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793:(RMS). She also developed the deployment systems for the tethered satellite systems and worked on orbiter development, writing software for NASA to use on its missions. She disliked the part of her job that required making public appearances and drumming up support for the space program. She avoided television interviews when possible, and resented intrusive questions about her private life, such as questions about her divorce.
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eventually ended their relationship to spare Resnik more pain. When she was 17, she prepared and filed a successful court case so that her custody could be switched from her mother to her father, with whom she was particularly close. She tore up letters from her mother unopened. Her father remarried, and she acquired twin stepsisters, Linda and Sandy, who were nine years older than she was, and with whom she became close.
989:"the Earth looks great". When Reagan asked her if the flight was all she hoped it would be, she replied, "It certainly is and I couldn't have picked a better crew to fly with." After the mission, Hartsfield described Resnik as the "astronaut's astronaut", and Mullane wrote: "I was also happy to be crewed with Judy ... She was smart, hardworking, and dependable, all the things you would want in a fellow crewmember."
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1071:'s hatch and freezing temperatures. Resnik's father and stepmother, and her brother and his family watched the launch from the VIP area, as did her Firestone High math teacher. Selleck declined her invitation to attend. Resnik carried a locket for her niece, a signet ring for her nephew and a cigarette lighter for Nahmi.
1242:(SWE) awards the Resnik Challenger Medal annually to "a woman who has changed the space industry, has personally contributed innovative technology verified by flight experience ... and will be recognized through future decades as having created milestones in the development of space as a resource for all humankind." The
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That day Resnik also deployed the OAST-1 solar array wing, considered a potential future way of generating more electrical power during space missions. After performing several dynamic tests that day and the next, she reported that the experiment was well-behaved and matched ground simulations of the
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rather than from
Firestone, where her intellectual reputation preceded her. She met Len Nahmi (who eventually became a pilot) at a basketball game. He was half Irish and half Lebanese, and her mother disapproved of him. Nonetheless, she continued to see him secretly, and when she stayed with a cousin
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s cockpit. Or would I have been locked in a catatonic paralysis of fear? There had been nothing in our training concerning the activation of a PEAP in the event of an in-flight emergency. The fact that Judy or El had done so for Mike Smith made them heroic in my mind. They had been able to block out
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and Mike
Mullane. During a visit to a contractor's factory, Resnik whispered to Mullane: "there are no maidens on this flight". She was the center of attention on such visits, and one contractor engineer became a stalker, sending her unwelcome letters, poems and gifts. Eventually, after he appeared
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selection that included women. This involved taking a pay cut, as her new salary was considerably less than what she was being paid at Xerox. Her fellow astronaut candidates nicknamed her "JR". She dated some of them. She trained intensely and with great determination, focusing particularly on her
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This is the only evidence that shows
Onizuka and Resnik were alive after the cockpit separated from the vehicle. If the cabin had lost pressure, the air packs alone would not have sustained the crew during the two-minute descent. Resnik's remains were recovered from the crashed vehicle cockpit by
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with its scenes of Resnik deploying a satellite and eating and sleeping in space. She told them that it was a shame that they could not all fly in space, but privately she disagreed with NASA's decision to send non-astronauts on the Space
Shuttle. Resnik's assignment was tied to McAuliffe's; NASA
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astronaut to go into space, and the first Jewish woman. Her duties included operating the Space
Shuttle's robotic arm, which she helped create and on which she was an expert. On the first day of the mission, Resnik and Mullane deployed the first of three commercial communications satellites, the
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while taking a college course available to high school students, she also met with him there. Her parents acrimoniously divorced while she was a teenager, and custody was given to her mother, as was the custom in the United States. Her mother's dislike of Nahmi became more intense, and Nahmi
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to bolster her credentials. Resnik qualified as a pilot in 1977, while completing her Ph.D., having achieved near-perfect scores in her flying exams (two 100s and a 98). When she received a promotion at RCA and again when she completed her doctorate, he suggested she send NASA a
816:, who had specialized on it. Resnik was considered best qualified, but was passed over in favor of Ride because it was felt that Resnik was less comfortable with public affairs, and the first American woman to fly in space would attract an unusual amount of public interest.
574:. She was a design engineer on missile and radar projects and won the Graduate Study Program Award. She performed circuit design for the missile and surface radar division. While at RCA, she worked for the Navy building custom integrated circuitry for the
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lifted off for the first time, and was in orbit eight minutes later. Resnik invited her family to watch the launch from the VIP viewing area. This included her father, brother, Oldak and Nahmi. Her mother was also in attendance, to avoid bad publicity.
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Resnik married Oldak on July 14, 1970. Her mother attended the wedding; two sets of invitations were sent out, one describing her as her father's daughter, and the other as her mother's. Upon graduation from
Carnegie Mellon, Resnik and Oldak moved to
634:. An academic paper co-written by her concerning the biomedical engineering of optometry ("A novel rapid scanning microspectrophotometer and its use in measuring rhodopsin photoproduct pathways and kinetics in frog retinas") was published in the
1053:. Resnik was part of the team of astronauts who flew to Washington, D.C., to speak to the 113 finalists, and provide them an insider's view of a Space Shuttle mission. They were taken to the National Air and Space Museum, where they viewed
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Resnik, Judith A.; Malerba, Franco E.; Colburn, Theodore R.; Murray, George C.; Smith, T. G. (1978). "A novel rapid scanning microspectrophotometer and its use in measuring rhodopsin photoproduct pathways and kinetics in frog retinas".
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The STS-41-D mission's launch was delayed three times. The first attempt, on June 25, 1984, was aborted due to a failure of the backup computer. The following day, during the second attempt, the computer detected a fault in one of the
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said: "I thought she was really really bright, obviously a very beautiful person, flirtatious, funny. She was just a live wire. We would do the happy hours, or we'd go on these NASA trips, and Judy was just a star attraction."
484:. She was an outstanding student, excelling in mathematics, languages and piano. She played classical piano, and at one point considered a career as a concert pianist. Before college, she attained a perfect score on her
1191:; Judith A. Resnik Community Learning Center (formerly Fairlawn Elementary) which she had attended was renamed in her honor in her hometown of Akron; and Judith A. Resnik Middle School, established in 2016, in
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Resnik was noticed for her intellectual ability while still in kindergarten, and she entered elementary school a year early. She attended
Fairlawn Elementary School, Simon Perkins Junior High School, and
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in electrical engineering with honors at the
University of Maryland, writing her dissertation on "Bleaching kinetics of visual pigments". Her research involved the effects of electrical currents on the
906:, Resnik started calling Mullane "Tarzan" and Hawley "Cheetah"; when the office secretaries heard about this, they began referring to the STS-41-D crew as the "zoo crew". Resnik was a fan of the actor
969:, Resnik's hair became caught in the camera's belt feed mechanism. The camera jammed, and she had to be cut free with scissors. Strands of loose hair floated about the cabin. Hartsfield informed the
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lectures with her boyfriend
Michael Oldak, she developed a passion for the subject. She was one of three female students in electrical engineering. She was a gourmet cook and a navigator in
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that the camera had jammed, but did not say why. Coats was able to repair the camera, and
Hartsfield continued filming, while Resnik kept her distance. The crew deployed a third satellite,
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1305:, Germany. He was talked down after a telephone call to Resnik's relatives in the United States, during which he discussed a tribute page he had created for her on the
934:, where the faulty engine was replaced. A further launch attempt was made on August 29, but was again delayed for a day due to a software issue. Finally, on August 30,
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mission included all six women, but since the mission involved the use of the RMS, the choice of the first to fly on the Space Shuttle narrowed to Resnik, Ride and
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Resnik worked on research into the principle of orbital systems, flight software and the development of systems of manual control of spacecraft. She developed the
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910:, and had a coffee cup that said: "Excuse No. 1: I'm Saving Myself for Tom Selleck." Her crewmates hid a poster of Tom Selleck behind the bathroom curtain on
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610:. She then entered a doctoral program. Resnik and Oldak divorced in 1975—he wanted children and she did not—but they remained in contact and on good terms.
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and is presented annually to an individual or team in recognition of outstanding contributions to space engineering in areas of relevance to the IEEE. The
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systems programs. An academic paper she wrote on special purpose integrated circuitry caught the attention of NASA during this time. She registered for
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and they were cremated and scattered over the water. The unidentified remains of the seven crew members were cremated and buried at the Space Shuttle
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s destruction and had reached for that switch. It was the type of thing a true astronaut would do—maintain their cool in the direst of circumstances.
