634:
outwitting the coup plotters, he proceeded to rally some troops loyal to him and was able to crush the coup. The perception of many, including the
Northern and Western soldiers that no high-profile politician of Igbo extraction was killed, added to the emergence of yet another Igbo General as the leader of the Military Government of Nigeria, led people of the northern part the country to believe that it had been an Igbo conspiracy. Though Aguiyi-Ironsi tried to dispel that notion by courting the aggrieved ethnic groups through political appointments and patronage, his failure to punish the coup plotters and the promulgation of the now-infamous "Decree No. 34", which abrogated the country's
363:
333:
386:
346:
1527:
608:, from Okpanam near Asaba, Noé in Delta State, eradicated the uppermost echelon of politicians from the Northern and the Western Provinces. That and other factors effectively led to the fall of the Republican Government. Aguiyi-Ironsi, an Igbo, was purportedly slated for assassination but effectively took control of
633:
Aguiyi-Ironsi inherited a
Nigeria that was deeply fractured by its ethnic and religious cleavages. None of the high-profile victims of the 1966 coup was of Igbo extraction. Aguiyi Ironsi, who was the most senior officer alive as at the morning of 15 January 1966. after managing to survive the coup by
709:
The swagger stick with a stuffed crocodile mascot carried by Aguiyi-Ironsi was called "Charlie". Legend had it that the crocodile mascot made him invulnerable and that it was used to dodge or deflect bullets when he was on mission in the Congo. Despite the stories, the crocodile mascot probably had
654:
that had been put in place by the preceding civilian administration. According to Ndayo Uko, the decree was to serve "as a kind gesture to the press" to safeguard himself when he went on later to promulgate the
Defamatory and Offensive Decree No.44 of 1966, which made it an "offense to display or
578:
In 1965, Aguiyi-Ironsi was promoted to the rank of major general. The same year, Major
General C.B. Welby-Everard handed over his position as the general officer Commanding, GOC of the entire Nigerian Army to Major General Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi, which made him the first Nigeria
738:
The
Gallantry Medal was awarded by the Austrian government to Lieutenant Colonel Aguiyi-Ironsi, Maj Njoku, two expatriates and twelve Nigerian soldiers for their role in the Congo in 1960 in freeing an Austrian ambulance unit, which had been arrested and imprisoned by the Congolese authorities
645:
During his short regime (194 days in office), Aguiyi-Ironsi promulgated a raft of decrees. Among them were the
Constitution Suspension and Amendment Decree No.1, which suspended most articles of the Constitution though it left intact those sections that dealt with fundamental
620:
refusing to intervene to ensure the continuity of civilian rule, Aguiyi-Ironsi effectively compelled the remaining members of Balewa's government to resign. Seeing that the government was in disarray, Aguiya-Ironsi then allowed Senate
President
65:
586:, overthrew the central and regional governments of Nigeria, killed the prime minister and tried to take control of the government in a failed coup d'état. Nzeogwu was countered, captured and imprisoned by Major General Aguiyi-Ironsi.
563:
to the
Nigeria High Commission in London, United Kingdom. During that period he was promoted to the rank of brigadier. During his tenure as military attaché, he attended courses at the Imperial Defence college (renamed
526:
In 1942, Aguiyi-Ironsi joined the
Nigerian Regiment, as a private with the seventh battalion. He was promoted in 1946 to company sergeant major. Also in 1946, Aguiyi-Ironsi was sent on an officer training course in
589:
Aguiyi-Ironsi was named military head of state on 17 January 1966, a position he held until 29 July 1966, when a group of
Northern army officers revolted against the government and killed Aguiyi-Ironsi.
1719:
1212:
1932:
542:
Aguiyi-Ironsi was granted a regular commission on 16 May 1953 (seniority from 8 October 1947), and was promoted to captain with effect from the same date (seniority from 8 October 1951).
79:
549:
of the United Kingdom and Nigeria when she visited Nigeria in 1956 and so he was appointed a Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO). He was promoted to Major on 8 October 1958.
