43:
321:) presents his opening statement. He describes Janning as a great legal scholar and advocate of democracy who remained in office to save the judiciary from complete domination by Hitler. He notes that Hitler in 1942 brutally attacked Janning for resisting Nazi measures and that Janning was forced to resign. He argues that judges do not make the laws but are sworn to uphold them.
618:
not want that awful association made between what was the horror and misery of Nazi
Germany with their nice chrome, wonderfully antiseptically clean, beautiful kitchen appliances that they were selling. Now this is an example of sponsor interference which is so beyond logic, and which is so beyond taste, this I rebel against."
376:
became a way of life. He criticizes his lawyer for defending the actions of his time. He admits that the
Feldenstein case was not a trial but a sacrificial ritual and that he reached his verdict before he even entered the courtroom. Rolfe interrupts and objects but Janning continues. Hahn shouts that Janning is a traitor.
609:
Prior to the broadcast, one of the sponsors, American Gas, Inc., sent a memorandum demanding that reference to the use of gas to kill Jews be omitted. Hill and the cast refused, and Claude Rains proceeded to refer to the extermination of millions of people in "gas ovens." The sponsor had CBS remove
388:
Haywood visits
Janning in prison. Janning expresses respect for Haywood and the verdict, but he asks for understanding that, with respect to the atrocities, he never knew it would come to that. Haywood insists "it came to that" the first time Janning sentenced to death a man he knew to be innocent.
379:
Rolfe makes his closing argument. He argues that
Janning feels guilt, but if Janning is guilty so are others. Hitler's intentions were not secret; they were heard in every part of the world. Hahn is unapologetic and claims that Germany was a bulwark against Bolshevism that the world may yet wish to
617:
in a 1959 interview cited the incident as one of the more indefensible examples of sponsor censorship. Serling noted: "It mattered little to these guys that the gas involved in concentration camps was cyanide which bore no resemblance, physical or otherwise, to the gas used in stoves. ... They did
375:
Janning testifies. He explains the environment of fear in
Germany and how Hitler made the people proud and told them there were devils among them. Janning and others sat silent at the lies because they believed their country was in danger and that the abuses were a passing phase. The passing phase
362:
Mrs. Lindnow testifies for the defense. She was employed by
Feldenstein and saw her employer visit Wallner quite often. She also saw Wallner kissing Feldenstein and, on one occasion, sitting on Feldenstein's lap. Wallner is recalled to testify. As Rolfe aggressively cross-examines Wallner, Janning
354:
Geuter, the defense attorney in the
Feldenstein case, testifies that his client was tried and executed under a "racial pollution" law prohibiting non-Aryans from having sexual relations with Aryans. Maria Wallner, the Aryan woman with whom Feldenstein was accused of sexual relations, testifies and
387:
After the trial, Haywood is visited by Rolfe who conveys
Janning's request to see Haywood and predicts that the men sentenced to life will be released within five years. (Telford Taylor confirms in a final narration that the defendants sentenced to prison had, as Janning predicted, been freed.)
383:
Haywood announces the decision. He describes
Janning as "a tragic character" who "loathed the evil that he did," but asserts that "compassion for the present torture of his soul must not beget forgetfulness." All defendants are found guilty, and Janning and Hahn are sentenced to life in prison.
358:
Parker introduces orders issued by the defendants by which hundreds were arrested and placed in concentration camps. He then plays a film showing the horrors of the concentration camps. Rolfe expresses outrage at the playing of the film in the trial of defendants who were not aware of these
679:
television critic
William Ewald found the play "pretty uncompromising" as well as "tough and unsettling", stating that it "succeeded in clutching me hard for its full span." He also praised the "four square" performances of Rains, Lukas, Schell and Marketa Kimbrell.
338:
Rudolph Peterson testifies that his parents were Communists, and he was sterilized pursuant to an order signed by Hoffstetter. Rolfe introduces evidence that Peterson was sterilized as required by the law due to his inability to pass a basic intelligence test.
