781:
56:
2836:
2826:
2806:
2786:
2776:
2816:
2796:
858:(PPIP) to buy toxic assets from banks' balance sheets. The major stock market indices in the United States rallied on the day of the announcement rising by over six percent with the shares of bank stocks leading the way. PPIP has two primary programs. The Legacy Loans Program will attempt to buy residential loans from banks' balance sheets. The
862:
will provide non-recourse loan guarantees for up to 85 percent of the purchase price of legacy loans. Private sector asset managers and the U.S. Treasury will provide the remaining assets. The second program is called the legacy securities program which will buy mortgage backed securities (RMBS) that
633:
In the case of high-yield bonds, the risk is largely that of default: the possibility that the issuer will be unable to make scheduled interest and principal payments in a timely manner. The default rate in the high-yield sector of the U.S. bond market has averaged about 5% over the long term. During
755:
In emerging markets, such as China and
Vietnam, bonds have become increasingly important as short term financing options, since access to traditional bank credits has always been proved to be limited, especially if borrowers are non-state corporates. The corporate bond market has been developing in
748:
to help pay the debt over time. Companies acquired in this manner were commonly saddled with very high debt loads, hampering their financial flexibility. Debt-to-equity ratios of at least 6 to 1 were common in such transactions. This led to controversy as to the economic and social consequences of
681:
U.S. high-yield bonds outstanding as of the first quarter of 2021 are estimated to be about $ 1.7 trillion, comprising about 16% of the U.S. corporate bond market, which totals $ 10.7 trillion. New issuances amounted to $ 435 billion (~$ 505 billion in 2023) in 2020.
724:
The original speculative grade bonds were bonds that once had been investment grade at time of issue, but where the credit rating of the issuer had slipped and the possibility of default increased significantly. These bonds are called "fallen angels".
776:
above the rating of the original debt. The senior tranches of high-yield CDOs can thus meet the minimum credit rating requirements of pension funds and other institutional investors despite the significant risk in the original high-yield debt.
879:
argues that banks will not sell bad assets at fair market values because they are reluctant to take asset write downs. Removing toxic assets would also reduce the volatility of banks' stock prices. Because stock is akin to a
735:
realized that fallen angels had regularly been valued less than what they were worth. His experience with speculative grade bonds started with his investment in these. In the mid-1980s, Milken and other investment bankers at
702:
Some investors, preferring to dedicate themselves to higher-rated and less-risky investments, use an index that only includes BB-rated and B-rated securities. Other investors focus on the lowest quality debt rated CCC or
934:(by four notches from Baa1 to Ba2) saying there was a growing risk the country would need a second bail-out before it was ready to borrow money from financial markets again, and private lenders might have to contribute.
863:
were originally rated AAA and commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) and asset-backed securities (ABS) which are rated AAA. The funds will come in many instances in equal parts from the U.S. Treasury's
944:
process within the
European banking system, many European CFOs are still issuing high-yield bonds. As a result, by the end of September 2012, the total amount of annual primary bond issuances stood at
2706:
673:
that prohibit investing in bonds which have ratings below a particular level. As a result, the lower-rated securities may have a different institutional investor base than investment-grade bonds. .
1755:
2284:
875:
has been very critical of this program arguing the non-recourse loans lead to a hidden subsidy that will be split by asset managers, banks' shareholders and creditors. Banking analyst
2779:
2250:
951:. It is assumed that high-yield bonds are still attractive for companies with a stable funding base, although the ratings have declined continuously for most of those bonds.
1365:
740:
created a new type of high-yield debt: bonds that were speculative grade from the start, and were used as a financing tool in leveraged buyouts and hostile takeovers. In a
1333:
819:
Such assets represent a serious problem for purchasers because of their complexity. Having been repackaged perhaps several times, it is difficult and time-consuming for
2277:
1298:
847:
problem. Alternatively, potentially insolvent banks with toxic assets sought out very risky speculative loans to shift risk onto their depositors and other creditors.
