1380:. New York: Mount Vernon Publishers. pp. 27–35 (ancestry), 34 (civil war), 44 (Sunday school), 45 (worldview quote, college), 48 (studies, Java quote), 52 (Java), 54 (Malay, newspaper), 56 (fundamentalism, Drew studies, radicalism), 57 (Scarritt, LaFolette), 63–64 (teachings), 67–68 (World Peace conference), 68 (FIR), 74–77 (pacifist committees, Muste, ACLU), 78 (Socialist), 91 (Soviet visit), 96 (Communist publications).
759:
31:
882:
524:. He was elected as chairman of the gathering and later earned plaudits for his efficient conduct of the group's sessions. While Matthews' support of the 1924 La Follette presidential bid marked his first formal left-wing political activity, his real political career began in the summer of 1929 when he was named one of two Executive Secretaries of the pacifist
986:, himself a veteran of the House Committee on Un-American Activities, in which Matthews would hand in his resignation in exchange for complete future authority for McCarthy to hire and fire committee staff. This arrangement proved acceptable to Democratic leaders and Matthews resignation was accepted on the evening of July 9, 1953. President
512:
and summer months. During these brief stints in front of fresh audiences, Matthews attempted to expound his beliefs in pacifism and improved race relations. He was ultimately forced to leave his permanent teaching post because of a "furor over an interracial party held in his home, at which whites were reported to have danced with
Negroes."
901:. The choice was a controversial one given Matthews' high-profile role in exposing Communists, which had made him a target of many on the left. The appointment to the McCarthy committee's staff coincidentally coincided with the appearance of a provocative article by Matthews in the July 1953 issue of
511:
parties. Matthews addressed crowds throughout
Tennessee in 1924 as one of the La Follette campaign's leading public speakers. Throughout the 1920s, Matthews served on the faculty of an array of church-oriented institutes and training schools, usually established for a short period during the spring
834:
were so ashamed of Soviet cynicism that from ardent
Communists they became ardent anti-Communists. Such a man was Dr. J.B. Matthews, while never a Communist, was associated with that party as a fellow traveler ... In fighting Communists, our Government is absolutely dependent upon the ex-Communists
556:
worked). Among other pacifist activities, Matthews served as the
Secretary of the Pacifist Action Committee, treasurer of the Joint Peace Council, and on the executive committee of the Emergency Peace Committee in addition to being a member of the Interorganizational Council on Disarmament and the
1442:
Lichtman, Robert M. (June 2006). "J.B. Matthews and the 'Counter-subversives: Names as a
Political and Financial Resource in the McCarthy Era". American Communist History, vol. 5, #1: 5 (Socialist), 6 (Communism, Rovere quote), 7 (Communist committees), 7–9 (Dies committee), 8 (quote to Sokolsky),
975:
On July 7, 1953, the committee battled for 90 minutes over the appointment, with McCarthy refusing to back away from
Matthews and claiming that he was a "non-professional" member of the staff that could be hired or fired at his sole discretion, while the Democratic minority cited the provisions of
872:
entitled "Did the Movies Really Clean House?" in which he asserted that a large cadre of
Communist Party members and sympathizers remained in the ranks of the movie industry. Matthews listed some 66 examples in his article, including names and the movie with which each was associated—effectively
639:
campaign, action which led to a reprimand and eventually to the suspension of
Matthews for "conduct unbecoming a member" of the Socialist Party. Thereafter, he moved increasingly into the Communist Party's orbit, although he later claimed never to have been an official member of the CPUSA.
785:
With the Dies
Committee seemingly scheduled for termination in 1944, Matthews scrambled to preserve the material that he had compiled through an official committee publication. Over 2,100 pages were rushed to the printer and published in seven volumes, which together were known as
835:... If the government is seriously trying to tackle the Communist menace, then the first step is to employ qualified experts.... Amateurs can bring only discredit upon the government. Every effort should be made to ensure the cooperation and protection of friendly witnesses....
