976, the census reported that the Christian population of Iran holding citizenship there numbered 168,593 people, with most of them being
4618:
4179:
4059:
3796:
3758:
3467:
3205:
3166:
1502:
1248:
1033:
4998:
3384:
3365:
3346:
1824:
believe that he and Simon were both buried here. In 1329, the church was reconstructed after an earthquake destroyed the structure in 1319.
1792:
1772:
1088:
4314:
4296:
3810:
3473:
3211:
3172:
5324:
2792:
2368:
1048:
943:
3532:
3438:
2614:
pastor, was allegedly sentenced to death for refusing to recant his faith. More recently the Iranian-American pastor and former Muslim
5640:
5398:
2767:
2263:
In the early 20th century, once again Iran's stable and extant Christian population was boosted – this time due to the effects of the
901:
726:
4518:
4235:
4165:
5635:
5630:
5083:
4867:
4046:
1568:
1053:
597:
176:
3324:
2618:, who in 2013 was sentenced to eight years prison, allegedly "Helped to build the country’s underground Christian church network".
1549:
5334:
5329:
4674:
The Lost History of Christianity: The Thousand-Year Golden Age of the Church in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia and How it Died
3788:
3750:
3702:
1521:
1241:
1113:
1066:
911:
5655:
5193:
2682:
2349:
1123:
831:
826:
566:
508:
2967:
5544:
4769:
3060:
2777:
2291:
1506:
4643:
4265:
2010:
Early Christian communities straddling the Roman-Persian border found themselves in the midst of civil strife. In 313, when
1528:
2026:(457–459) serious persecutions grew less frequent and the Persian church began to achieve a recognized status. Through the
5718:
5391:
3237:
2685:
have been translated in more recent times, although distribution of Christian literature in Persian is currently illegal.
791:
216:
4921:
1467:
The "Country Information and Guidance: Christians and Christian Converts, Iran" report published in December 2014 by the
5243:
5208:
5163:
2937:
2623:
2544:
polling to provide greater anonymity for respondents, surveyed 50,000 Iranians and found 1.5% identified as Christians.
2515:
2151:-speaking). Persecution against Christians revived in the 14th century; when the Muslim warlord of Turco-Mongol descent
647:
538:
483:
326:
316:
121:
3263:
5518:
5513:
5506:
5501:
5478:
5133:
5128:
5023:
4872:
3930:"The Secret World of God: Aesthetics, Relationships, and the Conversion of 'Frances' from Shi'a Islam to Christianity"
3412:
2207:
2191:
1833:
1805:
1535:
1427:
1417:
1384:
1103:
1038:
988:
948:
891:
456:
451:
386:
331:
221:
151:
5288:
4412:
4200:
2988:
2595:’ 2022 World Watch List, an annual ranking of the 50 countries where Christians face the most extreme persecution.
5298:
5253:
5228:
5143:
5123:
5073:
5043:
5033:
4038:
2120:
1368:
968:
861:
821:
801:
582:
543:
528:
463:
441:
416:
391:
311:
276:
261:
246:
201:
136:
1495:
5579:
5460:
5339:
5218:
5213:
5093:
4762:
2211:
1517:
1378:
1304:
1213:
1158:
1073:
1023:
998:
796:
637:
518:
513:
431:
421:
266:
4319:
Recent estimates claim that the number might have climbed up to somewhere between one million and three million.
2092:
a report reached Persia that he was dead, and at once Nushizad seized the crown and made the kingdom Christian (
1728:
5660:
5440:
5435:
5283:
5233:
5188:
5168:
5158:
5058:
5015:
4991:
4877:
3498:
2906:
2845:
2639:
2280:
2203:
1646:
1406:
1400:
1203:
1193:
1178:
1083:
1008:
978:
953:
916:
876:
871:
846:
716:
533:
503:
488:
478:
406:
366:
341:
191:
186:
166:
131:
116:
4000:"TBN Nejat Television Takes Powerful Message of Hope to Millions Across Iran, Middle East, Europe, and Beyond"
2876:
3863:
2510:
The government guarantees the recognized Christian minorities a number of rights (production and sale of non-
2279:
and massacred many tens of thousands of Armenians and Assyrians within Iran's borders as well, especially in
5430:
5258:
5173:
5153:
5038:
5028:
4437:
3659:
3020:
2762:
2011:
1996:
1961:
1690:
1602:
1586:
1390:
1208:
1183:
1163:
1138:
1013:
993:
906:
896:
851:
811:
771:
766:
761:
751:
741:
736:
731:
721:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
627:
587:
577:
548:
493:
351:
321:
306:
291:
281:
271:
236:
231:
181:
126:
101:
74:
3770:
1331:
5599:
5584:
5303:
5238:
5203:
5138:
5118:
5108:
5068:
5053:
5048:
4705:
3593:
3430:
2333:
2105:
2104:
Many old churches remain in Iran from the early days of Christianity. Some historians regard the Assyrian
1718:
1660:
1348:
1188:
1168:
1133:
1028:
1018:
963:
958:
886:
866:
856:
841:
836:
816:
786:
781:
756:
746:
679:
657:
622:
617:
612:
592:
523:
401:
396:
361:
356:
296:
251:
211:
106:
94:
4699:
5549:
5344:
5263:
5223:
5198:
5178:
5113:
5088:
5078:
5063:
3128:
2023:
1173:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1003:
921:
881:
806:
776:
667:
652:
642:
498:
473:
446:
436:
426:
411:
336:
286:
241:
226:
206:
196:
171:
111:
4714:
2572:), which was spoken by nearly all Iranians, combined with dissatisfaction at violence connected to the
2314:
1610:
5496:
5183:
5148:
5103:
5007:
4889:
3911:
2693:
2689:
2611:
1938:
1850:
1616:
1433:
1198:
1078:
973:
632:
607:
468:
379:
346:
256:
146:
4733:
4648:
4150:. Office of the Commissioner-General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, Belgium. 22 February 2009.
1279:. Through this time the Christian faith has always been followed by a minority of the population of
5685:
5539:
5313:
4984:
4496:
3833:
2868:
2740:
2723:
In the same year, it was ranked as the eighth most difficult place in the world to be a Christian.
2565:
2238:
2186:, but also in Persia). This group had a faltering start but has existed as a separate church since
2019:
1898:
1231:
5368:
2568:. Worship in homes rather than in church buildings, and the utilization of the national language (
2302:
1542:
5470:
5452:
4916:
4749:
4558:
3868:
2619:
2573:
2519:
2287:
was 40% to 50% Christian, for example. Nowadays, this number for the same city lies at 1% to 2%.
2175:
2043:
2018:
rulers of Persia adopted a policy of persecution against Christians, including the double-tax of
1582:
3381:
3362:
3343:
2580:. It is currently illegal to distribute Christian literature in the official language, Persian.
