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505:(20 per cent). In 2013 the Netherlands withdrew, and until 2015 the shares became UK 75 per cent, Canada 25 per cent. In March 2015, the UK and Canada handed over ownership of the JCMT to the East Asian Observatory, which is funded by Japan, China, Taiwan and South-Korea, together with a consortium of Universities from the United Kingdom and Canada.
1057:
421:) considered the importance of astronomical observations at submillimetre and millimetre wavelengths. After a series of proposals and debates, in 1975, the SRC millimetre steering committee concluded that it would be possible to construct a 15-metre diameter telescope capable of observing at wavelengths down to 750–800
472:
In 1984, the telescope was shipped from
England to Hawaii. After the original shipper broke down at the last minute, the telescope was given to a commercial captain who was supposed to deliver it directly to Hawaii. Instead, the captain sailed to Holland to pick up a shipment of explosives, then was
481:
before finally reaching Hawaii. Waiting just outside of territorial waters, the captain demanded that the late delivery charges -- now almost equal to that of the shipping charges -- be waived, and threatened to throw the telescope overboard if his demand was not met. The telescope team was able to
468:
with a tertiary mirror to direct the incoming radiation onto a number of different receivers. The antenna and mountings were to be protected from the elements by a co-rotating carousel with a transparent membrane stretched across the carousel aperture. Building work started in 1983 and went well.
642:
with a mapping speed hundreds of times larger than SCUBA. It has 5120 array elements at both 450 and 850 micron wavelength (10,240 total pixels). It has been conducting the JCMT legacy surveys since
November, 2011, including the
425:. The project, then called the National New Technology Telescope (NNTT), was to be an 80/20 per cent collaboration with the Netherlands Organisation for the Advancement of Science. Site tests were made at
305:
at 13,425 feet (4,092 m). Its primary mirror is 15 metres (16.4 yards) across: it is the largest single-dish telescope that operates in submillimetre wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum (
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372:
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626:. SCUBA was a ground-breaking instrument, among the most high-impact astronomy instruments from 1997-2003; it was retired from service in 2005, and is now in the
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618:(SCUBA). This instrument operated simultaneously at wavelengths of 450 and 850 micron (with 91 and 37 pixels, respectively), and was sensitive to the
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647:, and was made available for general astronomical observations in February, 2012. Two ancillary instruments, FTS-2 and POL-2, add spectroscopic and
501:, Hawaii. From 1987 until March 2013 the telescope was funded by a partnership of the United Kingdom (55 per cent), Canada (25 per cent), and the
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The final specifications called for the "world's largest telescope optimised for submillimetre wavelengths". It was to be a parabolic 15-metre
450:
254:
477:, allegedly because special clearance was needed to transport the explosives through the canal. The captain then delivered the explosives to
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679:("Big-Eyes"), referring to big-eyed fish that swim in Hawaiian waters at night. This receiver can operate at 86, 230, and 345 GHz.
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observations to be made. The spectral-line mapping capabilities of the JCMT have been greatly enhanced by the commissioning in 2006 of
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get a court order to give up the board, and the ship was subsequently boarded and the captain arrested at gunpoint by the
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638:
SCUBA was succeeded by SCUBA-2, which was commissioned in 2011. This ground-breaking camera consists of large arrays of
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445:; and Mauna Kea was chosen. The NNTT was to be larger and with more instruments than competing telescopes such as the
383:
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composed of 276 individually adjustable panels with a surface accuracy of better than 50 μm. It would be an
722:
W.S. Holland et al., SCUBA: a common-user submillimetre camera operating on the James Clerk
Maxwell Telescope,
405:. The JCMT was also involved in the discovery of phosphine, a potential biomarker, in the atmosphere of Venus.
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The JCMT started operations in 1987, and was funded until
February 2015 by a partnership between the
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486:. The telescope saw first light in 1987. The name for the final facility was changed to the
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762:"Event Horizon Telescope Captures First Image of Black Hole | Astronomy | Sci-News.com"
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982:"That First Black Hole Seen in an Image Is Now Called Pōwehi, at Least in Hawaii"
956:"James Clark Maxwell Telescope - 86, 230 and 345 GHz Bands – Namakanui Overview"
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The primary mirror seen from behind, showing the construction from many panels
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in other galaxies and gives astronomers clues to the presence, distance, and
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386:. This success was important driving the construction of the later
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Greaves, Jane S.; Richards, A.M.S.; Bains, W (14 September 2020).
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355:. In March 2015 the operation of the JCMT was taken over by the
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In the late 1960s, the
Astronomy Committee of the UK's Science
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spectrometer, ACSIS. One of the heterodyne receivers is named
851:"Scientists find gas linked to life in atmosphere of Venus"
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Slicing the
Universe with HARP/ACSIS - A New Look at Orion
724:
Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters
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observations, which produced the first direct image of a
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Academia Sinica
Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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gradients across astronomical objects (because of the
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568:Spectral-line observations can be used to identify
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1158:Buildings and structures in Hawaii County, Hawaii
397:In recent years the JCMT has also taken part in
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871:
600:The Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array
8:
30:
787:"Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus"
382:next to it to form the first submillimetre
369:Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
365:National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
361:National Astronomical Observatory of China
301:, US. The telescope is near the summit of
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616:Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array
614:receiver was replaced around 1995 by the
606:Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array
493:The telescope itself was operated by the
238:Location of James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
726:Volume 303 Issue 4, Pages 659–672, 2002
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744:"East Asian Observatory - Hilo, Hawaii"
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640:superconducting transition edge sensors
610:The older continuum single pixel UKT14
42:The JCMT sub-mm telescope in the centre
906:"Who Would Kidnap a Space Telescope?"
