100:
211:
318:
2112:
692:
546:
435:
The ruins of Isaura Palaea are mainly remarkable for their fine situation, fortifications and tombs. Those of Isaura Nea have disappeared, but numerous inscriptions and many sculpture stelae, built into the houses of
487:
makes mention of Isaura, or
Isauropolis, Ramsay supposes that the Diocese of Isaura Nova was early joined with that of Leontopolis, the more recent name of Isaura Palaea which is mentioned in all the "Notitiae".
372:
for administrative purposes from the northern slope of Taurus. A province called at first
Isauria-Lycaonia, and later Isauria alone, extended up to the limits of Galatia, but not past Taurus on the south.
2141:
810:
451:
Ramsay discovered there more than fifty Greek inscriptions, the greater number
Christian, as well as magnificent tombs. These monuments date from the third, fourth, and fifth centuries.
344:
The
Isaurians were brought partially under control (76–75 BC) by the Romans. During the war of the Cilician and other pirates against Rome, the Isaurians took so active a part that the
351:
deemed it necessary to follow them into their rugged strongholds, and compel the whole people to submission, an exploit for which he received the title of
Isauricus (75 BC).
388:
as the scourge of the neighbouring provinces of Asia Minor, with a major series of raids occurring from AD 404 to 409, including one campaign to eradicate them led by the
333:
as part of
Isauria, which thus extended to the Mediterranean Sea; and this extension of the name continued to be in common use for two centuries. The whole basin of the
803:
665:
348:
99:
377:, part of which had hitherto been included in one province with Isauria, was also detached, and made to include Iconium; Isauria received the eastern part of
354:
In the year AD 6, Cassius Dio mentions that the
Isaurians were marauding through the province of Asia until they were faced with open war and were defeated.
1943:
796:
570:
415:, who reigned from 695 to 698. The empire used Isaurians as soldiers, generals and at one point they even formed part of the emperor's personal guard, the
210:
2146:
361:; but it is evident that they continued to retain their predatory habits and virtual independence. In the 3rd century they sheltered the rebel emperor
471:
739:
1316:
561:
317:
1465:
649:
598:
2111:
1936:
1890:
1141:
702:
1209:
1133:
1122:
726:
Das frühe
Christentum im kilikisch-isaurischen Bergland. Die Christen der Kalykadnos-Region in den ersten fünf Jahrhunderten
874:
established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the
2136:
1276:
910:
1713:
819:
1196:
497:
440:, prove the site. It was the latter, and not the former town, that Servilius reduced by cutting off the water supply.
1929:
788:
1393:
1335:
1146:
1733:
1718:
1542:
1271:
1218:
1214:
1176:
1108:
929:
637:
91:
778:
is nicknamed "the
Isaurian" and his dynasty is often called the Isaurian dynasty, the emperor was actually of
1537:
1484:
1421:
1261:
1251:
1080:
1050:
590:
445:
678:
Ramsay, Studies in the
History and Art of the Eastern Provinces of the Roman Empire (Aberdeen, 1906), 25–58
1743:
1186:
1070:
460:
180:
1758:
1527:
1340:
1266:
859:
707:
632:
Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World, eds., G.W. Bowersock, Peter Brown, & Oleg Grabar
483:
337:
was reckoned Isaurian, and the cities in the valley of its southern branch formed what was known as the
309:'s death, the Isaurians set the place alight and let it perish in flames rather than submit to capture.
274:
plain; but Isauria began as soon as the foothills were reached. Its two original towns, Isaura Nea and
1181:
1896:
1413:
1065:
897:
867:
775:
557:
467:
420:
385:
283:
191:, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering what is now the district of
1902:
1857:
1675:
1665:
1327:
1156:
1103:
1098:
871:
723:
502:
306:
444:
explored in the highland of Isauria in 1885 but it was not exhaustive. The site was identified by
1753:
1728:
1635:
1610:
1499:
1383:
1233:
1045:
842:
659:
506:
419:. However, the population of Constantinople considered the Isaurians as barbarians, and emperor
358:
338:
245:
who marauded and created havoc in neighboring districts under Macedonian and Roman occupations.