2345:
1684:
4727:- an award-winning documentary video (DVD) telling the story of some Iranian Christian martyrs
4614:
4388:"Country policy and information note: Christians and Christian converts, Iran, September 2022"
4083:
4042:
3807:
3792:
3754:
3721:
3675:
3463:
3457:
3302:
3201:
3195:
3162:
3156:
3056:
2827:
Country Information and Guidance "Christians and Christian Converts, Iran" 19 March 2015. p. 9
2787:
2782:
2607:
2584:
2561:
2372:
2360:
2341:
2268:
2264:
2234:
2222:
2148:
2027:
1964:
1886:
1756:
1734:
1640:
1437:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1320:
1316:
61:
57:
5589:
4960:
4955:
4785:
4587:
3567:
3524:
3435:
3294:
3089:
3011:
2797:
2701:
2577:
2569:
2257:
2144:
2074:
2039:
1906:
1748:
1704:
53:
4547:
2663:
5559:
5523:
5422:
4965:
4737:
4718:
4655:
4239:
4095:
3814:
3442:
3419:
3388:
3369:
3350:
3328:
3267:
3141:
2697:
2675:
2631:
2557:
2199:
2187:
2179:
2140:
2058:
2000:
1942:
1918:
1914:
1859:
1809:
1450:
1443:
4362:"Christian converts sentenced to total of 25 years in jail by Iranian judiciary - report"
3411:
Iran must ensure rights of Christian minority and fair trial for the accused– UN experts
3413:
Iran must ensure rights of Christian minority and fair trial for the accused– UN experts
3321:
5604:
5554:
4834:
3897:"The Conversion Narrative of Samira: From Shi'a Islam to Mary, her Church, and her Son"
2598:
2530:
2328:
2183:
2031:
1894:
1855:
1654:
1458:
1336:
1288:
1284:
4746:
Gilak Media - Digital Scripture in Video, Audio and Print form in the Gilaki language.
3695:
1828:
5712:
5614:
5488:
5362:
4829:
4813:
4606:
3295:
2999:
2651:
2615:
2588:
2553:
2540:
Christianity remains the second-largest non-Muslim minority religion in the country.
2523:
2272:
2242:
2241:
were furthermore deported and resettled during the same Safavid era and in the later
1882:
1878:
1778:
1762:
1454:
2630:
It is difficult to obtain accurate figures for Protestants of all denominations and
2587:
to Christianity are subject to societal and official pressure which may lead to the
1786:
1712:
5594:
5574:
5569:
5564:
4884:
4361:
3316:
2959:
2070:
2004:
1992:
1890:
1596:
1421:
1410:
1292:
4576:"Power, Personalities and Politics: The Growth of Iranian Christianity since 1979"
3556:"Power, Personalities and Politics: The Growth of Iranian Christianity since 1979"
2720:
In 2023, the country was given a score of zero out of four for religious freedom.
82:
17:
5697:
5372:
4335:
4315:"America Must Focus on Religious Persecution against Iranian Christian Converts"
4297:"America Must Focus on Religious Persecution against Iranian Christian Converts"
3829:"Iranian Pastor Youcef Nadarkhani's potential execution rallies U.S. Christians"
3628:
2754:
2602:
2276:
2156:
1972:
1742:
1484:
1468:
1300:
1296:
4660:
3233:
1698:
1323:
and 300,000–370,000 converts; some sources claim significantly higher numbers.
4845:
4591:
3571:
2730:
2592:
2252:
2249:
2164:
2110:
2062:
1980:
1957:
1953:
1817:
1308:
2933:
2352:
in the 1990s, almost half of the Armenians migrated to the newly independent
5680:
5650:
5609:
4931:
4926:
4180:"'Our second mother': Iran's converted Christians find sanctuary in Germany"
4060:"'Our second mother': Iran's converted Christians find sanctuary in Germany"
3258:
3093:
2734:
2671:
2245:
era within Iran, although both communities are exclusively Muslim nowadays.
2230:
2226:
2152:
2132:
2098:
2085:
2081:
2066:
2054:
2035:
1867:
1821:
1226:
1801:
4463:"Iran continues to persecute Christians in violation of international law"
4332:"Iran Intelligence 'Summons' People 'Who Showed Interest in Christianity'"
1453:, there are between 7,000 and 15,000 members and adherents of the various
4218:"Are Iran's Christian converts at greater risk after Soleimani's demise?"
3194:
Alexander Laban Hinton; Thomas La Pointe; Douglas Irvin-Erickson (2013).
2705:
2655:
sentenced five Christian converts to a total of over 25 years in prison.
2367:
has been recorded during this period, due to massacres and harassment in
2124:
2015:
1988:
1674:
2042:, in the course of which the Roman Empire church hierarchy labelled the
5383:
4976:
4855:
3281:
The Church of the East: An Illustrated History of Assyrian Christianity
3080:
Rezvani, Babak (Winter 2009). "The Fereydani Georgian Representation".
2601:
pastor Hossein Sudmand was charged with apostasy and executed in 1990.
2353:
2171:
1968:
1949:
1630:
1340:
2014:
proclaimed Christianity a tolerated religion in the Roman Empire, the
4850:
4840:
2709:
2322:
2307:
2136:
2128:
2089:
2080:
Some regard Persia as having very briefly been officially Christian.
2050:
2046:
1976:
1930:
1902:
4575:
4110:
3555:
3459:
The Middle East: A Guide to Politics, Economics, Society and Culture
2084:, Shahanshah from 531 to 579, married a Christian wife, and his son
4754:
2210:. Both churches now have much smaller memberships in Iran than the
1870:. Since then there has been a continuous presence of Christians in
1624:
3344:
6. Followers of selected religions in the 1976 & 1986 censuses
2662:
2643:
2511:
2327:
2313:
2301:
2284:
2160:
1984:
1926:
1910:
1863:
1837:
1827:
1800:
1330:
1276:
1272:
4236:"Iran: Christians and Christian converts - Department of Justice"
2206:. The Aramaic-speaking community that remains independent is the
1271:
dates back to the early years of the religion during the time of
4711:
4681:
The Iranian Christian Diaspora: Religion and Nationhood in Exile
4667:
Iran and Christianity: Historical Identity and Present Relevance
2537:
Iranian Christians tend to be urban, with 50% living in Tehran.
2364:
2117:
1934:
1922:
1871:
1841:
1813:
1352:
1280:
5387:
4980:
4758:
4724:
4111:"Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census"
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2560:. One of the key leaders who spearheaded this movement was the
1478:
4743:
4730:
4696:
Large Iranian Christian internet portal (mostly evangelical)
3594:"What it's like to be a Christian in Iran | DW | 25.01.2016"
3297:
Christianity in Persia and the Status of Non-Muslims in Iran
81:
4693:
3446:. Page dated 31 December 2006. Assessed on 9 October 2011.
1889:
Christian culture developed on the eastern borders of the
4740:
Virtual Iranian seminary for Christians residing in Iran.
2275:
troops crossed the Iranian border in the later stages of
3322:
Assyrians’ central office officially transferred to Iran
1816:. Believed by some to have been first built in 66 AD by
4058:
Bureau, Liana Aghajanian for the Tehran (12 May 2014).
4413:"2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Iran"
4201:"2019 Report on International Religious Freedom: Iran"
3785:
Human Rights in Iran: The Abuse of Cultural Relativism
3747:
Human Rights in Iran: The Abuse of Cultural Relativism
1881:
Christianity began to establish itself throughout the
1461:, and other minority Christian denominations in Iran.
