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at the expense of longer and more serious work. New theatre companies emerged to redress this, and An Phéacóg Nua (The New
Peacock Theatre), a small theatre specialising in Irish-language drama, was created as an extension of the Abbey. The task of presenting innovative theatre in Irish was taken up
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From the 17th century, theatrical productions in
Ireland tended to serve the political purposes of the English colonial administration, but as more theatres opened and the popular audience grew, a more diverse range of entertainments were staged. Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their
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in Dublin. The
Taibhdhearc has over the years mounted critically praised productions, but there was always tension between proponents of original and translated drama. There was a constant need for new scripts and for sufficient funding to establish the Taibhdhearc as a national theatre. The number
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group
Aisling Ghéar, with an interest in experimentation. Dublin, traditionally a theatrical centre, still lacks a permanent theatre devoted solely to Irish-language productions, though the Peacock Theatre continues to present plays in Irish. In the words of Irish theatre historian Philip O’Leary,
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theatre of Japan, a tendency to mythologise quotidian situations, and a particularly strong focus on writings in dialects of
Hiberno-English, the Abbey was to create a style that held a strong fascination for future Irish dramatists. Indeed, it could almost be said that the Abbey created the basic
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British theatre. His plays are noted for the lightness of their wit, but he also contrived to address some serious issues around sexual and class roles and identity, as he wrote himself 'treating the serious things lightly and the light things seriously'. Events in Wilde's personal life were to
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In the 1990s and 2000s a new wave of theatre companies arrived. These include: Barabbas, Barnstorm
Theatre Company, Bedrock, Blue Raincoat, B*spoke, The Corn Exchange, Corcadorca, Fishamble, KATS Theatre Group, Loose Canon, Ouroborous and Pan Pan. A number of these companies had a significant
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in London and appears to have been selected because it was a story of a divided kingdom descending into anarchy that was applicable to the situation in
Ireland at the time of the performance. Mountjoy started a fashion, and private performances became quite commonplace in great houses all over
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The earliest plays were often based on folk themes or had as their aim the strengthening of nationalism. It was not until the late nineteen twenties that a real sophistication began to be achieved, and even then the work depended largely on the work of gifted amateurs working through dramatic
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In general, the Abbey was the dominant influence in theatre in
Ireland across the 20th century. Beckett's example has been almost entirely ignored, although his plays are regularly performed on the Irish stage. Behan, in his use of song and direct address to the audience, was influenced by
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societies and the few available theatres. They were handicapped by the lack of a longstanding dramatic tradition such as existed in
English, and it has been argued that, with outstanding exceptions, there was little influence at the time from the European classics.
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and grew up in extremely rural surroundings. He entered
Trinity College in 1745 and graduated in 1749. He returned to the family home, and in 1751, began to travel, finally settling in London in 1756, where he published poetry, prose and two plays,
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Sheridan (1751–1816) was born in Dublin into a family with a strong literary and theatrical tradition. His mother was a writer and his father was manager of Smock Alley Theatre. The family moved to England in the 1750s, and Sheridan attended
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At the beginning of the 20th century, theatres and theatre companies dedicated to the staging of Irish plays and the development of indigenous writers, directors and performers began to emerge. This allowed many of the most significant Irish
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in 1795, and used as such until 1830. Despite alterations to the interior, structurally the building remains exactly as it was designed and first constructed, and it is thus considered the oldest purpose-built theatre building in Ireland.