701:. The circumstances leading to Aguiyi-Ironsi's death have remained a subject of much controversy in Nigeria. His body and that of Fajuyi were later discovered in a nearby forest.
424:
294:
45:
2017:
2002:
1486:
511:. Aguiyi-Ironsi subsequently took the last name of his brother-in-law as his first name in admiration of Mr. Johnson for the father-figure role that he played in his life.
1987:
1712:
1962:
2027:
2022:
1997:
1705:
1982:
1947:
625:, another Igbo who was serving as acting president in Azikiwe's absence, to surrender power to him officially, which ended the First Nigerian Republic.
1992:
1479:
1200:
556:
408:
1390:
902:
846:
697:
Danjuma arrested Aguiyi-Ironsi and questioned him about his alleged complicity in the coup, which saw the demise of the Sardauna of Sokoto,
1977:
1967:
655:
pass on pictorial representation, sing songs, or play instruments the words of which are likely to provoke any section of the country".
429:
50:
568:
in 1961), Seaford House, Belgrave Square. He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire, Military Division (MBE) in the
1942:
1472:
535:. On 12 June 1949, after completion of his course at Camberley, he received a short-service commission as a second lieutenant in the
1952:
1495:
1347:
1273:
536:
76:
2007:
565:
438:
1159:
The Inaugural Addresses and Ascension Speeches of Nigerian Elected and Non elected presidents and prime minister from 1960 -2010
514:
Aguiyi-Ironsi had his primary and secondary school education in Umuahia and Kano, respectively. At the age of 18, he joined the
1310:
599:
442:
2012:
820:
685:, but he was unreachable. In the early hours of the morning, the Government House, Ibadan, was surrounded by soldiers led by
917:"The rise and fall of Major general Johnson Aguiyi Ironsi: He was a brilliant soldier and a dictator - Opera News Official"
1927:
135:
1213:"How Gowon, Obasanjo And Buhari Became Presidents In Their 30's! Here's Why Young Nigerians Can't Be Presidents Any More"
552:
In 1960, Aguiyi-Ironsi was made commandant of the fifth battalion in Kano, Nigeria, with the rank of lieutenant colonel.
1937:
681:, alerted him to a possible mutiny within the army. Aguiyi-Ironsi desperately tried to contact his Army Chief of Staff,
727:
433:
304:
54:
1005:
1957:
1858:
1337:
664:
604:
On 15 January 1966, young radical and revolutionary soldiers drawn from different tribal extractions, led by Major
480:
1972:
1263:
180:
98:
1647:
1587:
528:
453:
1423:
650:, freedom of expression and conscience. The Circulation of Newspaper Decree No.2 removed the restrictions on
1786:
1774:
1688:
1536:
916:
748:
678:
605:
389:
362:
248:
36:
575:
In 1964, he was appointed as the commandant of the entire United Nations peace keeping force in the Congo.
1661:
273:
1172:
569:
299:
1922:
1917:
1810:
1636:
1446:
723:
1876:
1840:
1038:
984:
961:
941:
1864:
1846:
1834:
1768:
1398:
1092:
1062:
1043:
989:
966:
946:
854:
686:
461:
1087:
1792:
1666:
1656:
1617:
1576:
1343:
1269:
1013:
472:
104:
1882:
1671:
1612:
1571:
1507:
1424:
Major-General Aguiyi-Ironsi visiting Ibadan the day before his assassination, July 28th 1966
583:
515:
468:
457:
222:
1894:
1870:
1622:
674:
1364:
770:"Nicknames, Slogans, Local and Operational Names Associated with the Nigerian Civil War"
1804:
1756:
1545:
1439:
617:
338:
156:
116:
1697:
539:, with a subsequent retroactive promotion to lieutenant effective from the same date.