4637:
A History of Christianity in Asia: Beginnings to 1500
2088:
was also a Christian. When the king was taken ill at
4602:, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1999.
4488:
4109:
Johnstone, Patrick; Miller, Duane Alexander (2015).
3499:"Iranians have lost their faith according to survey"
3382:
2. 15. Population by religion and ostan, 1385 census
3363:
2. 17. Population by religion and ostan, 1375 census
3158:
The Armenian Genocide: Cultural and Ethical Legacies
5623:
5532:
5487:
5469:
5451:
5421:
5312:
5272:
5014:
4948:
4909:
4902:
4822:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4029:
4027:
4025:
2233:district. Other hundreds of thousands of Christian
2034:of 484, for example, the Persian Empire's numerous
1509:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1471:states that there were 370,000 Christians in Iran.
47:
37:
4203:. United States Department of State. 12 May 2019.
2131:rule was a relief to Persian Christians until the
4611:Religions of Iran: From Prehistory to the Present
4115:Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion
3741:
3739:
3737:
1381:(between 110,000, 250,000, and 300,000 adherents)
3053:Faith in History: Armenians Rebuilding Community
2869:"History of Christians and Christianity in Iran"
2773:German Speaking Evangelical Congregation in Iran
2522:, special family law etc. According to US-based
4238:. Home Office. 20 February 2020. Archived from
2647:to somewhere between 1 million and 3 million".
2113:also described the church following his visit.
4266:"Iranians Turn Away from the Islamic Republic"
4166:"Iranians Turn Away from the Islamic Republic"
3493:
3491:
3338:
3336:
2683:Persian translations and versions of the Bible
2678:Christians use Bibles in their own languages.
1339:of Isfahan (completed 1664) is a relic of the
5399:
4992:
4770:
3055:. Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 40.
1249:
8:
5666:Category:Christianity in the Sasanian Empire
3161:. Transaction Publishers. pp. 270–271.
2905:. Washington D.C. April 2009. Archived from
2899:"In Iran, 'crackdown' on Christians worsens"
2844:. Washington D.C. April 2009. Archived from
2838:"In Iran, 'crackdown' on Christians worsens"
2793:List of religious centers in Tehran#Churches
1393:(about 21,380 adherents) in three different
32:
4548:Freedom House website, retrieved 2023-08-08
3525:"گزارش نظرسنجی درباره نگرش ایرانیان به دین"
2202:Catholics in Iran today are members of the
1359:belong to minority ethnic groups, with the
5406:
5392:
5384:
4999:
4985:
4977:
4906:
4803:
4796:
4777:
4763:
4755:
3771:"Iran is number 9 on the World Watch List"
3197:Hidden Genocides: Power, Knowledge, Memory
2688:Portions of the Bible are translated into
1866:among the first new Christian converts at
1256:
1242:
70:
31:
4438:"What its like to be a Christian in Iran"
3200:. Rutgers University Press. p. 177.
2650:In May 2019 Iran's Intelligence Minister
1569:Learn how and when to remove this message
1374:The main Christian churches in Iran are:
4598:Gillman, Ian and Hans-Joachim Klimkeit,
4559:Open Doors website, retrieved 2023-08-08
4268:. Journal of Democracy. 20 January 2020.
4168:. Journal of Democracy. 22 January 2020.
3895:Miller, Duane Alexander (October 2009).
2378:
1369:converts from a non-Christian background
5646:Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia
4629:A Brief History of Christianity in Iran
4220:. The Jerusalem Post. 7 February 2018.
3529:گَمان – گروه مطالعات افکارسنجی ایرانیان
2809:
1355:. Many members of the larger and older
73:
4639:, San Francisco, Harper and Row, 1992.
4125:from the original on 28 September 2019
4091:
4081:
3928:Miller, Duane Alexander (April 2012).
3827:Banks, Adelle M. (28 September 2011).
3817:Human Rights & Democracy for Iran.
3726:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3719:
3680:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
3673:
3501:. Iran International. 25 August 2020.
3283:, Christoph Baumer, I.B. Tauris, 2006.
3240:from the original on 30 September 2013
3137:
3126:
1313:Safavid conversion of the 15th century
4702:The Base of Iranian Historic Churches
4070:from the original on 14 December 2017
3505:from the original on 8 September 2020
3109:"A Survey of Muslim Converts in Iran"
3107:Cate, Patrick; Dwight Singer (1980).
3028:from the original on 17 November 2015
2970:from the original on 5 September 2015
2879:from the original on 25 December 2018
2622:, such as Mohabat TV, Sat7 Pars, and
33:Iranian Christians/Persian Christians
7:
4683:, I.B. Tauris, London/New York, 2024
4661:RFE/RL article on Christians in Iran
3950:from the original on 29 October 2013
3636:from the original on 3 December 2018
3624:"Iran to Punish Apostasy with Death"
3279:Baumer, Church of the East, at 263.
3175:from the original on 18 October 2017
2928:
2926:
2924:
1917:forms is still spoken by the ethnic
1793:Saint Benjamin the Deacon and Martyr
1507:adding citations to reliable sources
1319:: currently, there are at least 600
4529:from the original on 26 August 2021
4010:from the original on 6 October 2017
3876:from the original on 29 August 2014
3535:from the original on 8 October 2020
1909:. This language had been spoken by
1806:Armenian Monastery of Saint Taddeus
5641:Christianity in the Safavid Empire
3708:from the original on 19 April 2019
3604:from the original on 12 April 2018
3115:from the original on 16 March 2020
2768:Christianity in the Safavid Empire
25:
5636:List of Assyrian churches in Iran
5631:List of Armenian churches in Iran
4613:. London: Oneworld publications.
4499:from the original on 18 June 2011
4037:(Cambridge Middle East Studies).
3476:from the original on 29 July 2020
3436:Assessment for Christians in Iran
3401:Population by religion, 2006–2011
3214:from the original on 29 July 2020
2940:from the original on 14 July 2021
2867:Price, Massoume (December 2002).
5691:
5679:
5367:
5358:
5357:
4574:Miller, Duane Alexander (2015).
4342:from the original on 6 June 2019
3789:University of Pennsylvania Press
3751:University of Pennsylvania Press
3554:Miller, Duane Alexander (2015).
2747:
2733:
2500:
2499:
2478:
2477:
2456:
2455:
2434:
2433:
2248:In the 18th and 19th centuries,
2178:entered into communion with the
2106:Church of Mart Maryam (St. Mary)
2069:, completely independent of any
1785:
1771:
1755:
1741:
1727:
1711:
1697:
1683:
1667:
1653:
1639:
1623:
1609:
1595:
1483:
1387:(about 11,000–20,000 adherents),
1225:
1044:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
157:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5656:Bible translations into Persian
4519:"خوش بَموییدی | گیلک مدیا"
3155:Richard G. Hovannisian (2011).
3082:Anthropology of the Middle East
2350:dissolution of the Soviet Union
2229:some four centuries later: the
1494:needs additional citations for
1430:(about 15,000–20,000 adherents)
5325:British Indian Ocean Territory
4649:Christian architecture in Iran
4642:Statistical Information from:
4600:Christians in Asia before 1500
4366:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
3592:(www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle.
3531:(in Persian). 23 August 2020.