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Polensky), a legal secretary. She had a brother, Charles, who was four years younger. Her father was the son of a rabbi, and he had been born in
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array. During the mission, she held up a hand-written sign saying "Hi Dad" to the cameras, and in a live televised broadcast told President
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Mike Smith's PEAP had been turned on by Judy or El, I wondered if I would have had the presence of mind to do the same thing had I been in
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exam, the only woman in the country to do so that year and only the sixteenth woman in US history. She graduated from Firestone in 1966 as
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Although her mother disapproved of her dating, Resnik had a series of boyfriends. She preferred to socialize with boys from the nearby
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regarded scanning for "LVLH" (local vertical/local horizontal), reminding the cockpit crew of a switch configuration change to the
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Initially scheduled for January 24, 1986, the launch was delayed until January 28 by rain, high winds, a troublesome bolt on the
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of Carnegie Mellon, also encouraged Resnik to apply for the program. After she completed her doctorate, Resnik became a senior
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1033:. It would also carry the Spartan (Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy), which would use two ultraviolet
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After her divorce from Oldak, Resnik reconnected with Nahmi, who was now a commercial airline pilot. When he heard that the
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Resnik was reading from the launch checklist in her role as flight engineer. The switch change was necessary to alter the
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355:, and published research on special-purpose integrated circuitry. She was also a pilot and made research contributions to
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1089:. The cabin remained intact until it hit the water at 207 mph, killing all on board. Resnik's last recorded words aboard
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crew, including Resnik's brother, Charles, in honor of the crew members. Its goal is to increase children's interest in
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at 11:38 on January 28. A minute later it broke up, torn apart by aerodynamic forces after a catastrophic failure of an
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and two other crew members. The location of Smith's activation switch on the back of his seat means either Resnik or
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in the office, he had to be dealt with by NASA security. After Hawley and Mullane had a fawning encounter with actor
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after becoming only the sixteenth woman in the history of the United States to have attained a perfect score on the
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In 2003, Franz Stephan Strambach, a deranged man obsessed with Resnik, threatened to crash his aircraft into the
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degree in electrical engineering from Carnegie Mellon University (as it now was) in 1970. She became a member of
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2637:"Letter from Joseph Kerwin to Richard Truly relating to the deaths of the astronauts in the Challenger accident"
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2568:(Report) (Final ed.). Houston, Texas: Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. p. FB 2-5. JSC-48005-134
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625:. As a biomedical engineer, Resnik researched the physiology of visual systems. In 1977 she earned her
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in military intelligence, conducting prisoner of war interrogations and aerial reconnaissance in the
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313:. She was the fourth woman, the second American woman and the first Jewish woman of any nationality
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1943:"Coverage from the day space shuttle Challenger exploded: Resnik liked a job label with no frills"
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Women in Space: 23 Stories of First Flights, Scientific Missions, and Gravity-Breaking Adventures
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mission, with an "I love Tom Selleck" sticker on her locker. A handwritten card reads: "Hi Dad".
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from low-vertical to low-horizontal flight mode in case they had to make an emergency abort.
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808:(CapCom) duties. The shortlisted candidates for the mission specialist assignments for the
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1406:"This Day in Jewish History / Female astronaut who would die in shuttle explosion is born"
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was named after her, as was one on Venus, where all features are named after women. An
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for her first flight. Landmarks and buildings named for her include a dormitory at her
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Following the disaster, examination of the recovered vehicle cockpit revealed that the
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Recognized while still a child for her intellectual brilliance, Resnik was accepted at
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While working on her doctorate, Resnik switched jobs in 1974, and went to work as a
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as an engineer on Navy missile and radar projects, as a senior systems engineer for
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Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary Completing the Twentieth Century
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2689:"Some Fear Learning How Loved Ones Died : Crew Discovery Upsets Shuttle Kin"
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On January 29, 1985, NASA announced that Resnik had been assigned to the crew of
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This article is about the engineer and astronaut. For the legal academic, see
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described her as "an excellent pilot". Asked about Resnik, fellow astronaut
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Engineering Women: Re-visioning Women's Scientific Achievements and Impacts
1907:
1045:, would deploy and later retrieve the Spartan. The flight would also carry
259:
3363:
NASA's First Space Shuttle Astronaut Selection: Redefining the Right Stuff
1676:"Judy Resnik: Family, Friends Remember Engineer Who Reached for the Stars"
6467:
5850:
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3511:
was created from a revision of this article dated 6 August 2022
2043:(Interview). Interviewed by Jennifer Ross-Nazzal. Murfreesboro, Tennessee
1915:
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Resnik became the second American woman in space. She was also the first
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1349:"Biographical Data – Judith A. Resnik (Ph.D.) NASA astronaut (deceased)"
1854:
1852:
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1794:
1792:
978:
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2955:"At NASA's Day of Remembrance, 25 names are forever remembered at KSC"
2764:"Resnik House – Housing & Residential Education – Student Affairs"
452:. He was fluent in eight languages and served in the U.S. Army during
3943:
1518:"Marvin Resnik, father of Challenger astronaut Judith Resnik, was 90"
1082:
1026:
952:
631:
465:
253:
1965:
1963:
1584:
1582:
1187:, Carnegie Mellon University; Judith A. Resnik Elementary School in
230:
3419:. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
2387:
2385:
1158:
853:
829:
809:
652:
578:
control systems and developed electronics and software for NASA's
511:
3304:
Riding Rockets: The Outrageous Tales of a Space Shuttle Astronaut
3165:
The Real Stuff: A History of NASA's Astronaut Recruitment Program
2738:"Challenger Crew Honored With Congressional Space Medal Of Honor"
2296:"35 Years Ago: STS-41D – First Flight of Space Shuttle Discovery"
1829:
2983:
1431:"Sarah Resnik Belfer, mother of astronaut Judith Resnik, was 89"
960:
602:
Resnik continued to work for RCA, transferring to its office in
9154:
8053:
6369:
4927:
4497:
4459:
4244:
3990:
3787:
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2594:(Report). NASA. pp. 2.7-3–2.7-6. USA007587. Archived from
1814:. The Ohio Historical Society Collections Blog. Archived from
1708:"Although their marriage ended in divorce in 1976, Michael..."
1480:"Two Paths to the Stars: Turnings and Triumphs; Judith Resnik"
1163:
Amy Resnik, wife of Charles Resnik, touches the Space Shuttle
999:
on September 5, after a flight lasting 6 days and 56 minutes.
626:
571:
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3246:
Tragedy and Triumph in Orbit: The Eighties and Early Nineties
1569:
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749:, working in product development. She rented an apartment in
713:
from her home state of Ohio. Nahmi convinced her to obtain a
3489:
2810:. Judith A. Resnik Community Learning Center. Archived from
3783:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
951:. On the second day, the crew released a second satellite,
3190:
Bernstein, Joanne E; Blue, Rose; Gerber, Alan Jay (1990).
2880:"Soviet Union to Name 2 Venus Craters for Shuttle's Women"
2418:"NASA Names Crews to Deploy Satellites in Year-End Flight"
1648:
1646:
2906:"Seven Asteroids are Named for Crew of the Space Shuttle"
1623:
1621:
1457:"A brother's emotional remembrance: 'Judy was brilliant'"
1058:
wanted McAuliffe to fly with a veteran female astronaut.
9514:
Carnegie Mellon University College of Engineering alumni
606:, and she continued pursuing her master's degree at the
539:, in which she took part many times with Oldak in his
476:
in 1962. The Bat Mitzvah was not common at this time.
448:
in the 1920s, and then to the United States after the
430:, on April 5, 1949, the daughter of Marvin Resnik, an
9417:
2447:
2445:
1730:"Local News in Brief : Pilot Alleges Conspiracy"
865:
In February 1983, Resnik was assigned to the crew of
756:
In January 1978, at age 28, Resnik was selected as a
9534:
Recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor
3446:. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO.
2664:"Navy Divers Sight Astronaut Cabin; Dead are Aboard"
959:. While Hartsfield was filming its release with the
800:
would become the first woman in the group to fly in
9297:
9165:
8988:
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2548:
2536:
2485:
2416:Redmond, Charles; White, Terry (January 29, 1985).
2328:
2316:
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2073:
1993:
1969:
1928:
1870:
1858:
1798:
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1600:
1588:
1542:
1504:
1025:. The main objective of this mission was to launch
293:(April 5, 1949 – January 28, 1986) was an American
270:
252:
218:
195:
185:
175:
168:
140:
112:
102:
86:
60:
41:
1758:Spencer, Scott; Spolar, Chris (January 16, 1987).
472:at Beth El Synagogue in Akron and celebrating her
382:mission in August and September 1984, the twelfth
3219:Women Spacefarers: Sixty Different Paths to Space
1236:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
1210:A memorial to Resnik and the rest of the crew of
1112:likely activated it for him. Mike Mullane wrote:
789:and operating procedures for the Space Shuttle's
2857:"Challenger Astronauts Memorialized on the Moon"
1981:
1252:science, technology, engineering and mathematics
1124:the terrifying sights and sounds and motions of
1049:, a teacher-observer selected as part of NASA's
1246:was established in 1986 by the families of the
1114:
3167:. Praeger special studies. New York: Praeger.
3163:Atkinson, Joseph D.; Shafritz, Jay M. (1985).
2097:
2031:
2029:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1745:
705:. She also met with another former astronaut,
4471:
4436:List of United States Marine Corps astronauts
4256:
4002:
3799:
3562:
2423:(Press release). NASA. 85-005. Archived from
2129:(Press release). NASA. 83-003. Archived from
981:of Canada, without mishap the following day.
8:
4441:List of United States Space Force astronauts
3774:indicate the award was bestowed posthumously
3007:. Society of Women Engineers. Archived from
2736:Jacobs, Bob; Mahone, Glenn (July 23, 2004).
2391:
2109:
1612:
796:Other astronauts felt that either Resnik or
701:, and she met with him in his office at the
621:at the Laboratory of Neurophysiology at the
370:At age 28, Resnik was selected by NASA as a
9554:University of Maryland, College Park alumni
9504:American people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent
3541:Autographed Letter of Astronaut Judy Resnik
3415:Ware, Susan; Braukman, Stacy, eds. (2004).