1911:
1750:
1596:
1107:
794:
711:
651:
639:
449:
366:
168:
1888:
1822:
1744:
1566:
1516:
1456:
698:
682:
647:
622:
546:
128:
877:
710:
something to do with the fact that the name "Aguiyi" translates as "crocodile" in
1828:
1798:
1780:
1762:
1676:
1631:
613:
609:
492:
476:
385:
244:
1289:
1852:
1816:
1526:
635:
560:
504:
465:
227:
64:
1017:
1464:
252:
1132:
669:
On 29 July 1966, Aguiyi Ironsi spent the night at the Government House in
555:
Later in 1960, Aguiyi-Ironsi headed the Nigerian contingent force of the
1499:
1339:
Oil, politics and violence: Nigeria's military coup culture (1966–1976)
769:
532:
508:
500:
437:(3 March 1924 – 29 July 1966) was a Nigerian general who was the first
351:
218:
903:"nigeria johnson thomas umunnakwe aguiyi ironsi biography and profile"
545:
Aguiyi-Ironsi was one of the officers who served as equerry for Queen
17:
1108:"Supreme Commander, General Johnson Umunnakwe Thomas Aguiyi Ironsi 1"
670:
1238:
1365:"Obasanjo drops Defence Minister...Aguiyi-Ironsi's son takes over"
496:
1701:
1468:
1133:"Nigeria - The 1966 Coups, Civil War, and Gowon's Government"
673:, as part of a nationwide tour. His host, Lieutenant Colonel
1265:
Romancing the gun: the press as a promoter of military rule
821:"July 29,1966 counter-coup: Africa's bloodiest coup d'état"
491:
Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi was born into the family of
1311:"I lost control after we arrested Aguiyi Ironsi — Danjuma"
559:. From 1961 to 1962, Aguiyi-Ironsi served as the military
730:
on 30 August 2006, forty years after his father's death.
582:
In January 1966, a group of army officers, led by Major
579:
indigenous officer to head the entire Nigerian Army.
452:
on 29 July in the same year, by a group of mutinous
295:
Grand Commander of the Order of the Federal Republic
1645:
1605:
1585:
1554:
1534:
1506:
722:Aguiyi-Ironsi married to Victoria Ironsi. His son,
403:
395:
380:
372:
357:
326:
321:
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287:
279:
269:
259:
234:
205:
200:
186:
174:
162:
152:
134:
122:
110:
96:
75:
34:
1447:Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria
1363:Nwankwere, Lucky; Kilete, Molly (31 August 2006).
1173:"Ironsi, Fajuyi & 53 years of unitary system'"
1933:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies
1006:"What history tells us about the Royals and race"
979:
977:
441:. He was appointed to head the country after the
739:because it claimed to be Belgian parachutists.
1161:. University Press of America. pp. 56–57.
970:(Supplement). 11 September 1951. p. 4812.
456:officers and men. The revolt was led by Major
1713:
1480:
1047:(Supplement). 12 December 1958. p. 7654.
726:, was appointed to the position of Nigeria's
8:
1096:(Supplement). 29 December 1961. p. 43.
878:"Major General JTU Aguiyi-Ironsi Biography"
518:against the wishes of his sister, Anyamma.
2018:Royal West African Frontier Force officers
2003:Members of the Order of the British Empire
1720:
1706:
1698:
1487:
1473:
1465:
1428:
993:(Supplement). 13 April 1954. p. 2279.
950:(Supplement). 5 August 1949. p. 3793.
63:
31:
1988:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley
1687:*Civilian; headed transition to abortive
642:one, crystallized the conspiracy theory.
612:, the Federal Capital Territory. Also an
448:He ruled from 16 January 1966, until his
305:Member of the Order of the British Empire
136:General Officer Commanding, Nigerian Army
27:Military head of state of Nigeria in 1966
1391:"JOHNSON THOMAS UMUNNAKWE AGUIYI-IRONSI"
1056:
1054:
847:"JOHNSON THOMAS UMUNNAKWE AGUIYI-IRONSI"
479:and became popularly referred to as the
148:February 1965 – 15 January 1966
760:
92:16 January 1966 – 29 July 1966
1963:British Army personnel of World War II
1257:
1255:
1063:"General AguiyiIronsi: Life and times"
421:Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi
2028:Politicians assassinated in the 1960s
2023:Assassinated heads of state in Africa
557:United Nations Operation in the Congo
7:
1998:Members of the Royal Victorian Order
876:Obialo, Maduawuchi (27 March 2020).