2353:
2839:
2270:
553:
937:
On 13 July 2012, Moody's cut Italy's credit rating two notches, to Baa2 (leaving it just above junk). Moody's warned the country it could be cut further.
752:
In 2005, over 80% of the principal amount of high-yield debt issued by U.S. companies went toward corporate purposes rather than acquisitions or buyouts.
2751:
2238:
1763:
816:
of 2007–09 and led the US Treasury to seek congressional appropriations to buy those assets in
September 2008 to prevent a systemic crisis of the banks.
1039:
2244:
835:. Even those assets that might have gone up in value in the long-term depreciated rapidly, quickly becoming "toxic" for the banks that held them.
1397:
1219:
2875:
1851:
1552:
1282:
859:
420:
1167:
2573:
2568:
2174:
666:) are the largest purchasers of high-yield debt. Individual investors participate in the high-yield sector mainly through mutual funds.
804:, the bonds and their derivatives become what is referred to as "toxic debt". Holding such "toxic" assets led to the demise of several
2476:
2169:
1812:
871:(TALF). The initial size of the Public Private Investment Partnership is projected to be $ 500 billion. Nobel Prize–winning economist
1799:
1023:
998:
1375:
1804:
1313:
2361:
2338:
965:
546:
1340:
855:
642:
and accompanying weakening of business conditions tends to increase the possibility of default in the high-yield bond sector.
2809:
2551:
2164:
2040:
1245:
897:
765:
395:
2819:
2789:
864:
522:
344:
888:
will hurt the stock price of distressed banks. Therefore, such banks will only sell toxic assets at above market prices.
2799:
2556:
780:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
1980:
70:
2433:
2020:
784:
The New York City headquarters of
Barclays (formerly Lehman Brothers, as shown in the picture). In background, the
539:
296:
2643:
2593:
2531:
2491:
2438:
1844:
1610:
868:
405:
744:(LBO), an acquirer would issue speculative grade bonds to help pay for an acquisition and then use the target's
2860:
2829:
2746:
2741:
2179:
813:
2880:
2726:
2721:
2676:
907:
225:
2428:
2870:
2736:
2701:
2598:
2113:
2015:
1405:
737:
595:
370:
1585:
2653:
2561:
2159:
2123:
1960:
1919:
1456:
704:
502:
415:
31:
831:
of 2008–09 hit, their value decreased further as more debtors defaulted, so they represented a rapidly
2885:
2681:
2466:
2343:
1837:
1527:
885:
349:
252:
1676:
2756:
2618:
2526:
2521:
2517:
2471:
1929:
1483:
Wilson, Linus; Wu, Yan Wendy (2010). "Common (stock) sense about risk-shifting and bank bailouts".
1370:
663:
527:
1559:
2731:
2691:
2628:
2623:
2461:
2005:
1794:
1681:
1649:
1500:
1436:
1318:
1292:
1239:
1193:
832:
517:
475:
460:
430:
354:
282:
199:
77:
65:
55:
1103:
2696:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2328:
2212:
2138:
1990:
1912:
1818:
1808:
1661:
1657:
1512:
1508:
1448:
1444:
1278:
1019:
994:
960:
903:
797:
729:
635:
599:
450:
445:
435:
380:
206:
174:
2865:
2536:
2405:
2316:
2202:
2073:
2045:
1985:
1970:
1641:
1492:
1428:
911:
876:
851:
839:, by increasing the variance of banks' assets, can turn otherwise healthy institutions into
801:
741:
623:
591:
497:
492:
465:
335:
311:
306:
267:
247:
211:
159:
47:
2638:
2486:
2448:
2323:
2297:
2217:
2207:
2000:
1995:
1924:
1469:
809:
805:
634:
the liquidity crisis of 1989–90, the default rate was in the 5.6% to 7% range. During the
627:
607:
455:
440:
400:
216:
154:
110:
1339:. The Journal of Economic Policy and Research, 6(1): 1–47. 15 March 2011. Archived from
1128:
2541:
2456:
2333:
2293:
2118:
2103:
2068:
2055:
2030:
1934:
1902:
1871:
927:
732:
587:
470:
375:
325:
287:
179:
126:
120:
100:
95:
2854:
2648:
2633:
2613:
2501:
2262:
2222:
2197:
2108:
2093:
2083:
2035:
1975:
1965:
1653:
1504:
1440:
919:
844:
769:
619:
410:
385:
237:
184:
1790:
2761:
2686:
2658:
2603:
2496:
2133:
2078:
2025:
1955:
1881:
941:
872:
655:
651:
603:
512:
487:
257:
149:
144:
135:
105:
1703:
930:
on 28 April. On 5 July 2011, Portugal's rating was decreased to "junk" status by
2546:
2189:
2128:
2088:
2063:
1939:
1907:
1897:
1860:
1401:
990:
881:
840:
836:
756:
line with the general trend of capital market, and equity market in particular.
