2522:
219:
1927:
2255:) there is a supreme court and a magistrates' court or court of petty sessions. The supreme courts are staffed by judges of other courts, usually the Federal Court. Appeals from those courts lie to the full Federal Court. As these territories have very small populations, the courts only sit from time to time as needed. The remaining external territories (including Antarctica) do not have permanent courts. In the event of a case arising from these territories, the courts of the ACT have jurisdiction.
2287:
2509:
1660:
59:
2410:
2200:
2397:
2274:
2535:
224:
2001:
2630:
2300:
2228:, as being unconstitutional. Notwithstanding this failure, however, both state and federal courts can exercise an "accrued jurisdiction," which enables them to hear all legal issues arising from a single set of facts. This enables all courts to deal with virtually all issues arising from the facts of a case, provided that the particular court has jurisdiction to hear the principal cause of action.
2616:
872:
2423:
2139:
2116:
Division 2 is the former
Federal Circuit Court of Australia, and deals with the bulk of family law matters prior to the establishment of the Court, as well as general federal law matters such as migration, bankruptcy and admiralty. It contains 76 judges, 55 of which are specialists in family law and
1053:
Judges are appointed by the executive government, without intervention by the existing judiciary. Once appointed, judges have tenure and there are restrictions on their removal from office. For example, a federal judge may not be removed from office except by the
Governor-General upon an address of
2258:
All the states and territories, with the exception of
Tasmania, have a civil and administrative tribunal. These hear cases relating to lesser state or territory administrative disputes (involving some individual, business or government body). These commonly involve actions by persons bound to act
2024:
primarily hears matters relating to corporations, trade practices, industrial relations, bankruptcy, customs, immigration and other areas of federal law. The court has original jurisdiction in these areas, and also has the power to hear appeals from a number of tribunals and other bodies (and, in
1022:
powers. But unlike their State counterparts, their subject-matter jurisdiction must be conferred by statute. Under the doctrine of "accrued jurisdiction", the
Federal Court can, however, rule on issues outside its explicit jurisdiction, provided that they are part of a larger controversy that the
2210:
Each state and territory has its own court hierarchy, with varying jurisdiction of each court. However, all states and territories have a supreme court, which is a superior court of record and is the highest court within that state or territory. These courts also have appeal divisions, known by
1958:
Appeals to the High Court are by special leave only, which is generally only granted in cases of public importance, matters involving the interpretation of the
Commonwealth Constitution, or where the law has been inconsistently applied across the States and Territories. Therefore, in the vast
1058:. Federal judges may only serve until age 70. There is no constitutional limit on the length of service of state court judges, but state laws usually fix a retirement age. For example, in New South Wales, judges must retire at age 72, though they can remain as "acting judges" until age 76.
2221:
State and territory courts can sometimes exercise federal jurisdiction (that is, decide federal matters). However, an attempt by the states and the
Commonwealth to pass legislation that would cross-vest state judicial powers in the federal courts was struck down by the High Court in
2239:
matters and smaller civil matters. In jurisdictions without district or county courts, most of those matters are dealt with by the supreme courts. In
Tasmania and the two mainland territories, however, there is only a magistrates' court below the Supreme Court.
2035:
Decisions of the High Court are binding on the
Federal Court. There is an appeal level of the Federal Court (the "Full Court" of the Federal Court), which consists of several judges, usually three but occasionally five in very significant cases.
1954:
in certain matters, including powers of judicial review. The High Court of
Australia is paramount to all federal courts. Further, it has an constitutionally entrenched general power of appeal from the Supreme Courts of the States.
1030:
has limited trial powers, but very rarely exercises them. It has ample power to transfer cases started there to another, more appropriate court, so that the High Court can conserve its energies for its appellate functions.
4247:
5344:
2235:) handles most criminal trials for less serious indictable offences, and most civil matters below a threshold (usually around $ 1 million). The magistrates' court (or local court) handles
2032:
The court is a superior court of limited jurisdiction, but below the High Court of
Australia in the hierarchy of federal courts, and was created by the Federal Court of Australia Act in 1976.
4309:
1054:
both Houses of Parliament for proved misbehaviour. Judges in Australia are appointed by the Executive government of the relevant jurisdiction, and most judges have previously practised as a
593:
1876:
Inferior courts are those beneath superior courts in the appellate hierarchy, and are generally seen to include the magistrates' and district (or county) court of each State as well as the
3663:
1738:
1610:
978:
The large number of courts in Australia have different procedural powers and characteristics, different jurisdictional limits, different remedial powers and different cost structures.
2125:
who hold a dual commission to both Divisions of the Court. A second Deputy Chief Judge assists in the management of the general federal law and Fair Work jurisdictions of Division 2.
946:
650:
985:, the judicial power of the Commonwealth is vested in the High Court of Australia and such other federal courts as may be created by the federal Parliament. These courts include the
3658:
2575:
1415:
5361:
4252:
3931:
2560:
1774:
1561:
580:
515:
672:
2925:
4361:
4319:
3862:
3845:
2483:
2453:
1591:
1579:
1523:
272:
251:
4570:
3794:
3653:
2570:
2335:
1555:
1531:
1279:
1149:
5742:
4437:
645:
408:
398:
5768:
5242:
3965:
3689:
3580:
1743:
1723:
1638:
1618:
435:
425:
4294:
3743:
5247:
4605:
3611:
3441:
2903:
2320:
2051:
2045:
2026:
1877:
1728:
1684:
1626:
1338:
1323:
1251:
1116:
1110:
1011:
990:
417:
5512:
3828:
3482:
2385:
1986:
matters with leave of the High Court under section 74 of the Constitution; however, the High Court has indicated it will not grant such leave in the future.
1819:
common law courts') as having 'no ready application in Australia to federal courts.' Despite this, Australian courts are frequently characterised as either '
1708:
1614:
1567:
304:
3373:
4580:
4487:
3811:
3408:
2360:
1980:
eliminated appeals from State Supreme Courts to the Privy Council. Appeals from the High Court to the Privy Council are now only theoretically possible in
1573:
939:
630:
4768:
4433:
5015:
4457:
4427:
3776:
3451:
2655:
1689:
1485:
712:
635:
615:
5884:
4396:
4354:
4073:
1959:
majority of cases, the appellate divisions of the Supreme Courts of each State and Territory and the Federal Court are the final courts of appeal.
1767:
1423:
1212:
694:
690:
679:
4210:
3679:
3544:
2550:
2160:
1963:
1804:
1718:
1622:
1291:
1216:
1187:
520:
766:
751:
2113:
Division 1 is the former Family Court of Australia and is a superior court of record for dealing with family law matters. It contains 35 judges.