3433:"Minorities at Risk" Project.
2778:Christians in the Persian Gulf
2659:The Bible in languages of Iran
2061:) acquired the title first of
1:
4317:. providence. 3 August 2020.
4299:. providence. 3 August 2020.
4282:. JewishPress. 29 June 2021.
3864:"Iran's Oppressed Christians"
2552:Beginning in the 1970s, some
2548:Christian converts from Islam
2219:Ottoman–Safavid War (1603–18)
2196:Chaldean Patriarch of Babylon
2127:. From the mid-13th century,
2093:
1885:. However, a quite different
4035:Religious Minorities in Iran
3399:Statistical Centre of Iran:
3380:Statistical Centre of Iran:
3361:Statistical Centre of Iran:
3342:Statistical Centre of Iran:
1403:(3,900 adherents as of 2014)
5519:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
5514:Assyrian Evangelical Church
5507:Armenian Brotherhood Church
5502:Armenian Evangelical Church
5479:Assyrian Church of the East
4721:Iranian Christian resources
4676:, HarperOne, New York, 2008
3301:. Lexington Books. p.
2960:"Current Chaldean Dioceses"
2495:
2492:
2489:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2359:Significant immigration of
2319:Greek church of Virgin Mary
2208:Assyrian Church of the East
1428:Assyrian Pentecostal Church
1418:Assyrian Evangelical Church
1385:Assyrian Church of the East
5735:
4039:Cambridge University Press
3910:(5): 81–92. Archived from
3462:. Routledge. p. 354.
3293:Gorder, Christian (2010).
3051:Susan Paul Pattie (1997).
2964:www.catholic-hierarchy.org
2121:Islamic conquest of Persia
1999:of India and erecting the
1580:
5674:
5461:Armenian Apostolic Church
5353:
4592:10.1163/15733831-12341380
4033:Sanasarian, Eliz (2000).
3984:Rabiipour, Saiid (2009).
3572:10.1163/15733831-12341380
2989:US State Dept 2022 report
2667:St. Sarkis Church, Tehran
2529:On 2 February 2018, four
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2371:. However, most of those
2212:Armenian Apostolic Church
1913:, and, in various modern
1901:owed much to preexistent
1379:Armenian Apostolic Church
52:
42:
5661:Persian Bible Dictionary
5524:Anglican Diocese of Iran
5441:Chaldean Catholic Church
5436:Armenian Catholic Church
5074:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
3418:10 February 2018 at the
3266:3 September 2017 at the
2640:Johns Hopkins University
2334:Russian Church of Qazvin
2281:West Azerbaijan Province
2204:Chaldean Catholic Church
1967:Christianity throughout
1444:Anglican Diocese of Iran
1407:Armenian Catholic Church
1401:Chaldean Catholic Church
142:Central African Republic
5686:Christianity portal
5431:Catholic Church in Iran
5335:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4669:Continuum, London, 2008
4644:Operation World Website
4280:"Iran's Christian Boom"
3349:29 October 2013 at the
3094:10.3167/ame.2009.040205
2763:Catholic Church in Iran
1997:Saint Thomas Christians
1905:communities and to the
1691:Razhden the Protomartyr
1587:Maphrianate of the East
1349:Christian denominations
1232:Christianity portal
75:Christianity by country
5600:William McElwee Miller
5585:Ralph Cooper Hutchison
4736:27 August 2010 at the
4712:www. christforiran.com
4708:Iranian Virtual Church
4635:Moffett, Samuel Hugh,
3973:. Grand Rapids: Baker.
3969:Nasser, David (2009).
3783:Afshari, Reza (2011).
3745:Afshari, Reza (2011).
3431:University of Maryland
3136:Cite journal requires
2668:
2337:
2325:
2311:
2170:In 1445 a part of the
1975:, and from there into
1845:
1825:
1518:"Christianity in Iran"
1344:
1335:The Armenian Orthodox
712:Bosnia and Herzegovina
86:
5550:Joseph Gallup Cochran
5008:Christianity in Asia
4525:. 28 September 2009.
3971:Jumping through Fires
3327:31 March 2015 at the
2666:
2620:Satellite TV networks
2348:in the 1980s and the
2331:
2317:
2305:
1831:
1804:
1334:
1034:Saint Kitts and Nevis
302:São Tomé and Príncipe
162:Republic of the Congo
85:
5719:Christianity in Iran
5415:Christianity in Iran
5249:United Arab Emirates
4750:Christchurch Teheran
4717:2 March 2009 at the
4700:www. IranChurches.ir
4006:. 12 February 2015.
3632:. 28 February 2008.
3456:Barry Rubin (2015).
3441:4 March 2016 at the
3387:18 June 2013 at the
3368:18 June 2013 at the
3021:Encyclopædia Iranica
2873:Christianity in Iran
2290:In 1918, during the
2267:(1914–1924) and the
2057:(the capital of the
1939:Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
1851:Acts of the Apostles
1503:improve this article
1283:under its different
1269:Christianity in Iran
663:United Arab Emirates
5540:Mary Bruins Allison
5276:limited recognition
4744:www. gilakmedia.com
4731:www. Irankelisa.com
4654:5 June 2011 at the
4586:(1). Brill: 66–86.
3917:on 29 October 2013.
3904:St Francis Magazine
3834:The Washington Post
3813:2 July 2017 at the
2909:on 31 December 2013
2848:on 31 December 2013
2741:Christianity portal
2716:Freedom of religion
2700:, Bakhtiari, Luri,
2566:Haik Hovsepian Mehr
2306:Saint Mary Park in
1995:, establishing the
1948:From Persian-ruled
1899:Syriac Christianity
1351:are represented in
1327:Major denominations
1049:Trinidad and Tobago
944:Antigua and Barbuda
34:
5471:Church of the East
5453:Oriental Orthodoxy
4523:www.gilakmedia.com
4242:on 1 November 2020
4094:has generic name (
3869:The New York Times
3014:(17 August 2011).
2903:Christian Examiner
2842:Christian Examiner
2669:
2585:change their faith
2574:Iranian Revolution
2338:
2326:
2312:
2176:Church of the East
2155:conquered Persia,
2044:Church of the East
1846:
1826:
1583:Church of the East
1345:
984:Dominican Republic
87:
18:Iranian Christians
5706:
5705:
5497:Jama'at-e Rabbani
5381:
5380:
5318:other territories
4974:
4973:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4898:
4897:
4679:Römer, Benedikt,
4672:Jenkins, Philip,
4631:by Massoume Price
4620:978-1-78074-308-0
4469:. 21 January 2020
3986:Farewell to Islam
3937:Global Missiology
3872:. 14 March 2014.
3797:978-0-8122-2139-8
3759:978-0-8122-2139-8
3469:978-1-317-45578-3
3207:978-0-8135-6164-6
3168:978-1-4128-3592-3
3012:Hewsen, Robert H.