110:
in the Greco-Roman period. The classical regions and their main settlements, including Isauria.
1952:
1880:
1587:
1577:
1572:
1476:
1446:
1243:
1093:
984:
974:
949:
944:
735:
645:
641:
630:
594:
441:
289:
In the 4th century BC, Isauria was the wild district about Isaura Palaea and the heads of the
53:
695: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
2131:
1816:
1811:
1768:
1723:
1630:
1375:
1365:
1355:
1303:
1040:
1032:
551:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
408:
389:
258:
The permanent nucleus of Isauria was north of the Taurus range which lies directly south of
153:
124:
2101:
1796:
1786:
1693:
1645:
1600:
1519:
1441:
1426:
1345:
1088:
992:
964:
939:
921:
779:
330:
242:
86:
75:
2061:
1806:
1801:
1791:
1738:
1683:
1494:
1388:
1360:
1350:
1228:
1017:
1012:
969:
959:
404:
196:
20:
2125:
1688:
1640:
1605:
1595:
1504:
1204:
1007:
1002:
954:
934:
863:
847:
696:
565:
552:
381:. The coastal Metropolis of Seleucia was designated as Isauria's provincial capital.
294:
275:
220:
63:
1886:
1703:
1698:
1650:
1436:
1403:
1398:
1223:
997:
875:
424:
362:
326:
279:
200:
728:(Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur, vol. 184)
481:
451. is called in inscriptions bishop of Isauropolis and Isaura Palaea and as no
2076:
2071:
2066:
1909:
1781:
1748:
1660:
1615:
1489:
1431:
416:
397:
882:
and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.
2041:
1966:
1776:
1620:
1022:
851:
393:
369:
334:
290:
230:
188:
103:
587:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1
329:
first encountered the Isaurians (early in the 1st century BC), they regarded
218:
It derives its name from the warlike Isaurian tribe and the twin settlements
2091:
2006:
1562:
1451:
1060:
1055:
378:
345:
298:
192:
187:), in ancient geography, is a rugged, isolated district in the interior of
2016:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1655:
1625:
1547:
1256:
1171:
879:
412:
267:
107:
43:
574:. Vol. 14 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 866.
297:), a strongly fortified city at the foot of Mt. Taurus, was besieged by
2086:
2081:
2056:
2050:
2046:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2001:
1986:
1971:
1852:
1567:
1509:
1166:
1161:
1151:
478:
374:
302:
271:
259:
204:
79:
396:, but they were said to have been effectually subdued in the reign of
1862:
263:
70:
1921:
1908: Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by
407:, whose native name was Tarasicodissa Rousoumbladadiotes; his son,
2096:
1557:
1552:
1532:
437:
357:
The Isaurians were afterwards placed for a time under the rule of
209:
98:
1272:
Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy)
1925:
1841:
1301:
895:
831:
792:
368:
In the early 4th century, all Cilicia was detached by order of
466:
The Isaurian church was originally under the authority of the
278:, lay, one among these foothills (Doria) and the other on the
165:
136:
171:
168:
156:
142:
139:
127:
866:. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of
293:. When the capital, Isaura (also known as Isaura Vetus or
286:), located at approximately 37°29′N 32°12′E near Bozkir.
782:
origin, with his original name being Conon (or Cononus).
2142:
States and territories established in the 4th century
162:
133:
463:, the only Roman colony in the region by that time.
1959:
1767:
1674:
1586:
1518:
1475:
1464:
1412:
1374:
1326:
1315:
1242:
1195:
1132:
1121:
1079:
1031:
983:
920:
909:
159:
130:
85:
69:
59:
49:
38:
28:
629:
403:Some Byzantine emperors were of Isaurian descent:
711:. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
423:had to fight a long war against Isaurian rebels (
734:. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter. pp. 110–118.