5289:
5099:
4907:
4821:
4565:
4498:
4371:
4329:
3878:
3710:
3637:
3575:
3513:
2595:
2478:
1733:
1713:
1634:
1630:
1585:
1456:
1435:
932:
543:
756:
5025:
4483:
4017:
3915:
3684:
3446:
2580:
2555:
1549:
913:
169:
4841:
4836:
4831:
5735:
5301:
4670:
4520:
4447:
4376:
4334:
4049:
3606:
3347:
2448:
264:
746:
5688:
5632:
5527:
5033:
4867:
4781:
4453:
4423:
4386:
4344:
4232:
4039:
3958:
3570:
2473:
1792:
1760:
1699:
1419:
1385:
1363:
997:
964:
561:
240:
3295:
5695:
4826:
4806:
4477:
4467:
4242:
3736:
3560:
2463:
2231:
Most of the states have two further levels of courts, which are comparable across the country. The district court (or County Court in
2059:
1849:
have unlimited jurisdiction in law and equity, or at least are not subject to jurisdictional limits as to the remedies they may grant;
1842:
1311:
1161:
640:
151:
2879:
Although Gibbs CJ, Mason, Wilson and Dawson JJ referred to the 'theoretical possibility' of an appeal to the Privy Council under the
5783:
5237:
5138:
5038:
4958:
4892:
3601:
3565:
3472:
2808:
2468:
2443:
2325:
2186:
1539:
1448:
1381:
1373:
1355:
1247:
738:
575:
3508:
2355:
1431:
1427:
4965:
4902:
4887:
4403:
4222:
4204:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
3596:
3467:
2438:
2315:
1299:
1287:
1220:
1195:
725:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
1527:
5955:
5919:
5728:
5406:
5205:
5195:
5131:
4872:
4846:
4279:
3770:
3705:
3539:
3401:
2800:
2590:
2380:
1748:
1499:
1479:
1283:
1183:
818:
803:
533:
315:
283:
761:
5492:
5391:
5111:
5089:
4995:
4801:
4761:
4443:
4366:
4324:
4027:
3951:
3477:
2330:
2266:
A table of the court hierarchy and civil and administrative tribunals of the Australian states and territories follows here:
2164:
1444:
663:
625:
548:
4555:
776:
771:
1803:
is applied in the various Australian courts, and ultimately determined by the High Court now that appeals to the (British)
5874:
5846:
5803:
5642:
5559:
5435:
5284:
5277:
5148:
5094:
4897:
4877:
4560:
4413:
4391:
4381:
4349:
4339:
4299:
4284:
4264:
4098:
4088:
3995:
3729:
3632:
2703:
2498:
838:
813:
606:
510:
177:
103:
5960:
5813:
5627:
5421:
5158:
5121:
5000:
4990:
4862:
4540:
4473:
4463:
3534:
2988:
2650:
2527:
2375:
1377:
620:
5924:
1815:
The High Court has described the concept of a superior court (and associated 'notions derived from the position of pre-
5914:
5869:
5396:
5354:
5349:
5296:
5043:
5010:
4938:
4516:
4010:
4000:
3529:
3053:
Although designation as a 'superior court of record' does not necessarily exclude the possibility of judicial review:
2370:
1295:
1153:
918:
134:
2149:
5934:
5879:
3055:
2821:
5909:
5894:
5889:
5462:
5366:
5220:
5175:
5079:
4512:
3436:
3417:
3394:
3322:
2224:
2021:
1995:
1824:
1679:
1651:
1263:
1237:
1129:
1102:
1015:
986:
972:
848:
702:
390:
346:
2168:
2153:
5582:
5539:
5487:
5386:
5232:
5200:
5116:
5106:
5074:
4754:
4269:
4068:
3627:
3498:
2493:
2345:
2204:
2055:
2013:
1943:
1905:
1863:
1788:
1307:
1303:
1224:
1199:
1157:
982:
808:
68:
2218:
Decisions of the High Court are binding on all Australian courts, including state and territory supreme courts.
5793:
5497:
5482:
5329:
5165:
5126:
4953:
4215:
3503:
3331:
3144:
3064:
2934:
2912:
2898:
2830:
2712:
2645:
2521:
2350:
1393:
898:
717:
525:
218:
2889:
5647:
5522:
5502:
5477:
5457:
5210:
5180:
5005:
4882:
4811:
4700:
4056:
4034:
3431:
3378:
2252:
2122:
1939:
1926:
1921:
1909:
1796:
1674:
1089:
1027:
968:
853:
833:
828:
338:
210:
200:
3232:
3202:
5554:
5532:
5507:
5472:
5452:
5416:
5254:
5225:
5215:
5190:
5084:
4921:
4816:
4720:
4695:
4620:
4545:
4257:
2950:
903:
883:
858:
843:
798:
461:
296:
3017:
3009:
2763:
2747:
5778:
5617:
5549:
5447:
5401:
5264:
5185:
5170:
5057:
4943:
4715:
4550:
4524:
4508:
4274:
3990:
3974:
3041:
3033:
3025:
1951:
1470:
789:
371:
124:
87:
44:
3096:
3080:
2884:
2731:
1045:
in the United Kingdom. Legal and equitable remedies may be pursued in the one action in the one court.
2846:
5929:
5828:
5681:
5652:
5574:
5411:
5381:
5317:
5272:
4985:
4980:
4948:
4933:
4789:
4675:
4660:
4650:
4289:
4005:
3300:
2863:
2292:
2232:
1510:
570:
187:
5904:
5823:
5602:
5544:
5376:
5339:
5069:
4655:
4615:
3753:
3215:
1834:. The Supreme Court of Queensland has a similarly specialized docket known as the Commercial List.
1827:
and the supreme courts of each State and Territory are generally considered to be superior courts.