727:
Matthews' participation in organizations closely linked to the
Communist Party led Richard Rovere to derisively describe Matthews as "the world's champion fellow traveler, joining Communist fronts as compulsively as a pie-eating champion eats pies," according to
821:
Matthews became a symbol of the repentant former Communist who rendered expert service to the US government in its crackdown against what it perceived to be a network of underground subversion. In his column of October 6, 1947, syndicated columnist
898:
254:
929:
that attacking one of Byrd's friends would be the "beginning of the end for McCarthy. On the floor of the Senate Byrd demanded that Matthews "give names and facts to sustain his charges or stand convicted as a cheap demagogue. Other
1002:
In 1917, Matthews married Grace Ison. In 1923, he married Ruth E. Shallcross. In 1949, he married Ruth Inglis. Inglis was a fellow consultant for the Hearst Corporation. She was treasurer, assistant publisher, and trustee of
794:
included a massive list of 22,000 names of individuals and their organizational connections to "subversive" organizations—many of whom were not themselves communist. Matthews was jubilant about his achievement, declaring
750:(literally: "one who walks the same path"). Regardless of this misconception of the phrase's origin, Matthews unquestionably helped popularize the term in so describing himself in the title of his repentant 1938 memoir.
1749:, Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Durham, NC.* Robert M. Lichtman, "J.B. Matthews and the 'Counter-subversives: Names as a Political and Financial Resource in the McCarthy Era,'"
265:
clergy comprised a base of support of the American Communist movement, he was forced to resign. This was regarded as McCarthy's first big defeat, signaling that his position was starting to weaken among his colleagues.
1068:
Two additional accumulations of Matthews' papers may or may not be extant. In 1964, with his health in decline, Matthews left the employ of the Hearst organization and sold a substantial part of his files to the
1040:
in New York City on July 16, 1966, aged 72. Matthews outlived his son, who he named after himself. On April 12, 1959, J. B. Matthews Jr. murdered his three teenage children with a baseball bat at their
373:
My real education began in Java. Java introduced me to ethnology, anthropology, the cultural pluralism of the race, the history and varied institutions of religions, and a serious study of languages.
329:, economic royalists, or maladjusted personalities. Everything dark was simple as sin, and men needed only to repent and be saved in order to set everything right." In 1910, Matthews enrolled in
907:, entitled "Reds in Our Churches". In this article, Matthews claimed "the largest single group supporting the Communist apparatus in the United States today is composed of Protestant clergymen."
1065:
Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library. The papers include a massive 479 linear feet of material, consisting of 307,000 individual items. An on-line finding aid is available.
581:
536:, himself a noted pacifist, former clergyman, and FIR associate He was a periodic contributor as a writer for the Socialist and pacifist press, publishing material in the New York weekly
810:
had already distributed a number of sets to members of the Dies Committee, government agencies, and private individuals, however, making the volume's complete suppression impossible.
742:
contended that J. B. Matthews himself coined the term "fellow traveler", in reality the phrase was an anglicization of a Russian word in common currency since the time of the
1815:
382:. He became the editor of a Javanese-language newspaper while there, as well as editing the Methodist Hymnal into that language, contributing over 100 of his own translations.
1800:
462:
814:
remains today a bibliographic rarity. He continued to work for the Committee on Un-American Activities until 1945, at which time he left to become a consultant for the
843:
established its own Joint Legislative Fact-Finding Committee on Un-American Activities, established on the model employed previously in California. This so-called "
806:, which listed communists alongside liberals and even centrists in a single list, led to a firestorm of criticism and a quick effort at the document's recall. The
580:
and sat on the governing body of the National Committee Against Labor Racketeering. Matthews also was active in the fight against racism as a member of the
1820:
573:
782:. Matthews went on to become the research director for the Dies Committee, opening up a new career for him as a professional anti-communist investigator.
976:
the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946, which placed the hiring and firing of committee staff within the purview of the majority of the committee.
1681:"J.B. Matthews, Leftist Turned Conservative, Dies. Served Briefly on McCarthy Investigating Panel Charged Protestant Clergy Supported U.S. Communists"
238:
557:
Peace Patriots. He also spoke periodically to such groups as the National Council for Prevention of War, the Fellowship of Youth for Peace, and the
1680:
641:
667:, the party's legal defense organization, and the Teachers' Anti-War Conference, as well was a member of the national committees of the National
1805:
480:
627:
Matthews' association with the Socialist Party and its auxiliaries proved to be short-lived, however. In 1933, he was a speaker at a rally at
1835:
1756:
1548:
1391:
972:
issued statements denouncing the Matthews appointment, and letters and telegrams opposing Matthews began to pour into congressional offices.