2788:Iranian Assyrians
2783:Iranian Armenians
2612:Jammiat-e Rabbani
2608:Youcef Nadarkhani
2562:Assemblies of God
2508:
2507:
2373:Assyrians in Iran
2298:Current situation
2269:Armenian genocide
2265:Assyrian genocide
2174:Aramaic-speaking
2153:Timur (Tamerlane)
2028:Battle of Avarayr
1848:According to the
1735:Teresia Sampsonia
1579:
1578:
1571:
1553:
1438:Assemblies of God
1434:Jamaʿat-e Rabbani
1317:Christian mission
1266:
1265:
569:
177:Equatorial Guinea
67:
66:
16:(Redirected from
5726:
5696:
5695:
5694:
5684:
5683:
5590:Samuel M. Jordan
5408:
5401:
5394:
5385:
5371:
5361:
5360:
5330:Christmas Island
5016:Sovereign states
5001:
4994:
4987:
4978:
4907:
4804:
4797:
4786:Religion in Iran
4779:
4772:
4765:
4756:
4624:
4595:
4561:
4556:
4550:
4545:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4515:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4474:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4448:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4384:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4347:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4262:
4256:
4255:
4249:
4247:
4232:
4226:
4225:
4214:
4208:
4207:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4149:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4106:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4089:
4087:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4055:
4049:
4031:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3981:
3975:
3974:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3949:
3934:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3901:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3846:
3837:. Archived from
3824:
3818:
3805:
3799:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3767:
3761:
3743:
3732:
3731:
3725:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3707:
3700:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3679:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3658:. Archived from
3652:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3495:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3481:
3453:
3447:
3428:
3422:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3378:
3372:
3359:
3353:
3340:
3331:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3290:
3284:
3277:
3271:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3152:
3146:
3145:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3048:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3033:
3008:
3002:
2997:
2991:
2986:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2930:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2875:. FarsiNet Inc.
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2798:Religion in Iran
2757:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2578:Iranian diaspora
2503:
2502:
2481:
2480:
2459:
2458:
2437:
2436:
2379:
2369:post-Saddam Iraq
2292:Persian Campaign
2258:Persian language
2095:
2040:Nestorian schism
2032:resultant treaty
1960:activity spread
1907:Aramaic language
1887:Semitic-speaking
1789:
1775:
1759:
1745:
1731:
1715:
1701:
1687:
1671:
1657:
1643:
1627:
1613:
1599:
1574:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1552:
1511:
1487:
1479:
1469:U.K. Home Office
1258:
1251:
1244:
1230:
1229:
1114:Papua New Guinea
1089:Marshall Islands
912:Northern Ireland
565:
71:
62:Aramaic (Syriac)
38:Total population
35:
21:
5734:
5733:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5709:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5698:Iran portal
5692:
5690:
5678:
5670:
5619:
5560:Nancy Jane Dean
5528:
5483:
5465:
5447:
5423:Catholic Church
5417:
5412:
5382:
5377:
5349:
5317:
5308:
5289:Northern Cyprus
5275:
5268:
5010:
5005:
4975:
4970:
4949:Other religions
4936:
4894:
4818:
4788:
4783:
4738:Wayback Machine
4725:A Cry from Iran
4719:Wayback Machine
4690:
4665:Bradley, Mark,
4656:Wayback Machine
4621:
4605:
4580:Mission Studies
4573:
4570:
4568:Further reading
4565:
4564:
4557:
4553:
4546:
4542:
4532:
4530:
4517:
4516:
4512:
4502:
4500:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4472:
4470:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4446:
4444:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4421:
4419:
4411:
4410:
4406:
4396:
4394:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4371:
4369:
4360:
4359:
4355:
4345:
4343:
4330:
4329:
4325:
4313:
4312:
4308:
4295:
4294:
4290:
4278:
4277:
4273:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4245:
4243:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4186:. 12 May 2014.
4178:
4177:
4173:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4147:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4090:
4080:
4073:
4071:
4057:
4056:
4052:
4032:
4023:
4013:
4011:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3932:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3914:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3879:
3877:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3844:
3842:
3826:
3825:
3821:
3815:Wayback Machine
3806:
3802:
3782:
3778:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3744:
3735:
3718:
3711:
3709:
3705:
3698:
3696:"Archived copy"
3694:
3693:
3689:
3672:
3665:
3663:
3662:on 7 April 2019
3656:"Archived copy"
3654:
3653:
3649:
3639:
3637:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3607:
3605:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3576:
3574:
3560:Mission Studies
3553:
3552:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3497:
3496:
3489:
3479:
3477:
3470:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3443:Wayback Machine
3429:
3425:
3420:Wayback Machine
3410:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3389:Wayback Machine
3379:
3375:
3370:Wayback Machine
3360:
3356:
3351:Wayback Machine
3341:
3334:
3329:Wayback Machine
3314:
3310:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3278:
3274:
3268:Wayback Machine
3257:
3253:
3243:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3217:
3215:
3208:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3176:
3169:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3135:
3125:
3118:
3116:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3063:
3050:
3049:
3045:
3031:
3029:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2994:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2971:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2932:
2931:
2922:
2912:
2910:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2851:
2849:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2811:
2806:
2753:
2748:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2729:
2718:
2661:
2550:
2300:
2192:Yohannan Sulaqa
2188:Pope Julius III
2182:(mostly in the
2180:Catholic Church
2059:Sassanid Empire
2001:Nestorian Stele
1943:Senaya language
1915:Eastern Aramaic
1834:Mar Toma church
1810:West Azerbaijan
1799:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1589:
1575:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1512:
1510:
1500:
1488:
1477:
1451:Operation World
1391:Catholic Church
1329:
1285:state religions
1262:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1154:
1144:
1143:
1124:Solomon Islands
1069:
1059:
1058:
939:
929:
928:
832:North Macedonia
682:
672:
671:
574:
554:
553:
382:
372:
371:
97:
43:300,000–370,000
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5732:
5730:
5722:
5721:
5711:
5710:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5700:
5688:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5620:
5618:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5605:Justin Perkins
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5555:Joseph Cochran
5552:
5547:
5542:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5499:
5493:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5475:
5473:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5438:
5427:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5375:
5365:
5354:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5321:
5319:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5280:
5278:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5004:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4981:
4972:
4971:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4952:
4950:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4935:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4911:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4892:
4890:Zoroastrianism
4887:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4860:
4859:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4837:
4826:
4824:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4816:
4810:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4790:
4789:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4728:
4722:
4709:
4703:
4697:
4689:
4688:External links
4686:
4685:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4658:
4646:
4640:
4633:
4625:
4619:
4607:Foltz, Richard
4603:
4596:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4551:
4540:
4510:
4489:"موقدّس کئتاب"
4480:
4454:
4429:
4404:
4379:
4368:. 24 June 2024
4353:
4338:. 4 May 2019.
