355:), known as the 'standards'. The falls are obovate and very recurved, and they measure 6.5–8.5 cm (3–3 in) long and 4.5–6.5 cm (2–3 in) wide. The colour and thickness of the veining or speckling can vary. In the centre of the petal is a signal patch, which is orbicular (round), purple-brown, or almost black, and 1.2 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. Also in the middle of the falls, a row of short hairs called the 'beard', which is sparse and has purple brown, or almost black hairs. The standards are sub-orbicular and they measure 6.4–8.5 cm (3–3 in) long and 5.5–7.5 cm (2–3 in) wide. They are paler than the falls.
612:
33:
77:
626:
be grown under glass (in frames), to protect the irises from excess moisture (especially during winter times) and also to ensure the (shallow planted) rhizomes get the best temperatures during the growing season. They can be grown in pots (especially in deep ones known as 'long toms'), but they need re-potting, every 2 years and extra feeding. Watering is one of the most critical aspects of iris cultivation. It can suffer from
52:
2363:
490:
295:. It has linear, upright leaves, tall slender stem holding a bi-coloured flower, having a pale lilac, cream-yellow, light tan, or white background, which is then covered in purple brown, or purple, or purple-pink veining, spots or speckling. It has a round purple-brown or almost black signal patch, and a sparse purple brown or almost black beard. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in
2353:
673:, (the cold treatment), which can be carried out indoors or outdoors. Seedlings are generally potted on (or transplanted) when they have 3 leaves. Oncocyclus irises dislike division, but it should only be carried out when the plant is overcrowded. Although hand pollination and germinating seedlings gives better results.
625:
climate. In general 'Oncocyclus
Section' Irises need good drainage, minimal summer rainfall and dry winters, similar to a semi-arid climate. In temperate areas (such as the Europe and America), they are only suitable for growing in specialist iris growers, within a bulb frame or greenhouse. They can
343:
The flowers are between 10 and 18 cm (4 and 7 in) in diameter, they are considered to be the largest single flower in Israel. They are bi-coloured, and are pale lilac, creamy, cream-yellow, light tan, or white background. They are then covered in purple brown, or purple, or purple-pink,
822:
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause skin irritation or an allergic reaction.
592:). Also its habitat has suffered from military tank exercises and other military exercises on the Golan. The populations have also been affected by cattle grazing, settlement development (housing), and the creation of
1450:
1156:
603:. In Keshet, Golan a settlement area was widened, and a population of the iris was trans-located, but after 3 years only 6 plants had survived out of 120 (meaning 5%).
2539:
2642:
576:, since 2016. It is very rare on the Golan Heights and on Mount Hermon. In the past, it has been picked and uprooted due to its flowers, attacked by
2474:
2487:
1733:
462:
669:, or by seed growing. Irises generally require a period of cold, then a period of warmth and heat, also they need some moisture. Some seeds need
2332:
Sapir, Y. et al. 2002. Morphological variation of the
Oncocyclus irises (Iris: Iridaceae) in the southern Levant Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 139:369–382.
393:, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It has a chromosome count: 2n=20, similar to other Oncocyclus irises.
452:
In 1968, Bastow (within his article 'Oncocylus Irises, Part II', in The Iris Year Book 1968) thought that the species was similar in form to
340:
The stems hold terminal (top of stem) flowers, blooming early in the season, between March and April, or between April and May (in the UK).
330:(another Oncocyclus Iris), which are short and curved. The leaves can grow up to between 30 cm (12 in) long and 1.8 cm wide.
1388:
76:
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466:
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The iris is a protected wildflower, and fortunately some populations of the iris can be found inside a couple of
2652:
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2357:
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843:
670:
666:
1862:"Oncocyclus, Regelia and Reglio-cyclus Irises, The Plantsmen, Buckshaw Gardens, Holwell, Sherborne, Dorset"
185:
2662:
2378:
317:(another Oncocyclus Iris), with a similar flower form and other morphological characters, but which has a
2430:
2647:
1729:
1509:
1128:
518:
212:
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2108:
611:
449:
It was also published in 1934 in Fasc. II. 8 (Publ. Am. Univ. Beirut, Nat. Sc. Series No. 1 and No.3).
32:
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921:
439:
228:
2451:
1976:
470:
41:
2614:
1609:
1601:
981:
573:
443:
431:
401:
It is commonly known as 'Golan Iris', 'Hermon Iris', or 'Mt. Hermon iris'. It is also written in
236:
71:
423:, between Israel and Syria, although most of the currant plants are found in the Golan Heights.