707:
3386:
2508:
5818:
5808:
5798:
5788:
5704:
5662:
5637:
5622:
5612:
5607:
5597:
5564:
5467:
5371:
4975:
4970:
4725:
4640:
4590:
4078:
3111:"The High Court of Australia and the Supreme Court of the United States - A Centenary Reflection"
3110:
2514:
2071:
1976:
1830:
The Supreme Court of Victoria includes a specialist list in the Common Law Division known as the
381:
376:
1884:
jurisdiction conferred by statute and limited as to subject matter or the quantum of relief; and
2686:
2286:
1942:
is the highest court in the Australian judicial hierarchy. It was created by section 71 of the
5899:
5851:
5773:
5592:
5334:
4535:
4044:
4022:
2415:
1970:
closed off all appeals to the Privy Council in matters involving federal legislation, and the
1019:
908:
893:
232:
180:
3361:
17:
5709:
5143:
4735:
4685:
4665:
2963:
2621:
2248:
2087:
876:
538:
448:
142:
3327:
2930:
2908:
2901:
107, the following year Court described the grant of a s 74 certificate as 'impossible' in
2894:
2708:
2409:
2199:
1659:
58:
4600:
4530:
3060:
2826:
2402:
2279:
2236:
2095:
2009:
1888:
1856:
1838:
1831:
1816:
1042:
1018:
are superior courts of record, which means that they have certain inherent procedural and
1004:
888:
428:
361:
349:
2008:, the Federal Courts are housed in the Commonwealth Law Courts Building on the corner of
2396:
2273:
2000:
5587:
4730:
2926:
Re McJannet; Ex Parte Minister for Employment Training & Industrial Relations (Qld)
2540:
2534:
2244:
2091:
2079:
1866:
1820:
1799:
being the highest court in the Australian judicial system. A single body of Australian
1169:
401:
223:
159:
3721:
2268:
5949:
4690:
4635:
4610:
3183:
3176:
2660:
2121:
The Court operate under the leadership of one Chief Justice, supported by one Deputy
2083:
2075:
2067:
1492:
366:
356:
4645:
4625:
4595:
2682:
2103:
1901:
1466:
1038:
307:
2299:
5657:
5517:
4680:
4630:
2629:
2138:
2099:
275:
95:
2989:"SUPREME COURT OF QUEENSLAND PRACTICE DIRECTION NO 1 OF 2023 , Commercial List"
2422:
1891:
by a single judge of a superior court where a right of appeal is not available.
4705:
2635:
2611:
2305:
2260:
2212:
2063:
1800:
1034:
682:
286:
254:
111:
1007:
with general and unlimited jurisdiction within their own State or Territory.
4777:
3982:
2117:
the remainder experts in various areas of general federal law and migration.
2005:
1947:
1055:
823:
243:
975:
as the ultimate court of appeal on matters of both federal and State law.
5720:
4710:
3756:
2428:
1982:
1931:
1837:
There is no single definition of the term 'superior court' (or 'superior
77:
3943:
1787:
The hierarchy consists of a variety of courts and tribunals at both the
1041:
are administered by the same courts, in a manner similar to that of the
2776:
4746:
3145:"Maximising special leave performance in the High Court of Australia"
2777:"Family Law: Appeals | Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia"
2687:
An Introduction to the Jurisdiction of the Federal Court of Australia
1855:
are composed of judges whose individual decisions are not subject to
2054:
is an inferior and intermediate court formed from the merger of the
2263:; such as environmental regulations or rental tenancy regulations.
1841:'). In many respects Australian superior courts are similar to the
3270:
3245:
2198:
2109:
The Federal Circuit and Family Court is split into two divisions:
1999:
3271:"About the Court | Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia"
3246:"About the Court | Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia"
3374:"Crime and law enforcement: A quick guide to key internet links"
5724:
4750:
3947:
3725:
3390:
2581:
Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2132:
733:
963:
comprises judges who sit in federal courts and courts of the
588:
1974:
closed almost all routes of appeal from the High Court. The
57:
993:. Federal jurisdiction can also be vested in State courts.
1852:
determine appeals, at least as part of their jurisdiction;
3664:
List of Australian Capital Territory courts and tribunals
2576:
Magistrates Court of the Australian Capital Territory
3932:
Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2864:
Privy Council (Appeals from the High Court) Act 1975
2561:
Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
1972:
Privy Council (Appeals from the High Court) Act 1975
5860:
5837:
5756:
5573:
5434:
5316:
5263:
5056:
5024:
4920:
4855:
4788:
4579:
4497:
4412:
4308:
4231:
4087:
3981:
3924:
3909:
3872:
3855:
3838:
3821:
3804:
3787:
3763:
3698:
3672:
3646:
3620:
3589:
3553:
3522:
3491:
3460:
3424:
2062:with jurisdiction over matters broadly relating to
3863:South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal
3846:State Administrative Tribunal of Western Australia
2484:State Administrative Tribunal of Western Australia
2454:South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal
1880:. Inferior courts are typically characterised by:
1872:regularly publish their decisions in written form.
1498:Social Services and Child Support Division of the
3795:New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2571:Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory
2336:New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2215:, court of appeal, and court of criminal appeal.
1001:
3902:Workers Rehabilitation and Compensation Tribunal
3899:Resource Management and Planning Appeal Tribunal
2875:
2873:
2211:various names across the country, including the
1950:jurisdiction over all other courts. It also has
3690:List of Northern Territory courts and tribunals
3581:List of Western Australian courts and tribunals
3418:Courts of the Australian states and territories
443:
3118:The University of Western Australia Law Review
2847:Privy Council (Limitation of Appeals) Act 1968
1968:Privy Council (Limitation of Appeals) Act 1968
5736:
4762:
3959:
3737:
3612:List of South Australian courts and tribunals
3402:
2937:620 at p. 653 (Toohey, McHugh and Gummow JJ).
2904:Kirmani v Captain Cook Cruises Pty Ltd (No 2)
2321:Land and Environment Court of New South Wales
2052:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
2046:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
2040:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
2027:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
1768:
1685:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
1339:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
1324:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
1117:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
1111:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
991:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
940:
418:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
8:
3829:Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
3483:List of New South Wales courts and tribunals
2386:Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal
1166:Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia
1128:Fair Work Division of the Full Court of the
3812:Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2858:
2856:
2361:Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal
2167:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1845:. In Australia, superior courts generally:
1010:Like the Supreme Courts of the States, the
5743:
5729:
5721:
5440:
5322:
5062:
4926:
4794:
4769:
4755:
4747:
3966:
3952:
3944:
3744:
3730:
3722:
3409:
3395:
3387:
2841:
2839:
1775:
1761:
1647:
947:
933:
31:
3452:List of Commonwealth courts and tribunals
2656:List of Commonwealth courts and tribunals
2187:Learn how and when to remove this message
2025:cases not involving family law, from the
1546:Administrative review and/or small claims
2678:
2676:
2129:State and territory courts and tribunals
1925:
1097:Superior courts (appellate jurisdiction)
1065:
3545:List of Queensland courts and tribunals
2672:
2551:Supreme Court of the Northern Territory
1862:are composed of judges entitled to the
1805:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council
1697:
1666:
1650:
1115:(appeal originating from Division 1 of
673:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
67:
43:
37:This article is part of a series on the
3638:List of Tasmanian courts and tribunals
3514:List of Victorian courts and tribunals
3296:"Jurisdiction and hierarchy of courts"
2596:Norfolk Island Court of Petty Sessions
2479:Magistrates Court of Western Australia
1962:Appeals from Australian courts to the
3916:ACT Civil and Administrative Tribunal
3896:Motor Accidents Compensation Tribunal
2723:
2721:
2556:Local Court of the Northern Territory
1966:were initially possible, however the
1328:(does not hear WA family law matters)
1321:
7:
2449:Magistrates Court of South Australia
2165:adding citations to reliable sources
1233:Superior courts (trial jurisdiction)
3229:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
3216:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
3199:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
2947:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976
2474:District Court of Western Australia
1739:Australian Capital Territory courts
1023:court does have jurisdiction over.