4323:
4306:
4288:
4271:
4257:
4227:
4209:
4192:
4171:
4157:
4136:
4101:
4050:
4021:
3991:
3976:
3961:
3920:
3887:
3855:
3819:
3800:
3776:
3762:
3733:
3687:
3647:
3615:
3584:
3546:
3516:
3487:
3468:
3448:
3423:
3404:
3392:
3373:
3354:
3332:
3308:
3285:
3272:
3270:Britannica.com
3251:
3225:
3206:
3186:
3167:
3147:
3138:|journal=
3099:
3072:
3061:
3043:
3003:
2992:
2981:
2951:
2920:
2890:
2859:
2829:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2744:
2728:
2725:
2717:
2714:
2660:
2657:
2549:
2546:
2531:United Nations
2516:representation
2506:
2505:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2299:
2296:
2198:in 1553. Most
2184:Ottoman Empire
2030:(451) and the
1921:Christians in
1791:
1784:
1783:
1777:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1753:
1747:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1652:
1651:
1645:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1629:
1622:
1621:
1615:
1608:
1607:
1601:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1590:
1577:
1576:
1491:
1489:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1431:
1425:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1388:
1382:
1337:Vank Cathedral
1328:
1325:
1295:, followed by
1291:in historical
1289:Zoroastrianism
1264:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1246:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
940:
935:
934:
931:
930:
927:
926:
925:
924:
919:
914:
909:
902:United Kingdom
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
683:
678:
677:
674:
673:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
573:
572:
571:
570:
560:
559:
556:
555:
552:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
460:
459:
454:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
383:
378:
377:
374:
373:
370:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
98:
93:
92:
89:
88:
78:
77:
65:
64:
50:
49:
45:
44:
40:
39:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5731:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5699:
5689:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5628:
5626:
5622:
5616:
5615:Edward Stuart
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5489:Protestantism
5486:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5450:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5433:
5432:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5409:
5404:
5402:
5397:
5395:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5364:
5356:
5355:
5352:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5320:
5315:
5311:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5299:South Ossetia
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5277:
5271:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5002:
4997:
4995:
4990:
4988:
4983:
4982:
4979:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4947:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4908:
4905:
4901:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4864:
4861:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4791:
4787:
4780:
4775:
4773:
4768:
4766:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4706:Online Kelisa
4704:
4701:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4653:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4632:
4630:
4626:
4622:
4616:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4541:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4514:
4511:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4484:
4481:
4468:
4464:
4458:
4455:
4443:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4393:
4389:
4383:
4380:
4367:
4363:
4357:
4354:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4327:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4298:
4292:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4241:
4237:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4219:
4213:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4175:
4172:
4167:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4105:
4102:
4097:
4085:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4047:0-521-77073-4
4044:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4022:
4009:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3987:
3980:
3977:
3972:
3965:
3962:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3921:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3888:
3875:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3852:
3841:on 2 May 2019
3840:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3723:
3704:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3683:
3677:
3661:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3588:
3585:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3550:
3547:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3504:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3475:
3471:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3326:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3298:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3239:
3235:
3229:
3226:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3190:
3187:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3160:
3159:
3151:
3148:
3143:
3130:
3114:
3110:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3073:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3054:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3027:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3013:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2985:
2982:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2863:
2860:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2745:
2742:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2665:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:Mahmoud Alavi
2648:
2645:
2641:
2636:
2633:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2616:Saeed Abedini
2613:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2589:death penalty
2586:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2527:
2525:
2524:Barnabas Fund
2521:
2517:
2513:
2498:
2486:
2485:
2476:
2464:
2463:
2454:
2442:
2441:
2432:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2346:Iran–Iraq War
2344:. Due to the
2343:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2304:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2114:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:Constantine I
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:Mediterranean
1880:
1879:apostolic age
1875:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1830:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1788:
1780:
1779:Abdas of Susa
1774:
1764:
1763:Shams Pahlavi
1758:
1750:
1744:
1736:
1730:
1720:
1714:
1706:
1700:
1692:
1686:
1676:
1670:
1662:
1656:
1648:
1642:
1632:
1626:
1618:
1612:
1604:
1598:
1588:
1584:
1573:
1570:
1562:
1551:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1520: –
1519:
1515:
1514:Find sources:
1508:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1492:This article
1490:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1449:According to
1445:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1305:Arab conquest
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1153:
1152:South America
1148:
1147:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1054:United States
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:North America
933:
932:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
904:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
792:Liechtenstein
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
684:
681:
676:
675:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
568:
564:
563:
562:
561:
558:
557:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
458:
455:
453:
450:
449:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
381:
376:
375:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
235:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
217:Guinea-Bissau
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
99:
96:
91:
90:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
69:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
41:
36:
27:
19:
5595:Henry Martyn
5580:James Hawkes
5575:Asahel Grant
5570:Fidelia Fisk
5565:Valpy French
5533:Missionaries
5414:
5314:Dependencies
5244:Turkmenistan
5209:Saudi Arabia
5098:
4922:Baháʼí Faith
4903:Unrecognized
4863:Christianity
4862:
4680:
4673:
4666:
4636:
4628:
4610:
4599:
4583:
4579:
4554:
4543:
4531:. Retrieved
4522:
4513:
4501:. Retrieved
4492:
4483:
4471:. Retrieved
4466:
4457:
4445:. Retrieved
4441:
4432:
4420:. Retrieved
4416:
4407:
4395:. Retrieved
4391:
4382:
4370:. Retrieved
4365:
4356:
4344:. Retrieved
4326:
4318:
4309:
4300:
4291:
4283:
4274:
4260:
4251:
4244:. Retrieved
4240:the original
4230:
4221:
4212:
4204:
4195:
4187:
4184:The Guardian
4183:
4174:
4160:
4151:
4139:
4127:. Retrieved
4118:
4114:
4104:
4072:. Retrieved
4064:the Guardian
4063:
4053:
4034:
4012:. Retrieved
4003:
3994:
3985:
3979:
3970:
3964:
3952:. Retrieved
3940:
3936:
3923:
3912:the original
3907:
3903:
3890:
3878:. Retrieved
3867:
3858:
3850:
3843:. Retrieved
3839:the original
3832:
3822:
3803:
3791:, p. 140f.,
3784:
3779:
3765:
3746:
3710:. Retrieved
3690:
3664:. Retrieved
3660:the original
3650:
3638:. Retrieved
3627:
3618:
3606:. Retrieved
3597:
3587:
3575:. Retrieved
3566:(1): 66–86.
3563:
3559:
3549:
3537:. Retrieved
3528:
3519:
3507:. Retrieved
3478:. Retrieved
3458:
3451:
3434:
3426:
3407:
3395:
3376:
3357:
3317:Tehran Times
3315:
3311:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3275:
3259:
3254:
3242:. Retrieved
3228:
3216:. Retrieved
3196:
3189:
3177:. Retrieved
3157:
3150:
3129:cite journal
3117:. Retrieved
3102:
3088:(2): 52–74.
3085:
3081:
3075:
3066:
3052:
3046:
3037:
3030:. Retrieved
3019:
3006:
2995:
2984:
2972:. Retrieved
2963:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2911:. Retrieved
2907:the original
2902:
2893:
2881:. Retrieved
2872:
2862:
2850:. Retrieved
2846:the original
2841:
2832:
2722:
2719:
2687:
2680:
2670:
2649:
2637:
2629:
2597:
2583:Muslims who
2582:
2551:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2528:
2509:
2358:
2339:
2289:
2262:
2253:missionaries
2247:
2216:
2195:
2190:consecrated
2169:
2115:
2103:
2079:
2009:
2005:Daqin Pagoda
1993:Central Asia
1962:Eastern-Rite
1947:
1929:, southeast
1925:, northeast
1891:Roman Empire
1876:
1849:
1847:
1565:
1556:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1513:
1501:Please help
1496:verification
1493:
1466:
1463:
1448:
1422:Presbyterian
1411:Latin Church
1373:
1347:A number of
1346:
1275:, predating
1268:
1267:
648:Saudi Arabia
602:
539:Turkmenistan
327:South Africa
317:Sierra Leone
122:Burkina Faso
68:
29:Ethnic group
26:
5373:Asia portal
5274:States with
5194:Philippines
5134:South Korea
5129:North Korea
5024:Afghanistan
4835:Zaydi Shi'a
4814:Islam, Shia
4336:Radio Farda
4153:background.