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of Old English and Irish that formed in that city. Kilkenny had a tradition of dramatic performance going back to 1366, and the Dublin company, much attenuated, set up in their new home. At least one new play was published in Kilkenny;
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1841. This was a great success and he seemed set to become the major writer of comedies of his day. However, his next few plays were not as successful and Boucicault found himself in debt. He recovered some of his reputation with
1390:, but their works had little impact on the dramatists who came after them. In the 1970s and 1980s, a number of companies emerged to challenge the Abbey's dominance and introduce different styles and approaches. These included
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Irish-language theatre still depends upon a mixture of amateur and professional talent. Current companies include AisteoirĂ Bulfin, FĂbĂn (with an emphasis on physicality and the visual, including masks and puppetry) and the
1040:(1884). These later plays helped perpetuate the stereotype of the drunken, hotheaded, garrulous Irishman that had been common on the British stage since the time of Shakespeare. Other Irish dramatists of the period include
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Although there would appear to have been performances of plays on religious themes in Ireland from as early as the 14th century, the first well-documented instance of a theatrical production in Ireland is a 1601 staging of
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begins in the Middle Ages and was for a long time confined to the courts of the Gaelic and "Old English" – descendants of 12th-century Norman invaders – inhabitants of Ireland. The first theatre building in Ireland was the
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theatre founded in 1928, was explicitly devoted to Irish-language productions. Prominent among those involved were the writer and actor Micheál MacLiammóir and his companion Hilton Edwards, who were also involved with the
966:(1820–1890). Boucicault was born in Dublin but went to England to complete his education. At school, he began writing dramatic sketches and soon took up acting under the stage name of Lee Morton. His first play was
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overtake his literary success and he died in Paris in 1900. He remains one of the great figures in the history of Irish theatre and his plays are frequently performed all over the English-speaking world.
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During a short but glittering literary career, Wilde wrote poetry, short stories, criticism and a novel, but his plays probably represent his most enduring legacy. Wilde's first stage success came with
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by An Damer, a theatre in the heart of Dublin. It continued the tradition of staging both original work and translations. There were professional directors working there, and the playwrights included
1215:. The history of this theatre is well documented, and its importance can be seen from the list of writers whose plays were first performed here in the early days of the 20th century. These included
1130:(1856–1950) was a very different kind of writer. Born in Dublin, Shaw moved to London in 1876 intending to become a novelist. Here he became active in socialist politics and became a member of the
867:, the whole ethos of Dublin Castle, including its attitude to the theatre, changed. A theatre at Smock Alley stayed in existence until the 1780s and new theatres, such as the Theatre Royal,
875:
opened during the 19th century. However, the one constant for the next 200 years was that the main action in the history of Irish theatre happened outside Ireland itself, mainly in London.
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was converted, in 2012, from an early 19th century church building which incorporated fabric from the 18th century theatre which preceded it, and is built on the foundations of the first
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1551:"theatre in Irish has been a living if often invisible art form, with its companies, venues, prizes and, of course, critics". In spite of its problems, it shows continuing vitality.
860:(1700) is the one Congreve work regularly revived on the modern stage. However, at the time of its creation, it was a relative failure and he wrote no further works for the theatre.
1418:. These companies nurtured a number of writers, actors, and directors who went on to be successful in London, Broadway and Hollywood or in other literary fields. These include
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dates to 1876, but retains some structural material from the 1785 theatre building which preceded it, and is considered Ireland's oldest continually operating theatre. The
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1750:
Ronald W. Lightbown, "An Architect Earl: Edward Augustus Stratford (1736–1801), 2nd Earl of Aldborough" OLL Editions in association with the Irish Georgian Society (2009)
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London equivalents and performers and productions from the British capital frequently found their way to the Irish stage. However, almost all Irish playwrights from
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who achieved distinction elesewhere. It lost its state subsidy in 1981 and closed, and the new theatre companies that arose to replace it lacked a permanent home.
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from 1662. It is thus often referred to as Ireland's "oldest new theatre" or "newest old theatre". The Lord Amiens Theatre was built as a private theatre wing of
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1067:(1854–1900). Wilde was born in Dublin into a literary family and studied at Trinity College, where he had a brilliant career. In 1874 he won a scholarship to
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portion or, in some cases, all of their Arts Council funding cut at the beginning of 2010 and it remains to be seen if they will continue to operate.
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1142:(1904). Shaw was extremely prolific, and his collected writings filled 36 volumes. Many of his plays are now forgotten, but a number, including
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1489:, despite a frequent lack of trained actors and directors, a small and scattered audience and difficulty in finding permanent theatre spaces.
1326:) took place here in 1958. The theatre closed in 1981. Behan went on to be an extremely popular dramatist, particularly through his work with
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and staged mainly pro-Stuart works and Shakespearean classics. As a result, Irish playwrights and actors of real talent were drawn to London.
