20:
116:
237:
452:, Gusrizal Gazahar, argued that Islam Nusantara is an unnecessary addition to the "already perfect" Islam, and it is linked too closely or belongs to a certain group (i.e. Nahdlatul Ulama). There has been a circulating accusation that it might stray and develop to become a new religion. In response, in December 2019 the chief executive of the Nahdlatul Ulama, Robikin Emhas, emphasized that Islam Nusantara is not a new religion, and explained that it is a religious understanding that accommodates local wisdom and traditional Indonesian practices, that are not contrary to the teachings of Islam according to the
335:. Compared to their Middle East Muslims counterpart, Indonesian Muslims has enjoyed a relative peace and harmony for decades. This was owed to Indonesians interpretation of Islam which is more moderate, inclusive and tolerant. Indonesia—as the world's largest Muslim population, could to contribute to the evolution of Islamic world, by offering its brand of Islam as an alternative to Saudi's Wahhabism. Thus subsequently, Islam Nusantara was identified, formulated, coined and promoted.
442:, another influential Islamic organization in Indonesia—although not directly opposed to the concept, has stressed that the term Islam Nusantara should be addressed cautiously and proportionally, not to undermine and repress other branches of Islam, different understandings, or other doctrines of Islam. If Islam Nusantara is favoured, adopted, elevated and promoted by the state, they feared that other Islamic branches would suffer persecution and discrimination.
1206:
472:
486:
355:
374:
rather than political position. In its relations to local culture, Islam
Nusantara uses a sympathetic cultural approach on teaching Islam; it did not destroy, disrupt or supplant the native culture, but on the contrary embraces, honor, nurture and preserves local culture. One of the main
320:(PKS) have been actively involved in Indonesian politics in recent years, undermining the traditionalist Islamic institution especially Nahdlatul Ulama. Those Islamist elements in Indonesian politics are suspiciously regarded as weakening and harming the secular state ideology
65:
According to NU, the roots of Islam in the archipelago can be traced back to at least the 16th century, as a result of interaction, contextualization, indigenization, interpretation and vernacularization of universal
Islamic values, according to
1074:
228:
that corrupted the purity of Islam. This condition has led to the ongoing religious dispute, uneasy coexistence and somewhat a spiritual rivalry, between traditionalist
Nahdlatul Ulama and modernist puritan
392:(religious teacher). The students require the on-going guidance of their religious teacher, in order not to go astray or develop false or radical ideas. Another distinctive aspect is the emphasis on
1043:
883:
1697:
19:
1978:
1104:
703:
327:
Moderate
Indonesian Muslim scholars, especially those traditionalist of Nahdlatul Ulama background, suggest that Indonesian Muslims are distinct; there is a difference between the
1066:
823:
166:
Early practices of
Indonesian Islam were more or less influenced by Sufism and existing local spiritualism. Several traditions, such as revering and recognizing the authority of
971:
763:
634:
147:. By the 16th century, Islam began to supplant Hinduism and Buddhism as the major faith in the archipelago. The traditional Islam in Indonesia mainly belongs to the
1625:
1142:
1682:
564:
912:
598:
384:
boarding schools. As the result, it is based on traditional eastern notions of decorum and mannerism; it emphasizes honoring the status and authority of
1035:
853:
875:
1013:
733:
1635:
2400:
1096:
941:
673:
101:
openly expressed his support for Islam
Nusantara, which in his view is the moderate form of Islam compatible to Indonesian cultural values.
1755:
1630:
298:
695:
115:
2346:
1615:
304:
In recent years, there has been a rise of fundamentalism and religious intolerance in
Indonesia. Internally, some of foreign and local
815:
793:
370:(compassionate), anti-radical, inclusive and tolerant. Tawasut by "moderate" here connotes the Sunni Islamic theological position of
261:, Indonesian moderate Islamic scholars noticed that some of these conflicts were having religious aspects, especially the problem of
1523:
1266:
667:
250:
236:
375:
characteristic of Islam
Nusantara is the consideration of local Indonesian culture in forming their fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).
