222:. Because of the nature of her work and the numerous Chinese artifacts which adorned her home, it was often rumored that she participated in smuggling and took a percentage of the earnings of her clients' gains. A former judge who often worked with Adolfs wrote in 1972 that "She was certainly a major criminal lawyer and the best I met during my long career of almost half a century".
218:
Though she argued cases on family, inheritance, or real estate law, her specialty was criminal law. She defended some of the most notorious criminals in the port city and had many
Chinese clients. Newspapers reported that the two lawyers who made a name for themselves at the time litigating on behalf of Chinese businessmen were Adolfs and
288:
in the name of her mother and her own daughter, Madeleine
Vervoort. It was the largest single bequest left to a Dutch university by a private citizen. The scholarship fund named after Adolfs is a research grant for the law faculty, while the fund named after Vervoort is a travel grant, in recognition
217:
operated by Sytze
Jaarsma. Five months later Adolfs and Jaarsma married and they would subsequently have three daughters. Jaarsma preferred the study of law and his casework often centered on the fundamental rights of Europeans in the colony. Adolfs on the other hand preferred the practice of law.
33:
152:
she became prominent, investing her earnings in rental properties. When
Indonesia gained independence, her properties were nationalized and she eventually moved to Monaco. A scholarship bearing her name is presented by the
261:, Adolfs' properties were nationalized. Long after other Dutch citizens had left Java, and even after her husband's death in 1959, Adolfs remained in Surabaya filing mostly unsuccessful claims to restore her property.
148:. She studied at Leiden University in the Netherlands and began to practice in 1927 in Surabaya where she gained a reputation for practicing criminal law. Acting as an attorney for Chinese clients and
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In 1961, Adolfs finally left
Indonesia and reunited with her daughters in the Netherlands. She died on 16 November 1975 in Amsterdam and was buried in the
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284:. In 2015, when Adolfs' last surviving daughter, Trudie Vervoort-Jaarsma died, she bequeathed €4 million of the combined family capital to the
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533:. Vol. 44, no. 1. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Alumni Association of the University of Amsterdam. pp. 12–14
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Adolfs returned to Java, as the first woman lawyer of the colony. In March 1927, she joined the law firm in
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144:(24 September 1899 – 16 November 1975) was the first woman of Indo-European descent to practice law in the
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740:(in Dutch). Vol. 3, no. 41. Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. 21 February 1948. p. 4. column 1
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and was known for his skill as an amateur painter, photographer and musician. Her mother's family, of
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and Adolfs and
Jaarsma sent their daughters to safety to attend school in the Netherlands. When the
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to Henriëtte (née Donkel) and
Cornelis Gerardus Adolfs, as one of eight children. Her older brother
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692:
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648:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Erfgoed Leiden en Omstreken. 24 January 1899. p. 25. Archived from
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233:. Using the profits from her work, she invested in rental properties, amassing 110 units prior to
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249:. After the Japanese withdrew, the family home was in the center of intense fighting during the
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205:, and completed her doctoral examination to practice law in the Dutch East Indies in 1926.
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in the
Supreme Court of Justice of Surabaya and had an established record as a lawyer for
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hoping they could help her to continue her education. With their help, she enrolled in
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718:(in Dutch). Vol. 140. Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. 28 February 1940. p. 4
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628:(in Dutch). Vol. 32494. Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 16 August 1927. p. 6
527:"Geschiedenis van Drie Generaties Vrouwen Leidt Tot Nalatenschap van Vier Miljoen"
606:(in Dutch). Vol. 272. Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. 10 August 1932. p. 3
529:[History of Three Generations of Women Leads to Legacy of Four Million].
289:
that attaining an education often requires collecting data in various locations.
696:(in Dutch). Vol. 162. Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. 28 March 1927. p. 5
674:(in Dutch). Vol. 157. Surabaya, Dutch East Indies. 20 March 1939. p. 4
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177:, known as "Ger" would become a renowned painter. Her father, a native of
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Borntraeger-Stoll, Eveline; Orsini, Gianni (2008). Jansen, Frans (ed.).
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245:, the family were imprisoned for three and a half years in various
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550:[Who Was the Woman Who Left UvA East Indian Capital?].
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Gerard Pieter Adolfs: 1898–1968: The
Painter of Java and Bali
732:"(untitled, text begins: Bij expiloit van den deurwaarder)"
548:"Wie was de vrouw die de UvA een Indisch kapitaal naliet?"
