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However, Prussian authorities had decided to change their policy regarding publishing, considering it reactionary. The new press law introduced high cash deposits, forcing Prejs to stop publishing "Biedaczek" on 29 June 1850. In August 1850, he was even denied permission to run his printing house.
310:, aiming to defend Polish interests by legal means. "Biedaczek" was the first periodical in the entire Pomerania aiming to shape the national consciousness of the local peasantry, the petty bourgeoisie and the commoners alike. It also touched upon the specific topics of Kashubia and
225:
The
Prussian authorities, aware of his political inclinations, prevented him from taking the state examination, hence barring him the access to teaching positions. From this juncture, Prejs then devoted entirely his activity to educational work among the common people.
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gave the farewell speech. Julian Prejs devoted his entire life to preserve the Polish language at a time when the
Prussian state and the German language was prevailing. He always strived to have his works accessible for simple audience in a very accessible way.
367:
At the turn of 1849, Julian Prejs applied to the city council of Chełmża with a request to grant permission to establish a printing house. With the municipal approval, he moved to Chełmża, where he founded the "Drukarnię Polsko- Ludową Juliana Prejsa w Chełmży"
317:
In 1850, facing more and more difficulties raised from the
Prussian authorities, Julian had to liquidate his enterprise. He tried to fight back by publishing, on 1 April 1849, another separate magazine for women, "Siostrzanka"
418:
Soon he got contacts in
Bydgoszcz, where from October 1860 to March 1861, he published 5 issues of the calendar magazine "Wszechbrat Bracki, pismo dla bractw i stowarzyszeń kościelnych a szczególnie Bractw Trzeźwości świętej"
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Once settled up, Prejs intended also to set up a Polish bookshop rental in the city, as well as publishing other magazines: a humorous weekly in German, a magazine for rural farmers and a women's magazine.
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Involved in an underground operation, Julian was threatened to be arrested and had to return to Chełmno at the beginning of 1847. He shared these experiences in his poem "Dola Śmiertelnika" (
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He seldom took care of himself, spending the end of his life in poverty and in almost complete oblivion. In 1902, when Julian fell into extreme dire, appeals appeared in Poznań and
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430:) was published from 1861 to 1877, thanks to his links with a Toruń-based printer, Ernest Lambeck. This journal had a great importance for the local development of education.
222:), published in the journal "Przyjaciel Ludu" (issue Nr.3, 1847): there, he expressed his doubts about the effectiveness of the armed insurrection against occupying forces.
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At the same period, from
October 1848 to June 1850, he edited and published in Toruń is own journal entitled "Biedaczek, czyli Mały i Tani Tygodnik dla Biednego Ludu" (
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671:. It was organized by Aleksandra Poeplau (great-great-great-granddaughter of the journalist), Polish scouts and members of the "Society of Bydgoszcz city lovers".
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In 1855, he lived in Chełmno, maintaining contacts with August
Schneider's publishing house in Toruń and probably anonymously with Chełmno's journal
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For the 200th anniversary of Julian Prejs birth, a celebration took place in
February 2020, on his tombstone, in the house at 2 Terasy and at the
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before shifting to a Polish-owned printing house in April 1849. The latter was founded by Prejs with the help of some landowners, priests and the
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516:
Apart from his writing activity, he actively participated in the Polish social life of
Bydgoszcz denizens. On 27 October 1872, together with
475:, "Kujawiak". The journal folded three months after its beginnings and Julian Prejs returned to Bydgoszcz where he remained until his death.
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Furthermore, on 3 March 1883, Prejs co-founded
Bydgoszcz choir "Halka". He was a member of the supervisory board of the "Bank Ludowy".
