109:
Ortiz was with the group being attacked, but he managed to make the
Spanish understand that he was a Christian (one account says he did so by calling out "Sevilla", which was his home town). Ortiz then led the Spanish to the town of Mocoso, whose chief, also named Mocoso, had sheltered him for many years. Mocoso was friendly to de Soto, which created tension between Mocoso and other chiefdoms around Tampa Bay, including Orriygua, Neguarete,
40:
72:
101:
68:. After Ortiz was taken to the town of Uzita (as told by the Gentleman of Elvas), or some time after Ortiz was spared from execution by being shot with arrows (per the Inca), the chief ordered Ortiz tied to a rack set over a fire. The chief's daughter begged the chief to spare Ortiz, arguing that Ortiz was not a danger to the chief.
197:
provide any information about his captivity. The
Gentleman of Elvas was a member of the de Soto Expedition, while the Inca wrote his account decades later, based on some now lost written accounts and on interviews with survivors of the expedition. Milanich and Hudson state that the Inca is unreliable
26:
expedition in 1539. Two accounts of Ortiz's eleven years as a captive, differing in details, offer a story of Ortiz being sentenced to death by a Native
American chief two or three times, saved each time by the intervention of a daughter (and possibly other female relatives) of the chief, and finally
226:
The chiefdoms of Tampa Bay, like many Native
American groups, normally left bodies exposed in open sided structures until the flesh had decayed enough to be easily removed from the bones. The large bones were then bundled up and kept in a special structure or buried in a mound. Around Tampa Bay, the
207:
The
Gentleman of Elvas relates that a single companion of Ortiz was killed while fighting against their captors, while the Inca states that three companions were executed with arrows in the town plaza, and that Ortiz was saved from the same fate when the chief's wife and three daughters pleaded for
149:, was released in 2018 in both a black-and-white illustrated chapter book version and a full-color illustrated, abridged, junior graphic novel version. In these versions, the chief's daughter's name became "Princess Uleyli of Ucita in Hirrihigua Province" and the story is told from her perspective.
108:
Juan Ortiz was found by the de Soto
Expedition when they landed in Tampa Bay in 1539. After first landing at Uzita, de Soto and his men heard of a Christian living in a neighboring chiefdom. While searching for Ortiz, de Soto's men encountered ten or so Native Americans, and started to attack them.
91:
attacked Uzita, burning the town. The town of Uzita was then moved to a new location, and the chiefdom's gods demanded that Ortiz be sacrificed. The daughter of Chief Uzita warned Ortiz that he was to be sacrificed and told him he should go to Mocoso, whose chief had asked for Ortiz to be given to
144:
erected a marker in St. Petersburg, Florida, commemorating the story of Juan Ortiz and
Princess Hirrihigua in 1960. A longer version of this legend, with the addition of the name "Uleleh", "The Story of Juan Ortiz and Uleleh", was published by a historical society in 1908. A children's book,
83:
of the town, to keep predators from taking the bodies away during the night. One night a wolf took the body of a young child that had recently died. Ortiz pursued the wolf in the night and killed it, recovering the child's body. The chief Uzita treated Ortiz better for a while after that.
55:
which had landed in Tampa Bay the year before. Ortiz and one or more companions were enticed on shore by some people who had what the
Spanish thought was a message from NarvĂĄez. (The Spanish would not learn the fate of the NarvĂĄez expedition for another eight years, until
139:
The Inca's version of the story of Juan Ortiz and the daughter of Chief
Hirrihigua has grown into a legend. The daughter of a chief has become "Princess Hirrihigua", and in some versions has acquired a name, "Uleleh". The Princess Hirrihigua Chapter of the
574:"'Pocahontas' Tale Likened to Earlier Rescue of Spaniard in Florida: History: Long Before Capt. Smith reached the Colonies, the story was told of a chief's daughter who saved an explorer. Some scholars say Smith borrowed the tale"
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on details of the expedition's itinerary, and note that some historians regard the Inca's account as "more a work of literature than a work of history". Hann warns that there are many errors in the account produced by the Inca.
120:, which made Ortiz very useful to de Soto. As the expedition traveled up the Florida peninsula, it passed through chiefdoms that spoke various dialects of the Timucua language, until the expedition crossed the
64:.) Ortiz and his companions were captured by the people on shore and abandoned by their shipmates. All but Ortiz were either killed while resisting capture or shortly after being taken to the town of
208:
his life. The chief and town are called Uzita by the
Gentleman of Elvas and Hirrihiqua by the Inca. One of the other accounts of the expedition names the chiefdom of Orriygua as a neighbor of Uzita.
438:
677:
The narratives linked here are older translations, not up to the standards of more recent scholarly translations, but have the advantage of being in the public domain.
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193:
While all four of the accounts of the de Soto Expedition that have survived mention the rescue of Ortiz, only the accounts by the Gentleman of Elvas and by the
128:. From that point the expedition relied on Timucua speakers who could translate from other languages, with Ortiz then providing a translation into Spanish.
798:
754:
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Ortiz could speak the languages of both Uzita and Mocoso (which were mutually unintelligible). The language of Mocoso was apparently a dialect of the
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by the Gentleman of Elvas was published in London in 1609, several years before John Smith published his account of being saved by Pocahontas.