960:
The fight between Republican committee chair McCarthy and the Democrats over Matthews exploded into page one national news. Officials of the
612:
1840:
682:
no fewer than five times during the late 1920s and early 1930s. He wrote extensively for the Communist press, contributing material to the
1790:
1180:
Investigation of Un-American Propaganda Activities in the United States: Appendix—Part IX, Communist Front Organizations, Second Section
980:
429:
towards the solution contemporary social problems. It was through this searching for answers to the social issues of the day, such as
1845:
1810:
1785:
1664:
965:
441:, that Matthews was exposed to the ideas of political radicalism for the first time. In 1923, Matthews graduated from Drew with a
508:
504:
1171:
957:, marched into McCarthy's office and demanded that Matthews be fired. McCarthy refused and reiterated his support for Matthews.
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616:
689:
651:
Matthews helped to launch the American Friends of the Chinese People (AFCP). He also served on the national committee of the
593:
492:
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807:
544:
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295:
863:. Matthews was among those national experts on communism brought into the state to give testimony before this committee.
1825:
1698:
961:
659:(NSL), two of the Communist Party's efforts to make inroads with American students. Matthews was also a speaker for the
525:
969:
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346:
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743:
318:
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368:
in 1911. Matthews saw this experience as pivotal for his own intellectual development, writing in his memoirs:
520:
In 1928, Matthews was one of approximately 500 delegates to the first World Youth Peace Congress, held in the
378:
While in Java, Matthews spent the bulk of his free time working seriously at linguistics, soon mastering the
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656:
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1029:
1004:
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275:
62:
1172:
Doctor Matthews' amazing statement : before the Dies' Committee investigating un-American activities
698:
528:(FIR). Matthews continued to serve in this capacity until 1933. On November 6, 1929, Matthews joined the
1448:
1042:
942:
660:
628:
585:
496:
1125:
Youth Looks at World Peace: A Story of the First World Youth Peace Conference (The Netherlands, 1928).
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987:
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558:
484:
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337:, Kentucky, from which he graduated in 1914. During these undergraduate years, Matthews majored in
218:
114:
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in the mid-1930s, achieving national prominence as a leader of a number of the party's so-called "
1094:
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840:
815:
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299:
246:
1620:. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. pp. 229 (Dies cmte), 230–231 (McCarthy cmte).
1517:
1491:
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released the contents of telegraphic communications with religious leaders to the press (e.g.,
941:
These published charges enraged the ranking Democratic member of McCarthy's committee, Senator
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1544:
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1074:
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334:
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104:
1512:
The Committee and Its Critics: A Calm Review of the House Committee on Un-American Activities
1032:
during his last years, which was reported as the cause of death in an obituary published in
994:) in which the President acknowledged the validity of their criticism of Matthews' charges.
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shortly after the war and left to fend for himself at a very young age. He was raised as a
89:
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1314:. Durham, NC: Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library. 1986.
830:
I have among my friends and acquaintances literally dozens of men and women who during the
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to testify before House Special Committee on Un-American Activities, commonly known as the
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Tactics and Methods of Communism in America: A Harding College Freedom Forum Presentation
847:" took aim at proving the radical connections of such local figures and institutions as
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1723:. Durham, NC: Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library.
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of his early years was a simple one: "I knew nothing about class struggle, conscious
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644:, a mass organization of the Communist Party derided by detractors as a so-called "
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30:
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to be "the most significant contribution ever made on the subject of communism."
483:, a Methodist training school for missionaries and Christian teachers located in
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that controlled the Senate, such as Stennis and Maybank also attacked McCarthy.
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569:
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1285:. Duke University Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library. 1986
1131:
Traffic in Death: A Few Facts Concerning the International Munitions Industry.
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such as sports, music, debate, college publications, and literary societies.
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357:
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226:
1312:"Inventory of the J. B. Matthews Papers, 1862–1986: Biographical Note"
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and she was a staff member of the US House Committee on Internal Security.
1283:"Inventory of the J. B. Matthews Papers, 1862–1986: Historical Note"
1078:
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home and seriously wounded his wife before killing himself with a knife.
