Knowledge (XXG)

Judiciary of Australia

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2522: 219: 1927: 2255:) there is a supreme court and a magistrates' court or court of petty sessions. The supreme courts are staffed by judges of other courts, usually the Federal Court. Appeals from those courts lie to the full Federal Court. As these territories have very small populations, the courts only sit from time to time as needed. The remaining external territories (including Antarctica) do not have permanent courts. In the event of a case arising from these territories, the courts of the ACT have jurisdiction. 2287: 2509: 1660: 59: 2410: 2200: 2397: 2274: 2535: 224: 2001: 2630: 2300: 2228:, as being unconstitutional. Notwithstanding this failure, however, both state and federal courts can exercise an "accrued jurisdiction," which enables them to hear all legal issues arising from a single set of facts. This enables all courts to deal with virtually all issues arising from the facts of a case, provided that the particular court has jurisdiction to hear the principal cause of action. 2616: 872: 2423: 2139: 2116:
Division 2 is the former Federal Circuit Court of Australia, and deals with the bulk of family law matters prior to the establishment of the Court, as well as general federal law matters such as migration, bankruptcy and admiralty. It contains 76 judges, 55 of which are specialists in family law and
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Judges are appointed by the executive government, without intervention by the existing judiciary. Once appointed, judges have tenure and there are restrictions on their removal from office. For example, a federal judge may not be removed from office except by the Governor-General upon an address of
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All the states and territories, with the exception of Tasmania, have a civil and administrative tribunal. These hear cases relating to lesser state or territory administrative disputes (involving some individual, business or government body). These commonly involve actions by persons bound to act
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primarily hears matters relating to corporations, trade practices, industrial relations, bankruptcy, customs, immigration and other areas of federal law. The court has original jurisdiction in these areas, and also has the power to hear appeals from a number of tribunals and other bodies (and, in
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powers. But unlike their State counterparts, their subject-matter jurisdiction must be conferred by statute. Under the doctrine of "accrued jurisdiction", the Federal Court can, however, rule on issues outside its explicit jurisdiction, provided that they are part of a larger controversy that the
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Each state and territory has its own court hierarchy, with varying jurisdiction of each court. However, all states and territories have a supreme court, which is a superior court of record and is the highest court within that state or territory. These courts also have appeal divisions, known by
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Appeals to the High Court are by special leave only, which is generally only granted in cases of public importance, matters involving the interpretation of the Commonwealth Constitution, or where the law has been inconsistently applied across the States and Territories. Therefore, in the vast
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State and territory courts can sometimes exercise federal jurisdiction (that is, decide federal matters). However, an attempt by the states and the Commonwealth to pass legislation that would cross-vest state judicial powers in the federal courts was struck down by the High Court in
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matters and smaller civil matters. In jurisdictions without district or county courts, most of those matters are dealt with by the supreme courts. In Tasmania and the two mainland territories, however, there is only a magistrates' court below the Supreme Court.
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Decisions of the High Court are binding on the Federal Court. There is an appeal level of the Federal Court (the "Full Court" of the Federal Court), which consists of several judges, usually three but occasionally five in very significant cases.
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in certain matters, including powers of judicial review. The High Court of Australia is paramount to all federal courts. Further, it has an constitutionally entrenched general power of appeal from the Supreme Courts of the States.
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has limited trial powers, but very rarely exercises them. It has ample power to transfer cases started there to another, more appropriate court, so that the High Court can conserve its energies for its appellate functions.
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The court is a superior court of limited jurisdiction, but below the High Court of Australia in the hierarchy of federal courts, and was created by the Federal Court of Australia Act in 1976.
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both Houses of Parliament for proved misbehaviour. Judges in Australia are appointed by the Executive government of the relevant jurisdiction, and most judges have previously practised as a
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Inferior courts are those beneath superior courts in the appellate hierarchy, and are generally seen to include the magistrates' and district (or county) court of each State as well as the
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The large number of courts in Australia have different procedural powers and characteristics, different jurisdictional limits, different remedial powers and different cost structures.
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who hold a dual commission to both Divisions of the Court. A second Deputy Chief Judge assists in the management of the general federal law and Fair Work jurisdictions of Division 2.
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matters with leave of the High Court under section 74 of the Constitution; however, the High Court has indicated it will not grant such leave in the future.
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common law courts') as having 'no ready application in Australia to federal courts.' Despite this, Australian courts are frequently characterised as either '
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eliminated appeals from State Supreme Courts to the Privy Council. Appeals from the High Court to the Privy Council are now only theoretically possible in
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majority of cases, the appellate divisions of the Supreme Courts of each State and Territory and the Federal Court are the final courts of appeal.
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Division 1 is the former Family Court of Australia and is a superior court of record for dealing with family law matters. It contains 35 judges.
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Most of the states have two further levels of courts, which are comparable across the country. The district court (or County Court in
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have unlimited jurisdiction in law and equity, or at least are not subject to jurisdictional limits as to the remedies they may grant;
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Although Gibbs CJ, Mason, Wilson and Dawson JJ referred to the 'theoretical possibility' of an appeal to the Privy Council under the
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A table of the court hierarchy and civil and administrative tribunals of the Australian states and territories follows here:
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is applied in the various Australian courts, and ultimately determined by the High Court now that appeals to the (British)
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The High Court has described the concept of a superior court (and associated 'notions derived from the position of pre-
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Although designation as a 'superior court of record' does not necessarily exclude the possibility of judicial review:
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Decisions of the High Court are binding on all Australian courts, including state and territory supreme courts.