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was a Spanish sailor who was held captive and enslaved by Native Americans in Florida for eleven years, from 1528 until he was rescued by the
818:
808:
141:
131:
Juan Ortiz died sometime during the winter of 1541â1542, while the expedition was camped at the town of Autiamque in what is now Arkansas.
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Juan Ortiz being sacrificed by burning, with the daughter of Chief Uzita pleading for his life
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Narrative of De Soto's Expedition Based on the Diary of Rodrigo Ranjel, His Private Secretary
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him. The daughter led Ortiz out of the town at night, and showed him the path to Mocoso.
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structures in which bodies were exposed were often on top of burial or temple mounds.
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was inspired by the story of Juan Ortiz being saved by the daughter of Chief Uzita.
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Uleyli- The Princess & Pirate: Based on the true story of Florida's Pocahontas
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After Ortiz's burns had been tended to, he was set to guard bodies placed in the
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61:
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652:(Paperback ed.). Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
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and three other survivors reached a Spanish outpost in northwestern
741:. Translated by Shipp, E. Bernard. Philadelphia: Robert M. Lindsay
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Fleming, J. P. (July 1908). "The Story of Juan Ortiz and Uleleh".
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99:
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Two or three years after Ortiz had been captured, the chiefdom of
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38:
386:
Hudson, Charles; Smith, Marvin T.; DePratter, Chester B. (1987).
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A Narrative of the Expedition of Ferdinand de Soto into Florida
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A Narrative of the Expedition of Ferdinand de Soto into Florida
282:
280:
388:"The Hernando de Soto Expedition: From Apalachee to Chiaha"
309:
307:
738:
History of the Conquest of Florida (Florida of the Inca)
633:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
607:. Gainesville, Florida: University Press of Florida.
267:
265:
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The discovery of Juan Ortiz by the de Soto Expedition
161:'s story of being saved from death at the hands of
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Chief Uzita's daughter helping Juan Ortiz to escape
605:Indians of Central and South Florida - 1513-1763
496:Publications of the Florida Historical Society
414:"Hernando de Soto: Journey through La Florida"
361:
286:
256:
8:
650:Florida Indians and the Invasion from Europe
392:University of South Carolina Scholar Commons
217:The Inca says it was his wife and daughters.
631:Hernando de Soto and the Indians of Florida
547:"Florida, 1528: a Take With the Same Twist"
47:In 1528 Juan Ortiz was on a ship searching
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249:
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755:Oviedo y Valdés, Gonzalo Fernåndez de
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771:. New York: A. S. Barnes and Company
696:. New York: A. S. Barnes and Company
469:"The History of Princess Hirrihigua"
349:
325:
271:
142:Daughters of the American Revolution
689:Relation of the Conquest of Florida
682:Biedma, Luys Hernandez de (1906) .
157:Some scholars have speculated that
799:Native American history of Florida
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443:Palm Beach County History Online
16:Spaniard held captive in Florida
173:'s translation into English of
572:Kaczor, Bill (July 16, 1995).
473:The Historical Marker Database
1:
733:Garcilaso de la Vega, el Inca
648:Milanich, Jerald T. (1998) .
31:, whose chief sheltered him.
819:Captives of Native Americans
709:Gentleman of Elvas (1609) .
673:Narratives of the expedition
236:The Inca says it was a lion.
809:16th-century Spanish people
835:
418:Georgia Historical Society
362:Milanich & Hudson 1993
287:Milanich & Hudson 1993
257:Milanich & Hudson 1993
58:Ălvar NĂșñez Cabeza de Vaca
27:escaping to a neighboring
195:Inca Garcilaso de la Vega
153:John Smith and Pocahontas
526:Rebourne Communications
759:Bourne, Edward Gaylord
684:Bourne, Edward Gaylord
603:Hann, John H. (2003).
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44:
439:"The Real Pocahontas"
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259:, pp. 6â7, 178.
51:for any sign of the
623:Milanich, Jerald T.
364:, pp. 56, 122.
328:, pp. 112â113.
794:History of Florida
580:. Associated Press
551:The New York Times
449:on October 8, 2019
126:Apalachee Province
124:, and entered the
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53:NarvĂĄez expedition
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769:Smith, Buckingham
694:Smith, Buckingham
578:Los Angeles Times
394:. pp. 19, 23
340:, pp. 76â77.
316:, pp. 75â76.
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423:October 19,
398:October 19,
113:and Uzita.
788:Categories
775:October 8,
745:October 7,
723:October 6,
700:October 8,
597:References
584:October 8,
557:October 8,
479:October 8,
453:October 8,
167:Pocahontas
159:John Smith
20:Juan Ortiz
757:(1906) .
735:(1881) .
350:Hann 2003
326:Hann 2003
272:Hann 2003
244:Citations
62:New Spain
49:Tampa Bay
35:Captivity
719:. London
629:(1993).
522:"Uleyli"
508:30138217
163:Powhatan
111:Capaloey
29:chiefdom
761:(ed.).
686:(ed.).
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475:. 1960
135:Legend
89:Mocoso
504:JSTOR
181:Notes
66:Uzita
777:2019
747:2019
725:2019
702:2019
654:ISBN
635:ISBN
609:ISBN
586:2019
559:2019
533:2022
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