384:In the 4th century they were still described by
1937:
1889:by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate
804:
8:
664:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1912:'s administrative reorganization in 534–536
1944:
1930:
1922:
1838:
1472:
1323:
1312:
1298:
1129:
917:
906:
892:
828:
811:
797:
789:
203:. In its coastal extension it bordered on
25:
846:. Provincial administration reformed and
623:
621:
619:
321:Plan of the ruins of Isaura (Davis, 1879)
820:Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
316:
241:The Isaurians were fiercely independent
767:
519:
78:/Intermittently independent along with
657:
628:Edwards, Robert W., "Isauria" (1999).
474:in the late 7th or early 8th century.
459:It is argued that Paul evangelised in
7:
686:
684:
16:Ancient district of South Asia Minor
754:Le Quien, "Oriens christ.", I, 1085
14:
2147:Provinces of the Byzantine Empire
705:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
214:Location of Isauria in Asia Minor
2110:
1252:Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana)
878:in c. 640–660, although in
690:
544:
152:
123:
862:established after the death of
1210:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
1134:Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy
199:of Turkey, or the core of the
1:
1277:Tripolitania (Roman province)
855:
636:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
195:and its surroundings in the
1885: Re-established after
1197:Diocese of Annonarian Italy
498:Ancient regions of Anatolia
472:Patriarch of Constantinople
19:For the genus of moth, see
2163:
722:Pilhofer, Philipp (2017).
470:, but was attached to the
184:
34:Ancient region of Anatolia
18:
2108:
1875:
1858:Quaestura exercitus (536)
1848:
1837:
1311:
1297:
905:
891:
838:
827:
613:Cassius Dio, Bk 55, Ch 28
585:Rogers, Clifford (2010).
97:
33:
1734:Palaestina III Salutaris
930:Alpes Poeninae et Graiae
701:Vailhé, Siméon (1910). "
638:Harvard University Press
359:Amyntas, king of Galatia
1901: Placed under the
1262:Mauretania Caesariensis
1081:Diocese of the Britains
591:Oxford University Press
571:Encyclopædia Britannica
224:(Ἰσαυρα Παλαιά, Latin:
1744:Phoenice II Libanensis
1447:Macedonia II Salutaris
860:praetorian prefectures
822:(4th–7th centuries AD)
455:Ecclesiastical history
322:
215:
111:
1466:Praetorian prefecture
1341:Noricum mediterraneum
1317:Praetorian prefecture
1267:Mauretania Sitifensis
1162:Picenum Suburbicarium
1123:Praetorian prefecture
911:Praetorian prefecture
858: 293. Permanent
708:Catholic Encyclopedia
558:Hogarth, David George
320:
213:
102:
2137:Late Roman provinces
1897:Diocese of Illyricum
1891:Prefecture of Africa
1646:Galatia II Salutaris
1414:Diocese of Macedonia
1304:Eastern Roman Empire
1066:Mauretania Tingitana
898:Western Roman Empire
484:Notitia episcopatuum
468:Patriarch of Antioch
386:Ammianus Marcellinus
234:(Ἰσαυρα Νέα, Latin:
1903:Quaestura exercitus
1676:Diocese of the East
1666:Pontus Polemoniacus
1328:Diocese of Pannonia
1157:Lucania et Bruttium
1104:Maxima Caesariensis
1099:Flavia Caesariensis
503:Olba (ancient city)
307:Alexander the Great
1754:Syria II Salutaris
1611:Armenian Satrapies
1384:Dacia Mediterranea
1306:(395–c. 640)
1234:Venetia et Histria
1142:Apulia et Calabria
843:Notitia Dignitatum
507:Hellenistic period
339:Isaurian Decapolis
323:
228:'Old Isaura') and
216:
112:
2119:
2118:
1953:Anatolian peoples
1919:
1918:
1881:Septem Provinciae
1871:
1870:
1843:Other territories
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1616:Armenia III (536)
1588:Diocese of Pontus
1578:Phrygia Salutaris
1573:Phrygia Pacatiana
1477:Diocese of Thrace
1460:
1459:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1244:Diocese of Africa
1117:
1116:
985:Diocese of Vienne
975:Maxima Sequanorum
887:
886:
741:978-3-11-057381-7
442:J. R. S. Sterrett
116:
115:
2154:
2114:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1923:
1895: Later the
1879: Later the
1839:
1817:Thebais Inferior
1812:Thebais Superior
1769:Diocese of Egypt
1759:Theodorias (528)
1621:Armenia IV (536)
1473:
1376:Diocese of Dacia
1366:Valeria ripensis
1324:
1313:
1299:
1182:Tuscia et Umbria
1130:
1033:Diocese of Spain
918:
907:
893:
857:
840:As found in the
829:
813:
806:
799:
790:
783:
772:
755:
752:
746:
745:
733:
719:
713:
712:
694:
693:
688:
679:
676:
670:
669:
663:
655:
635:
625:
614:
611:
605:
604:
582:
576:
575:
550:
548:
547:
541:
509:city in Isauria.
