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isolated group, small in numbers yet dominating a country inhabited by a majority of peoples of different races and conflicting aspirations, and playing a role in
European affairs out of all proportions to its numerical importance or intellectual culture. This instinct is to-day awakened and gives warning that it feels the occupation of Bosnia-Herzegovina to be a menace which, by introducing fresh Slav elements into the Hungarian political organism and providing a wider field and further recruitment of the Croat opposition, would upset the unstable equilibrium in which the Magyar domination is poised.
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730:, were allowed to advance to Salonika. In the session of the Hungarian Parliament of 5 November 1878 the Opposition proposed that the Foreign Minister should be impeached for violating the constitution by his policy during the Near East Crisis and by the occupation of Bosnia-Herzegovina. The motion was lost by 179 to 95. By the Opposition rank and file the gravest accusations were raised against Andrassy.
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574:(6 November 1871), Andrássy stepped into his place. His tenure of the chancellorship was epoch-making. Where Beust had been hostile to Germany and friendly toward Russia, Andrássy took the opposite approach. One problem was that Germany was close to Italy, but Italy and Austria were at odds about who would control border areas.
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As premier, Andrássy by his firmness, amiability and dexterity as a debater, soon won for himself a commanding position. Yet his position continued to be difficult, inasmuch as the authority of Deák dwarfed that of all the party leaders, however eminent. Andrássy chose for himself the departments of
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for the first time consulted Andrássy, who recommended the re-establishment of the constitution and the appointment of a responsible foreign and defence ministry. On 17 February 1867 the king/emperor appointed him as the first prime minister of the
Hungarian half of the newly formed Dual Monarchy of
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Particularly in
Hungary the dissatisfaction caused by this "adventure" has reached the gravest proportions, prompted by that strong conservative instinct which animates the Magyar race and is the secret of its destinies. This vigorous and exclusive instinct explains the historical phenomenon of an
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Andrássy felt constrained to bow before the storm, and he placed his resignation in the emperor's hands (8 October 1879). The day before his retirement he signed the offensive-defensive alliance with
Germany, which placed the foreign relations of Austria-Hungary once more on a stable footing.
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It was
Andrassy who recovered for Austria her proper place in the European concert. First he approached the German emperor; then more satisfactory relations were established with the courts of Italy and Russia by means of conferences at Berlin, Vienna, St Petersburg and Venice.
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of 1870, Andrássy resolutely defended the neutrality of the
Austrian monarchy, and in his speech on 28 July 1870 warmly protested against the assumption that it was in the interests of Austria to seek to recover the position it had held in Germany before 1863. On the fall of
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in 1875. The three courts of Vienna, Berlin and St
Petersburg reached an understanding as to their attitude in the Eastern question, and their views were embodied in the dispatch, known as the "Andrássy Note", sent on 30 December 1875 by Andrássy to
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by the
Austrian government for his share in the Hungarian revolt. In exile for ten years, he studied politics in what was then the centre of European diplomacy. He discerned the weakness of the second French empire beneath its imposing exterior.
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He was the first Magyar statesman who, for centuries, had occupied a
European position. It has been said that he united in himself the Magyar magnate with the modern gentleman. His motto was: "It is hard to promise, but it is easy to perform."
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elected provincial councils were to be established, life-term judges appointed and individual liberties guaranteed. Finally, a mixed commission of
Muslims and Christians was to be empowered to watch over the carrying out of these reforms.
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father who belonged to the political opposition, at a time when opposing the government was very dangerous, Andrássy at a very early age threw himself into the political struggles of the day, adopting at the outset the patriotic side.
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between Austria and Hungary. He originated the idea of the "Delegations" of powers. It was said at that time that he was the only member of the commission who could persuade the court of the justice of the national claims.
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To this point Austria had been content either to keep out the Russians or share the booty with them. She was now, moreover, in consequence of her misfortunes deprived of most of her influence in the councils of Europe.
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peoples into nationalities was still incomplete. The question was whether these nationalities were to be allowed to become independent or were only to exchange the tyranny of the sultan for the tyranny of the
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842:(b. 1858). Both sons gained distinction in Hungarian politics. Tivadar was elected vice-president of the Lower House of the Hungarian parliament in 1890. Gyula also had a successful political career.
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After his retirement, Andrássy continued to take an active part in public affairs both in the Delegations and in the Upper House. In 1885 he warmly supported the project for the reform of the
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had already "ended on 6 June by Britain agreeing to all the Austrian proposals relative to Bosnia-Herzegovina about to come before the congress while Austria would support British demands".