3084:. University of Maryland School of Medicine
2587:United Space Alliance (December 15, 2008).
2453:"Space Shuttle Missions STS-51-L Press Kit"
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
1167:Memorial after a wreath-laying ceremony at
27:American engineer and astronaut (1949–1986)
9162:
9151:
8061:
8050:
6377:
6366:
4935:
4924:
4505:
4494:
4478:
4464:
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4263:
4249:
4241:
4009:
3995:
3987:
3806:
3792:
3784:
3569:
3555:
3547:
2192:"Frankfurt flier 'has astronaut fixation'"
1701:
1699:
1697:
400:, where her duties included operating its
49:
38:
9544:Space Shuttle Challenger disaster victims
1887:Journal of the Optical Society of America
1573:
1399:
1397:
1218:, where she lived while stationed at the
637:Journal of the Optical Society of America
3519:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
3502:
3128:Froelich, Janis D. (February 23, 1990).
2980:"IEEE AESS Judith A. Resnik Space Award"
1371:
1369:
869:, the twelfth Space Shuttle flight, the
444:in Ukraine. His family had emigrated to
9424:
4426:List of astronauts by year of selection
2932:"Memorial dedicated to Challenger crew"
2619:
2497:
2403:
2364:
2352:
2247:
2212:
2178:
2166:
2154:
2061:
1478:Kolbert, Elizabeth (February 9, 1986).
1335:
1290:
1079:Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39B
858:Resnik's flight suit on display at the
725:Resnik's mentor and advisor, Professor
9519:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
4020:, "TFNG (Thirty-Five New Guys)", 1978
3330:Shayler, David; Moule, Ian A. (2006).
2833:Friedman, Courtney (August 18, 2016).
2510:Broad, William J. (January 28, 1986).
1652:
1343:
1341:
1339:
955:IV-2, also known as Leasat 2, for the
731:Carnegie Mellon College of Engineering
9489:20th-century American women engineers
2878:Schmemann, Serge (February 2, 1986).
2473:
2376:
2340:
2085:
1379:Bleaching kinetics of visual pigments
1171:as part of NASA's Day of Remembrance.
685:National Air and Space Administration
435:
328:exam. She graduated with a degree in
260:Bleaching Kinetics of Visual Pigments
7:
3444:American Women of Science Since 1900
3365:. Chicester, UK: Praxis Publishing.
3332:Women in Space – Following Valentina
2662:Broad, William J. (March 10, 1986).
2008:"T-38s Soar as Spaceflight Trainers"
1941:Renner, Lisanne (January 29, 1986).
1706:Ferraro, Thomas (February 3, 1986).
1382:(PhD thesis). University of Maryland
1175:Resnik was posthumously awarded the
126:University of Maryland, College Park
3192:Judith Resnik, Challenger Astronaut
2904:Sullivan, Walter (March 27, 1986).
2715:"Space Shuttle Challenger Memorial"
2122:Lawrence, John (February 4, 1983).
2006:Siceloff, Steven (April 20, 2011).
594:. In 1971, Oldak was accepted into
340:in electrical engineering from the
9499:American people of Israeli descent
3939:Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster
3579:Congressional Space Medal of Honor
1760:"The Epic Flight of Judith Resnik"
1222:. She is also commemorated on the
1177:Congressional Space Medal of Honor
1031:Tracking and Data Relay Satellites
769:physical fitness. She piloted the
657:Resnik poses with the rest of the
148:Congressional Space Medal of Honor
25:
6787:Mary of the Annunciation Beaumont
4035:← NASA Astronaut Group 8 →
3275:. Chicago: Chicago Review Press.
2549:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2537:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2486:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2329:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2317:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2272:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2260:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
2227:"Discovery's crew includes woman"
2074:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1994:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1970:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1929:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1871:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1859:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1799:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1784:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1601:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1589:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1505:Bernstein, Blue & Gerber 1990
1404:Green, David B. (April 5, 2015).
1299:Seat of the European Central Bank
1029:, the second in a series of NASA
464:. Resnik grew up in an observant
426:Judith Arlene Resnik was born in
404:. Her second Shuttle mission was
9539:Space Shuttle program astronauts
9451:
9439:
9427:
4021:
3871:
3840:
3501:
2953:Kelly, Emre (January 30, 2020).
2930:Hooper, Celia (March 21, 1987).
1674:Swaney, Chriss (March 1, 2011).
596:Georgetown University Law Center
522:Carnegie Institute of Technology
322:Carnegie Institute of Technology
229:
224:
9494:20th-century American engineers
7249:Daeida Hartell Wilcox Beveridge
3392:. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
2225:Talley, Olive (June 23, 1984).
2124:"STS-11 and STS-12 Crews Named"
1234:was established in 1986 by the
482:Harvey S. Firestone High School
174:
7458:Rae Natalie Prosser de Goodall
2589:Shuttle Crew Operations Manual
900:, who was working on the film
317:, logging 145 hours in orbit.
1:
8471:Frances Seiberling Buchholzer
4431:Astronaut ranks and positions
3977:(2020 documentary miniseries)
3543:Shapell Manuscript Foundation
3536:Challenger's Enduring Mission
2717:. Arlington National Cemetery
1260:portrayed Resnik in the 1990
703:National Air and Space Museum
623:National Institutes of Health
570:, where they both worked for
365:National Institutes of Health
3974:Challenger: The Final Flight
3194:. New York: Lodestar Books.
2766:. Carnegie Mellon University
1982:Atkinson & Shafritz 1985
1812:"Remembering the Challenger"
1682:. Carnegie Mellon University
1320:attitude direction indicator
1207:, was also named after her.
1095:attitude direction indicator
930:had to be taken back to the
8790:Joyce "Snowfeather" Mahaney
3217:Cavallaro, Umberto (2017).
2808:"About Us – Resnik CLC K-5"
2194:. BBC News. January 6, 2003
1629:"Judith Resnik (1949–1986)"
1232:IEEE Judith A. Resnik Award
1179:. She was also awarded the
1169:Arlington National Cemetery
1149:Arlington National Cemetery
963:camera for the documentary
107:Arlington National Cemetery
9570:
9484:20th-century American Jews
8438:Georgeta Blebea Washington
3442:Wayne, Tiffany K. (2011).
2563:Ascent Checklist – STS-134
2098:Shayler & Burgess 2020
2041:"Rhea Seddon Oral History"
1459:. WBALTV. January 28, 2016
1240:Society of Women Engineers
1010:
949:Satellite Business Systems
920:Space Shuttle main engines
823:
676:
592:University of Pennsylvania
520:At age 17, Resnik entered
117:Carnegie Mellon University
29:
9509:American women astronauts
9161:
9150:
8614:Jeraldyne Kilborn Blunden
8559:Viola Startzman Robertson
8262:Frances Jennings Casement
8060:
8049:
6376:
6365:
4934:
4923:
4504:
4493:
4487:Ohio Women's Hall of Fame
4240:
4030:
3869:
3838:
3821:
3767:
3585:
3388:Tietjen, Jill S. (2017).
3005:"Resnik Challenger Medal"
1279:List of female astronauts
1104:were activated for pilot
1102:Personal Egress Air Packs
932:Vehicle Assembly Building
834:Resnik on the middeck of
791:Remote Manipulator System
751:Redondo Beach, California
284:
280:
245:
241:
237:
161:
48:
32:Judith Resnik (professor)
9524:NASA civilian astronauts
9187:Gayle Channing Tenenbaum
8119:Patricia Louise Fletcher
7623:Jacquelyn Mayer Townsend
7095:Ellen Walker Craig-Jones
6523:Phebe Temperance Sutliff
6512:Fanchon bat-Lillian Shur
6181:Jeanette Grasselli Brown
5939:Anastasia Ann Przelomski
3934:Rogers Commission Report
3221:. Chichester: Springer.
2859:. NASA. January 28, 2011
2392:Shayler & Moule 2006
2110:Shayler & Moule 2006
1631:. Jewish Virtual Library
1613:Ware & Braukman 2004
1051:Teacher in Space Project
9529:People from Akron, Ohio
8944:Elizabeth Stewart Magee
8735:Margaret Brugler Rogers
8130:Jean Patrice Harrington
7678:Marianne Boggs Campbell
6413:Luella Talmadge Jackson
3966:The Challenger Disaster
2298:. NASA. August 27, 2019
1376:Resnik, Judith (1977).
1181:NASA Space Flight Medal
715:private pilot's license
590:evening courses at the
524:, where she joined the
408:in January 1986 aboard
153:NASA Space Flight Medal
55:Official portrait, 1978
9098:Mary Adelaide Sandusky
8801:Rozella M. Schlotfeldt
8647:Olga González-Sanabria
8317:Adella Prentiss Hughes
6754:Nancy Vertrone Bieniek
5972:Julia Montgomery Walsh
4640:Helen Grace McClelland
4037:NASA Astronaut Group 9
4033:NASA Astronaut Group 7
4018:NASA Astronaut Group 8
3497:
3477:Listen to this article
3334:. New York: Springer.
3307:. New York: Scribner.
3271:Gibson, Karen (2014).
3248:. New York: Springer.