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in the United Kingdom. Legal and equitable remedies may be pursued in the one action in the one court.
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and the supreme courts of each State and Territory are generally considered to be superior courts.
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The Supreme Court of Victoria includes a specialist list in the Common Law Division known as the
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jurisdiction conferred by statute and limited as to subject matter or the quantum of relief; and
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is the highest court in the Australian judicial hierarchy. It was created by section 71 of the
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closed off all appeals to the Privy Council in matters involving federal legislation, and the
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107, the following year Court described the grant of a s 74 certificate as 'impossible' in
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are superior courts of record, which means that they have certain inherent procedural and
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Re McJannet; Ex Parte Minister for Employment Training & Industrial Relations (Qld)
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being the highest court in the Australian judicial system. A single body of Australian
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The Court operate under the leadership of one Chief Justice, supported by one Deputy
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by a single judge of a superior court where a right of appeal is not available.
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with general and unlimited jurisdiction within their own State or Territory.
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the remainder experts in various areas of general federal law and migration.
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as the ultimate court of appeal on matters of both federal and State law.
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There is no single definition of the term 'superior court' (or 'superior
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The hierarchy consists of a variety of courts and tribunals at both the
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are administered by the same courts, in a manner similar to that of the
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An Introduction to the Jurisdiction of the Federal Court of Australia
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are composed of judges whose individual decisions are not subject to
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is an inferior and intermediate court formed from the merger of the
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The Federal Circuit and Family Court is split into two divisions:
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Australian Capital Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
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comprises judges who sit in federal courts and courts of the
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closed almost all routes of appeal from the High Court. The
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determine appeals, at least as part of their jurisdiction;
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List of Australian Capital Territory courts and tribunals
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Magistrates Court of the Australian Capital Territory
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Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
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Privy Council (Appeals from the High Court) Act 1975
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Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal
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Privy Council (Appeals from the High Court) Act 1975
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Inferior courts are typically characterised by: 1872:regularly publish their decisions in written form. 1498:Social Services and Child Support Division of the 3795:New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal 2571:Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory 2336:New South Wales Civil and Administrative Tribunal 2215:, court of appeal, and court of criminal appeal. 1001: 3902:Workers Rehabilitation and Compensation Tribunal 3899:Resource Management and Planning Appeal Tribunal 2875: 2873: 2211:various names across the country, including the 1950:jurisdiction over all other courts. It also has 3690:List of Northern Territory courts and tribunals 3581:List of Western Australian courts and tribunals 3418:Courts of the Australian states and territories 443: 3118:The University of Western Australia Law Review 2847:Privy Council (Limitation of Appeals) Act 1968 1968:Privy Council (Limitation of Appeals) Act 1968 5736: 4762: 3959: 3737: 3612:List of South Australian courts and tribunals 3402: 2937:620 at p. 653 (Toohey, McHugh and Gummow JJ). 