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268:) but resigned from publishing it, due to the substantial stamp costs. From July 1848 on, he collaborated with the "Szkoła Narodowa" (
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294:. This periodical was pivotal in awakening Polish national awareness in Pomerania. "Biedaczek" was initially printed by a German
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151:, was a Polish teacher, folk writer, national activist, journalist and publisher, often called the "Father of the folk press in
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He started to receive private home lessons - including Latin taught by a
Franciscan friar. He then attended the City School in
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He kept editing the "Sjerp-Polaczka Kalendarz Katolicko-Polski" while taking different jobs to get a basic income, such as
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421:""Wszechbrat Bracki, a magazine for church fraternities and associations, especially the Fraternities of Holy Sobriety"
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211:. He did not complete his studies and moved again to Congress Poland land in 1844. In 1845, he found a position of
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However, he never let writing aside. In 1884, he came under critics from Poznań periodic "Goniec Wielkopolski" and
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Pamiętnik Towarzystwa Przemysłowego w Bydgoszczy : Sprawozdanie z 50 cio-letniej czynności 1872–1922
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505:'s brotherhoods. Julian rarely got paid for his work, calling himself jokingly "The Generous Thomas" (
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1078:. Bydgoszcz: Kujawsko-Pomorskie Towarzystwo Kulturalne Wojewódzki Ośrodek Kultury. pp. 115–116.
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He collaborated with Stanisław Tomaszewski, a printer and publisher of newspapers "Straż Polska" (
264:. In the mid-1848, he published the brochure of a popular political magazine entitled "Ludownik" (
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917:"Czy na zmęczone nogi dobra jest kąpiel w... alkoholu? Najciekawsze porady ze starych kalendarzy"
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Prejs died on 2 July 1904, at the age of 84. He was buried in Bydgoszcz Starofarny Cemetery.
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has been unveiled in 1962, placed on the wall of his house in Bydgoszcz at 2 Terasy street.
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from his family name: his articles advocated equality for all people, social solidarity and
810:. Chełmza: Pismo wydawane w bibliotece póświęcone sprawom miejskim i kulturalno-oświatowym.
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The building, left abandoned in the late 1990s, was entirely renovated at the end of 2013.
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in the nearby lakes. He lived in extreme poverty and was barely able to feed his family.
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Another periodic had a longer history: "Sjerp-Polaczka Kalendarz Katolicko-Polski" (
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1042:"Ubrdał sobie Bydgoszcz. W czasie zaborów krzewił polskość i niósł kaganek oświaty"
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528:), bringing together local notables, craftsmen, workers and small industrialists.
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Since September 2015, the journalist's former home houses the local seat of the
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840:. Chełmza: Powiatowa i Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna im. J. Prejsa w Chełmży.
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The funerals were attended by councilors from various parts of the country:
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372:). This plant was then used from 3 October 1849, to publish "Biedaczek".
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782:. Bydgoszcz: Towarzystwo Miłośników Miasta Bydgoszczy. pp. 247–250.
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Prejs boarding house (nonexistent today), on the left of the gate. 1914
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He lived in Bydgoszcz for almost 40 years. He loved this town and its
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Nothing is known with certainty about Julian's activities during the
329:"Śpiewnik polski, czyli zbiór pieśni, śpiewów i śpiewek narodowych" (
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497:), also printed by Tomaszewski. He compiled as well the history of
975:. Bydgoszcz: Towarzystwo Miłośników Miasta Bydgoszczy. p. 99.
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288:"The poor man, or the Small and Cheap Weekly for the Poor People."
960:. Bydgoszcz: Drukarnia dla Handlu i Przemysłu. pp. 4, 6, 7.
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Julian Prejs ojciec ludowej prasy pomorskiej. Kalendarz Bydgoski
234:
Julian Prejs published his first literary works in 1845–1847 in
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Błażejewski, Stanisław; Kutta, Janusz; Romaniuk, Marek (1996).