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as Shaw had left the royalties of the play to the gallery. A statue of the playwright now stands outside the gallery entrance. He won the
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and was an instant success. He went on to become the most significant London playwright of the late 18th century with plays like
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Brian Ă“ Conchubhair, "Twisting in the Wind: Irish language Stage Theatre 1884-2014", in Nicholas Grene & Chris Morash,
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946:. The theatre burned down in 1809, and Sheridan lived out the rest of his life in reduced circumstances. He is buried in
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846:. After graduating, Congreve moved to London to study law at the Temple and pursue a literary career. His first play,
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Drama and the Performing Arts in Pre-Cromwellian Ireland. Sources and Documents from the Earliest Times Until c.1642
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Drama and the Performing Arts in Pre-Cromwellian Ireland. Sources and Documents from the Earliest Times Until c.1642
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1776:, as told to Edward Kenny, with appendices and lists of Irish theatre plays, 1899–1916. Duffy and Co., Dublin. 1955
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is probably the most significant of these. Beckett had a long career as a novelist and poet before his first play,
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Simpson, L. "Archaeological excavation at the Smock Alley Theatre" (Margaret Gowen & Co. Ltd), 17 March 2010
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and the play ran for 247 performances at The Adelphi Theatre. He wrote several more successful plays, including
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1089:(1892), which resulted in his becoming the most talked about dramatist in London. He followed this up with
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Few historic theatre buildings survive in Ireland, and only a small minority predate the 20th century. The
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This period also saw a rise in the writing of plays in Irish, especially after the formation, in 1928, of
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1079:. His studies were cut short during his second year at Oxford when his father died leaving large debts.
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A sea change in the history of the Irish theatre came with the establishment in Dublin in 1899 of the
818:. Although starting well, this new theatre was essentially under the control of the administration in
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1466:. In 1974 Siamsa TĂre, the National Folk Theatre of Ireland, was founded in Tralee, County Kerry, by
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in Dublin is generally identified as the "first custom-built theatre in the city," "the only pre-
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1314:. The Damer produced both professional and amateur Irish language theatre. The world premier of
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features and remains Ireland's longest-established, continuously producing public theatre. The
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theatre has enjoyed periods of remarkable productivity since its beginnings in the era of the
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1686:(Toronto: Toronto University Press & Cork: Cork University Press, 2000); A. J. Fletcher:
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A poster for the opening run at the Abbey Theatre from 27 December 1904 to 3 January 1905
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834:, one of the most important writers for the late 18th London stage. Although born in
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1134:. He was also a very public vegetarian. His writing for the stage was influenced by
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of full-length plays in Irish being presented there is presently at a minimum.
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to learn their trade and establish their reputations in Ireland rather than in
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began occasional productions in Irish; in time this led to a concentration on
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1138:. His early political plays were not popular, but he made a breakthrough with
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in Dublin dates to 1871, and despite multiple alterations it retains several
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The twentieth century saw a number of Irish playwrights come to prominence.
1263:, introduced Irish audiences to many of the classics of the European stage.
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1651:(Toronto: Toronto University Press & Cork: Cork University Press, 2000)
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In 1853, he moved to New York, where he soon became a hit with plays like
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found it necessary to leave their native island to establish themselves.
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An Underground Theatre: Major Playwrights in the Irish Language, 1930–80
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An Underground Theatre: Major Playwrights in the Irish Language, 1930–80
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854:, and he went on to write at least four more plays. The last of these,
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https://www.britannica.com/place/Ireland/Daily-life-and-social-customs
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Nà Chinnéide, Máiréad. "An Damer: Stair Amharclainne". Gael-Linn 2008.
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After Sheridan, the next Irish dramatist of historical importance was
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1773. This latter was a huge success and is still regularly revived.
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was based in the Abbey until 1951 and produced many of Clarke's own
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The 18th century saw the emergence of two major Irish dramatists,
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for the new king's entrance into London. Ogilby was reinstated as
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1235:. Equally importantly, through the introduction by Yeats, via
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1026:(1860). In that year, Boucicault returned to London to stage
1010:(1859). These plays tackled issues such as urban poverty and
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playhouse outside London," and the "first Irish playhouse."
684:
1774:
The Splendid Years: recollections of Máire Nic Shiubhlaigh
1291:
theatre. Beckett was awarded for the Nobel Prize in 1969.