4092:|last=
3954:19 November
3808:Mehdi Dibaj
3712:25 February
3666:25 February
3629:Der Spiegel
3119:19 November
2755:Iran portal
2694:Mazanderani
2603:Mehdi Dibaj
2599:Pentecostal
2490:75,149,669
2468:70,495,782
2446:60,055,488
2424:49,445,010
2407:33,708,744
2388:Christians
2277:World War I
2239:Circassians
2157:Mesopotamia
2077:hierarchy.
2065:, and then
2024:Hormizd III
1973:Mesopotamia
1937:today (see
1877:During the
1854:there were
1459:Evangelical
1301:Middle Ages
1297:Sunni Islam
1104:New Zealand
1039:Saint Lucia
989:El Salvador
892:Switzerland
827:Netherlands
567:Middle East
509:Philippines
457:South Korea
452:North Korea
387:Afghanistan
332:South Sudan
222:Ivory Coast
5254:Uzbekistan
5229:Tajikistan
5144:Kyrgyzstan
5124:Kazakhstan
5044:Bangladesh
5034:Azerbaijan
4910:Minorities
4823:Minorities
4800:Recognized
4129:30 October
3753:, p. 140,
3068:Christian.
3062:1560986298
2883:1 December
2852:1 December
2804:References
2593:Open Doors
2554:Protestant
2520:parliament
2250:Protestant
2165:Asia Minor
2111:Marco Polo
2063:catholicos
2007:in China.
1981:Asia Minor
1958:missionary
1954:Assuristan
1818:Saint Jude
1719:Eustathius
1661:Asyncritus
1581:See also:
1529:newspapers
1455:Protestant
1311:since the
1309:Shia Islam
1303:after the
1094:Micronesia
969:Costa Rica
862:San Marino
822:Montenegro
802:Luxembourg
583:Azerbaijan
544:Uzbekistan
529:Tajikistan
464:Kyrgyzstan
442:Kazakhstan
417:East Timor
392:Bangladesh
312:Seychelles
277:Mozambique
262:Mauritania
247:Madagascar
137:Cape Verde
5651:New Julfa
5610:Eli Smith
5545:Mary Bird
5340:Hong Kong
5294:Palestine
5219:Sri Lanka
5214:Singapore
5094:Indonesia
4932:Yarsanism
4927:Mandaeism
4793:Religions
4533:26 August
4503:26 August
4493:korpu.net
4467:jpost.com
4417:state.gov
4074:26 August
4041:, p. 44,
4014:6 October
3845:5 October
3640:2 January
3577:18 August
3539:29 August
3509:29 August
3480:25 August
3218:25 August
3179:25 August
3016:"AVARAYR"
2944:26 August
2681:Multiple
2632:Catholics
2514:foods),
2361:Assyrians
2342:Armenians
2235:Georgians
2231:New Julfa
2227:Armenians
2133:Ilkhanate
2099:Mar Aba I
2082:Khosrau I
2075:Byzantine
2067:patriarch
2055:Ctesiphon
2047:heretical
2020:Shapur II
1868:Pentecost
1860:Parthians
1832:Assyrian
1822:Armenians
1647:Tiridates
1559:July 2015
1436:(Iranian
1365:Assyrians
1361:Armenians
1214:Venezuela
1159:Argentina
1074:Australia
1024:Nicaragua
999:Guatemala
797:Lithuania
638:Palestine
519:Sri Lanka
514:Singapore
432:Indonesia
422:Hong Kong
267:Mauritius
48:Languages
5713:Category
5624:See also
5363:Category
5284:Abkhazia
5234:Thailand
5189:Pakistan
5169:Mongolia
5164:Maldives
5159:Malaysia
5059:Cambodia
4961:Hinduism
4956:Buddhism
4878:Chaldean
4873:Assyrian
4868:Armenian
4807:Official
4734:Archived
4715:Archived
4694:FarsiNet
4652:Archived
4609:(2013).
4527:Archived
4497:Archived
4340:Archived
4123:Archived
4084:cite web
4068:Archived
4008:Archived
3988:. Xulon.
3945:Archived
3874:Archived
3811:Archived
3722:cite web
3703:Archived
3676:cite web
3634:Archived
3608:11 April
3602:Archived
3533:Archived
3503:Archived
3474:Archived
3439:Archived
3416:Archived
3385:Archived
3366:Archived
3347:Archived
3325:Archived
3264:Archived
3260:Orūmīyeh
3238:Archived
3212:Archived
3173:Archived
3113:Archived
3111:: 1–16.
3026:Archived
3000:Acts 2:9
2968:Archived
2938:Archived
2913:19 March
2877:Archived
2727:See also
2706:Kurmanji
2676:Assyrian
2672:Armenian
2493:117,704
2471:109,415
2410:168,593
2200:Assyrian
2172:Assyrian
2149:Armenian
2141:Assyrian
2139:(mostly
2125:Crusades
2086:Nushizad
2036:Armenian
2016:Sassanid
2003:and the
1989:Caucasus
1919:Assyrian
1856:Persians
1820:. Local
1675:Maruthas
1357:churches
1321:churches
1204:Suriname
1194:Paraguay
1179:Colombia
1084:Kiribati
1009:Honduras
979:Dominica
954:Barbados
917:Scotland
877:Slovenia
872:Slovakia
847:Portugal
717:Bulgaria
534:Thailand
504:Pakistan
489:Mongolia
484:Maldives
479:Malaysia
407:Cambodia
367:Zimbabwe
342:Tanzania
192:Ethiopia
187:Eswatini
167:Djibouti
132:Cameroon
117:Botswana
58:Armenian
5259:Vietnam
5174:Myanmar
5154:Lebanon
5084:Georgia
5039:Bahrain
5029:Armenia
4966:Sikhism
4917:Atheism
4885:Judaism
4856:Hanbali
4846:Shafi'i
4839:Sunni:
4473:7 April
4447:7 April
4422:7 April
4397:7 April
4372:24 June
3880:28 June
3244:11 July
3234:"Urmia"
3032:11 July
2974:20 July
2702:Kurdish
2570:Persian
2564:bishop
2496:0.157%
2474:0.155%
2452:0.131%
2449:78,745
2430:0.197%
2427:97,557
2413:0.500%
2382:Census
2354:Armenia
2273:Ottoman
2223:Abbas I
2221:, king
2145:Aramaic
2137:ghettos
1969:Assyria
1950:Assyria
1893:and in
1631:Bademus
1603:Gregory
1543:scholar
1475:History
1341:Safavid
1307:, then
1299:in the
1209:Uruguay
1184:Ecuador
1164:Bolivia
1139:Vanuatu
1067:Oceania
1014:Jamaica
994:Grenada
949:Bahamas
907:England
897:Ukraine
852:Romania
812:Moldova
772:Ireland
767:Iceland
762:Hungary
752:Germany
742:Finland
737:Estonia
732:Denmark
727:Czechia
722:Croatia
707:Belgium
702:Belarus
697:Austria
692:Andorra
687:Albania
628:Lebanon
598:Georgia
588:Bahrain
578:Armenia
549:Vietnam
494:Myanmar
352:Tunisia
322:Somalia
307:Senegal
292:Nigeria
282:Namibia
272:Morocco
237:Liberia
232:Lesotho
182:Eritrea
152:Comoros
127:Burundi
102:Algeria
54:Persian
5304:Taiwan
5239:Turkey
5204:Russia
5139:Kuwait
5119:Jordan
5109:Israel
5069:Cyprus
5054:Brunei
5049:Bhutan
4851:Maliki
4841:Hanafi
4617:
4442:dw.com
4392:gov.uk
4346:8 June
4246:25 May
4045:
3795:
3757:
3598:DW.COM
3466:
3204:
3165:
3059:
3039:chose.