2740:. NASA. Archived from
2639:. NASA. Archived from
2010:. NASA. Archived from
1908:10.1364/josa.68.000937
1189:Gaithersburg, Maryland
1172:
1133:
1085:seal on the starboard
997:Edwards Air Force Base
971:mission control center
862:
851:
762:NASA Astronaut Group 8
679:NASA Astronaut Group 8
674:
649:Selection and training
619:biomedical engineering
608:University of Maryland
568:Moorestown, New Jersey
533:electrical engineering
517:
434:, and his wife Sarah (
376:NASA Astronaut Group 8
357:biomedical engineering
342:University of Maryland
330:electrical engineering
8680:Ellen Mosley-Thompson
8086:Maude Charles Collins
8075:Paige Palmer-Ashbaugh
8008:Harriet Beecher Stowe
7293:Joy Garrison Cauffman
7260:Patricia Ann Blackmon
6996:Anne O'Hare McCormick
6930:Viola Famiano Colombi
5763:Mary Jen Steinbrenner
5587:Helen Hooven Santmyer
5565:Willa Beatrice Player
5510:Cindy Noble Hauserman
5202:Jean Starr Untermeyer
4530:Helen Chatfield Black
4274:NASA Astronaut Groups
4101:Francis "Dick" Scobee
3635:Charles "Pete" Conrad
3496:
3036:The Columbus Dispatch
2786:"Judith A. Resnik ES"
2561:NASA (May 24, 2010).
1522:Cleveland Jewish News
1435:Cleveland Jewish News
1390:– via Worldcat.
1224:Space Mirror Memorial
1162:
1136:Navy divers from the
1037:to study the tail of
857:
833:
711:United States senator
656:
604:Springfield, Virginia
515:
297:, software engineer,
8955:Kasturi Rajadhyaksha
8383:Mary Andrew Matesich
8306:Kathleen V. Harrison
8207:Yvonne Walker-Taylor
7843:Mary Jo Behrensmeyer
7777:Henrietta Seiberling
7766:Margaret Diane Quinn
6765:Stella Marie Zannoni
6049:Jewel Freeman Graham
5466:Mary E. Miller Young
5213:Harriet Taylor Upton
4574:Martha Kinney Cooper
4279:NASA Astronaut Corps
4076:Frederick D. Gregory
3863:Timeline of STS-51-L
3651:Virgil "Gus" Grissom
3528:More spoken articles
2788:. Montgomery Schools
2455:. NASA. January 1986
1738:. November 27, 1987.
1228:Kennedy Space Center
1220:Johnson Space Center
1087:solid rocket booster
947:SBS-4 satellite for
860:Johnson Space Center
806:capsule communicator
598:, and they moved to
450:1929 Hebron massacre
291:Judith Arlene Resnik
97:North Atlantic Ocean
65:Judith Arlene Resnik
8812:Katherine May Smith
8581:Kathryn D. Sullivan
8482:Joan Brown Campbell
7964:Marie Barrett Marsh
7568:Jean Murrell Capers
7403:Alice Robie Resnick
6985:Geraldine Macelwane
6600:Raquel Diaz-Sprague
6082:Carol Heiss Jenkins
5818:Elizabeth Blackwell
5741:Lauretta Schimmoler
5631:Lois Anna Barr Cook
5554:Catherine Pinkerton
5356:Harriet J. Anderson
5290:Grace Goulder Izant
5279:Zelma Watson George
5136:Tina Bischoff Lovin
4783:Charity Edna Earley
4761:Mary Ann Bickerdyke
4695:Marigene Valiquette
4629:Margaret A. Mahoney
4130:Mission specialists
4051:Daniel Brandenstein
3591:Michael P. Anderson
3357:Shayler, David J.;
3244:Evans, Ben (2012).
3011:on January 20, 2021
2430:on November 1, 2022
2394:, pp. 216–218.
2379:, pp. 263–264.
2367:, pp. 177–178.
2250:, pp. 115–116.
2157:, pp. 111–113.
2112:, pp. 198–199.
2100:, pp. 290–293.
1984:, pp. 163–165.
1900:1978JOSA...68..937R
1818:on January 5, 2016.
903:Tarzan, the Ape Man
771:Northrop T-38 Talon
693:, the 1974 book by
545:Bachelor of Science
516:Resnik in June 1979
462:occupation of Japan
460:and the subsequent
446:Mandatory Palestine
336:before attaining a
299:biomedical engineer
295:electrical engineer
190:NASA Group 8 (1978)
9319:Elizabeth H. Flick
9264:Martha Potter Otto
8977:Michele G. Wheatly
8878:Yvette McGee Brown
8779:Mary Ann Jorgenson
8548:Cathy Monroe Lewis
8019:Jerry Sue Thornton
7711:Stephanie J. Jones
7656:Thekla Shackelford
7150:Lucille Nussdorfer
7117:Jill Harms Griesse
6853:Helen Steiner Rice
6721:Virginia Ruehlmann
6622:Mary Ignatia Gavin
6479:Anne Variano Macko
6071:Rebecca D. Jackson
5994:Mary Ellen Withrow
5906:Ruth Ratner Miller
5873:Hooker Glendinning
5796:Kathleen L. Barber
5664:Barbara Easterling
5103:Doris Martha Weber
5081:Mary Louise Nemeth
5026:Esther Greisheimer
4772:Beatrice Cleveland
3747:Thomas P. Stafford
3577:Recipients of the
3498:
3134:is Too Boosterish"
3030:Tonguette, Peter.
2910:The New York Times
2884:The New York Times
2668:The New York Times
2601:on August 13, 2020
2516:The New York Times
2136:on January 8, 2023
1484:The New York Times
1197:crater on the Moon
1193:San Antonio, Texas
1173:
1055:The Dream is Alive
966:The Dream is Alive
863:
852:
758:mission specialist
675:
576:phased-array radar
537:sports car rallies
518:
501:Copley High School
468:home, studying at
374:. She was part of
372:mission specialist
347:Resnik worked for
9549:Systems engineers
9415:
9414:
9411:
9410:
9407:
9406:
9396:Carrie Vonderhaar
9275:Elizabeth Ruppert
9146:
9145:
9142:
9141:
8625:Shannon K. Carter
8570:Stefanie Spielman
8526:Katie T. Horstman
8493:Nancy Frankenberg
8339:Dorothy Kamenshek
8108:Margarita De Leon
8045:
8044:
8041:
8040:
7788:Mary Emily Taylor
7744:Audrey Mackiewicz
7337:Frances Dana Gage
7304:Bunny Cowan Clark
7282:Christine Brennan
7172:Emma Ann Reynolds
7073:Christine M. Cook
6952:Virginia Hamilton
6732:Josephine Schwarz
6688:Helen H. Peterson
6361:
6360:
6357:
6356:
6335:Charlene Spretnak
6291:Linda James Myers
6247:Florence Harshman
6126:Linda Rocker Sogg
5961:Selma Lois Walker
5928:Arline Webb Pratt
5895:Katherine LeVeque
5147:Dorothy Cornelius
5059:Blanche Krupansky
4971:Patricia M. Byrne
4919:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4904:Marjorie Whiteman
4519:Florence E. Allen
4453:
4452:
4449:
4448:
3984:
3983:
3918:Christa McAuliffe
3781:
3780:
3689:William C. McCool
3682:Christa McAuliffe
3494:
3453:978-1-59884-158-9
3426:978-0-674-01488-6
3399:978-3-319-40800-2
3341:978-1-85233-744-5
3314:978-0-7432-7682-5
3282:978-1-64160-313-3
3255:978-1-4614-3429-0
3228:978-3-319-34047-0
3201:978-0-525-67305-7
3174:978-0-03-005187-6
3082:"Resnik, Charles"
2693:Los Angeles Times
2551:, pp. 79–85.
2539:, pp. 71–73.
2488:, pp. 64–67.
2215:, pp. 90–91.
2014:on April 27, 2011
1996:, pp. 38–39.
1931:, pp. 32–33.
1873:, pp. 28–29.
1861:, pp. 28–30.
1801:, pp. 26–27.
1786:, pp. 22–25.
1735:Los Angeles Times
1655:, pp. 91–94.
1576:, pp. 28–31.
1262:made-for-TV movie
1244:Challenger Center
1214:was dedicated in
1151:on May 20, 1986.