324:
Dr. Wickert describes the special courts led by Hoffstetter and Lammpe that oversaw sterilizations and imposed death penalties on Jews, Poles, and others. Rolfe argues that Germany was not alone in enacting sterilization laws, reading from
296:), a New England country judge, and his wife to their luxurious living quarters in Nuremberg. In scenes interspersed with actual footage of Nuremberg under the Nazis, Byers takes Haywood on a tour of Nuremberg's bomb-damaged ruins and of
610:
the words "gas ovens" so that no sound was broadcast when Rains spoke the words. The censorship was discovered by the press and resulted in negative publicity for the sponsor, with one critic stating, "Shame on everybody concerned."
395:
are heard in the background, Byers explains that America is fighting for survival. Haywood replies that, "It's not enough to survive," and asserts that if we abandon our basic principles, "we become the very thing we are fighting."
244:
referring to the Nazis' "gas ovens" were cut from the audio during the broadcast due to an objection by a gas-company sponsor. The gas company did not want gas appliances to be associated with the horror of Nazi Germany.
672:
called it a convincing story and credited Maximilian Schell with the production's "outstanding performance." He also found that Telford Taylor's participation helped give the telecast "an atmosphere of authenticity."
371:
A Senator and General speak outside the courtroom. The General believes the trials are working contrary to America's interests. The Senator tells Judge Haywood that America needs the German people as its friends.
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Parker introduces a letter from Hoffstetter about making an example of Polish workers who refused to work and another from Lammpe condemning a "Jewess" who sold her breast milk for consumption by German children.
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The judges discuss the Communist take over in Czechoslovakia. Judge Norris notes that the real fight for Germany has begun and the Nuremberg trials have become a political liability.
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stands, protests his lawyer's conduct, and asks to make a statement. A recess is granted, and Rolfe begs Janning, for the sake of Germany's future, not to make his statement.
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denies having sexual relations with Feldenstein. Janning was the presiding judge who sentenced Feldenstein to death. Wallner served two years in prison for perjury.
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314:), presents his opening argument. He accuses the defendants of constructing the legal framework for crimes of execution, enslavement, and extermination.
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was most significant of the Nuremberg trials. Mann then read the transcript of the Judges' Trial, and it "haunted him". When he was hired at
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Mann later opined that the controversial subject matter and the censorship controversy were the reasons the production did not receive any
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aired from 1956 to 1960. In a 1970 poll of television editors, it was named "the greatest television series of all time."
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atrocities. Rolfe also offers letters from refugees all over the world attesting that Janning saved them from execution.
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647:. Schell, Klemperer and Meyer reprised their roles from the teleplay. This film adaptation was nominated for 11
534:, former brigadier general and chief counsel for the prosecution at the Nuremberg trials, hosted the broadcast.
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Production credits are taken from the on-screen credits at the close of the production's kinescope.
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Acting roles are presented in the order in which they appeared in the production's closing credits.
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Mann recalled that the story's indictment of Germany, a country that was then a key ally in the
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The trial begins with Judge Haywood presiding. The defendants are Ernst Janning (played by
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The teleplay was broadcast live on April 16, 1959, as part of the CBS television series,
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The play closes with an exchange between Haywood and Byers. As the planes from the
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335:(1927), upholding a compulsory sterilization law for the mentally deficient.
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that depicts the trial of four German judicial officials as part of the
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the producer. Telford Taylor was credited as technical consultant.
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879:"Academy to mark 50th anniversary of "Judgment at Nuremberg""
292:), the court's adjutant, escorts Judge Haywood (played by
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633:In 1961, Mann's teleplay was adapted into a film,
195:broadcast live on April 16, 1959, as part of the
1456:International Military Tribunal for the Far East
843:Television in the Antenna Age: A Concise History
16:28th episode of the 3rd season of Playhouse 90
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925:Judgment at Nuremberg: A Play by Abby Mann
233:as the former German Minister of Justice.