1281:(1953) made him famous. This play, along with his second,
1014:. Boucicault was also involved in getting the 1856 law on
806:
was commissioned to design the triumphal arches and write
1684:
Drama, Performance, and Polity in Pre-Cromwellian Ireland
1649:
Drama, Performance, and Polity in Pre-Cromwellian Ireland
1337:
Other important Irish dramatists of this period include:
3149:
List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland
2879:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1071:. Here he began his career as a writer, winning the
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Contemporary Irish Drama—from Beckett to McGuinness
786:were forced to flee the city. Many of them went to
3242:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland
1521:. It served as a training ground for actors like
1251:, a theatre dedicated to the Irish language. The
1772:Edward Kenny (nephew of Máire Nic Shiubhlaigh):
1761:Historian Leading Campaign to Stop Demolition...
4088:Association football in the Republic of Ireland
1812:https://comhartaighde.ie/eagrain/5/macconghail/
1636:(Dublin: University College Dublin Press, 1999)
838:, Congreve grew up in Ireland and studied with
101:remains one of Ireland's best-known playwrights
1665:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
1255:, also founded in 1928 under the direction of
1118:With these plays, Wilde came to dominate late-
802:With the restoration of the monarchy in 1661,
797:A Tragedy of Cola's Fury, OR, Lirenda's Misery
2722:
2340:
1921:
631:
8:
1857:, "Ireland: Daily life and social customs":
1571:List of Irish theatres and theatre companies
754:for the 1561/2 Christmas festivities at the
2851:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1834:The Oxford Handbook of Modern Irish Theatre
4274:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland
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1607:Staging the Easter Rising: 1916 as Theatre
1310:at St Stephen's Green, Dublin was home to
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104:
1244:elements of a national theatrical style.
1150:(usually considered his masterpiece) and
759:Ireland over the following thirty years.
82:Learn how and when to remove this message
4093:Association football in Northern Ireland
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1826:
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45:This article includes a list of general
3289:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland
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983:(1852), a well constructed melodrama.
1663:A History of Irish Theatre, 1601–2000
1312:Amharclann an Damer/The Damer Theatre
1063:Irish dramatist between Sheridan and
1059:Boucicault is widely regarded as the
7:
1798:, Philip O’Leary, UCD Press (2017).
863:With the accession to the throne of
1633:The Diviner: the Art of Brian Friel
659:, founded in 1637, followed by the
3318:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland
3093:Economy of the Republic of Ireland
2891:Irish Free State (1922–1937)
1703:. GaietyTheatre.ie. Archived from
1618:(Cambridge: Chadwyck-Healey, 1984)
974:. His first London production was
970:1838 in which he acted himself in
830:An early example of this trend is
51:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3103:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn
1615:The Dublin Gate Theatre 1928-1978
814:and returned to Dublin to open a
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1893:
1794:Review by Fiach Mac Conghail of
1690:(Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2001).
1658:(Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 2001).
1101:(1895) and his most famous play
605:
126:
36:
1836:, Oxford University Press, 2016
1624:Brian Friel and Ireland’s Drama
1287:, is one of the great works of
1154:are still regularly performed.
1104:The Importance of Being Earnest
746:. The play had been written by
3108:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis
1785:The Abbey 1904–1978, pp. 37–39
1740:Smockalley website Our History
1209:Irish National Theatre Society
1162:, a fact which benefitted the
1:
1873:. UCD Press (2017): p. xiii.
1601:(Tralee: The Kerryman, 1946).
1478:Theatre in the Irish language
1022:. His last New York play was
4173:Northern Ireland flags issue
3124:List of conflicts in Ireland
2868:Southern Ireland (1921–1922)
1719:History of the Theatre Royal
1158:was the basis for the movie
778:In 1642, as a result of the
3144:Gaelic clothing and fashion
1334:in Stratford, East London.
1207:. This was followed by the
1164:National Gallery of Ireland
4356:
1763:" Dublin Live, 29 Jun 2018
1717:Theatre Royal, Waterford "
1306:. From the mid-1950s, the
1168:Nobel Prize for Literature
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1966:Amharclann Ghaoth Dobhair
1627:(London: Routledge, 1990)
1001:The Cricket on the Hearth
897:Richard Brinsley Sheridan
2177:Fishamble Street Theatre
2147:Aungier Street Playhouse
2106:Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe
1986:Bord Gáis Energy Theatre
1566:List of Irish dramatists
1396:The Children's T Company
1140:John Bull's Other Island
1092:A Woman of No Importance
1069:Magdalen College, Oxford
850:(1693) was sponsored by
705:Theatre Royal, Waterford
4265:Prostitution (Republic)
2289:Belvoir Players Theatre
2262:Werburgh Street Theatre
2111:Theatre Royal Waterford
1855:Encyclopedia Britannica
1400:Project Theatre Company
1394:, The Passion Machine,
1174:20th and 21st centuries
942:, which he bought from
926:1775, was performed at
764:Werburgh Street Theatre
657:Werburgh Street Theatre
66:more precise citations.