2431:
2013:
1135:
963:
432:. Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, PKS and FPI has openly opposed the Islam Nusantara. Islam Nusantara has been criticized as a somewhat
342:
agreed on the definition of the concept of Islam
Nusantara, and emphasized that Islam Nusantara Islam is not a new school, a new
163:
boarding school, especially in Java. Some aspects of traditional Islam in
Indonesia has incorporated local culture and customs.
1750:
524:
755:
2341:
1988:
346:
or a new sect, but an understanding of Islam that respects the culture and traditions of Nusantara (Indonesian archipelago).
282:
420:, or other similar doctrine that seeks to "purify" Islam from any "un-Islamic" local elements, which are often condemned as
74:. Islam Nusantara is defined as an interpretation of Islam that takes into account local Indonesian customs in forming its
2395:
2390:
1640:
626:
534:
2326:
2096:
1855:
1435:
509:
397:
396:(blessings for the universe) as Islamic universal value, which promote peace, tolerance, mutual respects and a somewhat
124:
2421:
2321:
1128:
297:
has dominated the global discourse of Islam for decades. The wary sentiments were aggravated further by the advent of
1714:
514:
2426:
2377:
2108:
1968:
1826:
1578:
436:
form of Islam, which undermines the "perfectness" and singularity of Islam and corrupted the unity of the ummah.
317:
1227:
412:
Islam Nusantara has been fiercely opposed and criticized by other branches of Islam, especially by adherents of
2101:
1903:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1719:
1645:
1465:
904:
556:
449:
1298:
590:
1232:
1860:
1806:
1655:
1620:
1610:
1483:
1165:
845:
499:
309:
47:
1953:
1811:
1770:
1660:
1548:
1400:
1362:
1170:
270:
204:
ceremony, were observed diligently by traditionalist Muslims in Indonesia. However, after the incoming of
87:
79:
51:
1303:
135:
merchants and preachers for bringing Islam to Indonesian islands in the 12th or 13th century either from
2367:
1983:
1709:
1650:
1425:
1005:
1239:
725:
1918:
1908:
1692:
1420:
1405:
371:
321:
91:
1958:
1913:
1508:
313:
127:
was a slow, gradual and relatively peaceful process. One theory suggests it arrived directly from
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2113:
2037:
1963:
1883:
1665:
1445:
1377:
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1151:
933:
332:
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205:
110:
67:
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Islam Nusantara was developed locally in indigenous educational institutions of traditionalist
2299:
2194:
1948:
1898:
1893:
1729:
1573:
1528:
1410:
1367:
1335:
1271:
663:
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266:
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2155:
2031:
1816:
1734:
1704:
1563:
1493:
696:"Mitos Kerukunan Antara Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah (Bagian Pertama) | DW | 30.01.2018"
477:
278:
258:
2064:
1244:
785:
2336:
2331:
1943:
1878:
1687:
1538:
1382:
1291:
504:
83:
55:
2172:
2134:
1888:
1873:
1558:
1553:
1533:
1503:
1488:
1372:
1345:
1251:
1205:
2415:
2362:
2179:
2128:
1760:
1724:
1450:
1340:
529:
422:
214:
2273:
2268:
1821:
1670:
1518:
1498:
1440:
1415:
1325:
1320:
1261:
1256:
491:
446:
439:
294:
230:
519:
2069:
46:
is a term used to refer to the empirical form of Islam that was developed in the
2278:
1780:
1568:
1455:
1430:
1355:
1350:
1315:
328:
254:
144:
98:
54:). This term was introduced and promoted by the Indonesian Islamic organization
428:
2145:
1973:
1865:
1605:
1543:
1460:
1330:
1310:
1286:
1175:
467:
225:
171:
2059:
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2230:
2224:
1925:
1276:
433:
413:
380:
209:
188:
159:
71:
59:
220:
212:
from Arabia, the scriptural Islamic puritans denounced those traditions as
2257:
2235:
2206:
2199:
2150:
1675:
417:
305:
274:
2216:
2140:
2123:
2086:
2081:
2047:
1188:
1183:
354:
343:
290:
241:
200:
176:
136:
24:
2240:
2189:
2184:
2160:
2118:
2091:
2076:
2052:
2042:
1801:
1193:
1120:
457:
338:
In March 2019, the Nahdlatul Ulama's Alim Ulama National Conference (
286:
194:
182:
132:
128:
28:
1067:"Muhammadiyah: Istilah Islam Nusantara Harus Digunakan Proporsional"
756:"Indonesia and Terrorism: Success, Failure, and an Uncertain Future"
192:
ceremony to send the spirit of deceased one to the afterworld), and
993:
Al-Tawassuṭ wa-l I‘tidāl: The NU and Moderatism in Indonesian Islam
198:(commemorating the prophet Muhammad's birthday) including Javanese
2288:
2023:
2018:
1513:
656:
Nina Nurmila (2013-01-31). Jajat Burhanudin, Kees van Dijk (ed.).