965:States and Territories of Australia
4258:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet
2805:1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 2012
2464:Supreme Court of Western Australia
1843:Senior Courts of England and Wales
1465:Quasi-judicial tribunals for e.g.
25:
3372:Barker, Cat (12 September 2018).
2469:Family Court of Western Australia
2444:District Court of South Australia
2326:District Court of New South Wales
1930:Courtroom 1 in the High Court in
1700:Australian States and Territories
1690:Commonwealth courts and tribunals
3442:Federal Circuit and Family Court
2628:
2614:
2533:
2520:
2507:
2439:Supreme Court of South Australia
2421:
2408:
2395:
2316:Supreme Court of New South Wales
2298:
2285:
2272:
2137:
1878:Federal Circuit and Family Court
1658:
1012:Federal Circuit and Family Court
870:
726:Australia and the United Nations
222:
217:
3771:Administrative Appeals Tribunal
3014:Constitution of Queensland 2001
2801:Australian Bureau of Statistics
2691:Federal Judicial Scholarship 15
2591:Supreme Court of Norfolk Island
2381:Magistrates Court of Queensland
2243:In three external territories (
1520:Industrial Relations Commission
1500:Administrative Appeals Tribunal
1480:Administrative Appeals Tribunal
5769:Federated States of Micronesia
3890:Medical Practitioners Tribunal
3056:Kirk v Industrial Court of NSW
2822:Kirk v Industrial Court of NSW
2356:Magistrates' Court of Victoria
2331:Local Court of New South Wales
1908:law, that is, law made by the
1:
2968:The Supreme Court of Victoria
2704:Attorney-General (NSW) v Quin
2499:Magistrates Court of Tasmania
1900:These courts among them have
18:Judiciary of Christmas Island
4248:Premiers and Chief Ministers
4243:Governors and Administrators
3910:Australian Capital Territory
3884:Anti-Discrimination Tribunal
3647:Australian Capital Territory
2651:Law enforcement in Australia
2528:Australian Capital Territory
2505:
2393:
2376:District Court of Queensland
2270:
1859:or appeal to a single judge;
1811:Superior and inferior courts
1506:Federal/Victoria/Territories
1333:Federal/Victoria/Territories
1258:Federal/Victoria/Territories
1080:General State/Territory law
914:Australian Capital Territory
576:Premiers and chief ministers
571:Governors and administrators
2371:Supreme Court of Queensland
526:Referendums and plebiscites
5977:
4253:Parliaments and Assemblies
3353:Australian court hierarchy
3323:Re Wakim; Ex parte McNally
2744:Judicial Officers Act 1986
2546:
2434:
2311:
2225:Re Wakim; Ex parte McNally
2043:
1996:Federal Court of Australia
1993:
1990:Federal Court of Australia
1919:
1680:Federal Court of Australia
1652:Australian court hierarchy
1337:Fair Work Division of the
1264:Federal Court of Australia
1262:Fair Work Division of the
1238:Federal Court of Australia
1130:Federal Court of Australia
1103:Federal Court of Australia
1062:Australian court hierarchy
996:The Supreme Courts of the
987:Federal Court of Australia
973:Australian court hierarchy
581:Parliaments and assemblies
444:State and territory courts
391:Federal Court of Australia
5675:
5443:
5325:
5139:Intelligence and security
5065:
4929:
4797:
4018:Federal Executive Council
3447:Court of Disputed Returns
3362:Resources in your library
2494:Supreme Court of Tasmania
2346:Supreme Court of Victoria
2297:
2284:
2271:
2259:pursuant to some form of
2205:Supreme Court of Victoria
1744:Northern Territory courts
1724:Western Australian courts
1599:Minor claims division in
1331:
1087:
170:Federal Executive Council
5920:Northern Mariana Islands
4040:House of Representatives
2890:Attorney-General v Finch
2661:Victoria Bar Association
2646:Drug courts in Australia
2351:County Court of Victoria
1209:Court of Criminal Appeal
971:sits at the apex of the
511:Federal electoral system
265:House of Representatives
5885:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4701:Parliamentary secretary
4671:Independent politicians
3711:Court of Petty Sessions
3379:Parliament of Australia
3143:Kirby, Michael (2007).
3109:Kirby, Michael (2003).
2253:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1922:High Court of Australia
1916:High Court of Australia
1729:South Australian courts
1675:High Court of Australia
1453:Court of Petty Sessions
1090:High Court of Australia
983:Australian Constitution
969:High Court of Australia
594:State electoral systems
339:High Court of Australia
5956:Judiciary of Australia
5751:Judiciaries of Oceania
5533:Indigenous Australians
5034:States and territories
4721:Responsible government
4621:Contempt of parliament
4074:Statute of Westminster
3887:Mental Health Tribunal
3328:[1999] HCA 27
3038:Supreme Court Act 1935
3022:Supreme Court Act 1935
3006:Supreme Court Act 1970
2931:[1995] HCA 31
2909:[1985] HCA 27
2895:[1984] HCA 40
2760:Supreme Court Act 1970
2709:[1990] HCA 21
2207:
2017:
1935:
1709:New South Wales courts
1402:(ACT - NI - NT - Tas)
998:States and Territories
961:judiciary of Australia
691:Diplomatic missions of
563:States and territories
62:
5863:and other territories
4827:Territorial evolution
3975:Politics of Australia
3158:(3): 731–732, 743–747
3061:[2010] HCA 1
3030:Constitution Act 1975
2827:[2010] HCA 1
2202:
2060:Federal Circuit Court
2003:
1952:original jurisdiction
1929:
1823:' or 'inferior.' The
1807:have been abolished.