708:
507:
320:
277:
272:
262:
169:
86:
1729:
1142:
2711:
2481:
1645:
1496:
931:
923:
824:
785:
1822:
2608:
1876:
828:
745:
639:
610:
than investment-grade bonds in order to compensate for the increased risk.
1632:
Wilson, Linus (January 2010). "The put problem with buying toxic assets".
1427:
Wilson, Linus (2 February 2009). "Debt
Overhang and Bank Bailouts". SSRN.
17:
2143:
2098:
1432:
915:
232:
820:
773:
567:
482:
425:
1273:
Ross, Stephen A; Westerfield, Randolph W.; Jordan, Bradford D (2010).
2311:
867:
monies, private investors, and from loans from the
Federal Reserve's
749:
transforming firms through the aggressive use of financial leverage.
670:
779:
164:
30:"Junk Bond" redirects here. For the astronomical observatory, see
843:. Potentially insolvent banks made too few good loans creating a
946:
659:
622:, high-yield debt entails more risk to the investor compared to
390:
2266:
1833:
1143:"Bloomberg Barclays US Corporate High Yield Total Return Index"
1829:
1334:"Vietnam's corporate bond market, 1990–2010: Some reflections"
1220:"S&P: U.S. distress ratio declines below its 1-yr average"
796:
When such CDOs are backed by assets of dubious value, such as
789:
692:
Bloomberg
Barclays US Corporate High Yield Total Return Index,
630:
to compensate them for investing in the riskier securities.
1277:(Ninth ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. p. 211.
1040:"America's high-yield debt is on ever-shakier foundations"
1756:"Fitch: High-Yields to Remain Good Alternative in Europe"
1730:"Portugal's debt is downgraded to junk status by Moody's"
695:
S&P U.S. Issued High Yield
Corporate Bond Index, and
1314:"Need more retirement income? Look at high yield bonds"
2251:
Securities
Industry and Financial Markets Association
689:
ICE Bank of
America US High Yield Total Return Index,
1131:. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. 31 August 1986.
2667:
2586:
2510:
2447:
2404:
2395:
2352:
2304:
2231:
2188:
2152:
2054:
1948:
1890:
1528:"U.S. Expands Plan to Buy Banks' Troubled Assets"
1526:Andrews, Edmund L.; Dash, Eric (24 March 2009).
1611:"Meredith Whitney: A Bad Bank Won't Save Banks"
1558:. U.S. Treasury. 23 March 2009. Archived from
1553:"FACT SHEET PUBLIC-PRIVATE INVESTMENT PROGRAM"
1168:"S&P U.S. High Yield Corporate Bond Index"
2278:
1845:
922:by two notches to A, over concerns about its
764:High-yield bonds can also be repackaged into
547:
8:
2780:Private equity and venture capital investors
1297:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
812:and other financial institutions during the
1129:"ICE BofA US High Yield Total Return Index"
850:On March 23, 2009, U.S. Treasury Secretary
707:, commonly defined as those yielding 1,000
685:Indices for the high-yield market include:
2815:
2795:
2752:Taxation of private equity and hedge funds
2569:Private investment in public equity (PIPE)
2401:
2285:
2271:
2263:
2239:Commercial Mortgage Securities Association
1852:
1838:
1830:
1675:Ewing, Jack; Healy, Jack (27 April 2010).
