470:
king would survive. Jagdev then decided to offer his life, but his wife insisted that their entire family offer their lives. First, they offered their first-born son to the Fates. The Fates beheaded the boy, but impressed with the family's loyalty to the king, they let the rest of the family go. The
Solanki king had secretly seen the entire episode. He was pleased with Jagdev's loyalty, and married one of his daughters to Jagdev. Virmati was satisfied with this arrangement, because multiple wives indicated the high status of a Rajput lord. According to this legend, Jagdev went back to Dhar after Udayadit's death and became the new Paramara king.
28:
195:
202:
183:(r. c. 1094-1133 CE). He then governed the southern part of the Paramara kingdom (northern parts of Berar and Deccan) until at least 1112 CE. Later, he lived at the Chalukya court at Vikramaditya's invitation. K. C. Jain disagrees with this theory, arguing that Jagaddeva and Lakshmadeva were two distinct princes.
469:
of Patan. They told him that the
Solanki king was about to die. Near them were four other women, who were laughing. They introduced themselves as the Fates of Delhi. Jagdev asked them if there was any way to save the king's life. They told him that if a highly ranked man offered his life instead, the
273:
and constructed the "Nimbaditya" temple "in this city". The inscription does not name the city, but it is possible that it refers to Jainad, where the inscription was found in a temple. Padmavati is described as the queen of Arjuna, who was a member of the Dahima family. Arjuna is described as a
461:
Virmati's mother was the sister of the
Solanki king, and Jagdev hoped to find employment with him. Virmati went to the royal palace to seek the king's help, but she was trapped in a room by a woman named Jamoti, who had been paid by the governor's son Dungarsi to find a paramour for him. When
274:
subordinate and a favourite of the king
Udayaditya. The inscription also mentions Udayaditya's minister Lolarka as another member of the Dahima family. He is described a Shaivite who was loyal to Jagaddeva. Lolarka's father Gunaraja was also a favourite of Udayaditya.
449:
ruler of
Tuktoda was impressed with Jagdev's merits, and married his daughter Virmati to the Paramara prince. Jagdev left his father's kingdom because of harassment from the Vagheli queen and reached Tuktoda. From there, he and Virmati marched to
343:
The inscription mentions the word "Jayasimha" in this sentence. D. C. Ganguly interpreted the sentence to mean that
Jagaddeva's bravery was an "announcement of the valour of Jayasimha". He concluded that Jagaddeva may have fought against the
165:
of
Kalyani. Vikramaditya made him governor of Berar and a part of Deccan. P. C. Roy disagrees with this theory, arguing that a vassal could not have issued gold coins in his own name, and the coins do not mention the Chalukyas.
414:. He probably rebelled against the Chalukya king when the king transferred the control of this province to Prola II's father Beta II. He then attacked the Kakatiya capital Anumakonda, but Prola II repulsed him.
410:
quickly repulsed
Jagadeva's invasion of Anumakomda. As a Chalukya subordinate, Jagadeva governed the Sabbi-1000 province, which comprised the Sabbi-nadu region with 1000 villages, centered around
496:
According to another bardic tradition, some tribes in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent are descended from "Jagdev Parmar", that is, Jagadeva. During the reign of
Jagadeva's nephew
462:
Dungarsi came to the room, Virmati got him drunk and killed him. When the king learned about this incident, he praised
Virmati as an honourable woman and enlisted Jagdev in his service.
146:-Jagadeva" have also been discovered. Several scholars, including P. C. Roy, identify the issuer of these coins as the Paramara prince. M. H. Krishna surmised that the Chalukya king
150:
was known by the title "Jagaddeva" ("Lord of the world") in the northern part of his kingdom, and it was he who issued these coins. However, all the known Chalukya coins feature
179:(r. c. 1086-1094 CE), who according to Paramara inscriptions, was the successor of Udayaditya. According to Ganguly's theory, he abdicated the throne in favour of his brother
465:
One day, the Solanki king asked Jagdev to investigate some strange sounds he had been hearing. Jagdev found four wailing women, who introduced themselves as the
378:
disagreed with this theory, pointing out that Jagadeva's father Udayaditya is said to have destroyed the king of Dahala. The Dahala region was ruled by the
856:
736:
674:
604:
411:
360:
interprets the verse to mean that Jayasimha was an enemy of Jagaddeva. On basis of this, Trivedi identifies Jayasimha as the Chaulukya king
822:
27:
707:. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume VII: Inscriptions of the ParamÄras, ChandÄllas, KachchapaghÄtas, and two minor dynasties.