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One of the clergymen attacked was the Methodist bishop of Washington DC,
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Special Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives,
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With R.E. Shallcross. New York: League for Industrial Democracy, 1934.
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In June 1953, Matthews was appointed as research director to Senator
766:
headed a House Special Committee on Un-American Activities (AKA the "
438:
303:
294:
ancestry. Matthews' paternal grandfather was killed fighting for the
663:, the CPUSA-sponsored mass organization directed at the unemployed,
503:
labor-oriented challenge to the more conservative candidates of the
1109:, in 1972: the whereabouts of this latter material remain unknown.
1101:. A further group of papers were sold to the Freedom Foundation of
599:
In 1932, Matthews stood as the Socialist Party's candidate for the
1152:(with R.E. Shallcross). Washington, NJ: Consumers' Research, 1935.
880:
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361:
342:
1201:. Searcy, AR: National Education Program, Harding College, n.d. .
353:
345:, although he later recalled that he was more preoccupied with
1127:
New York: American Committee World Youth Peace Congress, 1929.
397:, where he studied languages at the graduate level, including
1093:, Virginia. This material may today currently reside at the
364:
Nationalist schools established there after the fall of the
889:, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Government Operations
491:. During this time, Matthews was active in the independent
385:
Upon his return to the United States, Matthews enrolled in
1443:
26–27 (Nixon, Eisenhower), 32–33 (bequeathal), 33 (death).
866:
In 1951, Matthews published an influential article in the
582:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
1747:
Finding Aid for the J. B. Matthews Papers, 1862–1986
1721:"Inventory of the J. B. Matthews Papers, 1862–1986"
1486:
The Fellow-Travellers: A Postscript to the Enlightenment
209:, educator, writer, and political activist. A committed
1618:
The Politics of Fear: Joseph R. McCarthy and the Senate
417:. During this interval, Matthews was influenced by the
317:
that was serviced twice a month by one of the church's
1150:
Partners in Plunder: The Cost of Business Dictatorship
859:, and various left-wing members of the faculty of the
237:
in 1938. He then served as chief investigator for the
1175:
New York : American Immigration Conference Board
897:'s Senate Committee on Government Operations and its
688:(including a front page denial of the reality of the
479:
Following graduation, Matthews joined the faculty of
1594:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. p. 338.
465:, affiliated with Columbia, from which he graduated
274:
Joseph Brown Matthews was born on June 28, 1894, in
123:
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74:
44:
21:
1532:
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1483:
1182:. Washington: US Government Printing Office, 1944.
1121:Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1929.
352:Following graduation, Matthews spent six years in
1652:Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson
1638:. p. 86 (graylisting), 152 (Sokolsky quote).
802:The raw and undifferentiated nature of Matthews'
770:"), on which Matthews served as research director
1277:
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1273:
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1269:
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1133:New York: League for Industrial Democracy, 1934.
1251:Atlanta: Georgia Commission on Education, n.d.
774:Matthews became among the first anti-communist
611:of the Socialist Party and was chairman of its
1225:"Red Infiltration of Theological Seminaries",
1592:The House Committee on Un-American Activities
8:
1816:Deaths from brain cancer in New York (state)
1649:Caro, Robert (2002). "23. Tail-Gunner Joe".
1539:. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press. p.
1753:, vol. 5, no. 1 (June 2006), pp. 1–36.
1611:
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1603:
1601:
1494:–79 (WA state), 137 (AFCP), 140 (AYC, NSL).
1437:
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574:Conference for Progressive Political Action
1719:Knapp (processor), Sharon E., ed. (1986).
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1158:Washington, NJ: Consumers' Research, 1936.
1007:. She was a professor of sociology at the
313:. His father was the initiator of a local
261:. When Matthews published claims that the
245:, consultant on Communist affairs for the
29:
18:
1801:Members of the Socialist Party of America
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1164:New York: Mount Vernon Publishers, 1938.
640:Thereafter, he was named the head of the
615:and sat on the board of directors of the
249:, and by June 1953 research director for
239:House Committee on Un-American Activities
1516:. New York: J.P. Putnam's Sons. p.
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899:Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
255:Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
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642:American League Against War and Fascism
568:activities as well. He was a member of
16:American political activist (1894–1966)
1457:
1446:
1376:Matthews, J. B. (December 1938).
