167:
207:, known as the Black Sox Scandal, and soon thereafter using his gains to purchase 88 acres (36 ha) of Juniper Swamp. In the 1920s, he tried to sell the swamp to New York City for use as an airport, but only after first attempting to increase its apparent value by constructing on it a phantom village of 143 homes that were little more than facades. Before Rothstein could unload the swamp, he was murdered in 1928.
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1018:"OLD FARMS QUICKLY TRANSFORMED INTO HOME CENTERS; FARMS GIVE WAY TO QUEENS HOMES Many Old Holdings Have Been Transformed Into Neat Residence Centers NORTH SHORE DEAL CLOSED New Home Groups Completed in Many Sections to Meet Ownership Demand Buys Old Farm Tract FARMS GIVE WAY TO QUEENS HOMES New Home Groups"
407:
In 1977, the parking lots were closed due to excessive noise at night. The lots were removed in the 1990s. Around 1997, funding for a roller hockey rink was allocated for
Juniper Valley Park. Although the rink had been proposed during the early 1990s, there was controversy over where the rink should
310:
In 1939, Sanitation
Commissioner William F. Carey and Health Commissioner Dr. John L. Rice were indicted on charges of violating the New York City Penal and Sanitary Codes, specifically of "unlawfully dumping raw garbage and maintaining a public nuisance" and of "dumping under or on top of water, or
254:
proposed building an airport and civic center in
Juniper Valley, on a 210-acre (85 ha) area bordering Maspeth and Middle Village. The RPA advocated for the site, stating that it was close to the New York Connecting Railroad, and with the addition of mass transit lines on the existing railroad,
242:
to also use the airport; and it was city-owned, while the land in Middle
Village was not. One of the members of Hoover's Fact-Finding Committee objected because Middle Village was located at a higher elevation with less fog, while Barren Island was more frequently foggy during the spring and fall.
289:
suggested a competing proposal that would instead use
Rothstein's land in Juniper Valley as a public park. The original plan was to acquire 84 acres (34 ha) at a cost of $ 475,000 (though the land was appraised at $ 624,375), but in August 1931, a revised plan was submitted that would acquire
691:
302:
purchased 1,500 lots upon which he would develop houses. By 1938, eight developers were proposing to build 1,592 homes at a total cost of $ 8.75 million. The WPA started constructing houses in the area in 1941. To accommodate the new houses, Eliot Avenue was widened and extended to the
798:"NEW CITY AIRPORT ADVISED FOR QUEENS; Regional Plan Suggests Use of 210-Acre Tract Between Maspeth and Middle Village.PROPOSES A CIVIC CENTRE Nine Organizations Approve Site,but Others Oppose It--MassMeeting on Monday. Report Describes Project. Links to Manhattan and Jersey"
176:
In 1822, Thomas Pullis purchased 32 acres (13 ha) of land for farming at the eastern side of the swamp. The family cemetery he established by 1846 on its grounds remains today within
Juniper Valley Park as one of the few surviving farm burial grounds in New York City.
383:
courts, and a sprinkler/wading pool. The 55 acres (22 ha) park's western third was left in its original swampy condition except for some paved walking paths and simple lighting. The park would remain unfinished until 1967, with the addition of two
290:
73.25 acres (29.64 ha) at a cost of $ 418,551.50. New York City acquired
Juniper Swamp at the rate of $ 5,700 per acre as settlement with the Rothstein estate for back taxes, and immediately tagged it for development as a public park. In 1935, the
311:
on land, any refuse in which...offensive and unwholesome material is included." The charges were based on the operation of five city-run "garbage graveyards" in Queens, of which one was located in
Juniper Valley. The others were the
4659:
109:
some 10,000 to 20,000 years ago. Before the 20th century, Juniper Swamp occupied an area bounded roughly by what are now 69th Street, Caldwell Avenue, 80th Street, and
Juniper Valley Road. The post-glacial climate helped form peat
745:
42:, United States. The park is bordered by Juniper Boulevard North on the north, Juniper Boulevard South on the south, Lutheran Avenue on the west, and Dry Harbor Road on the east; it is split into two parts by 80th Street.
1070:"HOUSES SURROUND NEW JUNIPER PARK; Fifteen Residential Projects Under Way on Old-Time Elmhurst Farms 1,592 DWELLINGS PLANNED Stewart Willey Building Firm Proposing to Erect 600 Medium-Cost Houses Assembled Adjoining Land"
856:"REPLIES TO HARVEY ON QUEENS CENTRE; Regional Plan Engineer Says Fact Rothstein Owned Site Endorsed Is Immaterial. COMMUNITIES IN CLASH Harvey Asserts Jamaica Would Add $ 9,000,000 to Cost of Protect for Selfish Ends"
1748:
1044:"QUEENS FARM AREA BOUGHT FOR HOMES; Tract of 1,500 Lots in South Elmhurst Acquired for Low-Cost Houses HELD BY GERMAN FAMILIES Property Bought by Stewart Willey Adjoins the New Juniper Park Old German Farm Center"
243:
However, Barren Island was already flat, so an airport located there would be ready for use in less time than an airport built on the hills of Middle
Village. The Barren Island airport ultimately became the
184:
carved a deep cut through the eastern side of the swamp to create a new railroad route. This drained much of the swamp's water. The railroad has marked the western edge of the park since then.