2416:
2367:
2042:
1998:
589:
2552:
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2240:
2020:
1838:
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364:
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2152:
2130:
2086:
1954:
1698:
1593:
1465:
1171:
916:
657:
and other
Oncocyclus irises) as well as a large propagation system for growing more irises.
377:
After the iris has flowered, it produces a seed capsule, which has not yet been described.
2606:
1800:
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359:
280:
268:
169:
114:
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898:
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585:
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420:
262:
157:
1534:
1451:"Pollination of Oncocyclus irises (Iris: Iridaceae) by Night-Sheltering Male Bees"
1414:
489:
1584:
Avishai, Michael; Zohary, Daniel (1977). "Chromosomes in the
Oncocyclus Irises".
2500:
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732:
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326:
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137:
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is thought to be an easier plant to grow in cultivation, as it can tolerate a
1352:
593:
581:
577:
542:
147:
2596:
1477:
1157:"Iris bismarckiana in Israel and Jordan—New findings and taxonomic remarks"
337:, that can grow up to between 30 and 50 cm (12 and 20 in) tall.
2352:
1469:
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832:
427:
358:
It has cream, or yellow anthers, with purple filaments, and creamy white
308:
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1755:
1015:
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1605:
847:
534:
514:
494:
386:
2505:
2335:
Zohary, M. & N. Feinbrun-Dothan Flora palaestina. 1966– (F Palest)
1932:
469:
on 4 April 2003, then changed on 1 December 2004. It is listed in the
1888:"Botanising Israel, an epic adventure of war and wildflowers, part 6"
836:
627:
558:
538:
402:
352:
351:(outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or
348:
288:
2372:
2329:
Mouterde, P. Nouvelle flore du Liban et de la Syrie. 1966– (F Liban)
2303:"Positive Images for Field and Forest, June 17 – September 4, 2016"
1597:
324:
It has 9 leaves, which are linear, straight and erect. Compared to
2518:
610:
488:
374:, it has a very short flowering time of between (3.6 ± 0.8 days).
292:
88:
2456:
2376:
1779:"Accepted scientific name: Iris hermona Dinsm. (accepted name)"
1076:
A Guide to
Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
530:
1383:(Revised ed.). Bromley: Christopher Helm. p. 128.
529:
It grows in open places like pasture lands, on the edges of
299:
regions, as it needs very dry conditions during the summer.
2109:"Aril Iris (Iris 'New Enchantment') in the Irises Database"
633:
Israel's national collection of
Oncocyclus iris is held at
1977:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Bagdad Beauty') in the Irises Database"
311:, with a stout compact rhizome. Which separates it from
858:
was included as part of his "Red Slide" series (2015).
1449:
Sapir, Y.; Shmida, A.; Ne’eman, G. (24 January 2005).
2283:. srgc.net (Scottish Rock Garden Club). 30 March 2013
557:) are pollinated by night-sheltering male bees (male
347:
Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large
1654:"Flora, faith and folklore in the Land of the Bible"
641:(1845–1934). It has an iris garden (which includes
537:, or rocky meadows. On heavy soils, including rocky
477:, as well as being tentatively accepted name by the
2385:
2043:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Gilmond') in the Irises Database"
1999:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Doar Na') in the Irises Database"
1155:Sapir, Yuval; Shmida, Avi; Comes, H. Peter (2001).
786:), 'Ravid' (Onco Hybrid 'Judean Charmer' (1956) X
2241:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Tameer') in the Irises Database"
2021:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Galeet') in the Irises Database"
1826:
442:in 'Flora of Syria, Palestine, and Sinai' (edited
2219:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Sa'ar') in the Irises Database"
2197:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Reaem') in the Irises Database"
2175:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Ravid') in the Irises Database"
2065:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Goren') in the Irises Database"
1355:. signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America)
922:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13161725A18612405.en
2153:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Orit') in the Irises Database"
2131:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Noga') in the Irises Database"
2087:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Leat') in the Irises Database"
1955:"Aril Iris (Iris 'Aviv') in the Irises Database"
458:except from having different types of rhizomes.
1554:
1552:
850:, held an exhibition of photos by photographer
438:. Although it was first published and named by
1379:Cassidy, George E.; Linnegar, Sidney (1987).
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
553:Generally, most Oncocyclus irises (including
8:
1856:
1854:
1820:
1818:
1701:. ipni.org (International Plant Names Index)
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1833:. Newton Abbot: David and Charles. p.