453:
401:
353:
235:
148:
140:
114:
32:
18:
358:
Boys and girls students are studying together in their classroom.
301:
in 2013 that performed abhorred war crimes in the name of Islam.
2283:
2263:
2008:
153:
75:
1124:
1036:"Islam Itu Sudah Sempurna, Tidak Butuh Embel-Embel "Nusantara""
404:(within Muslim community) and in inter-religions relations.
249:
Examining the destruction of the war-torn Middle East; the
659:
Islam in Indonesia: Contrasting Images and Interpretations
964:"Munas Alim Ulama NU Sepakati Pengertian Islam Nusantara"
1979:
Fatwa on Religious Pluralism, Liberalism, and Secularism
876:"Islam Nusantara, Arabisasi, dan 'Rahmatan Lil Alamin'"
620:
618:
616:
174:, and also taking part in Islamic traditions such as
584:
582:
551:
549:
2355:
2309:
2249:
2001:
1934:
1846:
1839:
1794:
1743:
1598:
1591:
1474:
1391:
1220:
1213:
1158:
316:(FPI), and also Islamist political parties such as
400:outlook in regard of Islamic interactions within
170:, honoring prominent Islamic figures such as the
995:. Asian Journal of Social Science, 2012, p. 564.
245:, visiting the tomb of prominent Islamic figure.
726:"Islam, Radikalisme, dan Terorisme | NU Online"
1626:Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals
816:"Coping with growing intolerance in Indonesia"
131:before the 9th century, while another credits
1136:
1097:"PBNU Sebut Islam Nusantara Bukan Agama Baru"
8:
627:"Polemik di balik istiIah 'Islam Nusantara'"
662:. Amsterdam University Press. p. 109.
557:"Apa yang Dimaksud dengan Islam Nusantara?"
1843:
1595:
1217:
1143:
1129:
1121:
846:"Islam and Identity Politics in Indonesia"
786:"Whither the Islamic Religious Discourse?"
151:branch, taught by revered clerics called
545:
362:The main traits of Islam Nusantara are
1636:Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council
567:from the original on 16 September 2019
293:followed and promoted by the state of
269:. Indonesia also has suffered several
119:Indonesian traditional Quranic school.
601:from the original on 25 November 2018
589:Azis Anwar Fachrudin (24 July 2015).
445:The opposition, such as the chief of
285:. The ultra conservative doctrine of
7:
1756:Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party
1631:Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah
1006:"Ini Sejumlah Ciri Islam Nusantara"
844:Thompson, Neil (17 November 2017).
814:Vajra Reza Alam (17 January 2017).
97:In June 2015, Indonesian President
14:
1984:Operation Tinombala / Madago Raya
1267:Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi
1016:from the original on 18 July 2019
637:from the original on 18 July 2018
1204:
1077:from the original on 5 July 2018
1046:from the original on 5 July 2018
754:Caruso, Phil (6 February 2018).
563:(in Indonesian). 22 April 2015.
484:
470:
331:and the traditional practice of
58:(NU) in 2015, as a rejection of
1107:from the original on 2019-12-23
1042:(in Indonesian). 15 June 2015.
1012:(in Indonesian). 16 July 2016.
974:from the original on 2020-02-01
962:Wijanarko, Tulus (2019-03-01).