663:receivers, which allow submillimetre
7:
1138:Astronomical observatories in Hawaii
880:"History – A Personal Retrospective"
766:Breaking Science News | Sci-News.com
378:The telescope was combined with the
980:Mele, Christopher (13 April 2019).
659:The JCMT is also equipped with two
313:). Scientists use it to study the
25:
849:Sample, Ian (14 September 2020).
557:dust emission is associated with
380:Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
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1103:
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732:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02111.x
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1163:Astronomy in the United Kingdom
878:Hills, Richard (January 2015).
576:, study their distribution and
553:other than our own. Within our
392:Atacama Large Millimeter Array
164:4,092 m (13,425 ft)
1:
551:evolution history of galaxies
359:. Funding is provided by the
283:James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
31:James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
27:Radio telescope in Hawaii, US
904:Koren, Marina (2021-03-12).
628:National Museum of Scotland
384:astronomical interferometer
348:and was named in honour of
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603:
521:The JCMT has two kinds of
821:10.1038/s41550-020-1174-4
651:capabilities to SCUBA-2.
344:. It was operated by the
260:
247:
216:
35:
1143:Submillimetre telescopes
417:(SRC, the forerunner of
394:(ALMA) interferometers.
291:submillimetre-wavelength
255:Related media on Commons
704:Submillimetre astronomy
655:Spectral line detectors
399:Event Horizon Telescope
101:Mauna Kea Observatories
83:Event Horizon Telescope
960:East Asian Observatory
884:East Asian Observatory
699:SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey
689:Far infrared astronomy
645:SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey
601:
518:
495:Joint Astronomy Centre
357:East Asian Observatory
350:mathematical physicist
346:Joint Astronomy Centre
278:
48:Alternative names
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516:
295:Mauna Kea Observatory
276:
570:particular molecules
534:heterodyne detection
466:Cassegrain telescope
174:Telescope style
1153:James Clerk Maxwell
1012:JCMT homepage (new)
930:"SCUBA-2 News Blog"
813:2021NatAs...5..655G
488:James Clerk Maxwell
388:Submillimeter Array
353:James Clerk Maxwell
293:radio telescope at
277:Scale model of JCMT
140:19.8228°N 155.477°W
136: /
65:James Clerk Maxwell
32:
987:The New York Times
602:
580:and determine gas
543:Continuum emission
519:
435:Pinaleno Mountains
279:
748:eaobservatory.org
624:interstellar dust
559:stellar nurseries
319:interstellar dust
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145:19.8228; -155.477
16:(Redirected from
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462:altitude-azimuth
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415:Research Council
264:edit on Wikidata
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910:The Atlantic
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860:16 September
858:. Retrieved
855:The Guardian
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832:. Retrieved
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649:polarimetric
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475:Panama Canal
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331:
315:Solar System
307:far-infrared
286:
282:
280:
1086:Outer space
1074:Spaceflight
539:receivers.
523:instruments
503:Netherlands
490:Telescope.
484:Coast Guard
375:of Taiwan.
342:Netherlands
143: /
131:155°28′37″W
119:Coordinates
97:Location(s)
1132:Categories
915:2021-10-06
889:4 February
804:2009.06593
771:2019-04-10
710:References
661:heterodyne
555:own galaxy
403:black hole
371:, and the
340:, and the
128:19°49′22″N
1110:Education
1050:Astronomy
829:221655755
677:Namakanui
612:bolometer
578:chemistry
530:continuum
527:broadband
427:Mauna Kea
311:microwave
303:Mauna Kea
105:Mauna Kea
993:14 April
965:14 April
683:See also
582:velocity
464:mounted
390:and the
327:galaxies
161:Altitude
1122:Science
1024:Portals
809:Bibcode
634:SCUBA-2
479:Ecuador
458:antenna
439:Arizona
409:History
289:) is a
192:Website
79:Part of
1038:Hawaii
827:
433:, the
431:Hawaii
338:Canada
299:Hawaii
248:
180:
113:Hawaii
85:
67:
1062:Stars
825:S2CID
799:arXiv
622:from
592:SCUBA
443:Chile
262:[
203:/jcmt
51:JCMT
995:2019
967:2019
943:HARP
891:2021
862:2020
836:2020
669:HARP
561:and
499:Hilo
449:and
419:STFC
336:and
321:and
287:JCMT
281:The
201:.org
18:JCMT
817:doi
728:doi
588:).
572:in
451:SMT
447:CSO
437:in
429:in
323:gas
309:to
297:in
197:www
1134::
984:.
958:.
908:.
882:.
870:^
853:.
823:.
815:.
807:.
793:.
789:.
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525::
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423:μm
367:,
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317:,
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893:.
864:.
838:.
819::
811::
801::
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774:.
750:.
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285:(
266:]
205:/
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