2904:Kirmani v Captain Cook Cruises Pty Ltd (No 2) 2321:Land and Environment Court of New South Wales 2052:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 2046:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 2040:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 2027:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 1768: 1685:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 1339:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 1324:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 1117:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 1111:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 991:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 940: 418:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia 8: 3829:Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal 3483:List of New South Wales courts and tribunals 2386:Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal 1166:Full Court of the Federal Court of Australia 1128:Fair Work Division of the Full Court of the 3812:Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal 2858: 2856: 2361:Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal 2167:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1845:. In Australia, superior courts generally: 1010:Like the Supreme Courts of the States, the 5743: 5729: 5721: 5440: 5322: 5062: 4926: 4794: 4769: 4755: 4747: 3966: 3952: 3944: 3744: 3730: 3722: 3409: 3395: 3387: 2841: 2839: 1775: 1761: 1647: 947: 933: 31: 3452:List of Commonwealth courts and tribunals 2656:List of Commonwealth courts and tribunals 2187:Learn how and when to remove this message 2025:cases not involving family law, from the 1546:Administrative review and/or small claims 2678: 2676: 2129:State and territory courts and tribunals 1925: 1097:Superior courts (appellate jurisdiction) 1065: 3545:List of Queensland courts and tribunals 2672: 2551:Supreme Court of the Northern Territory 1862:are composed of judges entitled to the 1805:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 1697: 1666: 1650: 1115:(appeal originating from Division 1 of 673:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 67: 43: 37:This article is part of a series on the 3638:List of Tasmanian courts and tribunals 3514:List of Victorian courts and tribunals 3296:"Jurisdiction and hierarchy of courts" 2596:Norfolk Island Court of Petty Sessions 2479:Magistrates Court of Western Australia 1962:Appeals from Australian courts to the 3916:ACT Civil and Administrative Tribunal 3896:Motor Accidents Compensation Tribunal 2723: 2721: 2556:Local Court of the Northern Territory 1966:were initially possible, however the 1328:(does not hear WA family law matters) 1321: 7: 2449:Magistrates Court of South Australia 2165:adding citations to reliable sources 1233:Superior courts (trial jurisdiction) 3229:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 3216:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 3199:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 2947:Federal Court of Australia Act 1976 2474:District Court of Western Australia 1739:Australian Capital Territory courts 1023:court does have jurisdiction over. 965:States and Territories of Australia 4258:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet 2805:1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 2012 2464:Supreme Court of Western Australia 1843:Senior Courts of England and Wales 1465:Quasi-judicial tribunals for e.g. 25: 3372:Barker, Cat (12 September 2018). 2469:Family Court of Western Australia 2444:District Court of South Australia 2326:District Court of New South Wales 1930:Courtroom 1 in the High Court in 1700:Australian States and Territories 1690:Commonwealth courts and tribunals 3442:Federal Circuit and Family Court 2628: 2614: 2533: 2520: 2507: 2439:Supreme Court of South Australia 2421: 2408: 2395: 2316:Supreme Court of New South Wales 2298: 2285: 2272: 2137: 1878:Federal Circuit and Family Court 1658: 1012:Federal Circuit and Family Court 870: 726:Australia and the United Nations 222: 217: 3771:Administrative Appeals Tribunal 3014:Constitution of Queensland 2001 2801:Australian Bureau of Statistics 2691:Federal Judicial Scholarship 15 2591:Supreme Court of Norfolk Island 2381:Magistrates Court of Queensland 2243:In three external territories ( 1520:Industrial Relations Commission 1500:Administrative Appeals Tribunal 1480:Administrative Appeals Tribunal 5769:Federated States of Micronesia 3890:Medical Practitioners Tribunal 3056:Kirk v Industrial Court of NSW 2822:Kirk v Industrial Court of NSW 2356:Magistrates' Court of Victoria 2331:Local Court of New South Wales 1908:law, that is, law made by the 1: 2968:The Supreme Court of Victoria 2704:Attorney-General (NSW) v Quin 2499:Magistrates Court of Tasmania 1900:These courts among them have 18:Judiciary of Christmas Island 4248:Premiers and Chief Ministers 4243:Governors and Administrators 3910:Australian Capital Territory 3884:Anti-Discrimination Tribunal 3647:Australian Capital Territory 2651:Law enforcement in Australia 2528:Australian Capital Territory 2505: 2393: 2376:District Court of Queensland 2270: 1859:or appeal to a single judge; 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The 1807:have been abolished. 1749:Norfolk Island courts 1476:Administrative review 1471:administrative review 1400:No intermediate court 211:Australian Parliament 152:Deputy Prime Minister 61: 27:National court system 5273:Cabinet of Australia 5248:Government ministers 5016:World Heritage Sites 4822:European exploration 4676:Kirribilli agreement 4661:Hardworking Families 4616:Chardonnay socialist 3301:State Library of NSW 2683:Justice James Allsop 2261:devolved legislation 2161:improve this section 1511:Fair Work Commission 877:Australia portal 5961:Courts of Australia 5345:Gross state product 4656:Group voting ticket 1793:State and Territory 1536:Employment Tribunal 1319:Intermediate courts 1071:General federal law 516:Electoral divisions 5663:Australian studies 5598:Australian English 5407:Telecommunications 5243:Government leaders 5186:Political ideology 4726:Stolen Generations 4641:Double dissolution 4434:Northern Territory 3925:Northern Territory 3673:Northern Territory 3607:Magistrates' Court 3540:Magistrates' Court 3509:Magistrates' Court 2964:"Commercial Court" 2515:Northern Territory 2208: 2072:administrative law 2018: 1977:Australia Act 1986 1936: 1910:Federal parliament 1667:Federal Law Courts 