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
941:
939:
794:X Onco hybrid 'Judean Charmer'), 'Sa'ar' (
2373:
1535:"Israel, Bulbs of Galilee & The Negev"
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
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1494:
1374:
1372:
1370:
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1067:
1065:
1063:
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684:It has various crosses including; 'Aviv' (
50:
31:
20:
1625:
1623:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1432:
1317:. wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society)
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1033:
947:"Iris hermona Dinsm. is an accepted name"
920:
517:to Israel, (including the Golan Heights,
1346:
1344:
1342:
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1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1100:
1098:
1096:
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2261:David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske
1734:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1515:. pacificbulbsociety.org. 14 April 2014
1408:
1406:
1404:
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1259:
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1009:
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1003:
1001:
999:
976:
974:
972:
970:
968:
866:
463:United States Department of Agriculture
283:, from the pastures and meadows of the
1867:. srgc.net (Scottish Rock Garden Club)
1829:The Gardener's Guide to Growing Irises
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1137:
1126:
681:It has one cultivar called 'Hermona'.
665:Irises can generally be propagated by
405:as אִירוּס הַחֶרְמוֹן, and written in
2346:Listed as part of the Flora of Israel
7:
2326:Mathew, B. The Iris. 1981 (Iris) 51.
596:and other agricultural development.
541:, heavy basalt soils. or dark brown
1633:. wingedbeauty.com. 26 January 2013
908:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
831:It is also found on the roof of a
702:), 'Bagdad Beauty', 'Doar Na' (
260:, is a plant species in the genus
14:
1105:Archibald, Jim (September 1999).
572:is currently assessed as being a
521:, and Mount Hermon, ) and Syria.
446:) by Vol.2 on page 596, in 1933.
2643:IUCN Red List endangered species
2584:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:438694-1
2361:
2351:
1777:Govaerts, R (5 September 2014).
1164:Israel Journal of Plant Sciences
266:, it is also in the subgenus of
75:
1652:Levene, Pamela (22 July 2009).
1699:"Iridaceae Iris hermona Dinsm"
1:
1931:Waters, Tom (December 2010).
1910:"How to divide iris rhizomes"
1561:Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia
1351:Kramb, D. (3 December 2003).
1313:Pries, Bob (24 August 2016).
1107:"Silken Sad Uncertain Queens"
467:Agricultural Research Service
344:veining, spots or speckling.
1464:(4). KG Stuttgart: 417–424.
1073:British Iris Society (1997)
434:, in 1912, and described by
1730:"Taxon: Iris hermona Dinsm"
1315:"(SPEC) Iris hermona Dinsm"
1176:10.1560/FD4U-YWEK-XECA-N6GH
505:to temperate western Asia.
2679:
1933:"Growing Irises from Seed"
639:Baron Edmond de Rothschild
16:Species of flowering plant
1886:Blackhall-Miles, Robbie.
1825:Stebbings, Geoff (1997).
1631:"Hermon Iris (Protected)"
333:It has a slender stem or
242:
235:
218:
211:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
915:: e.T13161725A18612405.
485:Distribution and habitat
2264:Toxicity of Houseplants
1559:Austin, Claire (2005).
844:National Gallery of Art
1136:Cite journal requires
839:in the Golan Heights.
758:, 'New Enchantment' (
615:
498:
426:It was first found in
2360:at Wikimedia Commons
1781:. catalogueoflife.org
1470:10.1055/s-2005-837709
842:On 19 June 2016, the
677:Hybrids and cultivars
614:
492:
389:, having two sets of
272:, and in the section
1912:. gardenersworld.com
1890:. fossilplants.co.uk
1016:"Iris hermona Dinsm"
949:. theplantlist.org (
637:the burial place of
630:, viruses and rots.
471:Encyclopedia of Life
1677:The Names of Plants
1413:Orlova, Margarita.
1222:. wildflowers.co.il
768:) X self, 'Noga' (
461:It was verified by
409:as سوسن جبل الشيخ.
385:As most irises are
42:Conservation status
1537:. greentours.co.uk
1267:. rareplants.co.uk
897:Sapir, Y. (2016).