3134:List of Irish kingdoms
2403:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2252:Tivoli Variety Theatre
2242:Theatre Royal, Wexford
2202:Lambert Puppet Theatre
2187:Irish Literary Theatre
1976:Athlone Little Theatre
1211:, later to become the
1193:Irish Literary Theatre
1188:
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938:. He was owner of the
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888:
844:Trinity College Dublin
740:Lord Deputy of Ireland
687:or the United States.
299:Imbolc/St Brigid's Day
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4241:Mass media (Republic)
4185:National coat of arms
3073:IRA Northern Campaign
2237:Theatre Royal, Dublin
2142:Astley's Amphitheatre
2091:Riverbank Arts Centre
2006:Dunamaise Arts Centre
1382:techniques including
1298:, founded in 1944 by
1239:, of elements of the
1225:John Millington Synge
1186:
1126:Wilde's contemporary
1113:
1086:Lady Windermere's Fan
1052:formed the basis for
981:The Corsican Brothers
911:She Stoops to Conquer
886:
742:in the Great Hall in
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4163:County coats of arms
4055:List of Irish people
3129:List of Irish tribes
2979:Cromwellian conquest
2965:Plantation of Ulster
2896:Ireland (since 1922)
2152:Capel Street Theatre
2137:Andrews Lane Theatre
2061:National Opera House
2051:Mill Theatre Dundrum
2041:Liberty Hall Theatre
1661:Christopher Morash:
988:The Poor of New York
920:Harrow Public School
906:The Good-Natur'd Man
857:The Way of the World
812:Master of the Revels
520:World Heritage Sites
4278:in Northern Ireland
4269:in Northern Ireland
4010:Legendary creatures
3923:Traditional singing
3759:Saint Patrick's Day
3394:Republic of Ireland
3323:Tourist attractions
3308:ROI–UK border
3293:of Northern Ireland
3246:in Northern Ireland
3078:IRA Border Campaign
3053:War of Independence
3023:Second Great Famine
3008:Act of Union (1800)
2960:Flight of the Earls
2817:Lordship of Ireland
2752:Republic of Ireland
2619:States with limited
2294:Brian Friel Theatre
2232:Theatre Royal, Cork
2162:Crow Street Theatre
2086:Project Arts Centre
1946:Republic of Ireland
1707:on 17 January 2010.
1586:List of Irish poets
1365:Recent developments
1261:Micheál MacLiammóir
1203:, George Moore and
1179:The Abbey and after
1128:George Bernard Shaw
1114:George Bernard Shaw
842:in Kilkenny and at
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673:George Bernard Shaw
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382:and performing arts
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4340:Theatre in Ireland
4315:Ireland portal
3633:Skirts and kidneys
3139:List of High Kings
3058:Anglo-Irish Treaty
2998:First Great Famine
2983:Settlement of 1652
2955:Tyrone's Rebellion
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2212:Mechanics' Theatre
1996:Dean Crowe Theatre
1682:Alan J. Fletcher:
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1701:"A brief history"
1519:Máiréad Nà Ghráda
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1278:Waiting for Godot
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1267:Mid-20th century
1107:that same year.