18:
799:. April 17, 1959. p. 4B – via
1697:Snowshoes: A Comedy of People and Horses
720:"Martin Manulis, TV Pioneer, Dies at 92"
317:Defense attorney Oscar Rolfe (played by
841:David Marc; Robert J. Thompson (2005).
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785:
701:
205:. It was a courtroom drama written by
560:. Prior to writing it, Mann met with
478:as Friederich Hoffstetter (defendant)
7:
865:
845:. Blackwell Publishing. p. 57.
828:
776:
764:
743:
221:starred as the presiding judge with
1306:Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach
718:Martin, Douglas (October 2, 2007).
404:The cast included performances by:
150:
896:John P. Shanley (April 17, 1959).
277:The play begins with narration by
14:
2603:1959 American television episodes
2030:The Gentleman From Seventh Avenue
424:as Oscar Rolfe (defense attorney)
793:"War Trial Show Tough, Gripping"
517:Irene Seidner as Mrs. Halbestadt
41:
2556:In the Presence of Mine Enemies
1380:Marie-Claude Vaillant-Couturier
526:Steven Chase as Man in Corridor
2608:Playhouse 90 season 3 episodes
1925:Around the World in 90 Minutes
436:as General Parker (prosecutor)
412:as Judge Haywood (chief judge)
57:
1:
1911:A Sound of Different Drummers
1774:The Hostess with the Mostes'
1451:Nuremberg Military Tribunals
472:as Werner Lammpe (defendant)
418:as Ernst Janning (defendant)
2479:The Grey Nurse Said Nothing
1365:Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski
1043:Auguste Champetier de Ribes
520:John Conwell as Interpreter
430:as Captain Byers (adjutant)
2639:
2216:Word From a Sealed-Off Box
2086:Turn Left at Mount Everest
1988:For I Have Loved Strangers
1897:The Dark Side of the Earth
1760:Invitation to a Gunfighter
1446:international criminal law
816:The Mike Wallace Interview
598:Censorship and controversy
487:Alex Gerry as Judge Norris
50:in "Judgment at Nuremberg"
2618:Military courtroom dramas
2237:The Return of Ansel Gibbs
2149:A Town Has Turned to Dust
1613:Requiem for a Heavyweight
1145:
1090:Henri Donnedieu de Vabres
586:was the art director and
523:Tom Tugend as Interpreter
490:Oliver McGowan as Senator
288:Captain Byers (played by
225:as the defense attorney,
151:
110:
40:
30:
2507:To the Sound of Trumpets
2412:The Killers of Mussolini
2121:Nightmare at Ground Zero
1683:The Family Nobody Wanted
1501:" (1959 television play)
928:. New Directions Books.
454:as Emil Hahn (defendant)
92:April 16, 1959
2433:The Second Happiest Day
2391:A Marriage of Strangers
2335:For Whom the Bell Tolls
2181:The Plot to Kill Stalin
1953:The Jet Propelled Couch
1932:The Mystery of Thirteen
1865:Ain't No Time for Glory
1003:Crimes against humanity
813:Rod Serling interview,
556:wrote the teleplay for
229:as the prosecutor, and
2549:The Shape of the River
2370:A Corner of the Garden
2356:The Day Before Atlanta
2251:Seven Against the Wall
2188:Days of Wine and Roses
2058:Portrait of a Murderer
1690:Massacre at Sand Creek
1676:Sincerely, Willis Wade
1246:Joachim von Ribbentrop
1158:Konstantin von Neurath
819:, at 8:00-8:44 (1959).
240:and a scene featuring
175:A Corner of the Garden
163:The Day Before Atlanta
2613:1959 television plays
2363:Judgment at Nuremberg
2349:In Lonely Expectation
2293:A Quiet Game of Cards
2272:The Wings of the Dove
2195:The Time of Your Life
2065:The Last Clear Chance
1939:The Edge of Innocence
1890:The Death of Manolete
1872:The Fabulous Irishman
1795:If You Know Elizabeth
1584:Franklin J. Schaffner
1506:Judgment at Nuremberg
1499:Judgment at Nuremberg
885:. September 28, 2011.