1047:Christa McAuliffe
743:Xerox Corporation
690:Carrying the Fire
526:Alpha Epsilon Phi
353:Xerox Corporation
288:
287:
247:Scientific career
18:Judith A. Resnick
16:(Redirected from
9561:
9456:
9455:
9454:
9444:
9443:
9442:
9432:
9431:
9430:
9423:
9400:
9399:
9398:
9389:
9388:
9387:
9385:Linda S. Noelker
9378:
9377:
9376:
9374:Valerie J. Lyons
9367:
9366:
9365:
9363:Kleia R. Luckner
9356:
9355:
9354:
9345:
9344:
9343:
9334:
9333:
9332:
9323:
9322:
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9279:
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9211:
9202:
9201:
9200:
9191:
9190:
9189:
9180:
9179:
9178:
9163:
9152:
9135:
9134:
9133:
9131:Celia Williamson
9124:
9123:
9122:
9120:Bernett Williams
9113:
9112:
9111:
9102:
9101:
9100:
9091:
9090:
9089:
9080:
9079:
9078:
9069:
9068:
9067:
9065:Virginia Manning
9058:
9057:
9056:
9047:
9046:
9045:
9036:
9035:
9034:
9025:
9024:
9023:
9014:
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8903:
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8860:
8859:
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8849:
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8827:
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8825:
8816:
8815:
8814:
8805:
8804:
8803:
8794:
8793:
8792:
8783:
8782:
8781:
8772:
8771:
8770:
8761:
8760:
8759:
8757:Lucille Hastings
8750:
8749:
8748:
8739:
8738:
8737:
8717:
8716:
8715:
8706:
8705:
8704:
8702:Evlyn Gray Scott
8695:
8694:
8693:
8684:
8683:
8682:
8673:
8672:
8671:
8662:
8661:
8660:
8651:
8650:
8649:
8640:
8639:
8638:
8636:Luceille Fleming
8629:
8628:
8627:
8618:
8617:
8616:
8607:
8606:
8605:
8603:Sheila G. Bailey
8585:
8584:
8583:
8574:
8573:
8572:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8552:
8551:
8550:
8541:
8540:
8539:
8530:
8529:
8528:
8519:
8518:
8517:
8508:
8507:
8506:
8504:Zell Hart-Deming
8497:
8496:
8495:
8486:
8485:
8484:
8475:
8474:
8473:
8464:
8463:
8462:
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8441:
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8431:
8430:
8429:
8420:
8419:
8418:
8409:
8408:
8407:
8398:
8397:
8396:
8394:Elizabeth Powell
8387:
8386:
8385:
8376:
8375:
8374:
8372:Martha MacDonell
8365:
8364:
8363:
8354:
8353:
8352:
8343:
8342:
8341:
8332:
8331:
8330:
8328:Janet E. Jackson
8321:
8320:
8319:
8310:
8309:
8308:
8299:
8298:
8297:
8288:
8287:
8286:
8277:
8276:
8275:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8255:
8254:
8253:
8251:Rebecca Boreczky
8233:
8232:
8231:
8222:
8221:
8220:
8218:Margaret W. Wong
8211:
8210:
8209:
8200:
8199:
8198:
8189:
8188:
8187:
8178:
8177:
8176:
8167:
8166:
8165:
8163:Farah Majidzadeh
8156:
8155:
8154:
8145:
8144:
8143:
8134:
8133:
8132:
8123:
8122:
8121:
8112:
8111:
8110:
8101:
8100:
8099:
8090:
8089:
8088:
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8078:
8077:
8062:
8051:
8034:
8033:
8032:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8012:
8011:
8010:
8001:
8000:
7999:
7997:Lee Lenore Rubin
7990:
7989:
7988:
7979:
7978:
7977:
7968:
7967:
7966:
7957:
7956:
7955:
7953:Nancy Linenkugel
7946:
7945:
7944:
7935:
7934:
7933:
7924:
7923:
7922:
7913:
7912:
7911:
7902:
7901:
7900:
7891:
7890:
7889:
7880:
7879:
7878:
7869:
7868:
7867:
7858:
7857:
7856:
7847:
7846:
7845:
7825:
7824:
7823:
7821:Nancy L. Zimpher
7814:
7813:
7812:
7810:Jacqueline Woods
7803:
7802:
7801:
7792:
7791:
7790:
7781:
7780:
7779:
7770:
7769:
7768:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7748:
7747:
7746:
7737:
7736:
7735:
7733:Barbara Ross-Lee
7726:
7725:
7724:
7715:
7714:
7713:
7704:
7703:
7702:
7693:
7692:
7691:
7682:
7681:
7680:
7660:
7659:
7658:
7649:
7648:
7647:
7645:Beryl Rothschild
7638:
7637:
7636:
7627:
7626:
7625:
7616:
7615:
7614:
7612:Beatrice Lampkin
7605:
7604:
7603:
7594:
7593:
7592:
7583:
7582:
7581:
7572:
7571:
7570:
7561:
7560:
7559:
7550:
7549:
7548:
7528:
7527:
7526:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7513:Betty Montgomery
7506:
7505:
7504:
7495:
7494:
7493:
7484:
7483:
7482:
7473:
7472:
7471:
7469:Elizabeth Hauser
7462:
7461:
7460:
7451:
7450:
7449:
7440:
7439:
7438:
7436:Carol Cartwright
7418:
7417:
7416:
7407:
7406:
7405:
7396:
7395:
7394:
7385:
7384:
7383:
7374:
7373:
7372:
7370:Tami Longaberger
7363:
7362:
7361:
7352:
7351:
7350:
7341:
7340:
7339:
7330:
7329:
7328:
7319:
7318:
7317:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7297:
7296:
7295:
7286:
7285:
7284:
7275:
7274:
7273:
7271:Mary Bowermaster
7264:
7263:
7262:
7253:
7252:
7251:
7242:
7241:
7240:
7220:
7219:
7218:
7209:
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7198:
7197:
7196:
7187:
7186:
7185:
7176:
7175:
7174:
7165:
7164:
7163:
7154:
7153:
7152:
7143:
7142:
7141:
7132:
7131:
7130:
7128:Georgia Griffith
7121:
7120:
7119:
7110:
7109:
7108:
7099:
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7088:
7087:
7086:
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7053:
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7020:
7011:
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7000:
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6998:
6989:
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6987:
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6966:
6965:
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6954:
6945:
6944:
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6934:
6933:
6932:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6912:
6911:
6910:
6901:
6900:
6899:
6879:
6878:
6877:
6875:Louella Thompson
6868:
6867:
6866:
6857:
6856:
6855:
6846:
6845:
6844:
6835:
6834:
6833:
6824:
6823:
6822:
6813:
6812:
6811:
6809:Rubie McCullough
6802:
6801:
6800:
6798:Antoinette Eaton
6791:
6790:
6789:
6769:
6768:
6767:
6758:
6757:
6756:
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6624:
6615:
6614:
6613:
6604:
6603:
6602:
6593:
6592:
6591:
6582:
6581:
6580:
6571:
6570:
6569:
6567:Earladeen Badger
6560:
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6428:
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6426:
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6415:
6406:
6405:
6404:
6395:
6394:
6393:
6378:
6367:
6350:
6349:
6348:
6346:Charlene Ventura
6339:
6338:
6337:
6328:
6327:
6326:
6317:
6316:
6315:
6306:
6305:
6304:
6295:
6294:
6293:
6284:
6283:
6282:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6269:Geraldine Jensen
6262:
6261:
6260:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6240:
6239:
6238:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6218:
6217:
6216:
6214:Betsy Mix Cowles
6207:
6206:
6205:
6196:
6195:
6194:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6163:
6162:
6161:
6159:Anita Smith Ward
6152:
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6119:
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5756:
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5754:
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5734:
5733:
5732:
5730:Helen Mulholland
5723:
5722:
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5690:
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5688:
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5656:
5655:
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5635:
5634:
5633:
5613:
5612:
5611:
5609:Joyce Wollenberg
5602:
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5303:
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5283:
5282:
5281:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5246:A. Margaret Boyd
5228:
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5216:
5215:
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5019:
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5008:
5007:
5006:
5004:Dorothy Fuldheim
4997:
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4995:
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4963:
4962:
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4896:
4895:
4893:Clara Weisenborn
4886:
4885:
4884:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4871:Bobbie L. Sterne
4864:
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4786:
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4774:
4765:
4764:
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4753:
4752:
4750:Mary Jobe Akeley
4732:
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4710:
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4620:
4611:
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4609:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4596:Jane Edna Hunter
4589:
4588:
4587:
4585:Gertrude Donahey
4578:
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4576:
4567:
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4565:
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4473:
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4265:
4258:
4251:
4242:
4232:James van Hoften
4222:Kathryn Sullivan
4025:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3988:
3893:Michael J. Smith
3875:
3844:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3785:
3741:Michael J. Smith
3735:William Shepherd
3615:Roger B. Chaffee
3571:
3564:
3557:
3548:
3518:
3516:
3505:
3504:
3495:
3485:
3483:
3478:
3465:
3438:
3411:
3384:
3372:978-3030-45741-9
3353:
3326:
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3240:
3213:
3186:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3104:"Charles Resnik"
3100:
3094:
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3078:
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3067:
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2866:
2864:
2853:
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2846:
2844:
2842:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2814:on April 7, 2023
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
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2776:
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2773:
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2754:
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2749:
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2727:
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2722:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2695:. March 16, 1986
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2643:on July 23, 2009
2629:
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2143:
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2135:
2128:
2119:
2113:
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2039:(May 21, 2010).
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1947:Orlando Sentinel
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1524:. March 18, 2010
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1437:. March 18, 2011
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1122:
1077:lifted off from
1064:
885:Henry Hartsfield
876:
839:
739:systems engineer
722:informing them.
709:, who was now a
669:crew during the
662:
600:Washington, D.C.