1412:Magistrates' Court 1109:Full Court of the 1101:Full Court of the 919:Northern Territory 534:Voter registration 63: 5943: 5942: 5935:Wallis and Futuna 5880:Clipperton Island 5838:Associated states 5718: 5717: 5671: 5670: 5493:Human trafficking 5430: 5429: 5312: 5311: 5112:Foreign relations 5052: 5051: 4916: 4915: 4863:Asian Australians 4744: 4743: 4716:Quiet Australians 4484:Western Australia 4050:Opposition Leader 4028:Foreign relations 4014: 3941: 3940: 3839:Western Australia 3719: 3718: 3659:Magistrates Court 3633:Magistrates Court 3576:Magistrates Court 3554:Western Australia 3348:Library resources 3275:www.fcfcoa.gov.au 3250:www.fcfcoa.gov.au 2781:www.fcfcoa.gov.au 2603: 2602: 2416:Western Australia 2197: 2196: 2189: 1795:levels, with the 1785: 1784: 1719:Queensland courts 1646: 1645: 1601:Magistrates Court 1252:Rest of Australia 957: 956: 899:Western Australia 713:Visa requirements 665:Foreign relations 651:Political parties 549:Political funding 544:Political parties 181:Albanese ministry 48: 16:(Redirected from 5968: 5925:Pitcairn Islands 5895:French Polynesia 5875:Christmas Island 5804:Papua New Guinea 5784:Marshall Islands 5757:Sovereign states 5745: 5738: 5731: 5722: 5698: 5691: 5684: 5560:Waste management 5441: 5362:Household income 5323: 5285:Governor-General 5095:Electoral system 5063: 4927: 4795: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4748: 4686:Leadership spill 4666:How-to-vote card 4651:Forgotten People 4521:Liberal National 4310:State/territory 4233:State/territory 4008: 3996:Governor-General 3968: 3961: 3954: 3945: 3746: 3739: 3732: 3723: 3411: 3404: 3397: 3388: 3383: 3335: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3267: 3261: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3242: 3236: 3226: 3220: 3212: 3206: 3196: 3190: 3174: 3168: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3152:UNSW Law Journal 3149: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3115: 3106: 3100: 3090: 3084: 3074: 3068: 3051: 3045: 3004:See for example 3002: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2960: 2954: 2944: 2938: 2922: 2916: 2877: 2868: 2860: 2851: 2843: 2834: 2818: 2812: 2798: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2773: 2767: 2757: 2751: 2741: 2735: 2725: 2716: 2700: 2694: 2680: 2638: 2633: 2632: 2624: 2622:Australia portal 2619: 2618: 2617: 2537: 2524: 2511: 2425: 2412: 2399: 2302: 2289: 2276: 2269: 2249:Christmas Island 2192: 2185: 2181: 2178: 2172: 2141: 2133: 1832:Commercial Court 1777: 1770: 1763: 1734:Tasmanian courts 1714:Victorian courts 1662: 1648: 1352:Employment Court 1348:Industrial Court 1205:Criminal matters 1066: 1005:courts of record 949: 942: 935: 875: 874: 873: 839:Multiculturalism 814:Environmentalism 792: 680:Foreign Minister 666: 609: 608:Local government 564: 539:Leadership spill 471:Recent elections 464: 449:Law of Australia 331: 226: 221: 203: 143:Anthony Albanese 127: 104:Governor-General 80: 51: 46: 38: 32: 21: 5976: 5975: 5971: 5970: 5969: 5967: 5966: 5965: 5946: 5945: 5944: 5939: 5862: 5856: 5839: 5833: 5814:Solomon Islands 5752: 5749: 5719: 5714: 5701: 5694: 5687: 5680: 5667: 5628:Public holidays 5569: 5513:Life expectancy 5426: 5308: 5259: 5048: 5020: 5006:Protected areas 4912: 4851: 4784: 4775: 4745: 4740: 4601:Branch stacking 4582: 4575: 4531:Centre Alliance 4525:Country Liberal 4500: 4493: 4454:South Australia 4424:New South Wales 4415: 4408: 4311: 4304: 4234: 4227: 4090: 4083: 3977: 3972: 3942: 3937: 3920: 3905: 3893:Mining Tribunal 3868: 3856:South Australia 3851: 3834: 3817: 3800: 3788:New South Wales 3783: 3759: 3750: 3720: 3715: 3694: 3668: 3642: 3616: 3590:South Australia 3585: 3549: 3518: 3487: 3461:New South Wales 3456: 3420: 3415: 3371: 3368: 3367: 3366: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3344: 3342:Further reading 3339: 3338: 3320: 3316: 3306: 3304: 3294: 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3254: 3252: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3209: 3197: 3193: 3175: 3171: 3161: 3159: 3147: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3127: 3125: 3113: 3108: 3107: 3103: 3091: 3087: 3075: 3071: 3052: 3048: 3003: 2999: 2991: 2987: 2986: 2982: 2972: 2970: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2945: 2941: 2923: 2919: 2878: 2871: 2861: 2854: 2844: 2837: 2819: 2815: 2799: 2795: 2785: 2783: 2775: 2774: 2770: 2758: 2754: 2742: 2738: 2726: 2719: 2701: 2697: 2681: 2674: 2669: 2642: 2641: 2634: 2627: 2620: 2615: 2613: 2608: 2538: 2525: 2512: 2426: 2413: 2403:South Australia 2400: 2303: 2290: 2280:New South Wales 2277: 2193: 2182: 2176: 2173: 2158: 2142: 2131: 2104:trade practices 2048: 2042: 1998: 1992: 1924: 1918: 1898: 1889:judicial review 1887:amenability to 1864:style and title 1857:judicial review 1839:court of record 1813: 1781: 1607:Other tribunals 1605: 1604:(SA - Tas - WA) 1596: 1518: 1514: 1508: 1496: 1486:Other tribunals 1483: 1408:Inferior courts 1397: 1346: 1342: 1335: 1271: 1267: 1260: 1207: 1203: 1180:Court of Appeal 1178: 1173: 1146:Court of Appeal 1144: 1137: 1135:State/Territory 1133: 1126: 1064: 1051: 1043:Judicature Acts 953: 924: 923: 904:South Australia 884:New South Wales 871: 869: 864: 863: 794: 790: 782: 781: 743: 730: 722: 703:Nationality law 699: 687: 668: 664: 656: 655: 611: 607: 599: 598: 585: 566: 562: 554: 553: 530: 507: 466: 462: 454: 453: 440: 429:Will Alstergren 413: 386: 350:Stephen Gageler 333: 329: 321: 320: 316:Shadow Ministry 292: 260: 228: 205: 201: 193: 192: 165: 129: 125: 117: 116: 82: 78: 49: 45: 36: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5974: 5972: 5964: 5963: 5958: 5948: 5947: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5915:Norfolk Island 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5870:American Samoa 5866: 5864: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5843: 5841: 5840:of New