425:, which emphasized the application of
1535:The Oxford Russian-English Dictionary
1188:"Did the Movies Really Clean House?"
7:
1567:New York: Viking Press, 1980; pg. 86
1392:"Investigations: Uncheckable Charge"
949:, who together with his colleagues,
671:Council of Action and the National
321:. Matthews later recalled that the
1821:People from Hopkinsville, Kentucky
762:From 1938 to 1944, US Congressman
14:
564:Matthews was involved in various
1490:. New York: Macmillan. pp.
445:degree. In 1924, he obtained a
360:, where he taught in one of the
1244:, October 1957, pgs. 14–5, 43–6
1053:Matthews' papers are housed in
631:sponsored by the United States
617:League for Industrial Democracy
302:, with his father subsequently
175:
157:
139:
35:Matthews testifying before the
1699:"Matthews family murders 1959"
1398:. 13 July 1953. Archived from
1204:"Communism and the Colleges",
1036:, Matthews actually died of a
1023:Deadline Data on World Affairs
613:Revolutionary Policy Committee
594:American Civil Liberties Union
213:, he became a self-described "
1:
1806:American Christian socialists
1239:"Relief for America's Reds"
1232:"Now They're for Stevenson",
1162:Odyssey of a Fellow Traveler.
808:US Government Printing Office
459:Master of Theological Studies
1836:American Christian pacifists
1378:Odyssey of a Fellow Traveler
962:National Council of Churches
607:. He was an adherent of the
526:Fellowship of Reconciliation
1841:American anti-war activists
1705:. 12 April 1959. p. 4.
1236:, February 1956, pgs. 20–1.
1146:, June 1934, pp. 1–15.
1142:"Must America Go Fascist?"
970:Southern Baptist Convention
857:Seattle Repertory Playhouse
790:of the committee's report.
665:International Labor Defense
588:. He advanced the cause of
393:–affiliated institution in
347:extra-curricular activities
201:(1894–1966), best known as
1862:
1791:Columbia University alumni
1751:American Communist History
1229:, November 1953, pgs. 31–6
1222:, October 1953, pgs. 58–62
1028:Although he suffered from
603:for a district located in
592:through membership in the
530:Socialist Party of America
463:Union Theological Seminary
1616:Griffith, Robert (1970).
1218:"Moscow's Medicine Men,"
1211:"Reds and Our Churches",
576:and a speaker at Muste's
28:
1846:American anti-communists
1811:Methodists from Kentucky
1786:Asbury University alumni
1590:Carr, Robert K. (1952).
1531:Wheeler, Marcus (1972).
1249:Communism and the NAACP.
1242:American Legion Magazine
1191:American Legion Magazine
1071:Church League of America
1009:University of Washington
869:American Legion Magazine
861:University of Washington
720:(whose editors included
532:, effectively headed by
449:degree the next year at
225:". Disillusionment with
1506:Buckley, William F. Jr.
1011:and research editor of
998:Personal life and death
979:A deal was brokered by
657:National Student League
653:American Youth Congress
601:New York State Assembly
578:Brookwood Labor College
1796:Drew University alumni
1456:Cite journal requires
1215:, July 1953, pgs. 3–13
1208:, May 1953, pgs. 111–4
1184:—Prepared by Matthews.
966:United Lutheran Church
936:conservative coalition
920:Senate Minority Leader
890:
837:
832:Hitler-Stalin Alliance
771:
740:William F. Buckley Jr.
735:Although conservative
376:
1757:"The Matthews Story,"
1703:The Daily News Leader
1578:The Fellow-Travellers
1482:Caute, David (1973).
1402:on December 22, 2008.
1119:Christianity The Way.
1043:Springfield, Virginia
955:Henry "Scoop" Jackson
884:
839:In 1947 the state of
828:
761:
678:Matthews visited the
675:Committee of Action.
629:Madison Square Garden
586:National Urban League
584:and a speaker to the
497:Robert M. La Follette
421:movement in American
370:
233:testimony before the
49:Joseph Brown Matthews
1831:Methodist socialists
1227:The American Mercury
1220:The American Mercury
1213:The American Mercury
1206:The American Mercury
1195:, pgs. 12, 51–56, 93
1156:Guinea Pigs No More.