4739:
1537:
218:, approved the creation of a "Fact-Finding Committee on Suitable Airport Facilities for the New York Metropolitan District". The Hoover committee identified six general locations in the
159:, that subsequently took hold lent its name to the swamp. In what was perhaps the first recreational use of the area, during winter, the swamp's frozen ponds were a popular location for
4654:
1801:
1588:
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279:, further east in central Queens. In response, the RPA stated that the Juniper Valley site had already been identified by the Hoover committee as suitable for an airport.
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78:
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298:(WPA) efforts, ushered in a wave of housing growth in the vicinity that continued through the 1960s. Not long after the park's creation was announced, developer
187:
In the 1920s, the area of the swamp east of the railroad and west of what became the tennis courts was called Metropolitan Heights Fairground and was used as a
1421:"Media Advisories : JUNIPER VALLEY PARK TAKES THE GOLD AT THE RIBBON CUTTING OF BRENNAN TRACK - : New York City Department of Parks & Recreation"
408:
be installed within the park. The roller rink opened in 1999 at a cost of $ 600,000. The baseball fields were renovated, but this soon led to accumulations of
222:
where an airport could be built. The committee recommended Juniper Valley as the first location for an airfield. Its second choice was an existing airstrip on
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approved the purchase of 50 acres (20 ha) for Juniper Valley Park at a cost of $ 250,000. News of the park, coupled with improvements of
328:
4700:
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4603:
1227:"Carey and Rice Indicted for Dumping: Early Trial is Promised; Carey and Rice Surrender; Released Without Bail; Text of Dump Indictments"
1638:
339:. The owners of the Edgemere and Lefferts landfills were also named in the indictment. Carey and Rice, both cabinet members under Mayor
215:
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423:. The old concrete bleachers have been replaced with aluminum seating. The renovation project, costing $ 1,560,000, was funded by
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918:"ROTHSTEIN PROPERTY MAY BECOME PARK; Berry Recommends Purchase of 83 Acres in Queens From Gambler's Estate at 'Bargain' Price"
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The park occupies the central portion of what had been Juniper Swamp, a low-lying area formed by runoff from the melting of
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992:"ROTHSTEIN TRACT TO BE A CITY PARK; Estimate Board Approves Plan to Buy 50 Acres at $ 250,000 by Canceling Back Taxes"
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570:"Historic Structure Report: Floyd Bennett Field ; Gateway National Recreation Area, New Jersey-New York"
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troops cut down most of the trees in the vicinity, and some of the swamp's peat was mined to burn for heat.
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663:"MIDDLE VILLAGE SITE CHOICE FOR AIRPORT; Hoover Committee Selects 300Acre Tract as Best for This District"
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Briefly the swamp was again mined for peat to support road projects of New York City parks commissioner
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chose the Barren Island location because it was already dredged for marine traffic; it was close to
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for horses, dogs, automobiles and motorcycles. The track was .875 miles (1.408 km) in length.
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had completed improvement efforts on the portion of the park east of 76th Street to include eight
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50:
1363:"NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: MIDDLE VILLAGE; At This Field, the Midville Team Is More Like Mudville"
275:, who did not want to build on land owned by Rothstein; Harvey instead preferred a site near
203:, a mobster. Rothstein is widely suspected of significant involvement in the throwing of the
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1187:"Carey and Rice Indicted for Queens Dumps: Owners of Land Used Also Named In 19-Count Bill"
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427:, the Queens city councilman at the time. Between late 2013 and July 2014, the
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The playground (at right) in eastern Juniper Valley Park was renovated in 2006.
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1158:"ELIOT AVENUE ENLARGED; Builder Says New Roadway Will Benefit Elmhurst Homes"
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1097:"Rothstein's Shoddy Village Will Become A Playground for Queens Residents"
199:
A key figure in the eventual transformation of the swamp into the park is
2889:
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62:
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was fought vehemently by the Juniper Valley Civic Association, however.
692:"Barren Island Airport Disfavored – Aviation Lines Cite Fog Conditions"
409:
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23:
Juniper Valley Park, near Juniper Boulevard South, in Middle Village
428:
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130:
58:
18:
1263:"Carey, Rice Are Released Without Bail; Text of Dump Indictments"
1181:
1179:
944:"Clip Rothstein Park Price $ 182,000 in new Offer to City Board"
31:
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1835:
1736:
1561:
1519:
469:
New York Times City Lore: The Trees That Don't Grow in Brooklyn
4532:
1478:
111:
255:
the civic center and airport would only be 15 minutes from
77:
field. Since the 1930s it has been run and operated by the
1442:"New Juniper Valley Park bocce courts met with skepticism"
727:
Cody, Sarah K.; Auwaerter, John; Curry, George W. (2009).