2934:"Iran"
2710:Sorani
2698:Gilaki
2558:Syriac
2385:Total
2323:Tehran
2310:(2011)
2308:Tehran
2163:, and
2147:- and
2129:Mongol
2090:Edessa
2051:bishop
2049:. The
1987:, the
1977:Persia
1965:Syriac
1941:, and
1931:Turkey
1903:Jewish
1895:Persia
1617:Mirian
1545:
1538:
1531:
1524:
1516:
1293:Persia
1189:Guyana
1169:Brazil
1134:Tuvalu
1029:Panama
1019:Mexico
964:Canada
959:Belize
887:Sweden
867:Serbia
857:Russia
842:Poland
837:Norway
817:Monaco
787:Latvia
782:Kosovo
757:Greece
747:France
680:Europe
658:Turkey
623:Kuwait
618:Jordan
613:Israel
593:Cyprus
524:Taiwan
402:Brunei
397:Bhutan
362:Zambia
357:Uganda
297:Rwanda
252:Malawi
212:Guinea
202:Gambia
107:Angola
95:Africa
5345:Macau
5264:Yemen
5224:Syria
5199:Qatar
5179:Nepal
5114:Japan
5089:India
5079:Egypt
5064:China
4830:Islam
4148:(PDF)
4121:: 8.
3948:(PDF)
3943:(3).
3933:(PDF)
3915:(PDF)
3900:(PDF)
3706:(PDF)
3699:(PDF)
2690:Azeri
2644:Islam
2610:, an
2512:halal
2487:2011
2482:+39%
2465:2006
2460:−19%
2443:1996
2438:−42%
2421:1986
2404:1976
2363:from
2285:Urmia
2243:Qajar
2161:Syria
2071:Roman
1985:Syria
1927:Syria
1911:Jesus
1864:Medes
1838:Urmia
1836:near
1749:Josef
1705:James
1550:JSTOR
1536:books
1395:rites
1277:Islam
1273:Jesus
1174:Chile
1129:Tonga
1119:Samoa
1109:Palau
1099:Nauru
1004:Haiti
922:Wales
882:Spain
807:Malta
777:Italy
668:Yemen
653:Syria
643:Qatar
499:Nepal
474:Macau
447:Korea
437:Japan
427:India
412:China
337:Sudan
287:Niger
242:Libya
227:Kenya
207:Ghana
197:Gabon
172:Egypt
112:Benin
5184:Oman
5149:Laos
5104:Iraq
5099:Iran
4615:ISBN
4535:2021
4505:2021
4475:2023
4449:2023
4424:2023
4399:2023
4374:2024
4348:2019
4248:2022
4131:2015
4096:help
4076:2021
4043:ISBN
4016:2017
3956:2012
3882:2014
3847:2011
3793:ISBN
3755:ISBN
3728:link
3714:2018
3682:link
3668:2018
3642:2018
3610:2018
3579:2015
3541:2020
3511:2020
3482:2017
3464:ISBN
3246:2015
3220:2017
3202:ISBN
3181:2017
3163:ISBN
3142:help
3121:2012
3057:ISBN
3034:2015
2976:2016
2946:2021
2915:2015
2885:2009
2854:2009
2708:and
2674:and
2504:+8%
2416:...
2391:+/−
2365:Iraq
2332:The
2237:and
2118:Arab
2116:The
1991:and
1971:and
1935:Iraq
1933:and
1923:Iran
1872:Iran
1862:and
1842:Iran
1814:Iran
1585:and
1522:news
1409:and
1363:and
1353:Iran
1343:era.
1281:Iran
1199:Peru
1079:Fiji
974:Cuba
633:Oman
608:Iraq
603:Iran
469:Laos
380:Asia
347:Togo
257:Mali
147:Chad
5316:and
4588:doi
4004:TBN
3568:doi
3090:doi
2712:).
2642:, “
2624:TBN
2518:in
2260:).
2194:as
2053:of
1956:),
1945:).
1505:by
5715::
4584:32
4582:.
4578:.
4521:.
4495:.
4491:.
4465:.
4440:.
4415:.
4390:.
4364:.
4334:.
4250:.
4182:.
4119:11
4117:.
4113:.
4088::
4086:}}
4082:{{
4066:.
4062:.
4024:^
4002:.
3939:.
3935:.
3906:.
3902:.
3866:.
3849:.
3831:.
3787:.
3749:.
3736:^
3724:}}
3720:{{
3701:.
3678:}}
3674:{{
3626:.
3600:.
3596:.
3564:32
3562:.
3558:.
3527:.
3490:^
3472:.
3335:^
3320::
3303:19
3236:.
3210:.
3171:.
3133::
3131:}}
3127:{{
3084:.
3065:.
3036:.
3024:.
3018:.
2966:.
2962:.
2936:.
2923:^
2901:.
2871:.
2840:.
2812:^
2696:,
2692:,
2399:%
2396:#
2321:;
2214:.
2159:,
2143:-
2094:c.
1983:,
1979:,
1897:.
1874:.
1858:,
1840:,
1812:,
1808:,
1457:,
1397:.
1371:.
1287::
60:,
56:,
5407:e
5400:t
5393:v
5000:e
4993:t
4986:v
4778:e
4771:t
4764:v
4623:.
4594:.
4590::
4537:.
4507:.
4477:.
4451:.
4426:.
4401:.
4376:.
4350:.
4133:.
4098:)
4078:.
4018:.
3958:.
3941:9
3908:5
3884:.
3773:.
3730:)
3716:.
3684:)
3670:.
3644:.
3612:.
3581:.
3570::
3543:.
3513:.
3484:.
3305:.
3248:.
3222:.
3183:.
3144:)
3140:(
3123:.
3096:.
3092::
3086:4
2978:.
2948:.
2917:.
2887:.
2856:.
2704:(
2336:.
2073:/
1952:(
1844:.
1572:)
1566:(
1561:)
1557:(
1547:·
1540:·
1533:·
1526:·
1499:.
1440:)
1424:)
1420:(
1257:e
1250:t
1243:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
