266:, which became a classic paper in her field. They identified what are now referred to as "proximate determinants of fertility", intermediate factors that immediately influence fertility, determining whether economic, social, and individual conditions will have the opportunity to affect fertility outcomes. Examples include the age at which partners engage in a union and both their intended and actual contraceptive use. The Davis-Blake intermediate variables provided a framework that is now routinely used in fertility analysis and policy design.
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Judith's presentation of these analyses continued to point out that child-bearing decisions are made within a web of familial relationships and motivations within a societal and institutional culture. The ramifications of these decisions have relevance for both the individual and the society. – Linda
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School of Public Health. In 1965, she established a program in demography, which became the
Department of Demography in 1967, with herself as chair. It was the first department of demography in the United States. The department trained a large amount of demographers working in the United States and
238:
While Blake was a graduate student, she worked as a research assistant at the Bureau of
Applied Social Research at Columbia University. Her first publication was a monograph on cities, analyzing demographic data for the Air Force. Then the Conservation Foundation funded a project to examine birth
299:
Blake spent much of her time studying the demographics of families in the United States, and challenging assumptions and theories through papers such as "Ideal family size among white
Americans" (1966) and "Are babies consumer durables?" (1968). She examined attitudes and practices around birth
331:
Blake continued to study families, and observed significant differences in the educational levels and the number of children graduating in large vs. small families. Children from small families did better on an array of measures that she examined. Around 1980 she began to focus on no-child and
183:, using available secondary or national US data sets to examine contemporary population policy issues. She frequently challenged conventional wisdom, and emphasized that economic theories were insufficient to explain population shifts. Her book
179:. In a 1956 publication, she identified a key concept now known as "proximate determinants of fertility", which became a basis for subsequent fertility analysis and policy design. For much of her career, Blake studied the demographics of
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277:, as a lecturer in the Department of Sociology in 1957, and as a lecturer in the Department of Speech from 1961 to 1962. Blake later remarked that she felt that the university did not want female lecturers on staff.
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control, finding similarities between
Catholics and non-Catholics, and predicted a backlash in attitudes to abortion in "Abortion and Public Opinion" (1971).
247:. Her work was one of the earliest surveys on such a topic to be done in a developing country. Previous work in the field of population studies been done by
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single-child families. She concluded that single children were not worse off than those from two-children families. Blake published the book
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203:. She was ill most of her life. She was raised by three generations of female family members, as her father went to work in
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284:(1961). She was one of the first researchers to study fertility in the context of the social structures surrounding it.
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abroad. When the department was closed in the 1970s, Blake moved briefly to
Berkeley's School of Public Policy.
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235:, a demographer and professor of sociology. They married in 1954, had a daughter in 1959, and divorced in 1976.
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in 1955. In 1956, she wrote an article entitled "Social
Structure and Fertility: An Analytic Framework" with
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Blake worked as a lecturer at various institutions while completing her Ph.D. She taught first at the
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756:"Are babies consumer durables?: A Critique of the Economic Theory of Reproductive Motivation"
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Espenshade, Thomas J. (2003). "Blake, Judith". In Demeny, Paul; McNicoll, Geoffrey (eds.).
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DEMOGRAPHIC DESTINIES Interviews with
Presidents of the Population Association of America
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In 1961, Blake received her PhD from
Columbia University. Her thesis was published as
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273:, from 1957 to 1959, as a lecturer at the School of Nursing. She also taught at the
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in 1951, and graduated magna cum laude. While at college, she became interested in
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692:"Ideal family size among white Americans: A quarter of a century's evidence"
457:"A Biographical Essay on Judith Blake's Professional Career and Scholarship"
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340:'s William J. Goode Book Award in 1990. Blake was also the editor of the
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593:. Vol. 1908–1997. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences
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McNicoll, Geoffrey (2019). "Kingsley Davis A Biographical Memoir".