331:"Polish Songbook, or a collection of national songs and chants"
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gymnasium from October 1835. In the summer of 1840, he went to
1125:"Catholic Polish cheap gift for the people and school youth"
352:"Doktor Marcinek, miraculous doctor, miracle worker doctor"
345:`"Love of the motherland and wickedness – a People's novel"
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Teacher, writer, journalist, publisher, national activist
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Sto lat temu zaczęła śpiewać "Halka". Kalendarz Bydgoski
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Julian Prejs tombstone, at Bydgoszcz Starofarny cemetery
370:"Julian Prejs Polish-People's Printing House in Chełmża"
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leadership, while his poems aroused patriotic feelings.
1100:. Kraków: Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza. p. 546.
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He published additionally separate writings, such as:
322:), which did not find its audience and soon collapsed.
350:"Doktor Marcinek, doktor cudowny, doktor cudotwórca" (
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943:. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika.
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writer. In reaction, he started a folk newspaper in
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590:Julian Prejs was married to Karolina, née Gollnik.
343:"Miłość ojczyzny i nikczemność – Powieść Ludowa" (
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260:He had an important literary activity during the
553:newspapers to rescue the elderly, dying writer.
452:Julian Prejs house at 2 Terasy street, Bydgoszcz
407:. From 1855 to 1865, Prejs started to operate a
44:Carving of Julian Walenty Prejs, Chełmża Library
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930:
290:). From 1849 on, it was as well distributed in
275:He then used a pseudonym, "Sjerp-Polaczka", an
195:territory. In 1842, Julian was admitted to the
1015:"Na sprawie narodowej majątku się nie dorobił"
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600:Prejs Commemorative Plaque at 2 Terasy street
302:, an organization founded on 25 June 1848 in
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445:Julian Prejs settled in Bydgoszcz in 1865.
1593:Burials in Starofarny cemetery in Bydgoszcz
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915:Błażejewski, Krzysztof (20 January 2019).
593:They had two sons: Franciszek and Wiktor.
411:in Chełmno, for the students of the local
336:"Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła, Pieśń nowa" (
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609:Two streets have been named after Prejs:
428:"Sjerp-Polaczka Catholic-Polish Calendar"
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650:funded by the Pomeranian Branch of the
338:"Poland Has Not Yet Perished, New Song"
168:Julian was born on 13 February 1820 in
1076:Bydgoski Słownik Biograficzny. Tom III
522:Towarzystwo Przemysłowego w Bydgoszczy
837:Słownik biograficzny Chełmży i okolic
7:
1613:Writers from the Kingdom of Prussia
807:Znani i nieznani. Patron biblioteki
637:"Society of Bydgoszcz city lovers"
624:Julian Prejs is the patron of the
620:in the Na Skarpie district, Toruń.
238:'s periodical "Kościół i Szkoła" (
14:
1192:Bydgoszcz Architects (1850-1970s)
888:merle&michał (3 March 2021).
721:), published under his pseudonym
652:Association of Polish Journalists
205:Towarzystwo Literacko-Słowiańskie
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992:opuszczonebydgoszcz.blogspot.com
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526:Industrial Society in Bydgoszcz'
102:Starofarny Cemetery in Bydgoszcz
689:Julian Prejs Library in Chełmża
1354:Teodor and Franciszek Gajewski
954:Komytet jubileuszowy. (1922).
1:
1527:Maria Znamierowska-Prüfferowa
1476:Józef Napoleon Hutten-Czapski
940:Toruński Słownik Biograficzny
804:Chmielewska, Justyna (2013).
632:, located at 4 Rynek street.
16:Polish journalist (1820–1904)
1257:Blumwes' family in Bydgoszcz
937:Mikulski, Krzysztof (2004).
1098:DZIEŁA WSZYSTKIE, Pomorze..
662:Polish Scouting Association
398:"A resident of the Vistula"
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1282:Peterson family, Bydgoszcz
1267:Franke family in Bydgoszcz
986:krajan (10 October 2015).
971:Grudziński, Artur (1984).
778:Kulpiński, Henryk (1994).
538:he nick-named "ubrdany", (
1359:Stanisław Horno-Popławski
1233:
923:. Polska Press Sp. Z.o.o.