477:Because Aetius,
201:Taurus Mountains
186:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
158:
149:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
129:
26:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2106:
1955:
1950:
1920:
1915:
1867:
1844:
1821:
1797:Augustamnica II
1763:
1670:
1582:
1520:Diocese of Asia
1514:
1467:
1456:
1442:Macedonia Prima
1408:
1370:
1346:Noricum ripense
1318:
1307:
1281:
1238:
1191:
1124:
1113:
1075:
1027:
993:Alpes Maritimae
979:
965:Lugdunensis III
922:Diocese of Gaul
912:
901:
900:(395–476)
883:
850:established by
834:
823:
817:
787:
786:
773:
769:
764:
759:
758:
753:
749:
742:
731:
721:
720:
716:
700:
691:
689:
682:
677:
673:
656:
652:
627:
626:
617:
612:
608:
601:
584:
583:
579:
556:
545:
543:
542:
521:
516:
494:
457:
433:
331:Cilicia Trachea
315:
284:Zengibar Kalesi
256:
251:
243:mountain people
238:'New Isaura').
155:
151:
126:
122:
71:Persian satrapy
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2160:
2158:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2062:Palaic peoples
2059:
2054:
2044:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1893:
1883:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Libya Inferior
1804:
1802:Libya Superior
1799:
1794:
1792:Augustamnica I
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1592:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1548:Lycaonia (370)
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1389:Dacia Ripensis
1386:
1380:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1332:
1330:
1321:
1309:
1308:
1302:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1127:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1051:Carthaginensis
1048:
1043:
1037:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:Novempopulania
1015:
1013:Narbonensis II
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
989:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
970:Lugdunensis IV
967:
962:
960:Lugdunensis II
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
926:
924:
915:
903:
902:
896:
889:
888:
885:
884:
839:
836:
835:
832:
825:
824:
818:
816:
815:
808:
801:
793:
785:
784:
766:
765:
763:
760:
757:
756:
747:
740:
714:
680:
671:
650:
615:
606:
599:
593:. p. 42.
577:
566:Chisholm, Hugh
518:
517:
515:
512:
511:
510:
500:
493:
490:
456:
453:
432:
429:
411:; and perhaps
314:
311:
255:
252:
250:
247:
197:Konya Province
114:
113:
95:
94:
89:
87:Roman province
83:
82:
73:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
42:South-Western
40:
36:
35:
31:
30:
21:Isauria (moth)
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2159:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2113:
2103:
2102:West Pontians
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2072:Paphlagonians
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
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305:regent after
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295:Isaura Palaea
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41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1996:
1967:Cappadocians
1863:Spania (552)
1724:Palaestina I
1708:
1704:Euphratensis
1651:Helenopontus
1631:Cappadocia I
1538:Hellespontus
1437:Epirus Vetus
1404:Praevalitana
1319:of Illyricum
1109:Valentia (?)
1094:Britannia II
998:Aquitanica I
876:theme system
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631:
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461:Claudiopolis
458:
450:
446:W. M. Ramsay
434:
427:, 492–497).