1485:Financial Markets and Portfolio Management
554:
540:
38:
906:rating was decreased to "junk" status by
638:, default rates rose to just under 9%. A
2245:International Capital Market Association
987:The Handbook of Fixed Income Securities
977:
362:
334:
295:
192:
134:
85:
46:
1677:"Greek Debt Rating cut to Junk Status"
1613:. businessinsider.com. 29 January 2009
1465:
1454:
1398:"Marketplace Whiteboard: Toxic assets"
1290:
1237:
1018:. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 208.
827:to determine their true value. As the
860:Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
856:Public-Private Investment Partnership
7:
792:, first worldwide insurance company.
760:Debt repackaging and subprime crisis
598:. These bonds have a higher risk of
2175:Commercial mortgage-backed security
1704:"Fears grow over Greece shockwaves"
669:Some institutional investors have
626:bonds. Investors require a greater
2170:Collateralized mortgage obligation
1762:. 12 December 2012. Archived from
711:over equivalent government bonds.
25:
1800:Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
1366:"The collapse of Lehman Brothers"
1275:Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
1194:"FTSE US High-Yield Market Index"
1014:Thau, Annette (2 November 2000).
650:Institutional investors (such as
2835:
2834:
2825:
2824:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2775:
2774:
1805:Library of Economics and Liberty
698:FTSE US High-Yield Market Index.
54:
966:Thomson Financial League Tables
910:amidst fears of default by the
766:collateralized debt obligations
297:Over-the-counter (off-exchange)
2552:Publicly traded private equity
2165:Collateralized debt obligation
2041:Reverse convertible securities
1803:(2nd ed.). Indianapolis:
1584:Paul Krugman (23 March 2009).
898:European sovereign debt crisis
884:on a firm's assets, this lost
1:
2820:List of venture capital firms
1312:Aaron Katsman (6 June 2012).
865:Troubled Asset Relief Program
523:Sustainable development goals
2876:United States housing bubble
2800:List of private equity firms
2557:Business Development Company
989:(fifth ed.). New York:
618:As indicated by their lower
1981:Contingent convertible bond
1634:Applied Financial Economics
892:EU member state debt crisis
869:Term Asset Lending Facility
768:(CDO), thereby raising the
2902:
2644:High-net-worth individuals
2434:Leveraged recapitalization
2021:Inverse floating rate note
1586:"Geithner plan arithmetic"
1244:: CS1 maint: url-status (
985:Fabozzi, Frank J. (1997).
895:
29:
2770:
2532:Limited liability company
2492:Venture capital financing
2439:Dividend recapitalization
1867:
1646:10.1080/09603100903262954
1497:10.1007/s11408-009-0125-y
576:non-investment-grade bond
406:Diversification (finance)
2180:Mortgage-backed security
1949:Types of bonds by payout
1891:Types of bonds by issuer
814:subprime mortgage crisis
2599:Institutional investors
1092:"The Economist op cit".
677:U.S. market and indices
2737:Liquidation preference
2702:Distribution waterfall
2654:Sovereign wealth funds
2114:Option-adjusted spread
2016:Inflation-indexed bond
1464:Cite journal requires
902:On 27 April 2010, the
793:
738:Drexel Burnham Lambert
596:credit rating agencies
580:speculative-grade bond
371:Alternative investment
2810:Venture capital firms
2562:Venture capital trust
2160:Asset-backed security
2124:Weighted-average life
1961:Auction rate security
908:Standard & Poor's
783:
705:distressed securities
503:Investment management
416:Environmental finance
32:Junk Bond Observatory
2790:Private equity firms
2518:Private equity firms
2467:Post-money valuation
2344:Equity co-investment
2153:Securitized products
1789:Yago, Glenn (2008).