1749:Norfolk Island courts
1476:Administrative review
1471:administrative review
1400:No intermediate court
211:Australian Parliament
152:Deputy Prime Minister
61:
27:National court system
5273:Cabinet of Australia
5248:Government ministers
5016:World Heritage Sites
4822:European exploration
4676:Kirribilli agreement
4661:Hardworking Families
4616:Chardonnay socialist
3301:State Library of NSW
2683:Justice James Allsop
2261:devolved legislation
2161:improve this section
1511:Fair Work Commission
877:Australia portal
5961:Courts of Australia
5345:Gross state product
4656:Group voting ticket
1793:State and Territory
1536:Employment Tribunal
1319:Intermediate courts
1071:General federal law
516:Electoral divisions
5663:Australian studies
5598:Australian English
5407:Telecommunications
5243:Government leaders
5186:Political ideology
4726:Stolen Generations
4641:Double dissolution
4434:Northern Territory
3925:Northern Territory
3673:Northern Territory
3607:Magistrates' Court
3540:Magistrates' Court
3509:Magistrates' Court
2964:"Commercial Court"
2515:Northern Territory
2208:
2072:administrative law
2018:
1977:Australia Act 1986
1936:
1910:Federal parliament
1667:Federal Law Courts
1412:Magistrates' Court
1109:Full Court of the
1101:Full Court of the
919:Northern Territory
534:Voter registration
63:
5943:
5942:
5935:Wallis and Futuna
5880:Clipperton Island
5838:Associated states
5718:
5717:
5671:
5670:
5493:Human trafficking
5430:
5429:
5312:
5311:
5112:Foreign relations
5052:
5051:
4916:
4915:
4863:Asian Australians
4744:
4743:
4716:Quiet Australians
4484:Western Australia
4050:Opposition Leader
4028:Foreign relations
4014:
3941:
3940:
3839:Western Australia
3719:
3718:
3659:Magistrates Court
3633:Magistrates Court
3576:Magistrates Court
3554:Western Australia
3348:Library resources
3275:www.fcfcoa.gov.au
3250:www.fcfcoa.gov.au
2781:www.fcfcoa.gov.au
2603:
2602:
2416:Western Australia
2197:
2196:
2189:
1795:levels, with the
1785:
1784:
1719:Queensland courts
1646:
1645:
1601:Magistrates Court
1252:Rest of Australia
957:
956:
899:Western Australia
713:Visa requirements
665:Foreign relations
651:Political parties
549:Political funding
544:Political parties
181:Albanese ministry
48:
16:(Redirected from
5968:
5925:Pitcairn Islands
5895:French Polynesia
5875:Christmas Island
5804:Papua New Guinea
5784:Marshall Islands
5757:Sovereign states
5745:
5738:
5731:
5722:
5698:
5691:
5684:
5560:Waste management
5441:
5362:Household income
5323:
5285:Governor-General
5095:Electoral system
5063:
4927:
4795:
4771:
4764:
4757:
4748:
4686:Leadership spill
4666:How-to-vote card
4651:Forgotten People
4521:Liberal National
4310:State/territory
4233:State/territory
4008:
3996:Governor-General
3968:
3961:
3954:
3945:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3723:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3388:
3383:
3335:
3319:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3308:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3242:
3236:
3226:
3220:
3212:
3206:
3196:
3190:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3152:UNSW Law Journal
3149:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3115:
3106:
3100:
3090:
3084:
3074:
3068:
3051:
3045:
3004:See for example
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2960:
2954:
2944:
2938:
2922:
2916:
2877:
2868:
2860:
2851:
2843:
2834:
2818:
2812:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2773:
2767:
2757:
2751:
2741:
2735:
2725:
2716:
2700:
2694:
2680:
2638:
2633:
2632:
2624:
2622:Australia portal
2619:
2618:
2617:
2537:
2524:
2511:
2425:
2412:
2399:
2302:
2289:
2276:
2269:
2249:Christmas Island
2192:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2172:
2141:
2133:
1832:Commercial Court
1777:
1770:
1763:
1734:Tasmanian courts
1714:Victorian courts
1662:
1648:
1352:Employment Court
1348:Industrial Court
1205:Criminal matters
1066:
1005:courts of record
949:
942:
935:
875:
874:
873:
839:Multiculturalism
814:Environmentalism
792:
680:Foreign Minister
666:
609:
608:Local government
564:
539:Leadership spill
471:Recent elections
464:
449:Law of Australia
331:
226:
221:
203:
143:Anthony Albanese
127:
104:Governor-General
80:
51:
46:
38:
32:
21:
5976:
5975:
5971:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5946:
5945:
5944:
5939:
5862:
5856:
5839:
5833:
5814:Solomon Islands
5752:
5749:
5719:
5714:
5701:
5694:
5687:
5680:
5667:
5628:Public holidays
5569:
5513:Life expectancy
5426:
5308:
5259:
5048:
5020:
5006:Protected areas
4912:
4851:
4784:
4775:
4745:
4740:
4601:Branch stacking
4582:
4575:
4531:Centre Alliance
4525:Country Liberal
4500:
4493:
4454:South Australia
4424:New South Wales
4415:
4408:
4311:
4304:
4234:
4227:
4090:
4083:
3977:
3972:
3942:
3937:
3920:
3905:
3893:Mining Tribunal
3868:
3856:South Australia
3851:
3834:
3817:
3800:
3788:New South Wales
3783:
3759:
3750:
3720:
3715:
3694:
3668:
3642:
3616:
3590:South Australia
3585:
3549:
3518:
3487:
3461:New South Wales
3456:
3420:
3415:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3344:
3342:Further reading
3339:
3338:
3320:
3316:
3306:
3304:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3279:
3277:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3227:
3223:
3213:
3209:
3197:
3193:
3175:
3171:
3161:
3159:
3147:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3113:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3091:
3087:
3075:
3071:
3052:
3048:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2945:
2941:
2923:
2919:
2878:
2871:
2861:
2854:
2844:
2837:
2819:
2815:
2799:
2795:
2785:
2783:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2758:
2754:
2742:
2738:
2726:
2719:
2701:
2697:
2681:
2674:
2669:
2642:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2613:
2608:
2538:
2525:
2512:
2426:
2413:
2403:South Australia
2400:
2303:
2290:
2280:New South Wales
2277:
2193:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2158:
2142:
2131:
2104:trade practices
2048:
2042:
1998:
1992:
1924:
1918:
1898:
1889:judicial review
1887:amenability to
1864:style and title
1857:judicial review
1839:court of record
1813:
1781:
1607:Other tribunals
1605:
1604:(SA - Tas - WA)
1596:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1496:
1486:Other tribunals
1483:
1408:Inferior courts
1397:
1346:
1342:
1335:
1271:
1267:
1260:
1207:
1203:
1180:Court of Appeal
1178:
1173:
1146:Court of Appeal
1144:
1137:
1135:State/Territory
1133:
1126:
1064:
1051:
1043:Judicature Acts
953:
924:
923:
904:South Australia
884:New South Wales
871:
869:
864:
863:
794:
790:
782:
781:
743:
730:
722:
703:Nationality law
699:
687:
668:
664:
656:
655:
611:
607:
599:
598:
585:
566:
562:
554:
553:
530:
507:
466:
462:
454:
453:
440:
429:Will Alstergren
413:
386:
350:Stephen Gageler
333:
329:
321:
320:
316:Shadow Ministry
292:
260:
228:
205:
201:
193:
192:
165:
129:
125:
117:
116:
82:
78:
49:
45:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5974:
5972:
5964:
5963:
5958:
5948:
5947:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5915:Norfolk Island
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5870:American Samoa
5866:
5864:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5840:of New Zealand
5835:
5834:
5832:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5760:
5758:
5754:
5753:
5750:
5748:
5747:
5740:
5733:
5725:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5700:
5699:
5692:
5685:
5677:
5676:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5579:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5536:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5444:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5422:Welfare system
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5397:Superannuation
5394:
5392:Stock exchange
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5355:Public housing
5350:Home ownership
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5326:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5297:Prime Minister
5294:
5293:
5292:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5269:
5267:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5257:
5255:Shadow Cabinet
5252:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5235:
5233:Public Service
5230:
5229:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5162:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5114:
5109:
5107:Federal budget
5104:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5066:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5030:
5028:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4939:Climate change
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4917:
4914:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4868:Constitutional
4865:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4852:
4850:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4731:Working Family
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4613:
4608:
4606:Casual vacancy
4603:
4598:
4593:
4587:
4585:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4505:
4503:
4495:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4481:
4471:
4461:
4451:
4441:
4431:
4420:
4418:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4406:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4314:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4239:
4237:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4095:
4093:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4059:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4011:Shadow Cabinet
4003:
4001:Prime Minister
3998:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3963:
3956:
3948:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3919:
3913:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3885:
3876:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3866:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3815:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3781:
3778:various others
3774:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3760:
3754:quasi-judicial
3751:
3749:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3726:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3702:
3700:
3699:Norfolk Island
3696:
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3687:
3682:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3669:
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3602:District Court
3599:
3593:
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3571:District Court
3568:
3563:
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3535:District Court
3532:
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2541:Norfolk Island
2531:
2518:
2504:
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2501:
2496:
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2245:Norfolk Island
2195:
2194:
2177:September 2010
2145:
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2130:
2127:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2092:industrial law
2044:Main article:
2041:
2038:
1994:Main article:
1991:
1988:
1920:Main article:
1917:
1914:
1912:of Australia.
1897:
1896:Federal courts
1894:
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1892:
1885:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1867:The Honourable
1860:
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1370:District Court
1367:
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1229:
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1121:
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1093:
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1078:
1077:Employment law
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784:
783:
780:
779:
774:
769:
767:European Union
764:
759:
754:
752:United Kingdom
749:
742:
741:
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729:
728:
721:
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715:
710:
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698:
697:
686:
685:
676:
675:
669:
662:
661:
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648:
643:
638:
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628:
623:
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584:
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456:
455:
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451:
446:
439:
438:
436:List of Judges
432:
431:
422:
421:
412:
411:
409:List of Judges
405:
404:
402:Debra Mortimer
395:
394:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
353:
352:
343:
342:
334:
327:
326:
323:
322:
319:
318:
312:
311:
301:
300:
291:
290:
280:
279:
269:
268:
259:
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248:
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237:
236:
215:
214:
206:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
184:
183:
174:
173:
164:
163:
160:Richard Marles
156:
155:
147:
146:
139:
138:
135:Prime Minister
130:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
114:
108:
107:
99:
98:
92:
91:
83:
76:
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72:
71:
65:
64:
54:
53:
41:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5973:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
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5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5910:New Caledonia
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5890:Easter Island
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5867:
5865:
5859:
5853:
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5836:
5830:
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5792:
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5777:
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5772:
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5711:
5708:
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5690:
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5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
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5541:
5538:
5534:
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5529:
5528:Ethnic groups
5526:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
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5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
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5491:
5489:
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5484:
5481:
5479:
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5469:
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5439:
5437:
5433:
5423:
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5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5367:Manufacturing
5365:
5363:
5360:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
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5319:
5315:
5303:
5300:
5299:
5298:
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5287:
5286:
5283:
5279:
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5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5221:Republicanism
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5176:National debt
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5146:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5096:
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5064:
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5059:
5055:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5027:
5023:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4760:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4691:Mortgage belt
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4636:Dorothy Dixer
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4611:Caucus revolt
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4578:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4566:Other parties
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4502:
4496:
4489:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4442:
4439:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4411:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4313:
4307:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4230:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4086:
4080:
4079:Australia Act
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4066:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3969:
3964:
3962:
3957:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3946:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3908:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3871:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3854:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3820:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3755:
3747:
3742:
3740:
3735:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3706:Supreme Court
3704:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3680:Supreme Court
3678:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3654:Supreme Court
3652:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:Supreme Court
3626:
3625:
3623:
3619:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3597:Supreme Court
3595:
3594:
3592:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3561:Supreme Court
3559:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3530:Supreme Court
3528:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3499:Supreme Court
3497:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:Supreme Court
3466:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3437:Federal Court
3435:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3324:
3318:
3315:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3288:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:Australia Act
3181:
3179:
3178:Australia Act
3173:
3170:
3157:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3136:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3089:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:, (2010) 239
