204:
walls, and offered to surrender. In stark contrast to the leniency Jawhar had shown to Fustat, Ibn Fallah imposed humiliating terms on
Damascus, demanding that the women come out and let their hair down in the dust. During the takeover of the city, the Kutama pillaged the markets and clashed with the populace for three days, after which Ibn Fallah executed several prominent citizens. This quietened the situation for the time being, and Ibn Fallah secured Damascus by erecting a citadel in the city, but it left a legacy of hatred towards the Fatimids and their Berber troops in the city.
215:
against the
Byzantines. Futuh assembled a large army of Kutama, strengthened with levies from Palestine and southern Syria, and moved to besiege Antioch in December 970. The city resisted with success, and although Ibn Fallah sent reinforcements, they were unable to take it. In spring, a Byzantine
265:
tribe, and the Uqayli followers of Zalim. Unwisely, Ibn Fallah chose to confront them in the open desert, where he was defeated and killed in battle in August 971. Muhammad ibn Asuda cut off his head in revenge at the death of his brother, who had been among the
Damascene notables executed by Ibn
203:
Ibn Abi Ya'la and a certain
Muhammad ibn Asuda. The Damascene militia drove off the first detachments of the Fatimid army that appeared before the city walls, but as soon as Ibn Fallah himself with the bulk of his force appeared before the city in November, they were driven back behind the city
199:, Shamul, surrendered himself to the Fatimids. After Ibn Fallah's Kutama soldiers mistreated and robbed a delegation of leading citizens, the Damascenes resolved to resist and set up a government of their own, under the
232:
a year in exchange for peace. The
Qarmatians mounted a major retaliatory expedition that involved a broad coalition of the region's powers: not only were the Qarmatians of Syria aided by their co-religionists of
116:
troops quickly crossed it and massacred the
Ikhshidid troops. Ja'far ibn Fallah was instrumental in this success: he not only led the Fatimid troops that crossed the river, but also, according to
147:" threat as a major item in their propaganda aimed towards the newly conquered region, along with promises to restore just government. Jawhar therefore sent Ja'far ibn Fallah to invade
731:
228:, and urged them to attack the Fatimids. The Qarmatians were all the more responsive because the Fatimids had stopped the Ikhshidid practice of paying them a tribute of some 300,000
273:. The Fatimids were victorious in a battle before Fustat, however, and eventually managed to drive the Qarmatians out of Syria and restore their control over the restive province.
706:
701:
220:
a detachment of the
Fatimid troops, forcing the Fatimids to raise the siege and withdraw. At the same time, Ibn Fallah faced an invasion by the
721:
635:
224:. The Damascene leader Muhammad ibn Asuda, along with the Uqayli chieftain Zalim ibn Mawhub, had sought refuge with the Qarmatians of the
716:
711:
295:
155:
280:
also became a senior
Fatimid commander, serving from the late 970s until the late 990s, as did his brother Ibrahim. Another brother,
611:
566:
270:
64:
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The Rise of the
Fatimids: The World of the Mediterranean and the Middle East in the Fourth Century of the Hijra, Tenth Century CE
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587:
281:
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87:
217:
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This defeat led to the near total collapse of
Fatimid control in southern Syria and Palestine, and the
696:
627:
The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century
148:
143:
and aiming to legitimize their rule, the Fatimids used the Byzantine advance on Antioch and the "
97:
rulers. The only resistance was offered by the regiments of the Ikhshidid army barricaded on the
675:
654:
631:
607:
583:
562:
83:
79:
40:
645:
Lev, Yaacov (1979). "The Fāṭimid Conquest of Egypt — Military Political and Social Aspects".
554:
550:
284:, also became a senior commander at the turn of the 11th century, and was honoured with the
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allies. Fatik was killed through treachery, while Ibn Fallah used other Bedouin tribes, the
128:
56:
726:
621:
20:
666:
Walker, Paul E. (1972). "A Byzantine victory over the Fatimids at Alexandretta (971)".
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690:
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163:
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44:
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120:, captured the boats used to do this from a fleet sent by Ikhshidid loyalists from
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Almost as soon as Damascus submitted, Ibn Fallah entrusted one of his
606:. Translated by Ethel Broido. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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110:
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was repulsed, and he lost his life in June 971 fighting against the
195:. At the news of these events, the Ikhshidid-appointed governor of
286:
254:
238:
159:
139:
48:
559:
The Cambridge History of Egypt, Volume 1: Islamic Egypt, 640–1517
192:
106:
582:. The Medieval Mediterranean. Vol. 30. Leiden: BRILL.
561:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 86–119.
151:, where the remnants of the Ikhshidids were holding out.