1098:An Ideal Husband
1054:The Colleen Bawn
1028:The Colleen Bawn
1024:The Colleen Bawn
994:(1859, based on
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4332:
4330:
4317:
4316:
4303:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:Public houses
4281:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
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4209:
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4196:
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4149:
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4140:
4134:
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4126:
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4119:
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4109:
4106:
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4077:
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4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3959:
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3902:
3899:
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3892:
3890:
3887:
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3878:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
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3859:
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3847:
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3841:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3827:
3824:
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3819:
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3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
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3700:
3697:
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3586:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3557:
3553:
3539:
3538:Peace process
3536:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3468:(upper house)
3466:
3462:
3460:
3458:(lower house)
3456:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:Republicanism
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3343:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3243:
3240:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3088:Peace process
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:The Emergency
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3048:Easter Rising
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3033:Fenian Rising
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
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2980:
2977:
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2968:
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2897:
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2869:
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2857:
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2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2808:Early history
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2761:
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2749:
2746:
2742:
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2732:
2727:
2725:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:Faroe Islands
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2655:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:South Ossetia
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:Liechtenstein
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
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2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2304:Lyric Theatre
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2257:Torch Theatre
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2207:Lyric Theatre
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2192:Leinster Hall
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:Focus Theatre
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Damer Theatre
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
2001:Druid Theatre
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1926:
1924:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1902:at Wikisource
1901:
1900:Irish theatre
1896:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1880:
1879:9781910820155
1876:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1808:ComharTaighde
1805:
1804:9781910820155
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1759:Lyne, Laura "
1756:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1706:
1702:
1696:
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1679:
1676:
1669:
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1638:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:James Moran:
1603:
1600:
1599:Irish Theatre
1596:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1576:Irish fiction
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1515:Brendan Behan
1512:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1498:Abbey Theatre
1494:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1464:Gabriel Byrne
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1408:Druid Theatre
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1392:Focus Theatre
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1359:John B. Keane
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1343:Thomas Kilroy
1340:
1335:
1333:
1332:Theatre Royal
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:Brendan Behan
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1300:Austin Clarke
1297:
1296:Lyric Theatre
1292:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:Abbey Theatre
1210:
1206:
1205:Edward Martyn
1202:
1198:
1194:
1185:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1144:Major Barbara
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1121:
1120:Victorian era
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1078:
1075:for his poem
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1032:The Shaughran
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1003:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
984:
982:
977:
973:
969:
965:
957:
955:
953:
949:
948:Poets' Corner
945:
944:David Garrick
941:
937:
933:
929:
928:Covent Garden
925:
921:
915:
913:
912:
907:
902:
898:
894:
885:
878:
876:
874:
870:
866:
861:
859:
858:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
825:
823:
821:
820:Dublin Castle
817:
813:
809:
805:
800:
798:
793:
789:
785:
781:
773:
771:
769:
765:
760:
757:
753:
752:Thomas Norton
749:
745:
744:Dublin Castle
741:
738:
737:Lord Mountjoy
735:presented by
734:
733:
723:
721:
718:
714:
713:Theatre Royal
710:
706:
702:
701:Victorian era
698:
690:
688:
686:
685:Great Britain
682:
676:
674:
670:
664:
662:
658:
653:
652:Irish theatre
641:
636:
634:
629:
627:
622:
621:
619:
618:
613:
603:
602:
601:
600:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
539:
535:
529:
528:
521:
518:
517:
509:
508:
501:
498:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
464:
461:
460:
456:
450:
449:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
424:
418:
417:
410:
407:
405:
404:Irish theatre
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
381:
375:
374:
369:
363:
357:
356:
353:
349:
346:
342:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
288:
287:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
264:Irish whiskey
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
201:
197:
191:
190:
187:
183:
179:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
158:
154:
148:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
124:
120:
115:
111:
107:
106:
100:
96:
86:
83:
75:
65:
61:
55:
54:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
18:Irish theater
4306:
4276: /
4267: /
4258: /
4236:Homelessness
4155:
4123:Road bowling
4118:Martial arts
4065:Ulster Scots
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3946:Mythological
3893:
3865:
3853:
3826:Ulster Scots
3786: /
3725:
3653:Three-in-One
3464:
3455:Dáil Éireann
3454:
3444:
3402:Constitution
3291: /
3262:Architecture
3244: /
3117:Other topics
3098:Celtic Tiger
3083:The Troubles
2981: /
2972: /
2918: /
2914: /
2815: /
2803:Protohistory
2648:Transnistria
2217:Pike Theatre
2056:Moat Theatre
2016:Firkin Crane
1936:Theatres in
1870:
1865:
1854:
1850:
1841:
1833:
1807:
1795:
1790:
1781:
1773:
1768:
1755:
1746:
1735:
1726:
1713:
1705:the original
1695:
1687:
1683:
1678:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1592:Bibliography
1581:Irish poetry
1544:
1539:Gate Theatre
1527:
1523:Niall TĂłibĂn
1511:Seán Ó Tuama
1495:
1491:
1481:
1472:
1456:Jimmy Murphy
1368:
1351:Hugh Leonard
1336:
1323:
1319:
1293:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1253:Gate Theatre
1246:
1233:Seán O'Casey
1229:George Moore
1221:Lady Gregory
1201:Lady Gregory
1190:
1160:My Fair Lady
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1136:Henrik Ibsen
1125:
1117:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1037:Robert Emmet
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1007:The Octoroon
1005:
999:
991:
987:
985:
980:
975:
967:
961:
958:19th century
935:
931:
923:
916:
909:
905:
890:
879:18th century
862:
855:
847:
829:
801:
796:
777:
761:
756:Inner Temple
730:
727:
694:
677:
665:
651:
649:
562:Coat of arms
547:Coat of arms
463:Gaelic games
403:
171:Ulster Scots
78:
69:
50:
29:
4256:Place names
4133:Rugby union
4028:Anglo-Irish
3913:Instruments
3769:The Twelfth
3733:Set dancing
3533:LGBT rights
3439:LGBT rights
3369:Nationalism
2935:Black Death
2686:Isle of Man
2621:recognition
2595:Switzerland
2530:Netherlands
2101:Smock Alley
2096:Siamsa TĂre
2071:The Olympia
2031:Hawk's Well
1981:Aula Maxima
1530:Taibhdhearc
1460:Billy Roche
1452:Marina Carr
1440:Garry Hynes
1436:Stephen Rea
1432:Brian Friel
1424:Joe O Byrne
1384:found texts
1324:The Hostage
1304:verse plays
1217:W. B. Yeats
1197:W. B. Yeats
1065:Oscar Wilde
1034:(1875) and
852:John Dryden
804:John Ogilby
792:confederacy
768:Restoration
399:Irish dance
314:The Twelfth
279:Spiced beef
99:Oscar Wilde
64:introducing
4329:Categories
4157:Cláirseach
4060:Travellers
3918:Rock music
3901:Folk music
3836:Literature
3638:Soda bread
3521:Government
3448:parliament
3445:Oireachtas
3422:Government
3362:Ideologies
2993:Penal Laws
2884:since 1922
2798:Prehistory
2565:San Marino
2525:Montenegro
2505:Luxembourg
2485:Kazakhstan
2388:Azerbaijan
2026:The Gaiety
1971:An Grianán
1670:References
1420:Enda Walsh
1404:Red Kettle
1347:Tom Murphy
1237:Ezra Pound
1156:Pygmalion
1152:Pygmalion
1148:Saint Joan
1042:John Banim
936:The Critic
924:The Rivals
790:to join a
681:dramatists
572:Irish harp
436:Television
362:Literature
254:Irish stew
47:references
4288:Squatting
4004:Fomorians
3933:Mythology
3803:Languages
3788:Halloween
3764:Bealtaine
3747:Festivals
3738:Stepdance
3643:Spice Bag
3628:Irish fry
3618:Colcannon
3593:Barmbrack
3516:Education
3474:President
3412:Education
3328:Transport
3303:Provinces
3225:Mountains
3200:Coastline
3172:Geography
3063:Civil War
3018:Tithe War
2676:Gibraltar
2500:Lithuania
2036:The Helix
1961:The Abbey
1630:R. Pine:
1621:R. Pine:
1612:R. Pine:
1502:pantomime
1468:Pat Ahern
1416:Field Day
1380:modernist
1289:absurdist
1170:in 1925.
1016:copyright
908:1768 and
901:Roscommon
836:Yorkshire
784:Royalists
782:, Dublin
663:in 1662.