1728:Chiefs of Army Staff (COAS) Nigeria
1239:"General Ironsi's Address May 1966"
1004:Dennison, Matthew (13 March 2021).
300:Member of the Royal Victorian Order
495:Ezeugo Aguiyi on 3 March 1924, in
25:
1983:20th-century Nigerian politicians
1948:Assassinated Nigerian politicians
537:Royal West African Frontier Force
439:military head of state of Nigeria
1525:
1201:"Nigeria: The Men of Sandhurst".
566:Royal College of Defence Studies
384:
361:
344:
331:
1451:16 January 1966 – 29 July 1966
1993:Chiefs of Army Staff (Nigeria)
1:
1157:Obotetukudo, Solomon (2011).
443:15 January 1966 military coup
638:structure in exchange for a
1606:Military regime (1983–1999)
1555:Military regime (1966–1979)
2044:
1978:People murdered in Nigeria
1968:People of the Congo Crisis
1859:Abdulrahman Bello Dambazau
665:1966 Nigerian counter-coup
662:
597:
1943:Heads of state of Nigeria
1733:
1685:
1523:
1453:
1444:
1436:
1431:
600:1966 Nigerian coup d'état
414:
196:
181:Christopher Welby-Everard
141:
85:
71:
62:
1953:Leaders ousted by a coup
693:Arrest and assassination
529:Staff College, Camberley
80:Head of State of Nigeria
2008:1966 murders in Nigeria
1787:Mohammed Inuwa Wushishi
1775:Ipoola Alani Akinrinade
749:Nigerian First Republic
677:, military governor of
606:Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu
1389:smile (30 June 2020).
1342:. Algora. p. 63.
1268:. Africa World Press.
1061:Cyril (29 July 2020).
845:smile (30 June 2020).
399:Commander, 2nd Brigade
274:Victoria Aguiyi-Ironsi
2013:Genocide perpetrators
1739:Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi
1336:Siollun, Max (2009).
663:Further information:
659:The July counter coup
570:1962 New Year Honours
460:and included Captain
373:Years of service
41:Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi
1811:Aliyu Mohammed Gusau
1262:Uko, Ndaeyo (2004).
1217:Daily Advent Nigeria
1112:www.umuahiaibeku.com
921:news-af.feednews.com
724:Thomas Aguiyi-Ironsi
594:Fall of the Republic
1938:People from Umuahia
1877:Tukur Yusuf Buratai
1841:Martin Luther Agwai
221:, Southern Region,
1865:Azubuike Ihejirika
1847:Owoye Andrew Azazi
1835:Alexander Ogomudia
1769:Theophilus Danjuma
1432:Political offices
1401:on 28 October 2021
1093:The London Gazette
1044:The London Gazette
990:The London Gazette
967:The London Gazette
947:The London Gazette
882:Nigerian Infopedia
857:on 28 October 2021
687:Theophilus Danjuma
462:Theophilus Danjuma
1958:Nigerian generals
1928:Military attachés
1905:
1904:
1793:Ibrahim Babangida
1695:
1694:
1646:President of the
1586:President of the
1535:President of the
1463:
1462:
1454:Succeeded by
1137:countrystudies.us
481:July counter-coup
473:Ibrahim Babangida
454:Northern Nigerian
418:
417:
407:Force Commander,
105:Babafemi Ogundipe
16:(Redirected from
2035:
1973:Igbo politicians
1883:Ibrahim Attahiru
1722:
1715:
1708:
1699:
1627:
1529:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1466:
1437:Preceded by
1429:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1397:. Archived from
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
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1280:
1279:
1259:
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1229:
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1209:
1203:
1195:
1189:
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1147:
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1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
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1058:
1049:
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1026:
1024:
1001:
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994:
981:
972:
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958:
952:
951:
938:
932:
931:
929:
927:
913:
907:
906:
899:
893:
892:
890:
888:
873:
867:
866:
864:
862:
853:. Archived from
842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
817:
811:
810:
808:
806:
791:
785:
784:
782:
780:
765:
728:Defence Minister
584:Chukwuma Nzeogwu
516:Nigeria Regiment
469:Muhammadu Buhari
458:Murtala Mohammed
436:
427:
388:
365:
350:
348:
347:
337:
335:
334:
322:Military service
283:Military officer
241:
215:
213:
201:Personal details
189:
177:
165:
146:
125:
113:
101:
90:
67:
57:
48:
32:
21:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2032:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1895:Taoreed Lagbaja
1871:Kenneth Minimah
1729:
1726:
1696:
1691:
1681:
1648:Fourth Republic
1641:
1625:
1601:
1588:Second Republic
1581:
1550:
1530:
1521:
1502:
1493:
1459:
1450:
1442:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1404:
1402:
1395:Glimpse Nigeria
1388:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1350:
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1330:
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1276:
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1232:
1222:
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1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1179:. 4 August 2019
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1126:
1116:
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1106:
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1101:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1067:The Sun Nigeria
1060:
1059:
1052:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1020:
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1002:
998:
983:
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923:
915:
914:
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901:
900:
896:
886:
884:
875:
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870:
860:
858:
851:Glimpse Nigeria
844:
843:
839:
829:
827:
819:
818:
814:
804:
802:
795:"Aguiyi-ironsi"
793:
792:
788:
778:
776:
768:Nowa, Omoigui.
767:
766:
762:
757:
745:
736:
720:
707:
695:
679:Western Nigeria
675:Adekunle Fajuyi
667:
661:
631:
602:
596:
524:
522:Military career
489:
475:and Lieutenant
428:
423:
345:
343:
342:
332:
330:
309:
264:None (military)
260:Political party
243:
239:
225:
223:British Nigeria
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111:
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49:
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28:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
2041:
2039:
2031:
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2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1805:Salihu Ibrahim
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1757:Hassan Katsina
1754:
1748:
1742:
1735:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1689:Third Republic
1686:
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1574:
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1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1540:
1537:First Republic
1532:
1531:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1513:
1511:
1504:
1503:
1496:Heads of state
1494:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1469:
1461:
1460:
1455:
1452:
1443:
1440:Nnamdi Azikiwe
1438:
1434:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1419:
1418:External links
1416:
1413:
1412:
1381:
1369:Online Nigeria
1355:
1348:
1328:
1317:. 28 July 2019
1302:
1290:"1966: Ironsi"
1281:
1274:
1251:
1230:
1204:
1190:
1164:
1149:
1124:
1099:
1079:
1050:
1030:
996:
973:
953:
933:
908:
894:
868:
837:
812:
801:. 30 July 2016
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618:Nnamdi Azikiwe
598:Main article:
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358:Branch/service
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339:British Empire
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38:
37:Major General
33:
30:
19:
1889:Faruk Yahaya
1823:Alwali Kazir
1745:Yakubu Gowon
1738:
1561:
1517:Elizabeth II
1457:Yakubu Gowon
1445:
1403:. Retrieved
1399:the original
1394:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1368:
1358:
1338:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1314:
1305:
1293:. Retrieved
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1221:. Retrieved
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1181:. Retrieved
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1111:
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1070:. Retrieved
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1021:. Retrieved
1009:
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988:
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920:
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885:. Retrieved
881:
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859:. Retrieved
855:the original
850:
840:
828:. Retrieved
824:
815:
803:. Retrieved
798:
789:
777:. Retrieved
773:
763:
737:
721:
708:
699:Ahmadu Bello
696:
683:Yakubu Gowon
668:
648:human rights
644:
632:
623:Nwafor Orizu
616:, President
603:
588:
581:
577:
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554:
551:
547:Elizabeth II
544:
541:
525:
513:
490:
447:
420:
419:
263:
240:(1966-07-29)
238:29 July 1966
216:3 March 1924
192:Yakubu Gowon
188:Succeeded by
143:
129:Yakubu Gowon
124:Succeeded by
87:
29:
1923:1966 deaths
1918:1924 births
1891:(2021–2023)
1879:(2015–2021)
1873:(2014–2015)
1867:(2010–2014)
1861:(2008–2010)
1855:(2007–2008)
1849:(2006–2007)
1843:(2003–2006)
1837:(2001–2003)
1831:(1999–2001)
1829:Victor Malu
1825:(1994–1996)
1819:(1993–1994)
1807:(1990–1993)
1801:(1985–1990)
1799:Sani Abacha
1795:(1984–1985)
1789:(1981–1983)
1783:(1980–1981)
1781:Gibson Jalo
1777:(1979–1980)
1771:(1975–1979)
1765:(1971–1975)
1763:David Ejoor
1759:(1968–1971)
1753:(1967–1968)
1741:(1965–1966)
1650:(from 1999)
1590:(1979–1983)
1539:(1963–1966)
1510:(1960–1963)
1177:guardian.ng
1088:"No. 42555"
1039:"No. 41573"
985:"No. 40148"
962:"No. 39332"
942:"No. 38682"
805:28 February
779:6 September
493:Igbo people
477:Sani Abacha
176:Preceded by
112:Preceded by
1912:Categories
1853:Luka Yusuf
1817:Chris Alli
1374:25 January
1295:5 February
1244:5 February
887:28 January
861:28 January
774:Dawodu.com
755:References
505:Abia State
487:Early life
466:Lieutenant
327:Allegiance
317:"Ironside"
280:Occupation
255:), Nigeria
230:, Nigeria)
228:Abia State
212:1924-03-03
1626:(interim)
1618:Babangida
1018:0307-1235
503:, now in
376:1942–1966
341:(to 1960)
253:Oyo State
153:President
144:In office
88:In office
1667:Jonathan
1662:Yar'Adua
1657:Obasanjo
1637:Abubakar
1623:Shonekan
1577:Obasanjo
1572:Mohammed
825:Vanguard
743:See also
404:Commands
314:Nickname
251:(now in
226:(now in
1897:(2023–)
1597:Shagari
1546:Azikiwe
1500:Nigeria
1072:20 June
640:unitary
636:federal
561:attaché
533:England
509:Nigeria
501:Umuahia
352:Nigeria
245:Lalupon
219:Umuahia
1885:(2021)
1813:(1993)
1747:(1966)
1677:Tinubu
1672:Buhari
1632:Abacha
1613:Buhari
1405:25 May
1346:
1321:25 May
1272:
1223:25 May
1183:9 July
1142:25 May
1117:9 July
1023:24 May
1016:
926:9 July
830:6 July
705:Legend
671:Ibadan
572:list.
349:
336:
288:Awards
270:Spouse
18:Ironsi
1567:Gowon
1508:Queen
734:Award
610:Lagos
497:Ibeku
432:
53:
1407:2021
1376:2007
1344:ISBN
1323:2021
1297:2017
1270:ISBN
1246:2017
1225:2021
1185:2020
1144:2021
1119:2020
1074:2024
1025:2021
1014:ISSN
928:2020
889:2021
863:2021
832:2024
807:2022
781:2021
712:Igbo
614:Igbo
425:GCFR
409:ONUC
396:Unit
381:Rank
235:Died
206:Born
46:GCFR
1498:of
434:MBE
430:MVO
77:2nd
55:MBE
51:MVO
1914::
1393:.
1367:.
1313:.
1254:^
1215:.
1175:.
1135:.
1110:.
1090:.
1065:.
1053:^
1041:.
1012:.
1008:.
987:.
976:^
964:.
944:.
919:.
880:.
849:.
823:.
797:.
772:.
714:.
689:.
531:,
507:,
499:,
483:.
464:,
445:.
247:,
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1628:*
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1378:.
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1278:.
1248:.
1227:.
1187:.
1146:.
1121:.
1076:.
1027:.
930:.
905:.
891:.
865:.
834:.
809:.
783:.
214:)
210:(
20:)
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