419:
around the Brennan field was replaced with a 400-meter
563:
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729:"Cultural Landscape Report for Floyd Bennett Field"
271:. The plan was opposed by Queens borough president
267:would provide road connections to the area via the
135:Juniper Valley Park in winter, facing west towards
824:"Juniper Valley Urged as Queens Civic Center Site"
4740:Works Progress Administration in New York (state)
568:Blakemore, Porter R.; Linck, Dana C. (May 1981).
1689:Gateway National Recreation Area - Staten Island
1474:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
457:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
79:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
1662:Gateway National Recreation Area - Jamaica Bay
1389:"New fields of dreams look more like Mudville"
315:; the Lefferts Dump at Lefferts Boulevard and
1531:
746:College of Environmental Science and Forestry
8:
722:
720:
627:"Long Island Sites for Airports Recommended"
882:"Regional Plan Defends Civic Site Proposal"
448:
446:
444:
4440:
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3923:
2523:
1845:
1832:
1744:
1733:
1571:
1558:
1538:
1524:
1516:
979:Brooklyn Standard Union-March 7, 1931-News
1122:"Large Tract in Elmhurst to be Developed"
331:; Bergen Landing; and the future site of
155:and the opportunistic eastern red cedar,
30:is a 55.247-acre (223,580 m) public
2304:Queen Elizabeth II September 11th Garden
581:United States Department of the Interior
1328:Bertrand, Donald (September 10, 1999).
440:
608:
597:
534:
532:
530:
528:
1295:Bertrand, Donald (December 3, 1997).
93:buses, which all stop near the park.
7:
4707:
1095:Bennett, Charles G. (June 8, 1941).
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
118:plants harvested by early settlers.
1767:Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms
230:. The city's aeronautical engineer
216:United States Secretary of Commerce
4694:Department of Parks and Recreation
3033:Coney Island Beach & Boardwalk
2349:Samuel N. Bennerson 2nd Playground
14:
4660:Hispanic and Latino-related parks
1440:Jankiewicz, Eric (23 July 2014).
1387:Bertrand, Donald (May 27, 1998).
1361:Kilgannon, Corey (May 10, 1998).
495:"Queenswalk: Juniper Valley Park"
4706:
4681:
4680:
4244:William T. Davis Wildlife Refuge
3654:Judge Moses Weinstein Playground
1908:British Garden at Hanover Square
832:. February 22, 1930. p. 103
545:Juniper Valley Civic Association
347:and were released without bail.
2903:American Veterans Memorial Pier
2846:North and South Brother Islands
1584:Lower East Side Tenement Museum
890:. February 24, 1930. p. 10
292:New York City Board of Estimate
147:in the 18th century, occupying
16:Public park in Queens, New York
3514:Dubos Point Wildlife Sanctuary
3474:Catholic War Veterans Triangle
3429:Brant Point Wildlife Sanctuary
1479:Juniper Park Civic Association
635:. December 31, 1927. p. 5
421:all-weather rubber based track
415:In May 2001, the old worn-out
412:because of improper drainage.
1:
4212:Mid-Island & South Shore
3008:Chief Charles A. Joshua Plaza
2943:Bocchino-Dente Memorial Plaza
2264:Murphy's Brother's Playground
2219:Manhattan Waterfront Greenway
1923:Captain Patrick J. Brown Walk
1589:Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace
952:. August 23, 1931. p. 47
701:. February 9, 1928. p. 6
539:Hanes, Jessica (March 2011).
369:Works Progress Administration
296:Works Progress Administration
3819:Rockaway Beach and Boardwalk
2968:Brooklyn Waterfront Greenway
1330:"New roller rink's a winner"
742:State University of New York
541:"Juniper Valley Park is 70!"
182:New York Connecting Railroad
81:. The park is served by the
3173:Lieutenant Joseph Petrosino
3088:Fresh Creek Nature Preserve
2781:Carlos J. Lozada Playground
1677:Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge
1272:. March 28, 1939. p. 2
1236:. March 28, 1939. p. 1
1198:. March 28, 1939. p. 1
1130:. June 12, 1938. p. 51
345:Long Island City Courthouse
65:fields, and a quarter-mile
4761:
4604:New York Chinese Scholar's
4383:Reed's Basket Willow Swamp
3479:Chris Postiglione Triangle
3278:Russell D. Ramsey Triangle
2958:Brooklyn Heights Promenade
2494:West Side Community Garden
388:, more baseball fields, a
327:, near the future site of
220:New York metropolitan area
145:American Revolutionary War
4735:Parks in Queens, New York
4676:
4655:Vietnam War-related parks
4650:World War I-related parks
4439:
4428:
4044:Richmond Terrace Wetlands
3904:Walter J. Wetzel Triangle
3784:Queens County Farm Museum
3609:Hillcrest Veterans Square
3168:Leon S. Kaiser Playground
2718:Spuyten Duyvil Shorefront
2057:Elizabeth H. Berger Plaza
1844:
1831:
1810:Mount Loretto Unique Area
1743:
1732:
1654:National recreation areas
1570:
1557:
760:"A Barren Island Airport"
305:Horace Harding Expressway
284:New York City Comptroller
252:Regional Plan Association
171:File:Pullis Farm Cemetery
61:courts, as well as seven
4193:Staten Island Industrial
3454:Brooklyn–Queens Greenway
2963:Brooklyn–Queens Greenway
2913:Anthony Catanzaro Square
2504:Winston Churchill Square
2499:William A. Harris Garden
2142:Fort George Seating Area
1838:City parks and preserves
520:Juniper Valley Racetrack
471:. Accessed May 16, 2008.