1433:10.2139/ssrn.1336288
1346:on 26 September 2020
993:. pp. 220–221.
590:that is rated below
2840:Portfolio companies
2757:Undercapitalization
2609:Insurance companies
2527:Limited partnership
2472:Pre-money valuation
1930:Infrastructure bond
1371:The Daily Telegraph
664:insurance companies
528:Sustainable finance
42:Part of a series on
2692:Capital commitment
2462:Business incubator
2429:Buy–sell agreement
2006:Floating rate note
1795:David R. Henderson
1766:on 11 January 2013
1682:The New York Times
1319:The Jerusalem Post
1260:Thau op cit p. 208
1172:Standard and Poors
833:depreciating asset
794:
788:, headquarters of
518:Speculative attack
283:Structured product
2848:
2847:
2697:Capital structure
2582:
2581:
2424:Divisional buyout
2419:Management buyout
2414:Financial sponsor
2260:
2259:
2213:Exchangeable bond
2139:Yield to maturity
1991:Exchangeable bond
1913:Subordinated debt
1760:CFO Insight Fitch
1284:978-0-07-724612-9
961:Mezzanine capital
940:With the ongoing
798:subprime mortgage
730:investment banker
636:COVID-19 pandemic
606:but offer higher
602:or other adverse
564:
563:
391:Banks and banking
381:Asset (economics)
207:Credit derivative
175:Stock certificate
48:Financial markets
27:Financial product
16:(Redirected from
2893:
2838:
2837:
2828:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2808:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2788:
2787:
2778:
2777:
2639:Commercial banks
2629:Investment banks
2537:Carried interest
2402:
2305:Investment types
2287:
2280:
2273:
2264:
2203:Convertible bond
2046:Zero-coupon bond
1986:Convertible bond
1971:Commercial paper
1854:
1847:
1840:
1831:
1826:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1565:on 24 March 2009
1564:
1557:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1462:
1460:
1452:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1404:. Archived from
1394:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1374:. Archived from
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1288:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1243:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1226:. 30 August 2012
1216:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1190:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1011:
1005:
1004:
982:
950:
914:. They also cut
912:Greek Government
877:Meredith Whitney
852:Timothy Geithner
806:investment banks
802:market liquidity
800:loans, and lose
742:leveraged buyout
624:investment grade
592:investment grade
556:
549:
542:
498:Impact investing
493:Growth investing
226:Foreign exchange
212:Futures exchange
160:Registered share
58:
39:
21:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2861:Bonds (finance)
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2830:Angel investors
2766:
2717:High-yield debt
2670:financial terms
2669:
2663:
2578:
2506:
2487:Startup company
2443:
2397:
2391:
2348:
2300:
2298:venture capital
2291:
2261:
2256:
2227:
2218:Extendible bond
2208:Embedded option
2184:
2148:
2050:
2011:High-yield debt
2001:Fixed rate bond
1996:Extendible bond
1944:
1925:Government bond
1920:Distressed debt
1886:
1863:
1858:
1815:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1710:. 28 April 2010
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1463:
1453:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1408:on 11 July 2012
1396:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1379:
1378:on 9 March 2011
1364:
1363:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1289:
1285:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1236:
1229:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1203:
1201:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1176:
1174:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1149:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1001:
984:
983:
979:
974:
957:
945:
928:public finances
900:
894:
810:Lehman Brothers
762:
722:
717:
679:
648:
616:
572:high-yield bond
560:
401:Climate finance
330:
316:
244:
243:
223:
222:
217:Hybrid security
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1640:(1–2): 31–35.