425:Isaurian War
421:Anastasius I
402:
383:
367:
363:Trebellianus
356:
353:
349:P. Servilius
343:
324:
288:
270:had all the
257:
240:
235:
229:
226:Isaura Vetus
225:
219:
217:
118:
117:
60:Biggest city
2077:Philistines
2067:Pamphylians
1910:Justinian I
1782:Aegyptus II
1714:Mesopotamia
1661:Paphlagonia
1490:Haemimontus
1468:of the East
1432:Epirus Nova
1356:Pannonia II
1089:Britannia I
950:Germania II
640:. pp.
417:Excubitores
398:Justinian I
236:Isaura Nova
2126:Categories
2042:Mariandyni
2017:Lycaonians
1977:Cataonians
1887:reconquest
1777:Aegyptus I
1739:Phoenice I
1694:Cilicia II
1601:Armenia II
1351:Pannonia I
1023:Viennensis
945:Germania I
940:Belgica II
880:Asia Minor
852:Diocletian
514:References
394:Arbazacius
370:Diocletian
335:Calycadnus
313:Roman rule
303:Macedonian
291:Calycadnus
231:Isaura Nea
189:Asia Minor
104:Asia Minor
2092:Telchines
2082:Pisidians
2036:Maeonians
2007:Leucosyri
1997:Isaurians
1987:Cilicians
1689:Cilicia I
1641:Galatia I
1596:Armenia I
1563:Pamphylia
1495:Moesia II
1452:Thessalia
1229:Raetia II
1061:Lusitania
1056:Gallaecia
1046:Balearica
935:Belgica I
660:cite book
560:(1911). "
448:in 1901.
379:Pamphylia
346:proconsul
325:When the
299:Perdiccas
280:watershed
2026:Termilae
1992:Hittites
1982:Caucones
1656:Honorias
1626:Bithynia
1399:Moesia I
1394:Dardania
1336:Dalmatia
1257:Byzacena
1224:Raetia I
1172:Sardinia
1147:Campania
1125:of Italy
848:dioceses
492:See also
413:Leontius
392:general
268:Lycaonia
108:Anatolia
54:Isaurian
50:Language
44:Anatolia
39:Location
2132:Isauria
2097:Trojans
2087:Sidians
2057:Mysians
2047:Milyans
2032:Lydians
2022:Lycians
2012:Luwians
2002:Leleges
1972:Carians
1960:Peoples
1853:Taurica
1787:Arcadia
1749:Syria I
1719:Osroene
1709:Isauria
1568:Pisidia
1543:Islands
1510:Thracia
1505:Scythia
1500:Rhodope
1219:Aemilia
1215:Liguria
1187:Valeria
1177:Sicilia
1167:Samnium
1152:Corsica
1041:Baetica
913:of Gaul
868:Ravenna
833:History
776:Leo III
699::
642:515–516
568:(ed.).
562:Isauria
555::
375:Pisidia
272:Iconian
260:Iconium
249:History
205:Cilicia
185:Ἰσαυρία
119:Isauria
92:Galatia
80:Pisidia
76:Phrygia
29:Isauria
2051:Solymi
1905:in 536
1699:Cyprus
1684:Arabia
1485:Europa
1422:Achaea
872:Africa
780:Syriac
774:While
738:
703:Isaura
648:
597:
564:". In
549:
409:Leo II
327:Romans
301:, the
264:Lystra
193:Bozkır
1558:Lydia
1553:Lycia
1533:Caria
1427:Creta
1361:Savia
762:Notes
732:(PDF)
438:Dorla
431:Later
254:Early
1528:Asia
870:and
736:ISBN
666:link
646:ISBN
595:ISBN
405:Zeno
262:and
1217:et
166:ɔːr
150:or
137:ɔːr
2128::
856:c.
854:,
683:^
662:}}
658:{{
644:.
618:^
589:.
522:^
505:–
479:fl
400:.
365:.
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266:.
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183::
179:;
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2024:(
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1938:t
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163:s
160:ˈ
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143:ə
140:i
134:z
131:ˈ
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121:(
106:/
23:.
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