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364:(1871–1879). Andrássy was a conservative; his foreign policies looked to expanding the Empire into Southeast Europe, preferably with British and German support, and without alienating
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On 21 December 1865, he was chosen vice-president of the Diet. In March 1866, he was elected as president of the sub-committee appointed by the parliamentary commission to draw up the
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threatened a Russian hegemony in the Near East, Andrássy concurred with the German and British courts that the final adjustment of matters must be submitted to a European congress.
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The fact that the sultan would be responsible to Europe for the realization of his promises would serve to allay the natural suspicions of the insurgents. To this plan both
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In it he pointed out that the efforts of the powers to localize the revolt seemed in danger of failure, that the rebels were still holding their own, and that the
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was the first adequately to appreciate his capacity. In 1845 Andrássy was appointed as president of the society for the regulation of the waters of the
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system (state army), and he used often to say that the regulation of the military border districts was the most difficult labour of his life.
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and aggrandize the Dual Monarchy. Before the Congress opened on 13 June, negotiations between Andrássy and the British Foreign Secretary
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This occupation was most unpopular in Hungary, both for financial reasons and because of the strong pro-Turk sentiments of the Magyars.
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The recovered influence of Austria was evident in the negotiations which followed the outbreak of serious disturbances in
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Count Gyula Andrássy's granddaughter, Klára, married the Hungarian nobleman and industrialist Prince Károly Odescalchi.
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On 28 September 1878 the Finance Minister, Koloman von Zell, threatened to resign if the army, behind which stood the
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537:. It ended Austria's hopes for a role in uniting Germany. Bismark wanted to restore good relations after the war.
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Count Andrássy had four granddaughters, Klára above, Borbála, married Marquis Pallavicini, Katalin married Count
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prevailed, the status quo should not be changed to the detriment of the Austrian monarchy. When, however, the
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Prime Minister Gyula Andrássy Influence on Habsburg Foreign Policy: During the Franco-German War of 1870-1871
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in 1878 he was the principal Austrian plenipotentiary, and directed his efforts to diminish the gains of
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Burns, Charles Kellar Jr. "The Balkan Policy of Count Gyula Andrássy" (PhD dissertation, Rice U. 1980)
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River. In 1846, he attracted attention by publishing highly critical articles of the government in
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and France gave a general assent, and the Andrássy Note was adopted as the basis of negotiations.
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Bismarck und Andrássy: Ungarn in der Deutschen Machtpolitik in der 2. Halfte des 19. Jahrhunderts
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traditions. But its loss of influence in Italy and Germany, and the consequent formation of the
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Armour, Ian D. "Apple of Discord: Austria-Hungary, Serbia and the Bosnian Question 1867-71."
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Wank, Solomon. "Foreign Policy and the Nationality Problem in Austria-Hungary, 1867–1914."
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404:. His date and place of birth, however, are somewhat disputed. According to registry of
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by the revolutionary government. He was seeking to obtain the neutrality of the
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1811:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 967–968.
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352:(8 March 1823 – 18 February 1890) was a Hungarian statesman, who served as
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From Sadowa to Sarajevo: the foreign policy of Austria-Hungary, 1866-1914
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Many rumors suggest that Count Andrássy had a long lasting romance with
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1554:"Ministerium des kaiserlichen und königlichen Hauses und des Aeussern"
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and the Porte, Andrássy arranged with the Russian court that, in case
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479:'s adjutant (1848). Toward the end of the war, Andrássy was sent to
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Andrássy (in blue uniform centre) at the Congress of Berlin, 1878
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie
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715:, Andrássy also obtained the right to station garrisons in the
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Members of the House of Representatives of Hungary (1865–1869)
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of his county, and served with distinction at the battles of
654:; the abolition of the system of farming the taxes; and, in
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of Austria-Hungary. Some rumored that Sisi's fourth child,
487:, if not their support, during the struggle with Croatia.
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Members of the House of Representatives of Hungary (1861)
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war and foreign affairs. It was he who reorganized the
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He was elected as one of the Radical candidates to the
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Count Gyula Andrássy de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka
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Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
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gróf csíkszentkirályi és krasznahorkai Andrássy Gyula
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Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)
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Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg
1296:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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occupation and administration of Bosnia-Herzegovina
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3277:Recipients of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st class
883:He received the following orders and decorations:
850:Elisabeth, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary
589:, where the process of the crystallization of the
408:, Andrássy was baptised in the city then known as
3222:Lord-lieutenants of a county in Hungarian Kingdom
1855:Menczer, Béla. "Count Julius Andrazzy, 1823-90,"
1668:(in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1877, p.
1625:Hof- und – Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern
1610:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden
3262:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
1702:Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1873)
3272:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
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1640:Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1887).