459:. Accessed May 16, 2008.
400:field. A proposal for a
4599:Staten Island Botanical
4388:Seaside Wildlife Nature
3839:Seagirt Avenue Wetlands
3764:Playground Seventy Five
3554:Flushing Meadows-Corona
3539:Far Rockaway Skate Park
2708:Raoul Wallenberg Forest
2329:Robert Moses Playground
1953:North Meadow Rec Center
1576:National Historic Sites
1270:Long Island Daily Press
1234:Long Island Daily Press
1140:Brooklyn Public Library
962:Brooklyn Public Library
900:Brooklyn Public Library
645:Brooklyn Public Library
431:courts were renovated.
4745:Middle Village, Queens
3759:Phil "Scooter" Rizzuto
3499:Det. Keith L. Williams
3449:Broad Channel Wetlands
3439:Broad Channel American
3048:Continental Army Plaza
2464:Vietnam Veterans Plaza
2164:Imagination Playground
1995:Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza
1958:Tarr Family Playground
1858:79th Street Boat Basin
1802:State recreation lands
981:Accessed May 16, 2008.
607:Cite journal requires
594:on September 11, 2014.
522:Accessed May 16, 2008.
360:
341:Fiorello H. La Guardia
307:(now Interstate 495).
269:Long Island Expressway
232:Clarence D. Chamberlin
173:
140:
36:Middle Village, Queens
24:
4473:Dana Discovery Center
4214:(Community Districts
3779:Proctor-Hopson Circle
2811:Hunts Point Riverside
2536:Bicentennial Veterans
2469:Vincent F. Albano Jr.
2354:Sara Delano Roosevelt
2319:Richard Tucker Square
1943:Great Lawn Rec Center
1938:Diana Ross Playground
1609:African Burial Ground
1502:40.72028°N 73.88028°W
585:National Park Service
358:
343:, surrendered to the
265:Queens–Midtown Tunnel
169:
134:
22:
4259:Community District 3
4183:South Beach Wetlands
4173:Saw Mill Creek Marsh
4104:Community District 2
4049:Sailors' Snug Harbor
3933:Community District 1
3754:Park of the Americas
3744:One Room Schoolhouse
3504:Det. William T. Gunn
3484:College Point Fields
3043:Coney Island Cyclone
2948:Breukelen Ballfields
2871:Taqwa Community Farm
2546:City Island Wetlands
2035:East River Esplanade
1948:Heckscher Playground
1893:Bella Abzug (Hudson)
1297:"New rink site eyed"
1195:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1127:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1076:. September 25, 1938
949:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
887:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
771:. February 4, 1928.
632:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
238:, which would allow
157:Juniperus virginiana
4378:Olmstead-Beil House
4004:Graniteville Quarry
3894:Underbridge Dog Run
3509:Dr. Charles R. Drew
3113:Green Central Knoll
3103:Golconda Skate Park
2816:Joseph Rodman Drake
2753:Williamsbridge Oval
2030:East River Greenway
2010:DeSalvio Playground
1667:Floyd Bennett Field
1507:40.72028; -73.88028
1498: /
1470:Juniper Valley Park
1394:New York Daily News
1335:New York Daily News
1302:New York Daily News
862:. February 25, 1930
829:New York Daily News
804:. February 22, 1930
699:Brooklyn Daily Star
669:. December 21, 1927
453:Juniper Valley Park
245:Floyd Bennett Field
97:Geology and ecology
28:Juniper Valley Park
4589:New York Botanical
4009:Graniteville Swamp
3844:Socrates Sculpture
3824:Rockaway Community
3078:Four Sparrow Marsh
3038:Coney Island Creek
2576:Magenta Playground
2556:Givans Creek Woods
2459:Vesuvio Playground
2419:Theodore Roosevelt
2334:Roosevelt Triangle
2062:Father Demo Square
1975:Coleman Playground
1599:National monuments
1367:The New York Times
1162:The New York Times
1101:The New York Times
1074:The New York Times
1048:The New York Times
1024:. October 31, 1937
1022:The New York Times
996:The New York Times
922:The New York Times
860:The New York Times
802:The New York Times
768:The New York Times
667:The New York Times
361:
174:
141:
45:The park contains
25:
4722:
4721:
4672:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4571:Botanical gardens
4424:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4398:Tottenville Shore
4113:Blood Root Valley
3974:Corporal Thompson
3899:Vleigh Playground
3889:Turtle Playground
3769:Ofc. Edward Byrne
3699:LoCicero Triangle
3669:Kohlreiter Square
3559:Foch Sitting Area
3273:Robert E. Venable
2884:
2883:
2748:Washington's Walk
2489:Washington Square
2484:Washington Market
2404:Stuyvesant Square
2254:Montefiore Square
1863:Abe Lebewohl Park
1827:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1777:Marsha P. Johnson
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1639:Statue of Liberty
1282:Fultonhistory.com
1246:Fultonhistory.com
1208:Fultonhistory.com
711:Fultonhistory.com
333:Baisley Pond Park
313:Edgemere Landfill
261:Triborough Bridge
205:1919 World Series
4752:
4710:
4709:
4684:
4683:
4621:Roosevelt Island
4594:Queens Botanical
4579:Brooklyn Botanic
4458:Belvedere Castle
4441:
4430:
4348:Hybrid Oak Woods
4323:Conference House
3924:
3674:Kopytko Triangle
3356:WNYC Transmitter
3118:Herbert Von King
3083:Frank M. Charles
2728:University Woods
2666:Bronx Skate Park
2524:
2424:Thomas Jefferson
2359:Septuagesimo Uno
2159:Ilka Tanya Payán
2092:Governors Island
1846:
1833:
1792:Shirley Chisholm
1787:Roberto Clemente
1745:
1734:
1714:Swinburne Island
1629:Governors Island
1572:
1559:
1540:
1533:
1526:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1267:
1259:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1231:
1223:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1191:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1137:
1135:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1003:
988:
982:
976:
970:
969:
959:
957:
940:
934:
933:
931:
929:
914:
908:
907:
897:
895:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
852:
846:
845:
839:
837:
820:
814:
813:
811:
809:
794:
788:
787:
785:
783:
764:
756:
750:
749:
733:
724:
715:
714:
708:
706:
696:
688:
679:
678:
676:
674:
659:
653:
652:
642:
640:
623:
617:
616:
610:
605:
603:
595:
593:
587:. Archived from
574:
565:
556:
555:
553:
551:
536:
523:
517:
511:
510:
508:
506:
491:
472:
466:
460:
450:
325:South Ozone Park
287:Charles W. Berry
273:George U. Harvey
226:in southeastern
201:Arnold Rothstein
4760:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4718:
4664:
4638:
4615:
4565:
4527:
4435:
4412:
4353:Isle of Meadows
4293:Bayview Terrace
4273:Amundsen Circle
4256:
4248:
4213:
4207:
4163:Old Place Creek
4101:
4093:
4054:Shooters Island
3930:
3913:
3869:Travis Triangle
3809:Remsen Cemetery
3549:Flushing Fields
3544:Feehan Triangle
3365:
3253:Paerdegat Basin
3208:Maria Hernandez
3203:Manhattan Beach
3178:Lincoln Terrace
3148:John Paul Jones
3068:Eastern Parkway
3028:Commodore Barry
2953:Brooklyn Bridge
2880:
2757:
2743:Vinmont Veteran
2698:Mosholu Parkway
2637:
2513:
2434:Tompkins Square
2369:Sheridan Square
2314:Randalls Island
2299:Plaza Lafayette
2249:Mitchell Square
2209:Louis Cuvillier
2184:Jackie Robinson
2149:Holcombe Rucker
2082:Fort Washington
2050:Stuyvesant Cove
2020:Drumgoole Plaza
1873:Albert Capsouto
1868:Abingdon Square
1840:
1819:
1796:
1757:Bayswater Point
1739:
1720:
1648:
1634:Hamilton Grange
1600:
1593:
1566:
1553:
1547:Protected areas
1544:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1466:
1461:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1400:
1398:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1341:
1339:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1308:
1306:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1253:
1239:
1237:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1215:
1201:
1199:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1164:. April 2, 1939
1156:
1155:
1151:
1133:
1131:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1077:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1001:
999:
998:. March 9, 1935
990:
989:
985:
977:
973:
955:
953:
942:
941:
937:
927:
925:
924:. March 7, 1931
916:
915:
911:
893:
891:
880:
879:
875:
865:
863:
854:
853:
849:
835:
833:
822:
821:
817:
807:
805:
796:
795:
791:
781:
779:
762:
758:
757:
753:
731:
726:
725:
718:
704:
702:
694:
690:
689:
682:
672:
670:
661:
660:
656:
638:
636:
625:
624:
620:
606:
596:
591:
572:
567:
566:
559:
549:
547:
538:
537:
526:
518:
514:
504:
502:
493:
492:
475:
467:
463:
451:
442:
437:
425:Thomas Ognibene
353:
317:Sunrise Highway
282:In March 1931,
259:. Further, the
197:
129:
124:
99:
34:located within
17:
12:
11:
5:
4758:
4756:
4748:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4727:
4726:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4716:
4704:
4701:New York State
4697:
4690:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4637:
4636:
4631:
4625:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4608:
4607:
4606:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4575:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4537:
4535:
4529:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4449:
4447:
4445:Nature centers
4437:
4436:
4433:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4343:Huguenot Ponds
4340:
4335:
4330:
4328:Crescent Beach
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4264:
4262:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4239:Meredith Woods
4236:
4231:
4225:
4223:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4168:Prall's Island
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4138:Gen. MacArthur
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4095:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3709:Lynch Triangle
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3679:Libra Triangle
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3659:Juniper Valley
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3629:Hunter's Point
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3589:Frank Principe
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3404:Bayside Fields
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3198:Macri Triangle
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2923:Ascenzi Square
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2826:Julius Richman
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2791:Concrete Plant
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2603:Pelham Parkway
2600:
2599:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:Sherman Square
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2234:McKenna Square
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Madison Square
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2189:Jackson Square
2186:
2181:
2179:J. Hood Wright
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2122:Hell's Kitchen
2119:
2114:
2112:Hanover Square
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2015:DeWitt Clinton
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Bellevue South
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1852:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1762:Clay Pit Ponds
1759:
1753:
1751:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1704:Hoffman Island
1701:
1696:
1694:Fort Wadsworth
1686:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1658:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1614:Castle Clinton
1611:
1605:
1603:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1578:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1555:
1554:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1465:
1464:External links
1462:
1459:
1458:
1446:Queens Courier
1432:
1412:
1407:Newspapers.com
1379:
1353:
1348:Newspapers.com
1320:
1315:Newspapers.com
1287:
1251:
1213:
1175:
1149:
1144:newspapers.com
1113:
1087:
1061:
1050:. June 6, 1937
1035:
1009:
983:
971:
966:newspapers.com
935:
909:
904:newspapers.com
873:
847:
842:Newspapers.com
815:
789:
751:
716:
680:
654:
649:newspapers.com
618:
609:|journal=
557:
524:
512:
501:. 25 June 2014
473:
461:
439:
438:
436:
433:
367:. By 1942 the
352:
349:
321:Conduit Avenue
300:Stewart Willey
212:Herbert Hoover
196:
193:
128:
125:
123:
120:
98:
95:
69:around a turf
53:, Paddleball,
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4757:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
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4730:
4715:
4714:
4705:
4703:
4702:
4698:
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4691:
4689:
4688:
4679:
4678:
4675:
4661:
4658:
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4635:
4632:
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4627:
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4609:
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4602:
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4600:
4597:
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4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4561:Staten Island
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:Prospect Park
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4536:
4534:
4530:
4524:
4523:Van Cortlandt
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4508:Orchard Beach
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
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4479:
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4427:
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4319:
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4311:
4309:
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4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:Arbutus Woods
4281:
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4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
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4260:
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4154:
4153:Midland Field
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4133:FDR Boardwalk
4131:
4129:
4128:Father Macris
4126:
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4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4100:
4096:
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4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:Tompkinsville
4072:
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4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
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4050:
4047:
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4020:
4017:
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4000:
3997:
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3990:
3987:
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3940:
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3937:
3934:
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3925:
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3919:Staten Island
3916:
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3900:
3897:
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3815:
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3810:
3807:
3805:
3804:Ralph Demarco
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3794:Rachel Carson
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
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3774:Powell's Cove
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
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3707:
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3704:Louis Pasteur
3702:
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3579:Francis Lewis
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3497:
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3480:
3477:
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3472:
3470:
3469:Captain Tilly
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3444:Broad Channel
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3414:Beach Channel
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3389:Andrews Grove
3387:
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3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3362:
3361:Zion Triangle
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
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3337:
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3329:
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3319:
3316:
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3309:
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3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
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3243:Ocean Parkway
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
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3216:
3214:
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3149:
3146:
3144:
3143:John J. Carty
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3128:Irving Square
3126:
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3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