944:from the original on 2017-08-11
915:from the original on 2018-09-23
886:from the original on 2018-08-15
856:from the original on 2018-08-15
826:from the original on 2019-12-18
796:from the original on 2019-08-04
766:from the original on 2018-10-04
736:from the original on 2019-07-17
706:from the original on 2018-08-15
676:from the original on 2020-05-28
1989:December 2016 Jakarta protests
1870:Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia
874:Syahirul Alim (13 July 2018).
694:(www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle.
78:. It tends to express greater
23:Indonesian Muslim men wearing
1:
1641:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council
625:Heyder Affan (15 June 2015).
591:"The face of Islam Nusantara"
535:Wasatiyyah Institute Malaysia
2401:National Heroes of Indonesia
2327:Islamic criminal law in Aceh
1856:Spread of Islam in Indonesia
1683:Muslim Students' Association
1436:Ahmad Khatib al-Minangkabawi
934:"Indonesia. un altro Islam?"
905:"Islam Radikal di Indonesia"
510:Islamic schools and branches
251:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
125:spread of Islam in Indonesia
2322:Islam Yes, Islamic Party No
2448:
1228:Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari
790:Middle East Policy Council
515:Political aspects of Islam
224:, deprecated as a form of
108:
44:Indonesian (Islamic) model
2386:
2109:Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran
1969:Maluku sectarian conflict
1827:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur
1579:Muhammad Luthfi bin Yahya
1202:
318:Partai Keadilan Sejahtera
16:Indonesian brand of Islam
1904:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
1786:United Development Party
1776:Prosperous Justice Party
1766:National Awakening Party
1646:Indonesian Ulema Council
1299:Abdus Samad al-Palimbani
1065:Marniati (8 July 2015).
940:(in Italian). May 2014.
450:Indonesian Ulema Council
2432:Sunni Islamic movements
1861:Ottoman embassy to Aceh
1656:Islamic Defenders Front
1621:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia
1611:Campus Dakwah Institute
525:Traditionalist theology
500:Islam in Southeast Asia
310:Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia
308:organizations, such as
277:Islamist group such as
257:, the Iraq War and the
94:with local traditions.
1954:Tanjung Priok massacre
1812:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
1771:National Mandate Party
1549:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab
359:
273:that were launched by
246:
120:
52:Indonesian archipelago
36:
1661:Liberal Islam Network
1651:Al-Irshad Al-Islamiya
1426:Muhammad Jamil Jambek
1341:Maulana Malik Ibrahim
938:Cultura & Culture
909:Indonesia Investments
760:Middle East Institute
357:
239:
143:or directly from the
118:
109:Further information:
22:
2396:History of Indonesia
2391:Mosques in Indonesia
1919:Yogyakarta Sultanate
1484:Ahmad Syafi'i Maarif
1421:Tahir bin Jalaluddin
1406:Abdul Karim Amrullah
340:Munas Alim Ulama NU)
1959:Talangsari incident
1751:Crescent Star Party
1509:Abdullah Gymnastiar
394:Rahmatan lil Alamin
314:Front Pembela Islam
180:(tomb pilgrimage),
2422:Islam in Indonesia
1964:Insurgency in Aceh
1884:Kingdom of Kaimana
1666:Majelis Rasulullah
1446:Sulaiman ar-Rasuli
1378:Burhanuddin Ulakan
1282:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
1257:Yusuf al-Makassari
1152:Islam in Indonesia
360:
263:Islamic radicalism
247:
206:Modernist Salafism
121:
111:Islam in Indonesia
90:, and a degree of
37:
2409:
2408:
2300:Tafsir Al-Mishbah
1997:
1996:
1949:Petition of Fifty
1909:Ternate Sultanate
1899:Mataram Sultanate
1894:Malacca Sultanate
1835:
1834:
1744:Political parties
1730:Sumatera Thawalib
1720:Rabithah Alawiyah
1587:
1586:
1574:Abdurrahman Wahid
1529:Nurcholish Madjid
1368:Ali Mughayat Syah
1363:Abdurrauf Singkil
1336:Sunan Gunung Jati
1272:Abdullah al-Misri
1240:Nawawi al-Bantani
1103:(in Indonesian).
1073:(in Indonesian).
970:(in Indonesian).
882:(in Indonesian).