494:homecoming queen
439:
411:
393:
386:flight, and the
305:who died in the
272:Doctoral advisor
266:
233:
228:
220:Mission insignia
93:
90:January 28, 1986
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9308:Cheryl A. Boyce
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8845:Dorothy Baunach
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8141:Shirley Hoffman
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7973:
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7698:
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7689:Carole Garrison
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7447:Elizabeth Evans
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7139:Florence Melton
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7106:Nanette Ferrall
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7084:Claudia Coulton
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6983:
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6974:Joy Alice Hintz
6972:
6971:
6970:
6963:Lucy Webb Hayes
6961:
6960:
6959:
6950:
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6948:
6939:
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6928:
6927:
6926:
6919:Virginia Coffey
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6666:Martha C. Moore
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6564:
6563:
6556:Berenice Abbott
6554:
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6552:
6541:
6534:Grayce Williams
6532:
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6510:
6509:
6508:
6501:Ludel Sauvageot
6499:
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6435:Rosabeth Kanter
6433:
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6409:
6402:Dorothy Jackson
6400:
6399:
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6299:
6298:
6289:
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6280:Carolyn Mahoney
6278:
6277:
6276:
6267:
6266:
6265:
6256:
6255:
6254:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6236:Michelle Graves
6234:
6233:
6232:
6223:
6222:
6221:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6201:
6200:
6199:
6192:Maxine Carnahan
6190:
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6179:
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6115:Alice Raful Lev
6113:
6112:
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6102:
6101:
6100:
6091:
6090:
6089:
6080:
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6078:
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6067:
6060:Cathy Guisewite
6058:
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6056:
6047:
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6035:
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6027:Patricia Clonch
6025:
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5869:
5862:Cynthia Drennan
5860:
5859:
5858:
5849:
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5785:Margaret Andrew
5783:
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5706:
5705:
5704:
5697:Mary K. Lazarus
5695:
5694:
5693:
5686:Aurora Gonzalez
5684:
5683:
5682:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5662:
5661:
5660:
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5650:
5649:
5642:Mercedes Cotner
5640:
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5543:Mary Rose Oakar
5541:
5540:
5539:
5530:
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5528:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5508:
5507:
5506:
5499:Sarah E. Harris
5497:
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5418:
5411:Josephine Irwin
5409:
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5341:
5334:Helen Zelkowitz
5332:
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5180:Eusebia Hunkins
5178:
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4860:Rachel Redinger
4858:
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4704:
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4684:Ella P. Stewart
4682:
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4680:
4673:Lottie Randolph
4671:
4670:
4669:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4618:Virginia Kunkle
4616:
4615:
4614:
4607:Consolata Kline
4605:
4604:
4603:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4563:Harriet Bracken
4561:
4560:
4559:
4552:Elizabeth Boyer
4550:
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4500:
4489:
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4454:
4445:
4414:
4283:
4269:
4236:
4197:Ellison Onizuka
4172:Jeffrey Hoffman
4125:
4121:Donald Williams
4086:Frederick Hauck
4081:S. David Griggs
4039:
4026:
4015:
3985:
3980:
3922:
3903:Ellison Onizuka
3876:
3867:
3845:
3834:
3817:
3812:
3782:
3777:
3763:
3703:Ellison Onizuka
3581:
3575:
3532:
3531:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3509:This audio file
3506:
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729:, then Dean of
727:Angel G. Jordan
699:Michael Collins
681:
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615:research fellow
588:master's degree
580:sounding rocket
560:honor societies
543:. She earned a
458:Pacific Theater
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361:research fellow
334:Carnegie Mellon
315:to fly in space
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5532:Karen Nussbaum
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5444:Gloria Steinem
5438:
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5169:Phyllis Diller
5163:
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5109:
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5070:Hattie Larlham
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4882:Ethel Swanbeck
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4805:Bernice Kochan
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4794:Eleanor Jammal
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4541:Frances Bolton
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4227:Norman Thagard
4224:
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4217:Robert Stewart
4214:
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4066:John Creighton
4063:
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3920:
3915:
3913:Gregory Jarvis
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3855:Space Shuttle
3851:
3849:
3846:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3826:Space Shuttle
3822:
3819:
3818:
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3803:
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3779:
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3706:
3699:
3692:
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3678:
3673:
3668:
3665:Gregory Jarvis
3661:
3654:
3647:
3642:
3640:Robert Crippen
3637:
3632:
3625:
3622:Kalpana Chawla
3618:
3611:
3608:David M. Brown
3604:
3599:
3597:Neil Armstrong
3594:
3586:
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3576:
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3559:
3551:
3545:
3544:
3538:
3521:
3507:
3500:
3488:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:External links
3469:
3467:
3466:
3452:
3439:
3425:
3412:
3398:
3385:
3371:
3359:Burgess, Colin
3354:
3340:
3327:
3313:
3295:
3281:
3268:
3254:
3241:
3227:
3214:
3200:
3187:
3173:
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3120:
3108:Challenger.org
3095:
3073:
3061:Challenger.org
3048:
3022:
2996:
2971:
2945:
2934:. UPI Archives
2922:
2896:
2870:
2848:
2825:
2799:
2777:
2755:
2744:on May 4, 2021
2728:
2706:
2680:
2654:
2633:Kerwin, Joseph
2624:
2622:, p. 275.
2612:
2579:
2553:
2541:
2529:
2502:
2500:, p. 214.
2490:
2478:
2476:, p. 444.
2466:
2441:
2408:
2406:, p. 112.
2396:
2381:
2369:
2357:
2355:, p. 173.
2345:
2343:, p. 796.
2333:
2321:
2309:
2276:
2264:
2252:
2240:
2229:. UPI Archives
2217:
2205:
2183:
2181:, p. 115.
2171:
2169:, p. 114.
2159:
2147:
2114:
2102:
2090:
2088:, p. 249.
2078:
2066:
2054:
2025:
1998:
1986:
1974:
1959:
1933:
1921:
1894:(7): 937–948.
1875:
1863:
1846:
1821:
1803:
1788:
1776:
1741:
1721:
1693:
1657:
1642:
1617:
1615:, p. 426.
1605:
1593:
1578:
1574:Cavallaro 2017
1547:
1535:
1509:
1497:
1470:
1448:
1422:
1393:
1365:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1311:
1307:World Wide Web
1289:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1156:
1153:
1013:Space Shuttle
1011:Main article:
1008:
1003:Space Shuttle
1001:
824:Main article:
821:
818:
766:NASA astronaut
677:Main article:
650:
647:
645:
644:NASA astronaut
642:
492:and runner-up
423:
420:
307:Space Shuttle
303:NASA astronaut
286:
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208:Space Shuttle
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172:
170:NASA astronaut
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94:(aged 36)
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9364:
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9353:
9352:Mary C. Juhas
9347:
9342:
9341:Brenda Hollis
9336:
9331:
9325:
9320:
9314:
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9109:Glenna Watson
9104:
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9043:Sharon Howard
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8966:Julie Salamon
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8823:Florence Wang
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8768:Lillie Howard
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8405:Deborah Pryce
8400:
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8361:Irene D. Long
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8295:Susan F. Gray
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8273:Ruth L. Davis
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8152:Dorothy Kazel
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7920:Carole Hoover
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7887:Daisy Flowers
7882:
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7876:Electra Doren
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7579:Martha Dorsey
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7557:Marilyn Byers
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7392:Gratia Murphy
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6864:Alice Schille
6859:
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6699:Martha Pituch
6694:
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6677:Darlene Owens
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6330:
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6314:
6313:Diane Poulton
6308:
6303:
6302:Jennie Porter
6297:
6292:
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6264:
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6209:
6204:
6203:Tracy Chapman
6198:
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6149:
6143:
6138:
6137:Eleanor Smeal
6132:
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5725:
5720:
5719:Norma Marcere
5714:
5709:
5703:
5698:
5692:
5687:
5681:
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5670:
5665:
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5654:
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5626:
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5623:
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5610:
5604:
5599:
5593:
5588:
5582:
5577:
5576:Judith Resnik
5571:
5566:
5560:
5555:
5549:
5544:
5538:
5533:
5527:
5522:
5516:
5511:
5505:
5500:
5494:
5489:
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5482:
5480:
5476:
5467:
5461:
5456:
5455:Freda Winning
5450:
5445:
5439:
5434:
5433:Minnie Player
5428:
5423:
5422:Barbara Janis
5417:
5412:
5406:
5401:
5400:Mariwyn Heath
5395:
5390:
5389:Mary O. Boyle
5384:
5379:
5373:
5368:
5362:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5348:
5344:
5335:
5329:
5324:
5318:
5313:
5307:
5302:
5301:Toni Morrison
5296:
5291:
5285:
5280:
5274:
5269:
5268:Bernice Foley
5263:
5258:
5252:
5247:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5234:
5225:
5219:
5214:
5208:
5203:
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5186:
5181:
5175:
5170:
5164:
5159:
5153:
5148:
5142:
5137:
5131:
5126:
5125:Mildred Bayer
5120:
5119:
5117:
5113:
5104:
5098:
5093:
5087:
5082:
5076:
5071:
5065:
5060:
5054:
5049:
5048:Tella Kitchen
5043:
5038:
5032:
5027:
5021:
5016:
5010:
5005:
4999:
4994:
4988:
4983:
4982:Ruth Crawford
4977:
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4966:
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4723:
4718:
4712:
4707:
4706:Ann B. Walker
4701:
4696:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4674:
4668:
4663:
4657:
4652:
4651:Agnes Merritt
4646:
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4254:
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4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4202:Judith Resnik
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4192:George Nelson
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4182:Ronald McNair
4180:
4178:
4177:Shannon Lucid
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4167:Steven Hawley
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:Guion Bluford
4135:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4111:Loren Shriver
4109:
4107:
4106:Brewster Shaw
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4071:Robert Gibson
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4061:Richard Covey
4059:
4057:
4056:Michael Coats
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4012:
4007:
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4000:
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3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3908:Ronald McNair
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3898:Judith Resnik
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3874:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3848:Main articles
3843:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3797:
3795:
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3738:
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3728:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3717:Judith Resnik
3714:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3700:
3698:
3697:
3696:Ronald McNair
3693:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3676:Shannon Lucid
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3660:
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3413:
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3405:
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3395:
3391:
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3382:
3378:
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3368:
3364:
3360:
3355:
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3347:
3343:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3299:Mullane, Mike
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3251:
3247:
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3203:
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3139:
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3121:
3109:
3105:
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3074:
3062:
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3037:
3033:
3026:
3023:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2997:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2960:
2959:Florida Today
2956:
2949:
2946:
2933:
2926:
2923:
2911:
2907:
2900:
2897:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2871:
2858:
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2849:
2836:
2829:
2826:
2813:
2809:
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2800:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2743:
2739:
2732:
2729:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2694:
2690:
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2658:
2655:
2642:
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2628:
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2590:
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2580:
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2533:
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2517:
2513:
2506:
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2373:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2334:
2331:, p. 47.