609:Andrássy in conversation with German Emperor
30:For the article on Gyula Andrássy's son, see
8:
3242:Members of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
2062:Joint Minister of Finance of Austria-Hungary
2031:Joint Minister of Finance of Austria-Hungary
1935:. Vol. 30 (12th ed.). p. 138.
1847:European Alliances and Alignments: 1871-1890
1050:: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
98:17 February 1867 – 14 November 1871
1098:: Order of the August Portrait, in Diamonds
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1717:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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852:, also known as Sisi, the wife of Emperor
154:14 November 1871 – 8 October 1879
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2004:Joint Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary
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1356:Learn how and when to remove this message
646:promises of reform, embodied in various
86:Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Hungary
3252:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
1890:edited by Béla Léderer (Budapest, 1891)
1864:The reign of the Emperor Fransis Joseph
1838:Diószegi, István; Friedrich, Albrecht.
1762:Bismarck, Andrássy and their successors
1646:. Unione tipografico-editrice. p.
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838:(born 30 June 1860), and one daughter,
734:On 10 October 1878 the French diplomat
1710:
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1643:Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia
817:Statue of Gyula Andrássy, next to the
196:17 April 1861 – 22 April 1869
184:Member of the House of Representatives
830:in Paris in 1856. They had two sons,
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3197:Foreign ministers of Austria-Hungary
3192:Finance ministers of Austria-Hungary
1704:(in German), Dresden, 1873, p.
1471:
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1294:adding citations to reliable sources
1239:Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown
858:Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria
738:described the situation as follows:
546:. The obvious first choice had been
3257:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
1066:Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
902:Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian
673:When war became inevitable between
523:Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867
1536:"Obituary: Prince Paul Odescalchi"
1116:Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword
66:de Csíkszentkirály et Krasznahorka
25:
1772:Slavonic and East European Review
1666:Königlich Preussische Ordensliste
1048:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
635:, the Austrian ambassador to the
2674:indicates interim officeholders.
1919:, by Manó Kónyi (Budapest, 1891)
1915:Recollections of Count Andrássy
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1612:(1888), "Großherzogliche Orden"
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177:Baron Heinrich Karl von Haymerle
2715:Ministers of Defence of Hungary
1926:"Andrassy, Julius, Count"
1923:von Wertheimer, Eduard (1922).
1281:needs additional citations for
550:, one of the architects of the
165:Count Friedrich Ferdinand Beust
27:Hungarian statesman (1823–1890)
3227:Diplomats from Austria-Hungary
1912:, Évfolyam 14 (Budapest, 1891)
1753:The Origins of the War of 1914
1734:(1889), "Königliche Orden" p.
1164:Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky
867:and Ilona war widow of Prince
412:on 3 March 1823. The son of a
1:
1997:Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust
1774:87#4 2009, pp. 629–680.
819:Hungarian Parliament Building
3207:Defence ministers of Hungary
3167:People from Rožňava District
1627:(1886), "Königliche Orden".
760:Gyula Andrássy (painting by
51:when mentioning individuals.
1012:Grand Cross of the Redeemer
913:Knight of the Golden Fleece
3293:
3202:Prime ministers of Hungary
2115:Prime ministers of Hungary
2014:Heinrich Karl von Haymerle
1672:– via hathitrust.org
1427:May, 1951; pp. 32–36.
1031:Knight of the Annunciation
826:Andrássy married countess
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32:Gyula Andrássy the Younger
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1874:Austrian History Yearbook
1755:, Oxford University Press
1751:Albertini, Luigi (1952),
1698:"Königliche Ritter-orden"
1169:Knight of the White Eagle
1132:Knight of the Black Eagle
598:or the Habsburg emperor.
490:After the catastrophe of
354:Prime Minister of Hungary
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1859:(1969) 19#12 pp 823–831.
1842:(1999), 512pp. in German
1180:Knight of St. Stanislaus
834:(born 10 July 1857) and
47:. This article uses
39:The native form of this
1932:Encyclopædia Britannica
1808:Encyclopædia Britannica
1662:"Schwarzer Adler-orden"
1202:Knight of the Rue Crown
1085:, 1st Class in Diamonds
936:House Order of Fidelity
776:where he died (between
565:On the outbreak of the
3237:19th-century diplomats
3187:Deák Party politicians
3182:Hungarians in Slovakia
978:: Grand Cordon of the
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660:Bosnia and Herzegovina
656:Bosnia and Herzegovina
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455:When the Croats under
434:Count István Széchenyi
430:
429:Gyula Andrássy in 1848
2055:Ludwig von Holzgethan
2045:Ludwig von Holzgethan
1815:Bridge, Francis Roy.