Zealand 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5776: 5771: 5766: 5760: 5758: 5754: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5747: 5740: 5733: 5725: 5716: 5715: 5713: 5712: 5707: 5700: 5699: 5692: 5685: 5677: 5676: 5673: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5579: 5577: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5536: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5425: 5424: 5422:Welfare system 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5397:Superannuation 5394: 5392:Stock exchange 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5355:Public housing 5350:Home ownership 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5326: 5320: 5314: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5306: 5305: 5304: 5297:Prime Minister 5294: 5293: 5292: 5282: 5281: 5280: 5269: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5257: 5255:Shadow Cabinet 5252: 5251: 5250: 5245: 5235: 5233:Public Service 5230: 5229: 5228: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5162: 5161: 5156: 5151: 5141: 5136: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5114: 5109: 5107:Federal budget 5104: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5060: 5054: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5030: 5028: 5022: 5021: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4968: 4963: 4962: 4961: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4939:Climate change 4936: 4930: 4924: 4918: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4868:Constitutional 4865: 4859: 4857: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4844: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4786: 4785: 4776: 4774: 4773: 4766: 4759: 4751: 4742: 4741: 4739: 4738: 4733: 4731:Working Family 4728: 4723: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4606:Casual vacancy 4603: 4598: 4593: 4587: 4585: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4505: 4503: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4481: 4471: 4461: 4451: 4441: 4431: 4420: 4418: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4400: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4316: 4314: 4306: 4305: 4303: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4261: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4239: 4237: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4095: 4093: 4085: 4084: 4082: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4059: 4053: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4031: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4011:Shadow Cabinet 4003: 4001:Prime Minister 3998: 3993: 3987: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3973: 3971: 3970: 3963: 3956: 3948: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3935: 3928: 3926: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3913: 3911: 3907: 3906: 3904: 3903: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3876: 3874: 3870: 3869: 3867: 3866: 3859: 3857: 3853: 3852: 3850: 3849: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3835: 3833: 3832: 3825: 3823: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3798: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3781: 3778:various others 3774: 3767: 3765: 3761: 3760: 3754:quasi-judicial 3751: 3749: 3748: 3741: 3734: 3726: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3713: 3708: 3702: 3700: 3699:Norfolk Island 3696: 3695: 3693: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3676: 3674: 3670: 3669: 3667: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3650: 3648: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3624: 3622: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3602:District Court 3599: 3593: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3584: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3571:District Court 3568: 3563: 3557: 3555: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3535:District Court 3532: 3526: 3524: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3501: 3495: 3493: 3489: 3488: 3486: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3473:District Court 3470: 3464: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3455: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3439: 3434: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3421: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3406: 3399: 3391: 3385: 3384: 3365: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3314: 3287: 3262: 3237: 3221: 3207: 3191: 3169: 3135: 3101: 3085: 3069: 3046: 2997: 2980: 2955: 2939: 2917: 2869: 2852: 2835: 2813: 2793: 2768: 2752: 2736: 2717: 2695: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2663: 2658: 2653: 2648: 2640: 2639: 2625: 2610: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2599: 2598: 2593: 2586: 2585: 2584: 2578: 2573: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2558: 2553: 2545: 2544: 2541:Norfolk Island 2531: 2518: 2504: 2503: 2502: 2501: 2496: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2459: 2458: 2457: 2451: 2446: 2441: 2433: 2432: 2419: 2406: 2392: 2391: 2390: 2389: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2366: 2365: 2364: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2341: 2340: 2339: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2310: 2309: 2296: 2283: 2245:Norfolk Island 2195: 2194: 2177:September 2010 2145: 2143: 2136: 2130: 2127: 2119: 2118: 2114: 2092:industrial law 2044:Main article: 2041: 2038: 1994:Main article: 1991: 1988: 1920:Main article: 1917: 1914: 1912:of Australia. 