326:
324:
322:
154:
Ibn Fallah defeated and captured the Ikhshidid governor
211:, named Futuh ("Victories"), to carry out the promised
668:
Byzantion: Revue internationale des études byzantines
555:"Autonomous Egypt from Ibn Ṭūlūn to Kāfūr, 868–969"
294:("Axis of the Realm") for his services against
732:10th-century people from the Fatimid Caliphate
43:. He led the first Fatimid attempt to conquer
8:
257:. They were also joined by former Ikhshidid
313:
510:
330:
306:
166:, on 24 May 970. He then moved against
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237:, but they also received aid from the
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462:
438:
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366:
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127:At the same time, further north, the
7:
630:(Second ed.). Harlow: Longman.
707:Military personnel killed in action
534:
522:
498:
474:
426:
402:
354:
191:, to drive the Uqayl north towards
24:
296:Mufarrij ibn Daghfal ibn al-Jarrah
156:al-Hasan ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Tughj
14:
702:Generals of the Fatimid Caliphate
78:In summer 969, the troops of the
603:A History of Palestine, 634–1099
1:
722:Fatimid governors of Damascus
137:. Seized with the spirit of
39:tribe in the service of the
557:. In Petry, Carl F. (ed.).
271:Qarmatian invasion of Egypt
748:
717:10th-century Syrian people
712:10th-century Berber people
109:was low and the Fatimids'
537:, pp. 367, 383–385.
489:, pp. 314–315, 346.
647:Israel Oriental Studies
576:Brett, Michael (2001).
82:, under the command of
47:in 970–971, capturing
674:. Brussels: 431–440.
261:, the Bedouin of the
164:province of Palestine
162:, the capital of the
513:, pp. 323, 328.
55:, but his attack on
465:, pp. 313–314.
453:, pp. 431–439.
417:, pp. 312–313.
405:, pp. 336–337.
381:, pp. 311–312.
369:, pp. 295–308.
345:, pp. 297–304.
501:, pp. 339ff..
101:near the capital,
637:978-0-582-40525-7
551:Bianquis, Thierry
298:and his Bedouin.
84:Jawhar al-Siqilli
80:Fatimid Caliphate
41:Fatimid Caliphate
17:Ja'far ibn Fallah
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35:general of the
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545:
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525:, p. 344.
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477:, p. 339.
467:
455:
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441:, p. 313.
431:
429:, p. 338.
419:
407:
395:
393:, p. 312.
383:
371:
359:
357:, p. 319.
347:
335:
333:, p. 318.
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316:, p. 138.
305:
303:
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176:Fatik and his
170:, held by the
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2:
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622:Kennedy, Hugh
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511:Kennedy 2004
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247:Izz al-Dawla
216:relief army
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126:
77:
28:
25:جعفر بن فلاح
16:
15:
653:: 315–328.
451:Walker 1972
230:gold dinars
189:Banu Fazara
122:Lower Egypt
697:971 deaths
691:Categories
598:Gil, Moshe
589:9004117415
487:Brett 2001
463:Brett 2001
439:Brett 2001
415:Brett 2001
391:Brett 2001
379:Brett 2001
367:Brett 2001
343:Brett 2001
302:References
263:Banu Kilab
249:, and the
222:Qarmatians
185:Banu Murra
178:Banu Uqayl
118:al-Maqrizi
105:, but the
68:Qarmatians
680:0378-2506
659:0334-4401
600:(1997) .
251:Hamdanids
241:ruler of
158:and took
149:Palestine
95:Ikhshidid
93:from its
88:conquered
74:Biography
57:Byzantine
29:ibn Falah
624:(2004).
553:(1998).
535:Gil 1997
523:Gil 1997
499:Gil 1997
475:Gil 1997
427:Gil 1997
403:Gil 1997
355:Lev 1979
278:Sulayman
276:His son
266:Fallah.
218:defeated
197:Damascus
187:and the
168:Tiberias
132:captured
65:invading
53:Damascus
544:Sources
259:ghulams
243:Baghdad
235:Bahrayn
209:ghulams
201:Abbasid
181:Bedouin
145:infidel
135:Antioch
61:Antioch
727:Kutama
678:
657:
634:
610:
586:
565:
173:ghulam
114:Berber
111:Kutama
103:Fustat
59:-held
37:Kutama
33:Berber
31:was a
21:Arabic
287:laqab
255:Mosul
239:Buyid
213:jihad
160:Ramla
140:jihad
91:Egypt
49:Ramla
45:Syria
27:) or
676:ISSN
655:ISSN
632:ISBN
608:ISBN
584:ISBN
563:ISBN
193:Homs
107:Nile
51:and
290:of
282:Ali
253:of
124:.
693::
672:42
670:.
649:.
321:^
245:,
86:,
70:.
23::
682:.
661:.
651:9
640:.
616:.
592:.
571:.
19:(
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