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3093:Friends Field
3091:
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3069:
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3009:
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2854:
2852:
2851:Playground 52
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
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2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2801:Estella Diggs
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2771:Baretto Point
2769:
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2766:
2764:
2760:
2754:
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2749:
2746:
2744:
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2739:
2736:
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2733:Van Cortlandt
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
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2654:
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2651:Aqueduct Walk
2649:
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2644:
2640:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
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2611:
2609:
2608:Pugsley Creek
2606:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2596:Rodman's Neck
2594:
2592:
2591:Orchard Beach
2589:
2587:
2586:Hunter Island
2584:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
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2559:
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2435:
2432:
2430:
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2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2409:Swindler Cove
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2379:Spring Street
2377:
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2300:
2297:
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2294:Peter Detmold
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2284:Peretz Square
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2269:Muscota Marsh
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
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2232:
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2229:Marcus Garvey
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2204:Little Island
2202:
2200:
2197:
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2128:
2127:Herald Square
2125:
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2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2107:Hamilton Fish
2105:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1990:Corlears Hook
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
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1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
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1939:
1936:
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1934:
1931:
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1914:
1913:Bowling Green
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
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1878:Asphalt Green
1876:
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1624:General Grant
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1601:and memorials
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1579:
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1569:
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1560:
1556:
1552:
1551:New York City
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1518:
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1480:
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1408:
1397:. p. 358
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1338:. p. 333
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1305:. p. 353
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405:
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402:swimming pool
399:
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390:running track
387:
382:
378:
374:
373:tennis courts
370:
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357:
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337:South Jamaica
334:
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250:In 1930, the
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224:Barren Island
221:
217:
213:
210:In mid-1927,
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185:
183:
180:In 1916, the
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126:
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119:
117:
113:
108:
105:that created
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88:
84:
80:
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72:
68:
67:running track
64:
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37:
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4711:
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4692:
4685:
4584:Conservatory
4546:Central Park
4408:Wolfe's Pond
4363:Kingdom Pond
4313:Bunker Ponds
4298:Bloomingdale
4158:Ocean Breeze
4039:Northerleigh
4029:Joseph Manna
4019:Ingram Woods
3989:Forest Grove
3969:Clove's Tail
3947:Austen House
3942:Allison Pond
3849:Spring Creek
3789:Queensbridge
3658:
3584:Frank Golden
3399:Baisley Pond
3346:Walt Whitman
3341:Van Voorhees
3313:Steeplechase
3308:Spring Creek
3233:Mt. Prospect
3163:Leif Ericson
3003:Calvert Vaux
2988:Cadman Plaza
2898:Alben Square
2821:Joyce Kilmer
2688:Henry Hudson
2479:Wards Island
2454:Verdi Square
2449:Union Square
2429:Thomas Paine
2389:St. Nicholas
2309:Ralph Bunche
2289:Peter Cooper
2154:Hudson River