883:San Diego County News
636:Judgment at Nuremberg
578:was the director and
327:Oliver Wendell Holmes
254:film of the same name
250:Judgment at Nuremberg
189:Judgment at Nuremberg
24:Judgment at Nuremberg
1802:Three Men on a Horse
1483:That Justice Be Done
1461:Nuremberg principles
1420:Seweryna Szmaglewska
1395:Friedrich von Paulus
1261:Arthur Seyss-Inquart
993:Crimes against peace
898:"Nuremberg Judgment"
868:, pp. xviâxvii.
767:, pp. xiiiâxiv.
2419:Project Immortality
1981:The Thundering Wave
1809:Four Women in Black
1753:The Blackwell Story
1634:The Country Husband
1627:Rendezvous in Black
1355:Walter Schellenberg
1236:Ernst Kaltenbrunner
1166:Baldur von Schirach
1037:François de Menthon
653:34th Academy Awards
594:was the announcer.
590:the set decorator.
460:as Rudolph Peterson
252:was adapted into a
199:television series,
2542:Journey to the Day
2500:A Dream of Treason
2493:The Silver Whistle
2458:The Sounds of Eden
2342:A Trip to Paradise
2321:The Dingaling Girl
2142:The Innocent Sleep
2079:The Right Hand Man
2051:Point of No Return
1732:The Miracle Worker
1574:John Frankenheimer
1494:(1947 documentary)
1400:Erich Buschenhagen
1065:Alexander Volchkov
902:The New York Times
779:, pp. xivâxv.
724:The New York Times
669:The New York Times
147:Episode chronology
2590:
2589:
2426:Dark as the Night
2405:The Rank and File
2300:Child of Our Time
2223:Heart of Darkness
2163:A Bitter Heritage
2107:Rumors of Evening
2037:The Violent Heart
1974:Galvanized Yankee
1960:The Troublemakers
1946:The Clouded Image
1844:Circle of the Day
1746:The Coat of White
1648:Heritage of Anger
1524:
1523:
1517:(2000 miniseries)
1433:
1432:
1415:Abraham Sutzkever
1319:
1318:
1294:
1293:
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1279:
1178:
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1070:Geoffrey Lawrence
1025:Hartley Shawcross
1019:Robert H. Jackson
1012:Chief prosecutors
988:Nuremberg Charter
746:, pp. ixâxi.
514:as Mr. Halbestadt
422:Maximilian Schell
319:Maximilian Schell
236:Several lines by
223:Maximilian Schell
191:" is an American
185:
184:
181:
180:
140:as General Parker
126:Maximilian Schell
105:Guest appearances
89:Original air date
48:Maximilian Schell
2630:
2623:Nuremberg trials
2581:CBS Playhouse 90
2528:The Hiding Place
2472:The Hidden Image
2451:Target for Three
2384:Diary of a Nurse
2286:The Velvet Alley
2156:The Great Gatsby
2100:Verdict of Three
1851:Without Incident
1816:Child of Trouble
1551:
1544:
1537:
1528:
1491:Nuremberg Trials
1410:Eugene Kivelisha
1350:Dieter Wisliceny
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1285:
1273:
1266:Julius Streicher
1251:Alfred Rosenberg
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1060:Iona Nikitchenko
1027:(United Kingdom)
974:Nuremberg trials
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588:George R. Nelson
466:as Maria Wallner
464:Marketa Kimbrell
452:Werner Klemperer
283:Nuremberg trials
215:Nuremberg trials
209:and directed by
153:
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134:as Captain Byers
122:as Ernst Janning
116:as Judge Haywood
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2209:Shadows Tremble
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2072:The Male Animal
2016:The 80 Yard Run
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1767:The Last Tycoon
1620:Sizeman and Son
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1360:Alois Hollriege
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1125:Franz von Papen
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584:Albert Heschong
580:Herbert Brodkin
576:George Roy Hill
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508:as Mrs. Haywood
502:as Elsa Lindnow
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329:'s decision in
281:describing the
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211:George Roy Hill
193:television play
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2265:Face of a Hero
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2258:The Nutcracker
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2202:The Long March
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2044:No Time at All
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1995:The Lone Woman
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1858:Clash by Night
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1823:Homeward Borne
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1781:Charley's Aunt
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1725:The Greer Case
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1718:The Star Wagon
1714:
1711:So Soon to Die
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1672:
1669:Made in Heaven
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1606:Forbidden Area
1601:
1599:
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1586:
1581:
1579:Martin Manulis
1576:
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1428:
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1425:Samuel Rajzman
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1402:
1397:
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1387:
1385:Francisco Boix
1382:
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1345:Otto Ohlendorf
1342:
1340:Erwin Lahousen
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1314:
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1283:Hermann Göring
1280:
1271:Martin Bormann
1268:
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1241:Wilhelm Keitel
1238:
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1120:Hans Fritzsche
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1085:John J. Parker
1082:
1080:Francis Biddle
1077:
1075:Norman Birkett
1072:
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1062:
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1033:(Soviet Union)
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801:Newspapers.com
781:
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757:
748:
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710:
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685:
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645:Burt Lancaster
630:
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599:
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562:Telford Taylor
539:
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532:Telford Taylor
528:
527:
524:
521:
518:
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503:
497:
491:
488:
485:
482:Wendell Holmes
479:
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467:
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455:
449:
443:
442:as Dr. Wickert
437:
434:Melvyn Douglas
431:
425:
419:
413:
406:
401:
398:
393:Berlin airlift
368:
365:
347:
344:
312:Melvyn Douglas
298:Zeppelin Field
279:Telford Taylor
274:
271:
269:
266:
262:Burt Lancaster
238:Melvyn Douglas
227:Melvyn Douglas
183:
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179:
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166:
149:
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144:
143:
142:
141:
138:Melvyn Douglas
135:
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128:as Oscar Rolfe
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2576:
2575:
2574:CBS Playhouse
2571:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:Alas, Babylon
2532:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2514:The Cruel Day
2511:
2508:
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2377:Dark December
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2328:Made in Japan
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2146:
2143:
2139:
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2132:
2129:
2128:Bomber's Moon
2125:
2122:
2118:
2115:
2114:Not the Glory
2111:
2108:
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2020:
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2013:
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1999:
1996:
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1989:
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1982:
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1837:Winter Dreams
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1704:The Ninth Day
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1641:The Big Slide
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1444:Invention of
1443:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1405:Joseph Orbeli
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1390:Hans Cappelen
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1375:Maurice Lampe
1373:
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1256:Fritz Sauckel
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1226:Wilhelm Frick
1224:
1222:
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1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:Roman Rudenko
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1004:
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989:
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983:
979:
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935:0-8112-1526-1
931:
927:
926:
921:
917:
916:
912:
904:. p. 53.
903:
899:
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889:
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880:
874:
871:
867:
862:
859:
854:
852:0-631-21543-3
848:
844:
837:
834:
831:, p. xv.
830:
825:
822:
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786:
782:
778:
773:
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749:
745:
740:
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729:September 28,
725:
721:
714:
711:
705:
702:
695:
691:
690:Judges' Trial
688:
687:
683:
681:
678:
674:
671:
670:
665:
658:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
641:Spencer Tracy
638:
637:
628:
626:
625:nominations.