2330:
2325:
2322:
2319:, p. 52.
2318:
2313:
2310:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2274:, p. 53.
2273:
2268:
2265:
2262:, p. 55.
2261:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2244:
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2221:
2218:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2193:
2187:
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2168:
2163:
2160:
2156:
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2132:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2079:
2076:, p. 40.
2075:
2070:
2067:
2064:, p. 72.
2063:
2058:
2055:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2013:
2009:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1972:, p. 34.
1971:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1948:
1944:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1709:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1630:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1603:, p. 14.
1602:
1597:
1594:
1591:, p. 10.
1590:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1545:, p. 12.
1544:
1539:
1536:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1510:
1506:
1501:
1498:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1471:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1423:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1381:
1380:
1372:
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1366:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1132:
1127:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1063:Space Shuttle
1059:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:Ronald McNair
1040:
1036:
1035:spectrometers
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1006:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
988:
987:Ronald Reagan
982:
980:
976:
972:
968:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
940:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
915:
913:
909:
905:
904:
899:
894:
893:Steven Hawley
890:
889:Michael Coats
886:
883:, along with
882:
881:
875:Space Shuttle
872:
871:maiden voyage
868:
861:
856:
849:
845:
844:
838:
837:Space Shuttle
832:
827:
819:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
794:
792:
788:
783:
780:
776:
772:
767:
763:
759:
754:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
691:
686:
680:
672:
668:
667:
661:
660:Space Shuttle
655:
648:
643:
641:
639:
638:
633:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
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581:
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569:
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546:
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538:
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530:
527:
523:
514:
510:
507:
502:
497:
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491:
490:valedictorian
487:
483:
477:
475:
471:
470:Hebrew school
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
438:
433:
429:
421:
419:
417:
416:
410:Space Shuttle
407:
403:
399:
398:
392:Space Shuttle
389:
388:maiden voyage
385:
384:Space Shuttle
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
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350:
345:
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335:
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236:
232:
227:
223:
217:
213:
211:
205:
201:
198:
194:
191:
188:
184:
180:
177:Time in space
171:
167:
164:
160:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
105:
103:Resting place
101:
89:
85:
80:
75:April 5, 1949
63:
59:
52:
47:
43:Judith Resnik
40:
37:
33:
19:
9253:Lana Moresky
9087:Judith Rycus
8999:Gail Collins
8856:Carrie Black
8691:Cathy Nelson
8537:Jennie Hwang
8515:Elsie Helsel
8416:Maria Sexton
8350:Maxine Levin
8284:Lucille Ford
8185:Lorle Porter
8097:Faye Dambrot
7942:Carol Latham
7909:Ann Hamilton
7634:Ann O'Rourke
7502:Fannie Lewis
7359:Sylvia Lewis
7348:Jane Kirkham
7216:Lillian Wald
7205:Deanna Tribe
7194:Paula Spence
7051:Pauline Riel
7018:Edna Pincham
6842:Susan Porter
6820:Nancy Oakley
6578:Hallie Brown
6424:Janet Kalven
6324:Renee Powell
6038:Norma Craden
6016:Anna Biggins
5829:Marie Clarke
5752:Marge Schott
5575:
5521:Marcy Kaptur
5488:Sally Cooper
5378:Eula Bingham
5257:Ann Eriksson
5224:Nancy Wilson
5191:Andre Norton
5092:Annie Oakley
5037:Edith Keller
5015:Lillian Gish
4960:Erma Bombeck
4949:Grace Berlin
4728:Marion Wells
4717:Stella Walsh
4201:
4187:Mike Mullane
4157:Dale Gardner
4142:James Buchli
4116:David Walker
4096:Steven Nagel
3972:
3964:
3956:
3949:
3897:
3856:
3827:
3771:
3751:
3739:
3730:Alan Shepard
3722:
3716:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3663:
3658:Rick Husband
3656:
3649:
3629:Laurel Clark
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3602:Frank Borman
3589:
3443:
3416:
3389:
3362:
3331:
3303:
3272:
3245:
3218:
3191:
3164:
3143:February 27,
3141:. Retrieved
3137:
3131:
3123:
3111:. Retrieved
3107:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3076:
3064:. Retrieved
3060:
3057:"Who We Are"
3051:
3039:. Retrieved
3035:
3025:
3013:. Retrieved
3009:the original
2999:
2987:. Retrieved
2974:
2962:. Retrieved
2958:
2948:
2938:February 27,
2936:. Retrieved
2925:
2913:. Retrieved
2909:
2899:
2889:February 27,
2887:. Retrieved
2883:
2873:
2863:February 27,
2861:. Retrieved
2851:
2841:February 27,
2839:. Retrieved
2828:
2816:. Retrieved
2812:the original
2802:
2790:. Retrieved
2780:
2768:. Retrieved
2758:
2748:November 15,
2746:. Retrieved
2742:the original
2731:
2721:February 27,
2719:. Retrieved
2709:
2699:February 11,
2697:. Retrieved
2692:
2683:
2673:February 27,
2671:. Retrieved
2667:
2657:
2645:. Retrieved
2641:the original
2627:
2620:Mullane 2006
2615:
2603:. Retrieved
2596:the original
2582:
2570:. Retrieved
2556:
2544:
2532:
2520:. Retrieved
2515:
2505:
2498:Mullane 2006
2493:
2481:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2432:. Retrieved
2425:the original
2411:
2404:Mullane 2006
2399:
2372:
2365:Mullane 2006
2360:
2353:Mullane 2006
2348:
2336:
2324:
2312:
2300:. Retrieved
2267:
2255:
2248:Mullane 2006
2243:
2231:. Retrieved
2220:
2213:Mullane 2006
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2186:
2179:Mullane 2006
2174:
2167:Mullane 2006
2162:
2155:Mullane 2006
2150:
2138:. Retrieved
2131:the original
2117:
2105:
2093:
2081:
2069:
2062:Tietjen 2017
2057:
2045:. Retrieved
2037:Seddon, Rhea
2016:. Retrieved
2012:the original
2001:
1989:
1977:
1950:. Retrieved
1946:
1936:
1924:
1891:
1885:
1878:
1866:
1837:. Retrieved
1834:Mortar Board
1833:
1824:
1816:the original
1806:
1779:
1769:February 27,
1767:. Retrieved
1763:
1733:
1724:
1714:February 27,
1712:. Retrieved
1686:February 27,
1684:. Retrieved
1679:
1635:February 25,
1633:. Retrieved
1608:
1596:
1538:
1528:February 25,
1526:. Retrieved
1521:
1512:
1507:, p. 9.