784:Fauzi M. Najjar.
732:(in Indonesian).
724:Ahmad Saifuddin.
702:(in Indonesian).
633:(in Indonesian).
271:terrorist attacks
2439:
2427:Islamic branches
2378:Central Sulawesi
2220:
2203:
2176:
2164:
2073:
2032:Babad Tanah Jawi
1914:Tidore Sultanate
1844:
1817:Jamaah Islamiyah
1735:Wahdah Islamiyah
1705:Nahdlatul Wathan
1596:
1564:Said Aqil Siradj
1494:Abu Bakar Bashir
1307:
1248:
1236:
1218:
1208:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1093:
1087:
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1084:
1082:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1002:
996:
991:Burhani, Najib.
989:
983:
982:
980:
979:
959:
953:
952:
950:
949:
930:
924:
923:
921:
920:
901:
895:
894:
892:
891:
871:
865:
864:
862:
861:
841:
835:
834:
832:
831:
820:The Jakarta Post
811:
805:
804:
802:
801:
781:
775:
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772:
771:
751:
745:
744:
742:
741:
721:
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691:
685:
684:
682:
681:
653:
647:
646:
644:
642:
622:
611:
610:
608:
606:
595:The Jakarta Post
586:
577:
576:
574:
572:
553:
494:
489:
488:
487:
480:
478:Indonesia portal
475:
474:
473:
333:Indonesian Islam
279:Jamaah Islamiyah
86:, opposition to
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2382:
2351:
2337:Jemaah Tarbiyah
2332:Jama’ah Tabligh
2317:Islam Nusantara
2305:
2245:
2214:
2197:
2170:
2158:
2102:Istiqlal Mosque
2067:
1993:
1944:Jakarta Charter
1936:
1930:
1879:Demak Sultanate
1848:
1831:
1790:
1739:
1688:Nahdlatul Ulama
1583:
1539:Mohammad Natsir
1476:
1470:
1393:
1387:
1383:Usman bin Yahya
1301:
1292:Tuanku Tambusai
1242:
1230:
1209:
1200:
1154:
1149:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1078:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1019:
1017:
1010:Nahdlatul Ulama
1004:
1003:
999:
990:
986:
977:
975:
961:
960:
956:
947:
945:
932:
931:
927:
918:
916:
903:
902:
898:
889:
887:
873:
872:
868:
859:
857:
843:
842:
838:
829:
827:
813:
812:
808:
799:
797:
783:
782:
778:
769:
767:
753:
752:
748:
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723:
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707:
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655:
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638:
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623:
614:
604:
602:
588:
587:
580:
570:
568:
561:Nahdlatul Ulama
555:
554:
547:
543:
505:Islamic culture
490:
485:
483:
476:
471:
469:
466:
410:
352:
350:Characteristics
283:attacks on Bali
113:
107:
56:Nahdlatul Ulama
40:Islam Nusantara
17:
12:
11:
5:
2445:
2443:
2435:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2414:
2413:
2407:
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2403:
2398:
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2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2353:
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2350:
2349:
2347:Traditionalist
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
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2253:
2251:
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2238:
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2228:
2221:
2209:
2204:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2165:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2135:Sejarah Banten
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2035:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1889:Gowa Sultanate
1886:
1881:
1876:
1874:Aceh Sultanate
1868:
1863:
1858:
1852:
1850:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1602:
1600:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1554:Quraish Shihab
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1534:Harun Nasution