1897: 1896:Federal courts 1894: 1893: 1892: 1885: 1874: 1873: 1870: 1867:The Honourable 1860: 1853: 1850: 1812: 1809: 1783: 1782: 1780: 1779: 1772: 1765: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1703: 1702: 1695: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1682: 1677: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1663: 1655: 1654: 1644: 1643: 1543: 1503: 1489: 1473: 1462: 1461: 1409: 1405: 1404: 1370:District Court 1367: 1330: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1273: 1255: 1241: 1234: 1230: 1229: 1139: 1121: 1106: 1098: 1094: 1093: 1086: 1082: 1081: 1078: 1077:Employment law 1075: 1072: 1069: 1063: 1060: 1050: 1047: 955: 954: 952: 951: 944: 937: 929: 926: 925: 922: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 880: 879: 866: 865: 862: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 795: 788: 787: 784: 783: 780: 779: 774: 769: 767:European Union 764: 759: 754: 752:United Kingdom 749: 742: 741: 736: 729: 728: 721: 720: 715: 710: 705: 698: 697: 686: 685: 676: 675: 669: 662: 661: 658: 657: 654: 653: 648: 643: 638: 633: 628: 623: 618: 612: 605: 604: 601: 600: 597: 596: 591: 584: 583: 578: 573: 567: 560: 559: 556: 555: 552: 551: 546: 541: 536: 529: 528: 523: 518: 513: 506: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 474: 473: 467: 460: 459: 456: 455: 452: 451: 446: 439: 438: 436:List of Judges 432: 431: 422: 421: 412: 411: 409:List of Judges 405: 404: 402:Debra Mortimer 395: 394: 385: 384: 379: 374: 369: 364: 359: 353: 352: 343: 342: 334: 327: 326: 323: 322: 319: 318: 312: 311: 301: 300: 291: 290: 280: 279: 269: 268: 259: 258: 248: 247: 237: 236: 215: 214: 206: 199: 198: 195: 194: 191: 190: 184: 183: 174: 173: 164: 163: 160:Richard Marles 156: 155: 147: 146: 139: 138: 135:Prime Minister 130: 123: 122: 119: 118: 115: 114: 108: 107: 99: 98: 92: 91: 83: 76: 75: 72: 71: 65: 64: 54: 53: 41: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5973: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5953: 5951: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5910:New Caledonia 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5890:Easter Island 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5867: 5865: 5859: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5836: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5761: 5759: 5755: 5746: 5741: 5739: 5734: 5732: 5727: 5726: 5723: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5702: 5697: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5683: 5679: 5678: 5674: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5572: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5534: 5531: 5529: 5528:Ethnic groups 5526: 5524: 5521: 5520: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5445: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5433: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5367:Manufacturing 5365: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5352: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5315: 5303: 5300: 5299: 5298: 5295: 5291: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5283: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5268: 5266: 5262: 5256: 5253: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5240: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5221:Republicanism 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5188: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5176:National debt 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5119: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5055: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4919: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4860: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4779: 4772: 4767: 4765: 4760: 4758: 4753: 4752: 4749: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4691:Mortgage belt 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4636:Dorothy Dixer 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4611:Caucus revolt 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4578: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4566:Other parties 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4507: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4496: 4489: 4485: 4482: 4479: 4475: 4472: 4469: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4455: 4452: 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3543: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3530:Supreme Court 3528: 3527: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3499:Supreme Court 3497: 3496: 3494: 3490: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3468:Supreme Court 3466: 3465: 3463: 3459: 3453: 3450: 3448: 3445: 3443: 3440: 3438: 3437:Federal Court 3435: 3433: 3430: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3412: 3407: 3405: 3400: 3398: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3381: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3369: 3363: 3360: 3359: 3354: 3349: 3341: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3291: 3288: 3276: 3272: 3266: 3263: 3251: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3217: 3211: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3195: 3192: 3188: 3186: 3185:Australia Act 3181: 3179: 3178:Australia Act 3173: 3170: 3157: 3153: 3146: 3139: 3136: 3123: 3119: 3112: 3105: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3089: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3063:, (2010) 239 3062: 3058: 3057: 3050: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3001: 2998: 2990: 2984: 2981: 2969: 2965: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2933:, (1995) 184 2932: 2928: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2911:, (1985) 159 2910: 2906: 2905: 2900: 2897:, (1984) 155 2896: 2892: 2891: 2886: 2882: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2865: 2859: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2848: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2829:, (2010) 239 2828: 2824: 2823: 2817: 2814: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2797: 2794: 2782: 