3062:
3058:
3057:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2990:
2984:
2981:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2936:
2933:, (1995) 184
2932:
2928:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:, (1985) 159
2910:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2897:, (1984) 155
2896:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2829:, (2010) 239
2828:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2782:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2740:
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2110:
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2077:
2076:admiralty law
2073:
2069:
2068:child support
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2047:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2022:Federal Court
2015:
2011:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1964:Privy Council
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1915:
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1911:
1907:
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1825:Federal Court
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1493:Child support
1490:
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1360:Supreme Court
1357:
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1276:Supreme Court
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1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1176:Civil matters
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
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1143:
1140:
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1125:
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1016:Federal Court
1013:
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885:
882:
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860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
849:Republicanism
847:
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840:
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832:
830:
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775:
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757:United States
755:
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740:
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735:
732:
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619:
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614:
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531:
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469:
468:
465:
458:
457:
450:
447:
445:
442:
441:
437:
434:
433:
430:
427:
426:Chief Justice
424:
423:
420:
419:
415:
414:
410:
407:
406:
403:
400:
399:Chief Justice
397:
396:
393:
392:
388:
387:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
351:
348:
347:Chief Justice
345:
344:
341:
340:
336:
335:
332:
325:
324:
317:
314:
313:
309:
306:
303:
302:
299:
298:
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288:
285:
282:
281:
277:
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230:
229:
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208:
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197:
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189:
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128:
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109:
106:
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100:
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81:
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73:
70:
66:
60:
56:
55:
52:
42:
39:
34:
33:
30:
19:
5861:Dependencies
5847:Cook Islands
5763:
5696:Bibliography
5583:Architecture
5540:Prostitution
5523:Demographics
5488:Homelessness
5387:Reserve Bank
5201:Conservatism
5153:
5149:Constitution
5117:Human rights
5075:Constitution
5026:Subdivisions
4807:Bibliography
4646:Faceless men
4626:Despatch box
4596:Bjelkemander
4211:By-elections
4203:
4069:Constitution
4062:Lower Courts
4061:
3983:Commonwealth
3877:
3777:
3764:Commonwealth
3566:Family Court
3504:County Court
3425:Commonwealth
3377:
3352:
3330:, (1999) 27
3321:
3317:
3305:. Retrieved
3299:
3290:
3278:. Retrieved
3274:
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3249:
3240:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3210:
3198:
3194:
3184:
3177:
3172:
3160:. Retrieved
3155:
3151:
3138:
3126:. Retrieved
3121:
3117:
3104:
3093:Constitution
3092:
3088:
3077:Constitution
3076:
3072:
3054:
3049:
3037:
3029:
3021:
3013:
3005:
3000:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2967:
2958:
2946:
2942:
2924:
2920:
2902:
2888:
2881:Constitution
2880:
2862:
2845:
2820:
2816:
2804:
2796:
2784:. Retrieved
2780:
2771:
2759:
2755:
2743:
2739:
2728:Constitution
2727:
2702:
2698:
2690:
2539:
2526:
2513:
2427:
2414:
2401:
2304:
2291:
2278:
2265:
2257:
2242:
2230:
2223:
2220:
2217:
2209:
2183:
2174:
2159:Please help
2147:
2120:
2108:
2088:human rights
2056:Family Court
2049:
2034:
2031:
2019:
1981:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1957:
1944:Constitution
1937:
1906:Commonwealth
1902:jurisdiction
1899:
1875:
1869:Justice; and
1836:
1829:
1814:
1786:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1572:
1566:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1535:
1519:
1516:Other States
1515:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1491:
1484:
1478:
1475:
1467:small claims
1452:
1440:
1439:
1411:
1399:
1398:
1390:County Court
1389:
1369:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1344:Other States
1343:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1275:
1269:Other States
1268:
1261:
1257:
1244:Family Court
1243:
1236:
1208:
1204:
1191:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1165:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1123:
1114:
1108:
1100:
1088:
1052:
1033:
1025:
1009:
995:
980:
977:
960:
958:
809:Conservatism
695:in Australia
589:State courts
521:By-elections
470:
416:
389:
337:
328:
308:Peter Dutton
295:
263:
231:
216:
209:
168:
150:
133:
102:
86:
69:Constitution
35:
29:
5794:New Zealand
5658:Anglosphere
5498:Immigration
5463:Citizenship
5330:Agriculture
5216:Nationalism
5159:Enforcement
5132:Transgender
4966:Earthquakes
4954:Environment
4888:Immigration
4817:Archaeology
4696:Nationalism
4681:Langer vote
4631:Donkey vote
4583:terminology
4235:governments
4216:Referendums
3752:Australian
3685:Local Court
3478:Local Court
2123:Chief Judge
1441:Local Court
1142:All matters
844:Nationalism
747:New Zealand
718:Visa policy
382:Beech-Jones
276:Milton Dick
202:Legislature
96:Charles III
47:Politics of
5950:Categories
5648:Television
5618:Literature
5503:Irreligion
5483:Healthcare
5478:Euthanasia
5458:Censorship
5265:Government
5211:Liberalism
5181:Parliament
4893:Indigenous
4883:Federation
4873:Diplomatic
4847:Since 1945
4812:Prehistory
4706:Playmander
4581:Political
4571:Historical
4556:One Nation
4499:Political
4444:Queensland
4416:government
4057:High Court
4035:Parliament
3822:Queensland
3523:Queensland
3432:High Court
3280:16 January
3255:16 January
3187:1986 (Cth)
3180:1986 (Imp)
2786:17 January
2667:References
2636:Law portal
2306:Queensland
2213:full court
2080:bankruptcy
2064:family law
1940:High Court
1817:Judicature
1801:common law
1797:High Court
1698:Courts of
1192:Full Court
1085:Apex court
1074:Family law
1035:Common law
1028:High Court
981:Under the
894:Queensland
854:Secularism
834:Monarchism
829:Liberalism
791:Ideologies
683:Penny Wong
297:Opposition
287:Tony Burke
255:Penny Wong
112:Sam Mostyn
5764:Australia
5555:Squatting
5508:Languages
5473:Education
5453:Aged care
5417:Transport
5226:Socialism
5206:Far-right
5196:Christian
5191:Anarchism
5154:Judiciary
5090:Donations
5085:Elections
4996:Mountains
4944:Continent
4922:Geography
4842:1901–1945
4837:1851–1900
4832:1788–1850
4778:Australia
4509:Coalition
4312:elections
4091:elections
3757:tribunals
3233:s 14
3203:s 24
3097:s 73
3081:s 71
3042:s 16
3034:s 85
3026:s 17
3018:s 58
3010:s 23
2885:s 74
2764:s 37
2748:s 44
2732:s 72
2148:does not
2096:migration
2084:copyright
2006:Melbourne
1948:appellate
1946:. It has
1056:barrister
859:Socialism
824:Hansonism
819:Far-right
804:Christian
799:Anarchism
708:Passports
463:Elections
330:Judiciary
244:Sue Lines
241:President
126:Executive
50:Australia
5779:Kiribati
5705:Category
5550:Religion
5448:Abortion
5402:Taxation
5171:Monarchy
5166:Military
5122:Intersex
5058:Politics
5039:Capitals
4903:Monarchy
4898:Military
4878:Economic
4856:By topic
4802:Timeline
4782:articles
4711:Pub test
4591:Battlers
4517:National
4474:Victoria
4464:Tasmania
4404:Timeline
4392:Tas 2028
4387:NSW 2027
4382:Vic 2026
4367:Qld 2024
4362:ACT 2024
4350:Tas 2024
4345:NSW 2023
4340:Vic 2022
4325:Qld 2020
4320:ACT 2020
4223:Timeline
4099:Pre-1972
4089:Federal
4023:Ministry
3873:Tasmania
3805:Victoria
3621:Tasmania
3492:Victoria
3162:16 April
3128:16 April
3067:531 at .