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1504:Djohan Effendi
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:Azyumardi Azra
1486:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:Hasyim Asy'ari
1408:
1403:
1401:Abdullah Ahmad
1397:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1373:Tuanku Nan Tuo
1370:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1346:Sunan Kalijaga
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1308:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1252:Hamzah Fansuri
1249:
1237:
1224:
1222:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1180:Old divisions
1178:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1125:
1118:
1117:
1088:
1057:
1027:
997:
984:
954:
925:
896:
866:
836:
806:
776:
746:
716:
686:
668:
648:
612:
578:
544:
542:
539:
538:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
496:
495:
481:
465:
462:
409:
406:
351:
348:
106:
103:
88:fundamentalism
68:socio-cultural
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2444:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:Tabligh Akbar
2178:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:Masyumi Party
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:Sarekat Islam
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1599:Civil society
1597:
1594:
1592:Organizations
1590:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Kartosoewirjo
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1466:Tjokroaminoto
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:Mohammad Roem
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1394:Awakening era
1390:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1214:Major figures
1212:
1207:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1058:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1001:
998:
994:
988:
985:
973:
969:
965:
958:
955:
943:
939:
935:
929:
926:
914:
910:
906:
900:
897:
885:
881:
877:
870:
867:
855:
851:
847:
840:
837:
825:
821:
817:
810:
807:
795:
791:
787:
780:
777:
765:
761:
757:
750:
747:
735:
731:
727:
720:
717:
705:
701:
697:
690:
687:
675:
671:
669:9789089644237
665:
661:
660:
652:
649:
636:
632:
631:BBC Indonesia
628:
621:
619:
617:
613:
600:
596:
592:
585:
583:
579:
566:
562:
558:
552:
550:
546:
540:
536:
533:
531:
530:Turkish model
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
493:
482:
479:
468:
463:
461:
459:
455:
451:
448:
447:West Sumatran
443:
441:
437:
435:
431:
430:
425:
424:
419:
415:
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
382:
376:
373:
369:
365:
356:
349:
347:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
244:
243:
238:
234:
232:
227:
223:
222:
217:
216:
211:
207:
203:
202:
197:
196:
191:
190:
185:
184:
179:
178:
173:
169:
164:
162:
161:
156:
155:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
117:
112:
104:
102:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
63:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
34:
30:
26:
21:
2368:West Sumatra
2316:
2298:
2274:Kitab kuning
2269:Jamiat Kheir
2256:
2223:
2133:
2030:
2014:Architecture
1937:independence
1849:independence
1822:Laskar Jihad
1671:Muhammadiyah
1616:Hidayatullah
1519:Wahid Hasyim
1499:Idham Chalid
1477:independence
1441:Haji Misbach
1416:Ahmad Dahlan
1326:Sunan Drajat
1321:Sunan Bonang
1262:Malikussaleh
1109:. Retrieved
1100:
1091:
1079:. Retrieved
1070:
1060:
1048:. Retrieved
1039:
1030:
1018:. Retrieved
1009:
1000:
992:
987:
976:. Retrieved
967:
957:
946:. Retrieved
937:
928:
917:. Retrieved
908:
899:
888:. Retrieved
879:
869:
858:. Retrieved
850:The Diplomat
849:
839:
828:. Retrieved
819:
809:
798:. Retrieved
789:
779:
768:. Retrieved
759:
749:
738:. Retrieved
729:
719:
708:. Retrieved
699:
689:
678:. Retrieved