2778: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2740: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2724: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2711:, (1990) 170 2710: 2706: 2705: 2699: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2679: 2677: 2673: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2643: 2637: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2612: 2605: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2588: 2587: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2568: 2567: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2543: 2542: 2536: 2532: 2530: 2529: 2523: 2519: 2517: 2516: 2510: 2506: 2500: 2497: 2495: 2492: 2491: 2490: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2440: 2437: 2436: 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1865: 1861: 1858: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1844: 1840: 1835: 1833: 1828: 1826: 1825:Federal Court 1822: 1818: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1778: 1773: 1771: 1766: 1764: 1759: 1758: 1756: 1755: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1603: 1602: 1594: 1593: 1588: 1587: 1582: 1581: 1576: 1575: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1563: 1558: 1557: 1552: 1551: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1501: 1495: 1494: 1493:Child support 1490: 1488: 1487: 1482: 1481: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1361: 1360:Supreme Court 1357: 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800: 797: 796: 793: 786: 785: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 757:United States 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 744: 740: 737: 735: 732: 731: 727: 724: 723: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 700: 696: 692: 689: 688: 684: 681: 678: 677: 674: 671: 670: 667: 660: 659: 652: 649: 647: 644: 642: 639: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 613: 610: 603: 602: 595: 592: 590: 587: 586: 582: 579: 577: 574: 572: 569: 568: 565: 558: 557: 550: 547: 545: 542: 540: 537: 535: 532: 531: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 508: 504: 501: 499: 496: 494: 491: 489: 486: 484: 481: 479: 476: 475: 472: 469: 468: 465: 458: 457: 450: 447: 445: 442: 441: 437: 434: 433: 430: 427: 426:Chief Justice 424: 423: 420: 419: 415: 414: 410: 407: 406: 403: 400: 399:Chief Justice 397: 396: 393: 392: 388: 387: 383: 380: 378: 375: 373: 370: 368: 365: 363: 360: 358: 355: 354: 351: 348: 347:Chief Justice 345: 344: 341: 340: 336: 335: 332: 325: 324: 317: 314: 313: 309: 306: 303: 302: 299: 298: 294: 293: 288: 285: 282: 281: 277: 274: 271: 270: 267: 266: 262: 261: 256: 253: 250: 249: 245: 242: 239: 238: 235: 234: 230: 229: 227: 225: 220: 213: 212: 208: 207: 204: 197: 196: 189: 186: 185: 182: 179: 176: 175: 172: 171: 167: 166: 161: 158: 157: 154: 153: 149: 148: 144: 141: 140: 137: 136: 132: 131: 128: 121: 120: 113: 110: 109: 106: 105: 101: 100: 97: 94: 93: 90: 89: 85: 84: 81: 74: 73: 70: 66: 60: 56: 55: 52: 42: 39: 34: 33: 30: 19: 5861:Dependencies 5847:Cook Islands 5763: 5696:Bibliography 5583:Architecture 5540:Prostitution 5523:Demographics 5488:Homelessness 5387:Reserve Bank 5201:Conservatism 5153: 5149:Constitution 5117:Human rights 5075:Constitution 5026:Subdivisions 4807:Bibliography 4646:Faceless men 4626:Despatch box 4596:Bjelkemander 4211:By-elections 4203: 4069:Constitution 4062:Lower Courts 4061: 3983:Commonwealth 3877: 3777: 3764:Commonwealth 3566:Family Court 3504:County Court 3425:Commonwealth 3377: 3352: 3330:, (1999) 27 3321: 3317: 3305:. Retrieved 3299: 3290: 3278:. Retrieved 3274: 3265: 3253:. Retrieved 3249: 3240: 3228: 3224: 3214: 3210: 3198: 3194: 3184: 3177: 3172: 3160:. Retrieved 3155: 3151: 3138: 3126:. Retrieved 3121: 3117: 3104: 3093:Constitution 3092: 3088: 3077:Constitution 3076: 3072: 3054: 3049: 3037: 3029: 3021: 3013: 3005: 3000: 2983: 2971:. Retrieved 2967: 2958: 2946: 2942: 2924: 2920: 2902: 2888: 2881:Constitution 2880: 2862: 2845: 2820: 2816: 2804: 2796: 2784:. Retrieved 2780: 2771: 2759: 2755: 2743: 2739: 2728:Constitution 2727: 2702: 2698: 2690: 2539: 2526: 2513: 2427: 2414: 2401: 2304: 2291: 2278: 2265: 2257: 2242: 2230: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2209: 2183: 2174: 2159:Please help 2147: 2120: 2108: 2088:human rights 2056:Family Court 2049: 2034: 2031: 2019: 1981: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1961: 1957: 1944:Constitution 1937: 1906:Commonwealth 1902:jurisdiction 1899: 1875: 1869:Justice; and 1836: 1829: 1814: 1786: 1606: 1600: 1598: 1597: 1590: 1584: 1578: 1572: 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1545: 1535: 1519: 1516:Other States 1515: 1509: 1505: 1497: 1491: 1484: 1478: 1475: 1467:small claims 1452: 1440: 1439: 1411: 1399: 1398: 1390:County Court 1389: 1369: 1359: 1351: 1347: 1344:Other States 1343: 1336: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1275: 1269:Other States 1268: 1261: 1257: 1244:Family Court 1243: 1236: 1208: 1204: 1191: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1165: 1145: 1141: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1114: 1108: 1100: 1088: 1052: 1033: 1025: 1009: 995: 980: 977: 960: 958: 809:Conservatism 695:in Australia 589:State courts 521:By-elections 470: 416: 389: 337: 328: 308:Peter Dutton 295: 263: 231: 216: 209: 168: 150: 133: 102: 86: 69:Constitution 35: 29: 5794:New Zealand 5658:Anglosphere 5498:Immigration 5463:Citizenship 5330:Agriculture 5216:Nationalism 5159:Enforcement 5132:Transgender 4966:Earthquakes 4954:Environment 4888:Immigration 4817:Archaeology 4696:Nationalism 4681:Langer vote 4631:Donkey vote 4583:terminology 4235:governments 4216:Referendums 3752:Australian 3685:Local Court 3478:Local Court 2123:Chief Judge 1441:Local Court 1142:All matters 844:Nationalism 747:New Zealand 718:Visa policy 382:Beech-Jones 276:Milton Dick 202:Legislature 96:Charles