628:and municipal library of
37:
30:
1500:Other domains or origins
1040:was (15 February 2020).
1013:wal (13 February 2013).
834:Meller, Dariusz (2013).
719:"The triumph of Heroism"
586:Personal life and family
306:by Polish envoys to the
220:"The fate of the mortal"
31:
1313:Adam Grzymała-Siedlecki
1096:Kolberg, Oskar (1965).
921:plus.expressbydgoski.pl
861:JGC (25 October 2004).
354:) (1850), dedicated to
272:), printed in Chełmno.
1608:Writers from Bydgoszcz
1454:Politicians, activists
1277:Kopp family, Bydgoszcz
896:. Chełmża Urząd Miasta
717:"Tryumf Bohaterstwa" (
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495:"The Inowrocław Torch"
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248:"Friend of the People"
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1389:Maximilian Piotrowski
1262:Franz von Brenkenhoff
1019:bydgoszcz.wyborcza.pl
994:. opuszczonebydgoszcz
752:List of Polish people
635:At the initiative of
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262:Springtime of Nations
197:University of Wrocław
1301:Journalists, writers
1252:Lewin Louis Aronsohn
890:"History of Chełmża"
648:commemorative plaque
134:Julian Walenty Prejs
32:Julian Walenty Prejs
1466:Antoni Chołoniewski
1328:Stefania Tuchołkowa
1287:Stanisław Rolbieski
570:, the publisher of
540:"imagine, dream up"
520:, they created the
308:Prussian parliament
240:"Church and School"
176:, then part of the
1364:Bronisław Kłobucki
1292:Antoni Weynerowski
1141:"Biedaczek" Part 2
1133:"Biedaczek" Part 1
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572:Gazeta Grudziądzka
482:) (1891–1894) and
465:Hieronim Derdowski
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356:Karol Marcinkowski
178:Kingdom of Prussia
145:Polaczek-Biedaczek
127:Weekly "Biedaczek"
68:Kingdom of Prussia
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1491:Bernard Śliwiński
1486:Teofil Magdziński
1404:Jadwiga Szopieraj
1338:Józef Weyssenhoff
1272:Bronisław Kentzer
1217:Bogdan Raczkowski
747:Teofil Magdziński
518:Teofil Magdziński
511:"Szczodry Tomasz"
484:"Gazeta Bydgoska"
441:Life in Bydgoszcz
270:"National School"
149:Bez kosy Wojaczek
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1598:Polish activists
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1522:Ryszard Markwart
1507:Adam Borzobohaty
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320:"Little sister"
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18:
1588:1904 deaths
1583:1820 births
1202:Rudolf Kern
1138:(in Polish)
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1093:(in Polish)
1071:(in Polish)
640: [
575: [
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251: [
215:in Warsaw.
164:Youth years
79:4 July 1904
1577:Categories
1430:Jan Biziel
1423:Physicians
1185:Architects
1179:personages
1107:8385327320
1085:8385327320
1021:. Agora SA
894:chelmza.pl
758:References
551:Pomeranian
503:Saint Anne
499:Saint Roch
473:Inowrocław
266:"Commoner"
56:1820-02-13
1555:Biography
1323:Jan Teska
1177:Bydgoszcz
737:Bydgoszcz
469:Kashubian
413:gymnasium
347:) (1850);
340:) (1850);
333:) (1849);
242:) and in
159:Biography
153:Pomerania
87:Bydgoszcz
867:ohio.edu
731:See also
187:and the
1541:Portals
1529:(Toruń)
1347:Artists
742:Chełmża
675:Gallery
630:Chełmża
613:in the
501:'s and
458:fishing
312:Masuria
292:Chełmża
277:anagram
209:Wrocław
185:Chełmno
174:Chełmża
1567:Poland
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1052:15 May
1025:15 May
998:15 May
900:15 May
873:14 May
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236:Poznań
201:Polish
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189:Toruń
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