193:. After completing her primary and secondary education in
510:. Wijk en Aalburg, The Netherlands: Pictures Publishers.
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712:[From the Country Court: In the waiting room].
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556:(in Dutch). Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Archived from
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Julia Henriëtte Adolfs was born on 24 January 1899 in
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Julia
Jaarsma-Adolfs, Julia Henriëtte Jaarsma-Adolfs
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574:"Begraafplaats Westerveld Duin en Kruidbergerweg"
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642:"Population Register: Julia Henriëtte Adolfs"
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239:Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies
225:By the early 1930s, Adolfs also served as a
197:, Adolfs wrote to distant relatives in the
124:first woman lawyer in the Dutch East Indies
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20:
181:, was tall and blond. He had a degree in
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349:
809:Indonesian emigrants to the Netherlands
734:[Exploitation of the bailiff].
710:"Van Het Landgerecht: In de wachtkamer"
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157:as a research grant for law students.
834:20th-century Indonesian women lawyers
829:20th-century Dutch East Indies people
668:[Pro-Deo: Executorial Sale].
584:from the original on 1 September 2019
7:
622:[Family messages: Married].
580:(in Dutch). The Netherlands. 2005.
313:Borntraeger-Stoll & Orsini 2008
824:Indonesian people of Dutch descent
14:
794:Dutch people of Javanese descent
849:20th-century Indonesian lawyers
666:"Pro-Deo: Executoriale Verkoop"
546:Wiegman, Marcel (7 June 2016).
525:Goutbeek, Albert (July 2016).
255:Indonesian National Revolution
1:
690:[Surabaya's Lawyer].
478:Begraafplaats Westerveld 2005
16:Indonesian lawyer (1899–1975)
620:"Familieberichten: Getrouwd"
600:[Executorial Sale].
865:
819:20th-century women lawyers
814:20th-century Dutch lawyers
257:ended in independence for
844:20th-century Dutch people
578:online-begraafplaatsen.nl
30:
839:20th-century Dutch women
789:Indonesian women lawyers
779:Leiden University alumni
325:Population Register 1899
286:University of Amsterdam
235:Indonesian Independence
191:livestock breeding farm
155:University of Amsterdam
688:"Soerabaia's Advocate"
598:"Executoriale Verkoop"
44:Julia Henriëtte Adolfs
265:Later life and legacy
774:People from Semarang
625:Algemeen Handelsblad
383:Algemeen Handelsblad
133:Gerard Pieter Adolfs
784:Dutch women lawyers
715:De Indische Courant
693:De Indische Courant
671:De Indische Courant
652:on 1 September 2019
603:De Indische Courant
560:on 1 September 2019
461:De Indische Courant
431:De Indische Courant
416:De Indische Courant
368:De Indische Courant
271:Westerveld Cemetery
189:ancestry, owned a
517:978-90-73187-62-7
231:Royal Dutch Shell
227:public prosecutor
203:Leiden University
171:Dutch East Indies
150:Royal Dutch Shell
146:Dutch East Indies
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113:Years active
83:, The Netherlands
64:, The Netherlands
62:Dutch East Indies
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73:16 November 1975
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742:. Retrieved
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650:the original
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630:. Retrieved
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558:the original
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535:. Retrieved
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507:
499:Bibliography
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465:, p. 5.
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448:Wiegman 2016
435:, p. 4.
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183:architecture
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142:Julia Adolfs
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75:(1975-11-16)
25:Julia Adolfs
18:
799:Indo people
769:1975 deaths
764:1899 births
744:2 September
722:2 September
700:1 September
678:2 September
656:1 September
646:openarch.nl
632:1 September
610:2 September
588:2 September
564:2 September
537:1 September
274: [
241:during the
199:Netherlands
89:Nationality
758:Categories
553:Het Parool
293:References
161:Early life
105:Occupation
50:1899-01-24
298:Citations
259:Indonesia
179:Amsterdam
135:(brother)
129:Relatives
116:1927–1961
81:Amsterdam
582:Archived
282:Driehuis
215:Surabaya
187:Javanese
167:Semarang
58:Semarang
251:Bersiap
514:
209:Career
175:Gerard
108:lawyer
278:]
92:Dutch
746:2019
724:2019
702:2019
680:2019
658:2019
634:2019
612:2019
590:2019
566:2019
539:2019
531:Spui
512:ISBN
463:1940
433:1939
418:1932
400:1948
385:1927
370:1927
195:Java
70:Died
40:Born
280:in
760::
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276:nl
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48:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