616:
574:vulnerable species
499:
2630:
2629:
2553:Open Tree of Life
2379:Taxon identifiers
2356:Media related to
1586:Botanical Gazette
1417:. projectnoah.org
982:"Mt. Hermon iris"
835:grave of a local
743:Iris atropurpurea
687:Iris atropurpurea
654:Iris atropurpurea
475:Catalogue of Life
455:Iris bismarckiana
365:Iris atropurpurea
314:Iris bismarckiana
249:
248:
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2366:Data related to
2365:
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2288:
2281:"Re: Oncos 2013"
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1732:. ars-grin.gov (
1726:
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1656:. blogspot.co.uk
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1563:. Timber Press.
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1184:
1178:. Archived from
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1014:Danin, Avinoam.
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994:
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963:
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960:
958:
953:). 23 March 2013
943:
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894:
440:John E. Dinsmore
414:specific epithet
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59:
54:
53:
35:
21:
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2653:Flora of Israel
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2370:at Wikispecies
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1674:David Gledhill
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804:I. atropurpurea
770:I. atropurpurea
752:I. atropurpurea
696:I. atropurpurea
679:
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1801:"Iris hermona"
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1598:10.1086/336956
1592:(4): 502–511.
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1510:"Iris summary"
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1428:
1396:
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1381:Growing Irises
1366:
1353:"Iris hermona"
1328:
1278:
1265:"Iris hermona"
1233:
1220:"Iris hermona"
1196:
1170:(3): 229–236.
1147:
1138:|journal=
1084:
1029:
1018:. flora.org.il
995:
964:
951:The Plant List
935:
865:
863:
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2648:Iris (plant)
2417:Iris hermona
2387:Iris hermona
2386:
2368:Iris hermona
2358:Iris hermona
2350:
2307:. Retrieved
2305:. e-flux.com
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2275:
2269:Google Books
2262:
2257:
2245:. Retrieved
2243:. garden.org
2235:
2223:. Retrieved
2221:. garden.org
2213:
2201:. Retrieved
2199:. garden.org
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2177:. garden.org
2169:
2157:. Retrieved
2155:. garden.org
2147:
2135:. Retrieved
2133:. garden.org
2125:
2113:. Retrieved
2111:. garden.org
2103:
2091:. Retrieved
2089:. garden.org
2081:
2069:. Retrieved
2067:. garden.org
2059:
2047:. Retrieved
2045:. garden.org
2037:
2025:. Retrieved
2023:. garden.org
2015:
2003:. Retrieved
2001:. garden.org
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1979:. garden.org
1971:
1959:. Retrieved
1957:. garden.org
1949:
1937:. Retrieved
1926:
1914:. Retrieved
1904:
1892:. Retrieved
1881:
1869:. Retrieved
1828:
1805:. Retrieved
1803:. rhs.org.uk
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1703:. Retrieved
1682:Google Books
1675:
1670:
1658:. Retrieved
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1589:
1585:
1579:
1560:
1539:. Retrieved
1529:
1517:. Retrieved
1481:. Retrieved
1461:
1457:
1419:. Retrieved
1415:"Golan Iris"
1380:
1357:. Retrieved
1319:. Retrieved
1269:. Retrieved
1224:. Retrieved
1187:. Retrieved
1180:the original
1167:
1163:
1150:
1129:cite journal
1117:. Retrieved
1113:
1081:Google Books
1079:, p. 76, at
1074:
1020:. Retrieved
986:. Retrieved
955:. Retrieved
926:. Retrieved
912:
906:
901:Iris hermona
900:
855:
841:
830:
821:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
777:
776:), 'Orit' (
773:
769:
765:Iris susiana
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
741:
740:), 'Leat' (
737:
731:
730:), 'Goren' (
727:
723:
720:I. hermona]]
719:
713:
709:Iris iberica
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
685:
683:
680:
664:
652:
646:
642:
632:
618:
617:
598:
586:caterpillars
569:
568:
565:Conservation
554:
552:
528:
512:
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460:
453:
451:
448:
425:
421:Mount Hermon
416:
411:
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384:
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363:
357:
346:
342:
339:
332:
325:
323:
312:
306:
273:
267:
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253:Iris hermona
252:
251:
250:
243:
222:Iris hermona
221:
219:
203:
202:
186:
174:
170:
158:
121:
108:
95:
25:Iris hermona
24:
18:
2501:iNaturalist
2411:Wikispecies
1519:23 November
984:. tiuli.com
928:12 November
796:Iris mariae
733:Iris mariae
715:Iris haynei
661:Propagation
648:Iris mariae
607:Cultivation
601:mine fields
549:Pollination
391:chromosomes
371:Iris haynei
327:Iris westii
303:Description
278:rhizomatous
244:None known
138:Asparagales
115:Angiosperms
2637:Categories
2571:kew-321931
2566:Plant List
2309:29 October
2287:31 October
2247:30 October
2225:30 October
2203:30 October
2181:30 October
2159:30 October
2137:30 October
2115:30 October
2093:30 October
2071:30 October
2005:30 October
1983:30 October
1961:30 October
1935:. telp.com
1916:12 October
1894:25 October
1844:0715305395
1807:23 October
1785:29 October
1762:24 October
1740:24 October
1705:24 October
1660:25 October
1637:24 October
1570:0881927309
1541:28 October
1458:Plant Biol
1421:25 October
1359:26 October
1321:23 October
1271:23 October
1226:24 October
1022:23 October
988:24 October
957:24 October
862:References
856:I. hermona
812:I. hermona
808:I. hermona
800:I. hermona
792:I. hermona
788:I. hermona
784:I. hermona
774:I. hermona
760:I. hermona
756:I. hermona
748:I. hermona
738:I. hermona
728:I. hermona
704:I. hermona
700:I. hermona
692:I. hermona
643:I. hermona
619:I. hermona
582:porcupines
578:herbivores
570:I. hermona
555:I. hermona
444:G. E. Post
419:refers to
412:The Latin
276:. It is a
274:Oncocyclus
258:Golan iris
191:Oncocyclus
166:Subgenus:
57:Endangered
2049:6 October
2027:6 October
1758:. eol.org
724:I. haynei
594:vineyards
590:true-bugs
580:(such as
543:limestone
432:Palestine
428:Kunaytrah
321:rhizome.
297:temperate
281:perennial
198:Species:
182:Section:
148:Iridaceae
85:Kingdom:
2597:16600234
2592:Tropicos
2532:13161725
2519:438694-1
2402:Q4168899
2396:Wikidata
1939:28 April
1614:84941000
1478:16025415
833:medieval
818:Toxicity
667:division
465:and the
397:Taxonomy
381:Genetics
335:peduncle
309:geophyte
307:It is a
237:Synonyms
144:Family:
128:Monocots
62:IUCN 3.1
2480:5298869
2457:5866665
2321:Sources
1871:3 March
1606:2473887
1189:13 July
848:Vilnius
827:Culture
545:soils.
535:steppes
533:scrub,
525:Habitat
515:endemic
495:Katzrin
417:hermona
387:diploid
154:Genus:
134:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
2558:472926
2545:995797
2506:489610
2467:IRIHER
2464:FoIO:
2431:426785
1841:
1612:
1604:
1567:
1476:
1387:
1119:9 July
837:sheikh
628:aphids
588:, and
539:basalt
519:Keshet
513:It is
503:native
501:It is
407:Arabic
403:Hebrew
353:tepals
349:sepals
289:Israel
256:, the
229:Dinsm.
173:subg.
2604:WoI:
2493:20326
2444:3PZRF
1865:(PDF)
1610:S2CID
1602:JSTOR
1513:(PDF)
1483:3 May
1454:(PDF)
1183:(PDF)
1160:(PDF)
1110:(PDF)
750:) X (
694:) X (
509:Range
293:Syria
189:sect.
187:Iris
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
2607:1172
2579:POWO
2540:NCBI
2527:IUCN
2514:IPNI
2488:GRIN
2475:GBIF
2426:BOLD
2311:2016
2289:2016
2249:2016
2227:2016
2205:2016
2183:2016
2161:2016
2139:2016
2117:2016
2095:2016
2073:2016
2051:2016
2029:2016
2007:2016
1985:2016
1963:2016
1941:2016
1918:2015
1896:2016
1873:2016
1839:ISBN
1809:2016
1787:2016
1764:2016
1742:2016
1707:2016
1662:2016
1639:2016
1565:ISBN
1543:2016
1521:2014
1485:2016
1474:PMID
1423:2016
1385:ISBN
1361:2016
1323:2016
1273:2016
1228:2016
1191:2016
1142:help
1121:2016
1024:2016
990:2016
959:2016
930:2021
913:2016
810:) X
368:and
291:and
269:Iris
263:Iris
175:Iris
171:Iris
159:Iris
2615:WFO
2452:EoL
2439:CoL
1594:doi
1590:138
1466:doi
1172:doi
917:doi
846:in
814:),
561:).
531:oak
479:RHS
287:in
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2428::
2413::
2398::
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1837:.
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1600:.
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1369:^
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1166:.
1162:.
1133::
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1127:{{
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798:X
782:X
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