2951:s 5
2833:531 at .
2715:1 at 33.
2606:See also
2429:Tasmania
2293:Victoria
2233:Victoria
2058:and the
2010:La Trobe
1983:inter se
1932:Canberra
1821:superior
1589:(Tas) -
1577:(Vic) -
1571:(Qld) -
1559:(NSW) -
1553:(ACT) -
1020:contempt
1002:superior
989:and the
909:Tasmania
889:Victoria
178:Ministry
79:Monarchy
5930:Tokelau
5829:Vanuatu
5682:Outline
5653:Theatre
5643:Symbols
5608:Cuisine
5575:Culture
5436:Society
5412:Tourism
5382:Poverty
5318:Economy
5100:Parties
5001:Regions
4991:Islands
4986:Geology
4981:Forests
4949:Deserts
4934:Climate
4908:Railway
4790:History
4513:Liberal
4501:parties
4397:NT 2028
4377:SA 2026
4372:WA 2025
4355:NT 2024
4335:SA 2022
4330:WA 2021
4006:Cabinet
3991:Monarch
3934:(NTCAT)
3879:Various
3865:(SACAT)
3307:24 July
2563:(NTCAT)
2456:(SACAT)
2237:summary
2169:removed
2154:sources
2100:privacy
2016:streets
2014:William
1789:federal
1586:Various
1583:(SA) -
1565:(NT) -
1469:and/or
1350:(Qld);
1272:Various
1138:Various
1124:Federal
377:Gleeson
372:Steward
367:Edelman
273:Speaker
188:Cabinet
88:Monarch
5905:Hawaii
5824:Tuvalu
5710:Portal
5603:Cinema
5545:Racism
5518:People
5377:Mining
5340:Energy
5335:Dollar
5080:Courts
5070:Asylum
5044:Cities
5011:Rivers
4959:issues
4780:
4551:Lambie
4541:Katter
4536:Greens
4414:Local
4045:Senate
3918:(ACAT)
3831:(QCAT)
3814:(VCAT)
3797:(NCAT)
3350:about
3231:(Cth)
3219:(Cth).
3201:(Cth)
3095:(Cth)
3079:(Cth)
3032:(Vic)
3016:(Qld)
3008:(NSW)
2949:(Cth)
2883:(Cth)
2867:(Cth).
2850:(Cth).
2809:Courts
2762:(NSW)
2746:(NSW)
2730:(Cth)
2583:(ACAT)
2388:(QCAT)
2363:(VCAT)
2338:(NCAT)
2251:, and
1049:Judges
1039:equity
967:. The
762:Canada
362:Gordon
305:Leader
284:Leader
252:Leader
233:Senate
5819:Tonga
5809:Samoa
5799:Palau
5789:Nauru
5689:Index
5638:Sport
5633:Radio
5623:Music
5613:Dance
5565:Women
5468:Crime
5372:Media
5238:Women
4976:Fauna
4971:Flora
4546:Labor
3848:(SAT)
3773:(AAT)
3326:
3148:(PDF)
3124:: 171
3114:(PDF)
3059:
3040:(WA)
3024:(SA)
2992:(PDF)
2973:5 May
2929:
2907:
2893:
2825:
2707:
2486:(SAT)
1904:over
1595:(WA)
1580:SACAT
1562:NTCAT
777:India
772:China
357:Keane
289:(ALP)
278:(ALP)
257:(ALP)
246:(ALP)
162:(ALP)
145:(ALP)
5900:Guam
5852:Niue
5774:Fiji
5593:Arts
5302:list
5290:list
5278:list
5127:LGBT
4736:Worm
4488:list
4478:list
4468:list
4458:list
4448:list
4438:list
4428:list
4205:Next
4199:2022
4194:2019
4189:2016
4184:2013
4179:2010
4174:2007
4169:2004
4164:2001
4159:1998
4154:1996
4149:1993
4144:1990
4139:1987
4134:1984
4129:1983
4124:1980
4119:1977
4114:1975
4109:1974
4104:1972
3334:511.
3309:2022
3282:2022
3257:2022
3182:and
3164:2021
3130:2021
2975:2024
2915:461.
2788:2022
2203:The
2152:any
2150:cite
2102:and
2066:and
2050:The
2020:The
2012:and
1938:The
1791:and
1574:VCAT
1568:QCAT
1556:NCAT
1550:ACAT
1451:);
1037:and
1026:The
1014:and
1000:are
959:The
739:APEC
503:2007
498:2010
493:2013
488:2016
483:2019
478:2022
310:(LP)
5588:Art
5144:Law
4561:UAP
4295:ACT
4290:Tas
4275:Qld
4270:Vic
4265:NSW
3332:CLR
3065:CLR
2935:CLR
2913:CLR
2899:CLR
2887:in
2831:CLR
2713:CLR
2689:".
2685:. "
2163:by
2029:.)
2004:In
1635:Vic
1631:Tas
1623:Qld
1615:NSW
1611:ACT
1592:SAT
1534:);
1528:Qld
1524:NSW
1445:NSW
1438:);
1432:Vic
1428:Tas
1420:Qld
1416:ACT
1394:Vic
1388:);
1378:Qld
1374:NSW
1364:NSW
1308:Vic
1304:Tas
1296:Qld
1288:NSW
1280:ACT
1225:Tas
1213:NSW
1200:Tas
1190:);
1184:NSW
1164:);
1158:Vic
1154:Qld
1150:ACT
734:G20
641:Tas
626:Qld
621:Vic
616:NSW
5952::
4523:,
4519:,
4515:,
4300:NT
4285:SA
4280:WA
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3248:.
3156:30
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3120:.
3116:.
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2094:,
2090:,
2086:,
2082:,
2078:,
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2070:,
1934:.
1641:)
1639:WA
1637:-
1633:-
1629:-
1627:SA
1625:-
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1617:-
1613:-
1540:SA
1532:WA
1530:-
1526:-
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1457:NI
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1434:-
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1196:SA
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1186:-
1170:NI
1162:WA
1160:-
1156:-
1152:-
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646:NT
636:SA
631:WA
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