2117:Harlem River
2072:Foley Square
1772:Gantry Plaza
1709:Miller Field
1619:Federal Hall
1483:
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639:December 20,
637:. Retrieved
630:
621:
600:cite journal
589:the original
576:
548:. Retrieved
544:
515:
503:. Retrieved
498:
464:
417:cinder track
414:
406:
386:parking lots
365:Robert Moses
362:
309:
281:
257:Times Square
249:
209:
198:
186:
179:
175:
142:
100:
44:
27:
26:
4643:Other lists
4503:Inwood Hill
4488:Fort Totten
4483:Fort Greene
4453:Alley Pond
4368:Lemon Creek
4358:King Fisher
4338:Great Kills
4288:Arden Woods
4254:South Shore
4203:Willowbrook
4148:Last Chance
4118:Bradys Pond
4089:Westerleigh
4079:Von Briesen
4064:Sobel Court
4059:Silver Lake
4034:Maple Woods
4024:Jones Woods
3964:Clove Lakes
3952:Buono Beach
3928:North Shore
3874:Triangle 54
3854:Springfield
3829:Roy Wilkins
3734:Montbellier
3729:Marie Curie
3649:John Golden
3639:Jamaica Bay
3574:Fort Totten
3569:Fort Tilden
3288:Scarangella
3138:Jamaica Bay
3073:Fort Greene
3063:Dyker Beach
2938:Bensonhurst
2831:Macombs Dam
2776:Bill Rainey
2763:South Bronx
2618:Seton Falls
2571:Hart Island
2551:Ferry Point
2541:Castle Hill
2259:Morningside
2169:Inwood Hill
2067:Finn Square
1928:Carl Schurz
1815:Udalls Cove
1749:State Parks
1699:Great Kills
1672:Fort Tilden
1505: /
1401:October 31,
1372:October 31,
1342:October 31,
1309:October 31,
1168:October 31,
1134:October 31,
1106:October 31,
1080:October 31,
1054:October 31,
1028:October 31,
1002:October 30,
956:October 30,
928:October 30,
894:October 30,
866:October 30,
836:October 30,
808:October 30,
673:October 30,
351:Renovations
329:JFK Airport
236:Jamaica Bay
195:Development
161:ice skating
153:White cedar
143:During the
127:Early years
107:Long Island
4729:Categories
4634:Southpoint
4629:Lighthouse
4518:Salt Marsh
4463:Blue Heron
4393:Siedenburg
4303:Blue Heron
4234:LaTourette
4229:Freshkills
4188:St. George
4099:Mid-Island
3859:St. Albans
3834:Rufus King
3694:Little Bay
3624:Hook Creek
3524:Douglaston
3494:Cunningham
3459:Brookville
3434:Breininger
3384:Alley Pond
3248:Owl's Head
3238:Nellie Bly
2933:Betsy Head
2928:Bath Beach
2918:Asser Levy
2866:St. Mary's
2643:West Bronx
2581:Pelham Bay
2528:East Bronx
2444:Trygve Lie
2394:St. Vartan
2384:St. John's
2239:Millennium
2137:Highbridge
2077:Fort Tryon
2040:East River
1883:Asser Levy
1682:Jacob Riis
1493:73°52′49″W
1490:40°43′13″N
1426:2011-09-15
499:QueensWalk
435:References
189:race track
55:basketball
4611:Wave Hill
4498:High Rock
4493:Greenbelt
4373:Long Pond
4308:Blueberry
4143:High Rock
3994:Fort Hill
3979:Eibs Pond
3739:O'Donohue
3644:Joe Sabba
3534:Evergreen
3489:Crocheron
3409:Bayswater
3323:St. Johns
3318:Sternberg
3258:Paerdegat
3223:McGolrick
3108:Gravesend
3013:City Line
2908:Amersfort
2856:Printer's
2836:Mill Pond
2786:Claremont
2723:St. James
2713:Riverdale
2633:Starlight
2628:Soundview
2519:The Bronx
2324:Riverside
2274:Open Road
2244:Mill Rock
2224:MacArthur
2132:High Line
2102:Greenacre
1970:City Hall
1850:Manhattan
1782:Riverbank
1644:Stonewall
777:0362-4331
240:seaplanes
137:Manhattan
116:blueberry
4687:Category
4513:Prospect
4333:Fairview
4278:Annadale
4198:Westwood
3814:Rochdale
3799:Railroad
3749:Overlook
3689:Linnaeus
3634:Idlewild
3604:Highland
3594:Haggerty
3529:Elmhurst
3519:Doughboy
3419:Big Bush
3332:Tompkins
3298:Seth Low
3283:Saratoga
3268:Red Hook
3263:Prospect
3228:McKinley
3218:McCarren
3188:Lindower
3133:JJ Byrne
3123:Highland
3023:Columbus
2993:Canarsie
2978:Bushwick
2890:Brooklyn
2509:Zuccotti
2414:Teardrop
2194:John Jay
2097:Gramercy
2000:Damrosch
1985:Columbus
1451:3 August
1276:July 29,
1240:July 29,
1202:July 29,
550:3 August
505:3 August
394:football
381:handball
379:fields,
377:baseball
228:Brooklyn
103:glaciers
71:football
63:baseball
51:handball
40:New York
4713:Commons
4468:Crotona
4403:Wegener
4318:Carlton
3959:Barrett
3909:Wayanda
3879:Tribute
3864:Travers
3724:Marconi
3719:Macneil
3664:Kissena
3619:Hoffman
3394:Astoria
3379:Admiral
3351:Wingate
3336:Trinity
3293:Seaside
2998:Carroll
2876:Tremont
2861:Richman
2841:Mullaly
2796:Crotona
2738:Vidalia
2613:Richman
2566:Harding
2439:Tribeca
2199:Liberty
2045:Pier 42
1980:Collect
1965:Chelsea
1933:Central
1903:Bennett
1888:Battery
1564:Federal
737:nps.gov
410:ponding
375:, four
277:Jamaica
149:British
122:History
4556:Queens
4478:Forest
4218:&
4178:Schmul
4084:Walker
4069:Tappen
3714:Mafera
3684:Linden
3614:Hinton
3599:Harvey
3564:Forest
3464:Bulova
3371:Queens
3328:Sunset
3213:Marine
3193:Linton
3183:Linden
3153:Kaiser
3098:Fulton
3058:Domino
3053:Cooper
3018:Coffey
2973:Brower
2693:Jerome
2683:Harris
2656:Bridge
2561:Haffen
2474:Wagner
2399:Straus
2364:Seward
2344:Sakura
2339:Rucker
2087:Gorman
1918:Bryant
775:
398:soccer
392:, and
214:, the
75:soccer
47:tennis
4541:Bronx
4434:Other
4268:Aesop
4123:Deere
3999:Gaeta
3984:Faber
3884:Tudor
3424:Bowne
3303:Shore
3158:Kelly
2983:Byrne
2806:Grant
2673:Devoe
2661:Bronx
2623:Seton
2279:Paley
2174:Isham
2025:Duane
2005:Dante
1738:State
1266:(PDF)
1230:(PDF)
1190:(PDF)
763:(PDF)
748:: 49.
732:(PDF)
695:(PDF)
592:(PDF)
573:(PDF)
429:bocce
323:) in
59:bocce
4533:Zoos
4014:Hero
2678:Ewen
1453:2014
1403:2018
1374:2018
1344:2018
1311:2018
1278:2018
1242:2018
1204:2018
1170:2018
1136:2018
1108:2018
1082:2018
1056:2018
1030:2018
1004:2018
958:2018
930:2018
896:2018
868:2018
838:2018
810:2018
784:2017
773:ISSN
707:2017
675:2018
641:2017
613:help
552:2014
507:2014
263:and
112:bogs
89:and
57:and
32:park
2703:Poe
1549:of
335:in
91:Q47
87:Q38
83:Q29
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