658:
651:
639:. Retrieved
630:
603:. Retrieved
594:
569:. Retrieved
560:
492:Islam portal
444:
440:Muhammadiyah
438:
427:
421:
411:
393:
389:
385:
379:
377:
367:
366:(moderate),
363:
361:
339:
337:
326:
303:
295:Saudi Arabia
248:
242:Ziarah kubur
240:
231:Muhammadiyah
219:
213:
208:followed by
199:
193:
187:
181:
177:ziarah kubur
175:
167:
165:
158:
152:
122:
96:
64:
43:
39:
38:
31:standing in
2279:Kota santri
2215: [
2198: [
2171: [
2159: [
2068: [
1807:Darul Islam
1781:Ummah Party
1569:Abdul Somad
1559:Ma'ruf Amin
1456:Rasuna Said
1431:Mas Mansoer
1356:Sunan Murya
1351:Sunan Kudus
1316:Sunan Ampel
1302: [
1243: [
1231: [
1221:Classic era
329:Arabization
255:Arab Spring
195:maulid nabi
145:Middle East
99:Joko Widodo
70:reality of
2416:Categories
2146:Serak Gulo
2124:Sholawatan
1974:Poso riots
1866:Wali Sanga
1606:Alkhairaat
1544:Amien Rais
1461:Agus Salim
1331:Sunan Giri
1311:Wali Sanga
1287:Tuanku Rao
1166:Shia Islam
1111:2020-06-01
1040:Era Muslim
978:2020-06-01
948:2017-08-10
919:2018-08-15
890:2018-08-15
860:2018-08-15
830:2018-08-15
800:2018-08-15
770:2018-08-15
740:2018-08-15
710:2018-08-15
680:2017-08-10
541:References
372:wasatiyyah
259:Syrian War
226:syncretism
172:Wali Songo
92:syncretism
84:moderation
2373:East Java
2356:By region
2342:Modernist
2310:Movements
2294:Pesantren
2250:Education
2231:Wetu Telu
2225:Tombo Ati
2212:Tirakatan
2087:Manakiban
1926:Padri War
1392:National
1171:Ahmadiyya
1081:10 August
1071:Republika
1050:10 August
1020:10 August
730:NU Online
641:10 August
605:10 August
571:10 August
520:Shu'ubiya
434:syncretic
414:wahhabism
408:Criticism
398:pluralist
381:pesantren
322:Pancasila
267:extremism
210:Wahhabism
189:selamatan
160:pesantren
80:pluralism
72:Indonesia
60:Wahhabism
48:Nusantara
2258:Al-Munir
2236:Yaqowiyu
2207:Tausiyah
2195:Takbiran
2190:Tahlilan
2151:Slametan
2038:Costumes
1693:GP Ansor
1676:Aisyiyah
1159:Branches
1105:Archived
1101:nasional
1075:Archived
1044:Archived
1014:Archived
972:Archived
942:Archived
913:Archived
884:Archived
880:kumparan
854:Archived
824:Archived
794:Archived
764:Archived
734:Archived
704:Archived
674:Archived
635:Archived
599:Archived
565:Archived
464:See also
418:salafism
306:Islamist
275:jihadist
183:tahlilan
2241:Yasinan
2168:Suronan
2141:Sekaten
2114:Qasidah
2097:Mosques
2082:Lebaran
2048:Songkok
2002:Culture
1840:History
1795:Militia
1189:Priyayi
1184:Abangan
1176:Kejawèn
364:tawasut
344:madhhab
312:(HTI),
291:Wahhabi
201:sekaten
137:Gujarat
105:History
25:songkok
2185:Tabuik
2156:Suroan
2119:Rebana
2092:Maulid
2077:Kauman
2060:Hadroh
2053:Sarong
2043:Kupiah
1802:Banser
1710:PERSIS
1698:JATMAN
1194:Santri
700:DW.COM
666:
458:hadith
429:bid'ah
368:rahmah
287:Salafi
221:bid'ah
129:Arabia
29:sarong
2289:LIPIA
2219:]
2202:]
2175:]
2163:]
2129:Saman
2072:]
2065:Khaul
2024:Tajug
2019:Bedug
1935:Post-
1715:PERTI
1514:Hamka
1475:Post-
1306:]
1277:Padri
1247:]
1235:]
968:Tempo
454:quran
423:shirk
402:ummah
390:ulama
215:shirk
149:Sunni
141:India
33:salah
2363:Aceh
2284:Kyai
2264:Iqro
2009:Adat
1847:Pre-
1083:2017
1052:2017
1022:2017
664:ISBN
643:2017
607:2017
573:2017
456:and
416:and
386:kyai
299:ISIS
289:and
265:and
168:kyai
154:kyai
133:Sufi
123:The
82:and
76:fiqh
27:and
426:or
388:or
281:'s
218:or
157:in
139:in
42:or
2418::
2217:id
2200:id
2173:id
2161:id
2070:id
1304:id
1245:id
1233:id
1099:.
1069:.
1038:.
1008:.
966:.
936:.
911:.
907:.
878:.
852:.
848:.
822:.
818:.
792:.
788:.
762:.
758:.
728:.
698:.
672:.
629:.
615:^
597:.
593:.
581:^
559:.
548:^
460:.
324:.
253:,
233:.
62:.
1144:e
1137:t
1130:v
1114:.
1085:.
1054:.
1024:.
981:.
951:.
922:.
893:.
863:.
833:.
803:.
773:.
743:.
713:.
683:.
645:.
609:.
575:.
186:(
50:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