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1483:
1473:
1463:February 27,
1461:. Retrieved
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1434:
1425:
1415:February 27,
1413:. Retrieved
1409:
1386:February 27,
1384:. Retrieved
1378:
1358:February 27,
1356:. Retrieved
1314:
1293:
1264:
1258:Julie Fulton
1256:
1247:
1211:
1209:
1174:
1164:
1147:Memorial in
1144:
1139:
1134:
1125:
1117:
1115:
1099:
1090:
1074:
1073:
1067:
1060:
1054:
1039:Comet Halley
1020:
1014:
1004:
992:
991:
983:
964:
941:
935:
927:
916:
911:
901:
879:
864:
842:
795:
784:
755:
724:
688:
682:
665:
635:
612:
564:
557:Eta Kappa Nu
553:Mortar Board
519:
498:
478:
454:World War II
425:
414:
396:
369:
346:
319:
308:
301:, pilot and
290:
289:
258:
246:
209:
163:Space career
162:
92:(1986-01-28)
36:
9479:1986 deaths
9474:1949 births
9458:spaceflight
9054:Carol Kuhre
9021:Kim de Groh
8933:Jih-Fen Lei
8911:Carol Gibbs
8900:Joan Durgin
8889:Loann Crane
8669:Lois Lenski
8658:Elsie Janis
8460:Judy Barker
7986:Mary Regula
7898:Annie Glenn
7491:Carol Kelly
7183:Carol Scott
7040:Jean Reilly
6655:June Holley
6490:Alicia Mott
6457:Joan Lamson
6446:Maggie Kuhn
6225:Ann Gazelle
6148:Carolyn Utz
5917:Amelia Nava
5323:Jayne Spain
4993:Louisa Fast
4849:Emma Phaler
4838:Jerrie Mock
4816:Emily Leedy
4662:Rose Papier
4212:Rhea Seddon
4152:Anna Fisher
4147:John Fabian
4091:Jon McBride
3969:(2013 film)
3961:(1990 film)
3888:Dick Scobee
3724:Dick Scobee
3113:January 15,
3088:January 15,
3066:January 15,
3041:January 28,
2647:October 20,
2518:. p. 3
1653:Gibson 2014
1543:et al. 1990
1486:. p. 1
1205:3356 Resnik
975:Telstar 302
908:Tom Selleck
846:during the
814:Anna Fisher
779:Rhea Seddon
747:Los Angeles
549:Tau Beta Pi
541:Triumph TR6
474:Bat Mitzvah
432:optometrist
428:Akron, Ohio
402:robotic arm
276:Felix Zajac
79:Akron, Ohio
9468:Categories
9286:Rita Singh
9076:Helen Moss
8867:Caro Bosca
8229:Betty Zane
8174:Ada Martin
7865:Sarah Deal
7546:Carol Ball
7381:Donna Moon
7161:Jane Reece
6941:Ivy Gunter
6644:Donna Hawk
6104:Bea Larsen
6093:Carol Kane
5367:Ione Biggs
4827:Ruth Lyons
4207:Sally Ride
4162:Terry Hart
3958:Challenger
3950:Challenger
3857:Challenger
3828:Challenger
3759:John Young
3710:Ilan Ramon
3671:Jim Lovell
3645:John Glenn
3524:Audio help
3515:2022-08-06
3408:1105279881
3381:1145568343
3291:1111936104
3237:1066696221
3156:References
3132:Challenger
2474:Evans 2012
2377:Evans 2012
2341:Wayne 2011
2086:Evans 2012
1266:Challenger
1248:Challenger
1212:Challenger
1185:alma mater
1165:Challenger
1145:Challenger
1126:Challenger
1118:Challenger
1106:Mike Smith
1091:Challenger
1075:Challenger
1068:Challenger
1015:Challenger
1005:Challenger
995:landed at
798:Sally Ride
775:Jerome Apt
733:and later
707:John Glenn
697:astronaut
422:Early life
415:Challenger
309:Challenger
210:Challenger
71:1949-04-05
9434:biography
9156:2010–2019
8055:2000–2009
7524:Hope Taft
6611:Rita Dove
6371:1990–1999
6258:June Hutt
5807:Fay Biles
5653:Zell Draz
5158:Doris Day
4929:1980–1989
4499:1970–1979
3462:841850385
3435:184794830
3350:218506039
3323:237049278
3264:816202257
3015:March 21,
2915:March 14,
2818:March 14,
2792:March 14,
2770:March 14,
2522:March 20,
2459:March 20,
2434:March 20,
2302:March 19,
2233:March 20,
2140:March 17,
2047:March 16,
1839:March 15,
1680:The Piper
1490:March 13,
1441:March 13,
1303:Frankfurt
1285:Footnotes
1140:Preserver
1138:USS
993:Discovery
957:U.S. Navy
936:Discovery
928:Discovery
926:in 1965.
912:Discovery
880:Discovery
843:Discovery
695:Apollo 11
673:mission.
666:Discovery
640:in 1978.
584:telemetry
506:Cleveland
397:Discovery
186:Selection
181:6d 0h 56m
113:Education
6468:Maya Lin
5851:Ruby Dee
3927:See also
3830:disaster
3815:STS-51-L
3753:Ed White
3526: ·
3361:(2020).
3301:(2006).
3210:20594024
3183:12052375
2989:June 23,
2964:June 12,
2605:June 13,
2572:June 13,
2198:June 15,
2018:June 15,
1273:See also
1201:asteroid
1023:STS-51-L
1017:disaster
1007:disaster
924:Gemini 6
898:Bo Derek
867:STS-41-D
848:STS-41-D
826:STS-41-D
820:STS-41-D
787:software
720:telegram
671:STS-41-D
529:sorority
406:STS-51-L
380:STS-41-D
311:disaster
212:disaster
204:STS-51-L
200:STS-41-D
196:Missions
9420:Portals
4419:Related
3772:Italics
3513: (
3484:minutes
1952:July 3,
1896:Bibcode
1830:"About"
1764:Esquire
1410:Haaretz
1226:at the
979:Telesat
873:of the
735:provost
442:Preluke
363:at the
4288:Groups
4044:Pilots
3944:TDRS-B
3460:
3450:
3433:
3423:
3406:
3396:
3379:
3369:
3348:
3338:
3321:
3311:
3289:
3279:
3262:
3252:
3235:
3225:
3208:
3198:
3181:
3171:
2837:. KSAT
1916:712451
1914:
1354:. NASA
1230:. The
1155:Legacy
1083:O-ring
1027:TDRS-B
953:Syncom
632:retina
555:, and
466:Jewish
265:(1977)
263:
254:Thesis
141:Awards
81:, U.S.
2599:(PDF)
2592:(PDF)
2566:(PDF)
2428:(PDF)
2421:(PDF)
2134:(PDF)
2127:(PDF)
1352:(PDF)
1330:Notes
1129:'
1121:'
1065:
877:
840:
810:STS-7
802:space
760:with
663:
412:
394:
359:as a
332:from
9446:ohio
9298:2011
9166:2010
8989:2009
8835:2008
8725:2007
8593:2003
8450:2002
8241:2001
8065:2000
7833:1999
7668:1998
7536:1997
7426:1996
7228:1995
7063:1994
6887:1993
6777:1992
6546:1991
6381:1990
6171:1989
6006:1988
5775:1986
5621:1985
5478:1984
5346:1983
5236:1982
5115:1981
4939:1980
4740:1979
4509:1978
3952:flag
3881:Crew
3458:OCLC
3448:ISBN
3431:OCLC
3421:ISBN
3404:OCLC
3394:ISBN
3377:OCLC
3367:ISBN
3346:OCLC
3336:ISBN
3319:OCLC
3309:ISBN
3287:OCLC
3277:ISBN
3260:OCLC
3250:ISBN
3233:OCLC
3223:ISBN
3206:OCLC
3196:ISBN
3179:OCLC
3169:ISBN
3145:2022
3115:2018
3090:2018
3068:2018
3043:2024
3017:2022
2991:2009
2984:IEEE
2966:2022
2940:2022
2917:2022
2891:2022
2865:2022
2843:2022
2820:2022
2794:2022
2772:2022
2750:2020
2723:2022
2701:2024
2675:2022
2649:2009
2607:2022
2574:2022
2524:2022
2461:2022
2436:2022
2304:2022
2235:2022
2200:2022
2142:2022
2049:2022
2020:2022
1954:2013
1912:PMID
1841:2024
1771:2022
1716:2022
1688:2022
1637:2022
1530:2022
1492:2022
1465:2022
1443:2022
1417:2022
1388:2022
1360:2020
1195:. A
977:for
961:IMAX
741:for
582:and
87:Died
61:Born
1904:doi
1710:UPI
1301:in
745:in
627:PhD
617:in
572:RCA
504:in
486:SAT
437:née
390:of
349:RCA
338:PhD
326:SAT
134:PhD
9470::
4410:24
4405:23
4400:22
4395:21
4390:20
4385:19
4380:18
4375:17
4370:16
4365:15
4360:14
4355:13
4350:12
4345:11
4340:10
3482:26
3456:.
3429:.
3402:.
3375:.
3344:.
3317:.
3285:.
3258:.
3231:.
3204:.
3177:.
3136:.
3106:.
3059:.
3034:.
2982:.
2957:.
2908:.
2882:.
2691:.
2666:.
2635:.
2514:.
2444:^
2384:^
2279:^
2028:^
1962:^
1945:.
1910:.
1902:.
1892:68
1890:.
1849:^
1832:.
1791:^
1762:.
1744:^
1732:.
1696:^
1678:.
1660:^
1645:^
1620:^
1581:^
1550:^
1520:.
1482:.
1433:.
1408:.
1396:^
1368:^
1338:^
1269:.
1254:.
1203:,
1097:.
914:.
891:,
887:,
562:.
551:,
496:.
367:.
344:.
132:,
130:MS
121:BS
9422::
4479:e
4472:t
4465:v
4335:9
4330:8
4325:7
4320:6
4315:5
4310:4
4305:3
4300:2
4295:1
4264:e
4257:t
4250:v
4010:e
4003:t
3996:v
3807:e
3800:t
3793:v
3570:e
3563:t
3556:v
3530:)
3522:(
3517:)
3486:)
3479:(
3464:.
3437:.
3410:.
3383:.
3352:.
3325:.
3293:.
3266:.
3239:.
3212:.
3185:.
3147:.
3130:"
3117:.
3092:.
3070:.
3045:.
3019:.
2993:.
2968:.
2942:.
2919:.
2893:.
2867:.
2845:.
2822:.
2796:.
2774:.
2752:.
2725:.
2703:.
2677:.
2651:.
2609:.
2576:.
2526:.
2463:.
2438:.
2306:.
2237:.
2202:.
2144:.
2051:.
2022:.
1956:.
1918:.
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