1081:, before passing to
1021:. She helped launch
988:Dwight D. Eisenhower
904:The American Mercury
873:"graylisting" each.
853:Seattle Labor School
559:War Resisters League
542:and Norman Thomas's
461:degree in 1924 from
443:Bachelor of Divinity
259:United States Senate
1826:Methodist pacifists
1099:New York University
1030:Parkinson's disease
1005:Consumers' Research
737:public intellectual
699:Soviet Russia Today
457:. He also earned a
451:Columbia University
219:Communist Party USA
203:J. B. Matthews
115:Columbia University
23:J. B. Matthews
1762:, August 10, 1953.
1685:The New York Times
1095:Tamiment Institute
1087:Liberty University
1034:The New York Times
1015:, a subsidiary of
992:The New York Times
891:
816:Hearst Corporation
772:
744:Russian Revolution
722:Whittaker Chambers
661:Unemployed Leagues
554:Whittaker Chambers
545:The World Tomorrow
356:, part of today's
300:American Civil War
247:Hearst Corporation
223:mass organizations
205:, was an American
150:Ruth E. Shallcross
1634:Navasky, Victor.
1550:978-0-19-864111-7
1185:
1167:
932:Southern Democrat
845:Canwell Committee
623:"Fellow traveler"
380:Javanese language
374:
188:
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1563:Victor Navasky,
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984:Richard M. Nixon
951:Stuart Symington
912:G. Bromley Oxnam
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570:A. J. Muste
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427:Christian ethics
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1000:
934:members of the
927:Hubert Humphrey
895:Joseph McCarthy
887:Joseph McCarthy
879:
824:George Sokolsky
764:Martin Dies Jr.
756:
646:Communist front
635:as part of its
633:Communist Party
625:
518:
477:
468:magna cum laude
387:Drew University
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251:Joseph McCarthy
243:Martin Dies Jr.
215:fellow traveler
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423:Christianity
389:, a private
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282:, of French
276:Hopkinsville
273:
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199:Matthews Sr.
198:
194:
191:Joseph Brown
190:
189:
80:(1966-07-16)
63:Hopkinsville
1781:1966 deaths
1776:1894 births
1289:19 February
1038:brain tumor
877:McCarthyism
812:Appendix IX
804:Appendix IX
797:Appendix IX
792:Appendix IX
788:Appendix IX
708:Harold Ware
702:(edited by
590:free speech
566:trade union
522:Netherlands
501:progressive
298:during the
296:Confederacy
168:Ruth Inglis
1770:Categories
1256:References
968:, and the
916:Harry Byrd
841:Washington
746:of 1917 —
673:Scottsboro
669:Tom Mooney
552:, wife of
509:Democratic
505:Republican
431:militarism
395:New Jersey
323:world-view
270:Background
263:Protestant
132:Grace Ison
55:1894-06-28
1580:, pg. 312
1091:Lynchburg
1073:based in
1061:, at the
776:informers
748:poputchik
548:, (where
489:Tennessee
485:Nashville
358:Indonesia
311:Methodist
227:communism
217:" of the
1508:(1962).
1166:—Memoir.
1137:Fascism.
1079:Illinois
947:Arkansas
885:Senator
826:wrote:
712:John Abt
516:Activism
411:Sanskrit
304:orphaned
288:Scottish
284:Huguenot
280:Kentucky
211:pacifist
207:linguist
90:New York
67:Kentucky
1576:Caute,
1144:Harpers
1075:Wheaton
918:. The
714:), and
694:Ukraine
692:in the
435:poverty
415:Persian
407:Aramaic
362:Chinese
335:Wilmore
292:English
257:of the
229:led to
180:
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162:
154:
144:
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124:Spouses
39:in 1938
1663:
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1055:Durham
1049:Legacy
1013:Combat
964:, the
855:, the
851:, the
605:Queens
475:Career
439:racism
437:, and
413:, and
403:Hebrew
399:Arabic
290:, and
1113:Works
925:told
343:Latin
339:Greek
174:(
170:
156:(
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138:(
134:
1760:Time
1661:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1462:help
1396:Time
1291:2020
953:and
507:and
354:Java
341:and
92:, US
75:Died
69:, US
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1740:at
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