1766:online to borrow free
1083:Order of the Medjidie
994:: Grand Cross of the
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706:Marquess of Salisbury
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683:Treaty of San Stefano
608:
428:
3232:Hungarian Freemasons
1886:Andrássy's Speeches
1290:improve this article
1155:Knight of St. Andrew
959:Knight of St. Hubert
904:Order of St. Stephen
717:Sanjak of Novi Pazar
539:Emperor Franz Joseph
531:Battle of Königgrätz
3136:Szalay-Bobrovniczky
3088:Republic of Hungary
2387:Kingdom (1920–1946)
2188:Kingdom (1867–1918)
1985:Minister of Defence
1845:Langer, William L.
1795:Bain, Robert Nisbet
1560:, 1878, p. 199
1540:The Daily Telegraph
1439:, pp. 967–968.
711:In addition to the
637:Court of St James's
622:The "Andrássy Note"
567:Franco-Prussian War
535:Austro-Prussian War
2757:Kingdom of Hungary
2724:Revolution of 1848
2364:Republic (1919–20)
2351:Pattantyús-Ábrahám
2151:Revolution of 1848
1943:Political offices
1910:Akadémiai Értesítő
1876:3.3 (1967): 37–56.
1764:(1927) by his son
1174:Knight of St. Anna
871:, remarried Count
766:
698:Congress of Berlin
694:
652:Christian religion
615:
459:attempted to have
431:
402:Kingdom of Hungary
237:Kingdom of Hungary
49:Western name order
3177:Counts of Hungary
3144:
3143:
3030:Communist Hungary
2983:Transition period
2844:Transition period
2681:
2680:
2531:People's Republic
2448:Keresztes-Fischer
2436:Keresztes-Fischer
2131:By length of term
2082:
2081:
2073:Succeeded by
2067:
2042:Succeeded by
2036:
2011:Succeeded by
1965:Succeeded by
1862:Tschuppik, Karl.
1760:Andrássy, Gyula.
1585:, 1889, pp.
1525:, pp. 33–34.
1366:
1365:
1358:
1340:
1136:10 September 1872
770:House of Magnates
736:Melchior de Vogüé
498:to death and was
384:, he was born in
376:The son of Count
347:
346:
16:(Redirected from
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2108:
2101:
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2085:
2065:
2052:Preceded by
2034:
2021:Preceded by
1994:Preceded by
1975:Preceded by
1951:Bertalan Szemere
1948:Preceded by
1940:
1936:
1928:
1918:
1907:
1901:(Budapest, 1891)
1896:
1889:
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1799:Andrássy, Julius
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2024:Menyhért Lónyay
2016:
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1968:Menyhért Lónyay
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784:in present-day
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544:Austria-Hungary
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1888:(in Hungarian)
1882:
1881:External links
1879:
1878:
1877:
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1853:
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1831:Decsy, János.
1829:
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1474:, p. 968.
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1978:Lajos Aulich
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1283:verification
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529:In the 1866
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477:Artúr Görgei
454:
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375:
349:
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261:(1890-02-18)
230:3 March 1823
201:Constituency
191:
172:Succeeded by
149:
126:Succeeded by
93:
44:
36:
3162:1890 deaths
3157:1823 births
2342:opposed by
1384:(in Slovak)
1235:Württemberg
1182:, 1st Class
1176:, 1st Class
1062:Netherlands
633:Count Beust
548:Ferenc Deák
516:Ferenc Deák
496:in absentia
438:Upper Tisza
282:Nationality
160:Preceded by
114:Preceded by
3151:Categories
2800:Kolossváry
2717:since 1848
2410:G. Károlyi
2344:G. Károlyi
2309:M. Károlyi
2039:1871–1872
2008:1871–1879
1989:1867–1871
1962:1867–1871
1745:References
1346:April 2013
1316:newspapers
752:Later life
583:Dual State
579:Holy Roman
552:Compromise
518:'s party.
296:Deák Party
226:1823-03-03
3010:A. Bartha
2964:K. Bartha
2901:Friedrich
2896:Schnetzer
2861:Festetics
2856:A. Bartha
2795:Fejérváry
2732:Batthyány
2649:Gyurcsány
2644:Medgyessy
2372:Friedrich
2281:Esterházy
2256:Fejérváry
2216:Wenckheim
2159:Batthyány
2136:Graphical
1797:(1911). "
1542:. London.
1472:Bain 1911
1437:Bain 1911
1416:Bain 1911
611:Wilhelm I
587:Near East
473:Schwechat
461:Međimurje
452:of 1848.