624:
619:
616:
611:
607:
605:
597:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
571:
567:
566:Judges' Trial
564:who said the
563:
559:
555:
551:
549:
545:
537:
535:
533:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
484:as Judge Ives
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
440:Ludwig Donath
438:
435:
432:
429:
428:Martin Milner
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
407:
405:
399:
397:
394:
389:
385:
381:
377:
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366:
364:
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340:
336:
334:
333:
328:
322:
320:
315:
313:
308:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
290:Martin Milner
286:
284:
280:
272:
267:
265:
263:
259:
258:Spencer Tracy
255:
251:
246:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
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203:
198:
194:
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176:
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167:
164:
159:
155:
154:
145:
139:
136:
133:
132:Martin Milner
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
109:
102:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
62:Season 3
61:
54:
49:
44:
39:
35:
34:
29:
25:
20:
2579:
2572:
2362:
2279:The Blue Men
2244:Free Weekend
2023:Before I Die
2009:The Last Man
1967:Panic Button
1918:The Playroom
1830:Helen Morgan
1788:Clipper Ship
1739:The Comedian
1559:Playhouse 90
1557:
1512:
1504:
1498:
1489:
1481:
1466:Bibliography
1275:
1203:Erich Raeder
1193:Walther Funk
1174:Albert Speer
1095:Robert Falco
924:
901:
891:
882:
873:
861:
842:
836:
824:
814:
809:
796:
772:
760:
751:
739:
727:. Retrieved
723:
713:
704:
675:
667:
662:
634:
632:
620:
612:
608:
601:
574:
570:Playhouse 90
569:
558:Playhouse 90
557:
552:
548:Playhouse 90
547:
544:Playhouse 90
543:
541:
530:
512:John Bleifer
500:Celia Lovsky
470:Torben Meyer
458:Albert Szabo
446:Peter Capell
410:Claude Rains
403:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
361:
357:
353:
349:
341:
337:
332:Buck v. Bell
330:
323:
316:
309:
302:
294:Claude Rains
287:
276:
249:
247:
242:Claude Rains
235:
219:Claude Rains
202:Playhouse 90
200:
188:
186:
168:
157:
114:Claude Rains
33:Playhouse 90
31:
23:
2465:Misalliance
2398:Out of Dust
2093:The Dungeon
1589:Rod Serling
1509:(1961 film)
1486:(1945 film)
1370:Franz Blaha
1333:Prosecution
1299:No decision
1276:in absentia
1231:Alfred Jodl
1198:Rudolf Hess
1150:Karl Dönitz
981:Legal basis
639:, starring
629:Adaptations
615:Rod Serling
494:Tyler McVey
476:Gregory Gay
69:Directed by
2597:Categories
2486:The Tunnel
2314:The Raider
1662:Confession
1311:Robert Ley
1221:Hans Frank
1177:(20 years)
1169:(20 years)
1161:(15 years)
1153:(10 years)
1105:Defendants
998:War crimes
920:Mann, Abby
696:References
623:Emmy Award
538:Production
506:Mary Adams
496:as General
416:Paul Lukas
305:Paul Lukas
231:Paul Lukas
120:Paul Lukas
96:1959-04-16
79:Written by
64:Episode 28
1514:Nuremberg
1438:Aftermath
1325:Witnesses
1286:(suicide)
1139:Sentenced
1113:Acquitted
866:Mann 2002
829:Mann 2002
777:Mann 2002
765:Mann 2002
744:Mann 2002
659:Reception
554:Abby Mann
448:as Geuter
256:starring
248:In 1961,
207:Abby Mann
83:Abby Mann
2566:Revivals
2521:Tomorrow
2443:Season 4
2173:Season 3
1882:Season 2
1598:Season 1
1045:(France)
1039:(France)
922:(2002).
684:See also
604:Cold War
592:Dick Joy
380:retain.
158:Previous
56:Episode
2230:Old Man
2135:Natchez
2002:Reunion
913:Sources
651:at the
613:Writer
367:Act III
171: â
156:â
94: (
36:episode
1904:Topaze
1655:Eloise
1567:People
1053:Judges
932:
849:
649:Oscars
346:Act II
1475:Films
1213:Death
273:Act I
1186:Life
930:ISBN
847:ISBN
731:2020
643:and
400:Cast
268:Plot
260:and
169:Next
677:UPI
666:of
300:.
197:CBS
58:no.
2599::
900:.
881:.
795:.
784:^
722:.
546:.
285:.
217:.
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98:)
26:"
22:"
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