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363:Related areas
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2762:Vintage year
2716:
2687:Capital call
2659:Crowdfunding
2594:Corporations
2497:Venture debt
2232:Institutions
2190:Bond options
2134:Yield spread
2026:Lottery bond
2010:
1956:Accrual bond
1882:Fixed income
1798:
1791:"Junk Bonds"
1768:. Retrieved
1764:the original
1759:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1733:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1707:
1698:
1686:. Retrieved
1680:
1670:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1605:
1593:. Retrieved
1589:
1579:
1567:. Retrieved
1560:the original
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1531:
1521:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1457:cite journal
1422:
1410:. Retrieved
1406:the original
1392:
1380:. Retrieved
1376:the original
1369:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1341:the original
1328:
1317:
1307:
1274:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1228:. Retrieved
1223:
1214:
1202:. Retrieved
1197:
1188:
1175:. Retrieved
1171:
1162:
1150:. Retrieved
1146:
1137:
1123:
1111:. Retrieved
1107:
1104:"Statistics"
1098:
1087:
1078:
1073:
1064:
1059:
1047:. Retrieved
1043:
1034:
1015:
1009:
986:
980:
942:deleveraging
939:
936:
901:
873:Paul Krugman
854:announced a
849:
837:Toxic assets
818:
795:
763:
754:
751:
727:
723:
709:basis points
701:
684:
680:
668:
656:mutual funds
649:
632:
617:
614:Default risk
583:
579:
575:
571:
565:
513:Market trend
488:Greenwashing
345:Participants
150:Growth stock
145:Common stock
136:Stock market
115:
106:Fixed income
74:
36:
2886:Credit risk
2624:Foundations
2547:Pledge fund
2339:Secondaries
2129:Yield curve
2089:Dirty price
2064:Clean price
1940:Global bond
1908:Senior debt
1898:Agency bond
1861:Bond market
1770:12 December
1537:12 February
1491:(1): 3–29.
1402:Marketplace
1350:27 November
1079:Thau op cit
1065:Thau op cit
991:McGraw Hill
882:call option
825:accountants
508:Market risk
321:Spot market
278:Reinsurance
273:Real estate
263:Mutual fund
200:Derivatives
170:Stockbroker
87:Bond market
2855:Categories
2712:Envy ratio
2619:Endowments
2482:Seed money
2396:Terms and
1688:15 October
1198:Yield Book
972:References
949:50 billion
924:state debt
904:Greek debt
896:See also:
886:volatility
786:AXA Center
350:Regulation
78:Securities
18:Junk bonds
2682:Cap table
2587:Investors
2511:Structure
2329:Mezzanine
2317:Leveraged
2069:Convexity
1877:Debenture
1823:237794267
1654:218640283
1505:153441066
1441:153681120
1293:cite book
1240:cite news
1230:16 August
1147:Bloomberg
829:recession
746:cash flow
646:Investors
640:recession
584:junk bond
451:corporate
426:Financial
248:Commodity
2732:Leverage
2668:Related
2398:concepts
2144:Z-spread
2099:I-spread
2094:Duration
1734:BBC News
1708:BBC News
1617:27 March
1595:27 March
1569:26 March
1412:20 March
1382:1 August
955:See also
916:Portugal
821:auditors
808:such as
774:tranches
476:services
466:personal
461:forecast
431:analysis
355:Clearing
307:Forwards
233:Currency
71:Exchange
2866:Banking
2742:M&A
2449:Venture
2354:History
2324:Venture
2253:(SIFMA)
1797:(ed.).
1662:1343625
1513:1321666
1449:1336288
1224:Reuters
932:Moody's
841:zombies
671:by-laws
600:default
586:) is a
568:finance
483:Fintech
446:betting
436:analyst
336:Trading
312:Options
2707:EBITDA
2406:Buyout
2334:Growth
2312:Buyout
2247:(ICMA)
2241:(CMSA)
2074:Coupon
1976:Consol
1821:
1811:
1740:5 July
1660:
1652:
1511:
1503:
1447:
1439:
1281:
1204:3 July
1177:3 July
1152:3 July
1113:2 July
1049:1 July
1022:
997:
608:yields
471:public
268:Option
73:
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