386:Oláhpatak
372:Biography
332:Signature
286:Hungarian
265:Volosca,
233:Oláhpatak
192:In office
150:In office
94:In office
3126:Simicskó
3116:Szekeres
3106:J. Szabó
2949:Somkuthy
2929:Belitska
2890:Belitska
2880:Z. Szabó
2871:Haubrich
2765:Andrássy
2737:Mészáros
2442:Bárdossy
2314:Berinkey
2276:I. Tisza
2251:I. Tisza
2221:K. Tisza
2196:Andrássy
1819:(2002).
1757:, vol. I
1713:citation
1678:citation
1596:18 March
1564:18 March
1382:Štandard
1250:See also
1111:Portugal
764:in 1884)
398:Slovakia
390:Vlachovo
312:Children
249:Slovakia
245:Vlachovo
3078:Kárpáti
3068:Czinege
3058:Münnich
3053:Maléter
3015:Dinnyés
3005:F. Nagy
2990:Beregfy
2969:V. Nagy
2911:Regency
2835:Szurmay
2820:Wekerle
2672:Italics
2569:Münnich
2559:I. Nagy
2554:Hegedüs
2549:I. Nagy
2516:Dinnyés
2504:F. Nagy
2469:Szálasi
2464:Lakatos
2459:Sztójay
2420:Darányi
2405:Bethlen
2286:Wekerle
2261:Wekerle
2231:Wekerle
2226:Szapáry
2178:Szemere
2173:Kossuth
2141:Records
1908:in the
1904:Eulogy
1893:Memoir
1866:(1930)
1805:(ed.).
1792::
1388:8 March
1330:scholar
1128:Prussia
976:Belgium
954:Bavaria
879:Honours
832:Tivadar
786:Croatia
782:Opatija
774:Volosko
696:At the
668:Britain
648:firmans
644:Ottoman
512:amnesty
492:Világos
414:liberal
316:Tivadar
275:Croatia
271:Volosko
269:(today
243:(today
103:Monarch
3111:Juhász
3101:Keleti
3063:Révész
3038:Farkas
3000:Tombor
2974:Csatay
2939:Gömbös
2924:Sréter
2885:Horthy
2851:Linder
2780:Szende
2775:Szlávy
2770:Lónyay
2747:Aulich
2742:Görgei
2654:Bajnai
2629:Boross
2624:Antall
2618:Németh
2599:Németh
2579:Kállai
2544:Rákosi
2510:Rákosi
2498:Rákosi
2474:Miklós
2454:Kállay
2430:Teleki
2425:Imrédy
2415:Gömbös
2400:Teleki
2377:Huszár
2332:Garbai
2271:Lukács
2236:Bánffy
2206:Szlávy
2201:Lónyay
2166:Récsey
2066:Acting
2035:Acting
1868:online
1851:online
1827:online
1821:online
1801:". In
1786:
1776:online
1332:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1303:
1232:
1197:Saxony
1194:
1146:
1108:
1096:Persia
1076:
1059:
1045:
1023:
1008:Greece
992:France
973:
951:
929:
894:
796:Family
778:Rijeka
702:Russia
679:Russia
675:Russia
628:Bosnia
613:, 1872
591:Balkan
560:Honvéd
504:effigy
500:hanged
469:Pákozd
465:gentry
421:Career
406:Košice
366:Turkey
302:Spouse
3131:Benkő
3121:Hende
3048:Janza
3020:Veres
2995:Vörös
2954:Rőder
2944:Kozma
2934:Csáky
2830:Hazai
2810:Bihar
2805:Nyiri
2790:Orczy
2785:Ráday
2659:Orbán
2639:Orbán
2594:Grósz
2589:Lázár
2574:Kádár
2564:Kádár
2479:Tildy
2337:Peidl
2291:Hadik
2241:Széll
2211:Bittó
2070:1876
1629:p. 11
1614:p. 63
1337:JSTOR
1323:books
1262:Notes
1026:Italy
932:Baden
840:Ilona
836:Gyula
572:Beust
475:, as
410:Kassa
326:Gyula
323:Manó
320:Ilona
59:Count
3073:Oláh
3043:Bata
2959:Rátz
2919:Soós
2876:Böhm
2866:Böhm
2634:Horn
2584:Fock
2539:Dobi
2521:Dobi
2126:List
1719:link
1684:link
1598:2021
1566:2021
1390:2023
1309:news
1243:1874
1218:Siam
1206:1872
1159:1874
963:1873
940:1873
917:1877
908:1867
780:and
596:tsar
471:and
450:Diet
380:and
256:Died
220:Born
3096:Für
2815:Pap
1897:by
1292:by
502:in
400:),
360:of
140:of
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