513:Monuments
309:Bealtaine
292:Festivals
274:Spice bag
234:Colcannon
204:Barmbrack
182:Mythology
153:Languages
72:June 2012
4246:Monastic
4211:Calendar
4195:Shamrock
4190:Red Hand
4128:Rounders
3793:Wren Day
3727:Sean-nĂłs
3679:Guinness
3623:Drisheen
3499:Assembly
3481:Taxation
3384:Unionism
3351:Politics
3284:Counties
3028:Land War
2920:Clontarf
2916:Glenmama
2790:Timeline
2696:Svalbard
2681:Guernsey
2628:Abkhazia
2580:Slovenia
2575:Slovakia
2550:Portugal
2408:Bulgaria
2227:SFX Hall
2021:The Gate
1555:See also
1320:An Giall
1095:(1893),
1061:wittiest
1020:Congress
990:(1857),
972:Brighton
788:Kilkenny
732:Gorboduc
577:Red Hand
567:Shamrock
493:Rounders
345:Religion
334:Wren Day
244:Drisheen
239:Crubeens
186:folklore
110:a series
108:Part of
4216:Castles
4143:Symbols
4113:Hurling
4098:Camogie
3997:Firbolg
3983:Immrama
3976:Echtrai
3906:session
3889:Ballads
3866:Theatre
3855:Gaeilge
3849:Fiction
3784:Samhain
3699:Whiskey
3573:Cuisine
3561:Culture
3511:Economy
3407:Economy
3215:Islands
3190:Climate
3183:Natural
2778:History
2738:Ireland
2605:Ukraine
2555:Romania
2515:Moldova
2473:Ireland
2468:Iceland
2463:Hungary
2453:Germany
2448:Georgia
2438:Finland
2433:Estonia
2428:Denmark
2413:Croatia
2398:Belgium
2393:Belarus
2383:Austria
2378:Armenia
2373:Andorra
2368:Albania
2046:The Lir
1938:Ireland
1548:Belfast
1388:collage
1284:Endgame
1077:Ravenna
1012:slavery
808:masques
534:Symbols
483:Camogie
478:Hurling
329:Samhain
196:Cuisine
136:History
60:improve
4221:Cinema
4020:People
3969:Aos SĂ
3956:Ulster
3951:Fenian
3941:Cycles
3871:Triads
3861:Poetry
3844:Annals
3821:Shelta
3774:LĂşnasa
3754:Imbolc
3689:PoitĂn
3669:Coffee
3662:Drinks
3613:Coddle
3279:Cities
3230:Rivers
3220:Loughs
2905:Events
2763:topics
2755:topics
2741:topics
2691:Jersey
2633:Kosovo
2600:Turkey
2590:Sweden
2570:Serbia
2560:Russia
2545:Poland
2540:Norway
2520:Monaco
2490:Latvia
2458:Greece
2443:France
2418:Cyprus
2130:Former
1954:Active
1877:
1802:
1534:Galway
1398:, the
1357:, and
1231:, and
1004:) and
871:, and
441:Cinema
368:Comics
319:LĂşnasa
269:Jambon
229:Coddle
143:People
112:on the
49:, but
4251:Names
4204:Other
4168:Flags
4080:Sport
4033:Gaels
3961:Kings
3895:CĂ©ilĂ
3881:Music
3816:Irish
3713:Dance
3674:Cream
3608:Champ
3603:Boxty
3526:local
3427:local
3313:Towns
3298:Ports
3255:Human
3210:Fauna
2666:Ă…land
2585:Spain
2510:Malta
2480:Italy
1378:used
557:Flags
455:Sport
431:Radio
423:Media
409:CĂ©ilĂ
380:Music
249:Goody
219:Champ
214:Boxty
161:Irish
4070:Yola
3684:Mist
3648:Stew
3581:Food
3235:list
1875:ISBN
1800:ISBN
1532:, a
1528:The
1517:and
1462:and
1414:and
1412:TEAM
1386:and
1374:and
1294:The
1259:and
1044:and
934:and
895:and
762:The
750:and
542:Flag
209:Blaa
184:and
3721:Jig
3694:Tea
3434:Law
1330:'s
1318:'s
1241:Noh
1195:by
998:'s
992:Dot
950:at
671:to
352:Art
4331::
1819:^
1810:,
1806::
1513:,
1509:,
1470:.
1458:,
1454:,
1450:,
1446:,
1442:,
1438:,
1434:,
1430:,
1426:,
1422:,
1410:,
1406:,
1402:,
1361:.
1353:,
1349:,
1345:,
1341:,
1227:,
1223:,
1219:,
1199:,
1146:,
1056:.
954:.
2730:e
2723:t
2716:v
2348:e
2341:t
2334:v
1929:e
1922:t
1915:v
1814:.
1721:"
1322:(
639:e
632:t
625:v
85:)
79:(
74:)
70:(
56:.
20:)
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