III 47:Politics of 5950:Categories 5648:Television 5618:Literature 5503:Irreligion 5483:Healthcare 5478:Euthanasia 5458:Censorship 5265:Government 5211:Liberalism 5181:Parliament 4893:Indigenous 4883:Federation 4873:Diplomatic 4847:Since 1945 4812:Prehistory 4706:Playmander 4581:Political 4571:Historical 4556:One Nation 4499:Political 4444:Queensland 4416:government 4057:High Court 4035:Parliament 3822:Queensland 3523:Queensland 3432:High Court 3280:16 January 3255:16 January 3187:1986 (Cth) 3180:1986 (Imp) 2786:17 January 2667:References 2636:Law portal 2306:Queensland 2213:full court 2080:bankruptcy 2064:family law 1940:High Court 1817:Judicature 1801:common law 1797:High Court 1698:Courts of 1192:Full Court 1085:Apex court 1074:Family law 1035:Common law 1028:High Court 981:Under the 894:Queensland 854:Secularism 834:Monarchism 829:Liberalism 791:Ideologies 683:Penny Wong 297:Opposition 287:Tony Burke 255:Penny Wong 112:Sam Mostyn 5764:Australia 5555:Squatting 5508:Languages 5473:Education 5453:Aged care 5417:Transport 5226:Socialism 5206:Far-right 5196:Christian 5191:Anarchism 5154:Judiciary 5090:Donations 5085:Elections 4996:Mountains 4944:Continent 4922:Geography 4842:1901–1945 4837:1851–1900 4832:1788–1850 4778:Australia 4509:Coalition 4312:elections 4091:elections 3757:tribunals 3233:s 14 3203:s 24 3097:s 73 3081:s 71 3042:s 16 3034:s 85 3026:s 17 3018:s 58 3010:s 23 2885:s 74 2764:s 37 2748:s 44 2732:s 72 2148:does not 2096:migration 2084:copyright 2006:Melbourne 1948:appellate 1946:. It has 1056:barrister 859:Socialism 824:Hansonism 819:Far-right 804:Christian 799:Anarchism 708:Passports 463:Elections 330:Judiciary 244:Sue Lines 241:President 126:Executive 50:Australia 5779:Kiribati 5705:Category 5550:Religion 5448:Abortion 5402:Taxation 5171:Monarchy 5166:Military 5122:Intersex 5058:Politics 5039:Capitals 4903:Monarchy 4898:Military 4878:Economic 4856:By topic 4802:Timeline 4782:articles 4711:Pub test 4591:Battlers 4517:National 4474:Victoria 4464:Tasmania 4404:Timeline 4392:Tas 2028 4387:NSW 2027 4382:Vic 2026 4367:Qld 2024 4362:ACT 2024 4350:Tas 2024 4345:NSW 2023 4340:Vic 2022 4325:Qld 2020 4320:ACT 2020 4223:Timeline 4099:Pre-1972 4089:Federal 4023:Ministry 3873:Tasmania 3805:Victoria 3621:Tasmania 3492:Victoria 3162:16 April 3128:16 April 3067:531 at . 2951:s 5 2833:531 at . 2715:1 at 33. 2606:See also 2429:Tasmania 2293:Victoria 2233:Victoria 2058:and the 2010:La Trobe 1983:inter se 1932:Canberra 1821:superior 1589:(Tas) - 1577:(Vic) - 1571:(Qld) - 1559:(NSW) - 1553:(ACT) - 1020:contempt 1002:superior 989:and the 909:Tasmania 889:Victoria 178:Ministry 79:Monarchy 5930:Tokelau 5829:Vanuatu 5682:Outline 5653:Theatre 5643:Symbols 5608:Cuisine 5575:Culture 5436:Society 5412:Tourism 5382:Poverty 5318:Economy 5100:Parties 5001:Regions 4991:Islands 4986:Geology 4981:Forests 4949:Deserts 4934:Climate 4908:Railway 4790:History 4513:Liberal 4501:parties 4397:NT 2028 4377:SA 2026 4372:WA 2025 4355:NT 2024 4335:SA 2022 4330:WA 2021 4006:Cabinet 3991:Monarch 3934:(NTCAT) 3879:Various 3865:(SACAT) 3307:24 July 2563:(NTCAT) 2456:(SACAT) 2237:summary 2169:removed 2154:sources 2100:privacy 2016:streets 2014:William 1789:federal 1586:Various 1583:(SA) - 1565:(NT) - 1469:and/or 1350:(Qld); 1272:Various 1138:Various 1124:Federal 377:Gleeson 372:Steward 367:Edelman 273:Speaker 188:Cabinet 88:Monarch 5905:Hawaii 5824:Tuvalu 5710:Portal 5603:Cinema 5545:Racism 5518:People 5377:Mining 5340:Energy 5335:Dollar 5080:Courts 5070:Asylum 5044:Cities 5011:Rivers 4959:issues 4780:  4551:Lambie 4541:Katter 4536:Greens 4414:Local 4045:Senate 3918:(ACAT) 3831:(QCAT) 3814:(VCAT) 3797:(NCAT) 3350:about 3231:(Cth) 3219:(Cth). 3201:(Cth) 3095:(Cth) 3079:(Cth) 3032:(Vic) 3016:(Qld) 3008:(NSW) 2949:(Cth) 2883:(Cth) 2867:(Cth). 2850:(Cth). 2809:Courts 2762:(NSW) 2746:(NSW) 2730:(Cth) 2583:(ACAT) 2388:(QCAT) 2363:(VCAT) 2338:(NCAT) 2251:, and 1049:Judges 1039:equity 967:. The 762:Canada 362:Gordon 305:Leader 284:Leader 252:Leader 233:Senate 5819:Tonga 5809:Samoa 5799:Palau 5789:Nauru 5689:Index 5638:Sport 5633:Radio 5623:Music 5613:Dance 5565:Women 5468:Crime 5372:Media 5238:Women 4976:Fauna 4971:Flora 4546:Labor 3848:(SAT) 3773:(AAT) 3326: 3148:(PDF) 3124:: 171 3114:(PDF) 3059: 3040:(WA) 3024:(SA) 2992:(PDF) 2973:5 May 2929: 2907: 2893: 2825: 2707: 2486:(SAT) 1904:over 1595:(WA) 1580:SACAT 1562:NTCAT 777:India 772:China 357:Keane 289:(ALP) 278:(ALP) 257:(ALP) 246:(ALP) 162:(ALP) 145:(ALP) 5900:Guam 5852:Niue 5774:Fiji 5593:Arts 5302:list 5290:list 5278:list 5127:LGBT 4736:Worm 4488:list 4478:list 4468:list 4458:list 4448:list 4438:list 4428:list 4205:Next 4199:2022 4194:2019 4189:2016 4184:2013 4179:2010 4174:2007 4169:2004 4164:2001 4159:1998 4154:1996 4149:1993 4144:1990 4139:1987 4134:1984 4129:1983 4124:1980 4119:1977 4114:1975 4109:1974 4104:1972 3334:511. 3309:2022 3282:2022 3257:2022 3182:and 3164:2021 3130:2021 2975:2024 2915:461. 2788:2022 2203:The 2152:any 2150:cite 2102:and 2066:and 2050:The 2020:The 2012:and 1938:The 1791:and 1574:VCAT 1568:QCAT 1556:NCAT 1550:ACAT 1451:); 1037:and 1026:The 1014:and 1000:are 959:The 739:APEC 503:2007 498:2010 493:2013 488:2016 483:2019 478:2022 310:(LP) 5588:Art 5144:Law 4561:UAP 4295:ACT 4290:Tas 4275:Qld 4270:Vic 4265:NSW 3332:CLR 3065:CLR 2935:CLR 2913:CLR 2899:CLR 2887:in 2831:CLR 2713:CLR 2689:". 2685:. 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Index

Judiciary of Christmas Island
Politics of
Australia


Constitution
Monarchy
Monarch
Charles III
Governor-General
Sam Mostyn
Executive
Prime Minister
Anthony Albanese
Deputy Prime Minister
Richard Marles
Federal Executive Council
Ministry
Albanese ministry
Cabinet
Legislature
Australian Parliament


Senate
President
Sue Lines
Leader
Penny Wong
House of Representatives
Speaker
Milton Dick

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