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Fellows of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science
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Members of the
American Academy of Arts & Sciences: 1780–2017
614:"The Jamaican Family Life Project: Some objectives and methods"
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Family Structure in Jamaica: The Social Context of Reproduction
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Family Structure in Jamaica: The social context of reproduction
156:. She established the first Department of Demography, at the
517:"Judith Blake, Public Health and Sociology: Los Angeles"
407:. No. 14 May 1993. The New York Times. 14 May 1993
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In 1962, Blake became an acting assistant professor of
562:. New York: Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 101–103
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
933:. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. p. 55
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PAA_10_CIRCLE.png Population Association of America
810:"Abortion and Public Opinion: The 1960-1970 Decade"
662:"Interview with Judith Blake PAA President in 1981"
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American Association for the Advancement of Science
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888:"AAAS Members Elected as Fellows, 7 January 1982"
171:Blake carried out one of the earliest surveys of
148:(March 3, 1926 – April 29, 1993) was an American
401:"Judith Blake, 66, Dies; Studied the Only Child"
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1000:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
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316:In 1981, Blake was elected president of the
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175:and population in a developing country, in
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612:Stycos, J. Mayone; Blake, Judith (1954).
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19:For other people named Judith Blake, see
191:'s William J. Goode Book Award in 1990.
1045:20th-century American social scientists
523:. Calisphere - University of California
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271:University of California, San Francisco
121:University of California, San Francisco
1040:20th-century American women scientists
954:"Small Family, Bright Children Linked"
515:Bourque, Linda; Oppenheimer, Valerie.
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311:University of California, Los Angeles
166:University of California, Los Angeles
131:University of California, Los Angeles
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309:In 1976, Blake was recruited to the
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474:10.1146/annurev.so.21.080195.002313
355:1990, William J. Goode Book Award,
1050:Annual Reviews (publisher) editors
1035:American women non-fiction writers
952:Russell, Cristine (May 28, 1985).
863:"PAA Officers & Board Members"
808:Blake, Judith (12 February 1971).
293:University of California, Berkeley
275:University of California, Berkeley
158:University of California, Berkeley
126:University of California, Berkeley
73:William J. Goode Book Award (1990)
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357:American Sociological Association
338:American Sociological Association
318:Population Association of America
189:American Sociological Association
16:American sociologist (1926-1993)
160:and was the first holder of an
772:10.1080/00324728.1968.10405523
690:Blake, Judith (1 March 1966).
455:Bourque, Linda (August 1995).
239:rate and family structure in
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1030:Scientists from New York City
904:10.1126/science.215.4536.1069
199:Blake was born and raised in
21:Judith Blake (disambiguation)
834:10.1126/science.171.3971.540
754:Blake, Judith (March 1968).
324:in 1982 and a fellow of the
1005:American women sociologists
618:Social and Economic Studies
375:Family Size and Achievement
336:in 1989. The book won the
334:Family Size and Achievement
207:for most of her childhood.
185:Family Size and Achievement
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556:Encyclopedia of Population
461:Annual Review of Sociology
343:Annual Review of Sociology
227:through a class taught by
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1025:American demographers
995:American sociologists
229:Hope Tisdale Eldridge
587:Biographical Memoirs
260:Berkeley, California
146:Judith Kincade Blake
1010:Family sociologists
958:The Washington Post
826:1971Sci...171..540B
346:from 1992 to 1993.
221:Columbia University
217:Bachelor of Science
93:Columbia University
82:Academic background
760:Population Studies
405:The New York Times
251:and Joe Stycos in
50:New York, New York
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350:Awards and honors
225:social demography
215:Blake received a
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219:degree from
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114:Institutions
63:(1993-04-29)
30:Judith Blake
990:1993 deaths
985:1926 births
766:(1): 5–25.
305:B. Bourque
253:Puerto Rico
154:demographer
150:sociologist
979:Categories
963:27 October
937:27 October
909:27 October
872:27 October
847:27 October
793:27 October
739:27 October
696:Demography
675:27 October
643:27 October
597:27 October
566:27 October
527:5 November
411:4 November
382:References
289:demography
205:California
108:Demography
104:Discipline
88:Alma mater
42:1926-03-03
718:0070-3370
630:0037-7651
328:in 1990.
173:fertility
164:, at the
788:22077563
734:46955552
638:27850989
181:families
892:Science
842:5539717
822:Bibcode
814:Science
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726:2060069
291:at the
241:Jamaica
177:Jamaica
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377:(1989)
371:(1961)
211:Career
70:Awards
52:, U.S.
931:(PDF)
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363:Books
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195:Life
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