708:
497:
353:
175:
states that Jagadeva succeeded Udayaditya as the king. Therefore, D. C. Ganguly suggested that Jagadeva was another name for
102:
and some folk legends. His political status is uncertain, although according to one theory, he may have been a vassal of the
259:
from a sacrificial fire pit. Jagaddeva was born in this dynasty: his father and paternal uncle are named as Udayaditya and
215:
194:
504:
invaded Malwa. The bardic works state that Jagadeva's descendant Rai Shankar and some other Paramaras migrated to
912:
551:
371:
288:
429:
171:
42:
524:
village in present-day Haryana, from where the Tiwanas migrated to other places. Some of them converted from
441:(Chaulukya) wife. The king's favourite son and the heir apparent was Rindhaval, his son by another wife from
764:
395:
722:
379:
329:. According to him, "Malahara" is a variation of "Malaha" or "Malapa" (hill chiefs), and referred to a
455:
361:
244:(the sun deity) by one Padmavati. The inscription states that it was issued during Jagaddeva's rule.
131:
437:
legends. It names Jagdev Parmar (Jagadeva) as the son of king Udayadit of Dhar (Udayaditya) and his
481:
301:, and Jagaddeva may have led a Chalukya invasion against the Chola occupation of Andhra territory.
852:
818:
774:
732:
670:
664:
645:
600:
386:. According to H. V. Trivedi, the Kalachuri king may be identified as either Karna or his son
357:
298:
115:
846:
594:
878:. Directorate of Government Print., Stationery and Publications, Gujarat State. p. 110.
103:
95:
55:
114:
The coins and inscriptions from Jagadeva's period have been found in the northern parts of
731:. Vol. 4 (Part 1). Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. p. 493.
501:
473:
442:
438:
326:
308:
162:
811:
446:
151:
119:
906:
398:
during Yashah-Karna's reign, and might have been aided by Jagaddeva in this campaign.
375:
155:
574:
Political History of Northern India, from Jain Sources: (c. 650 A. D. to 1300 A. D.)
517:
383:
316:
147:
890:
873:
793:
768:
726:
702:
621:
572:
554:
traced their ancestry to "Jagdev Singh" (Jagadeva), who had migrated from Dhar.
512:
as a result of this invasion. Rai Shankar had three sons: Gheo (the ancestor of
451:
391:
387:
338:
237:
176:
123:
266:
Next, the record describes the military achievements of Jagaddeva (see below).
540:
330:
252:
180:
139:
65:
778:
509:
345:
256:
255:
myth, which states that the founder of the Paramara dynasty was created by
650:
The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review and Oriental and Colonial Record
158:
used by the Paramaras. Therefore, Krishna's theory is purely conjectural.
525:
407:
403:
311:; its ruler at that time was Someshvara of an obscure dynasty named Naga.
233:
75:
547:
529:
434:
349:
322:
270:
229:
50:
521:
505:
225:
135:
99:
341:, causing a flood of tears among the wives of the Gurjara warriors.
321:
Trivedi theorizes that this refers to the Chalukya invasion of the
848:
Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab Unionist Party and the Partition of India
533:
516:), Teo or Tenu (the ancestor of Tiwanas) and Seo (the ancestor of
513:
294:
260:
248:
241:
127:
543:
in present-day Gujarat also claimed descent from Jagdev Parmar.
466:
143:
98:
of central India. He is known from an inscription discovered at
269:
The rest of the inscription describes Padmavati, who resembled
161:
V. P. Rode theorizes that Jagadeva accepted the suzerainty of
319:, causing "acute pain in the heart of the chief of Malahara".
240:
basis. It records the construction of a temple dedicated to
773:. Hyderabad: Government of Andhra Pradesh. pp. 70ā76.
666:
Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D
454:(Patan), the capital of the Solanki king Sidh Raj Jesangh (
142:(reigned c. 1060ā1086). Four gold coins bearing the name "
293:
Historian H. V. Trivedi believes that this refers to the
892:
Himalayan principalities in Jammu, Kangra, and Bhadarwah
488:, an Indian silent film based on the legend, in 1923.
247:
The inscription begins with verses praising Surya and
236:
language, and has been dated to the 11th century on a
402:
The 19 January 1163 CE Anumakomda inscription of the
577:. Sohanlal Jaindharma Pracharak Samiti. p. 108.
307:Chakradurga can be identified with the present-day
71:
61:
49:
37:
20:
810:
652:. Oriental University Institute. pp. 400ā409.
725:(1957). "The Kalacuris". In R. S. Sharma (ed.).
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
138:names Jagaddeva as the son of the Paramara king
728:A Comprehensive history of India: A.D. 985-1206
394:is known to have invaded the Kalachuri capital
228:inscription was found on the floor of a temple
427:One legend about Jagadeva is mentioned in the
282:The Jainad inscriptions states that Jagadeva:
809:Rajadhyaksha, Ashish; Willemen, Paul (1999).
751:
232:. It was composed by the poet Ashvatthama in
8:
639:
637:
635:
633:
588:
586:
584:
356:. However, a later translation appearing in
305:"Uprooted in sport" the king of Chakradurga.
126:, not the traditional Paramara territory of
94:, was an 11th-12th century prince from the
26:
17:
851:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 13ā14.
599:. Abhinav Publications. pp. 66ā68.
406:ruler Rudra-deva states that his father
875:Gujarat State Gazetteers: Surendranagar
563:
154:, while coins of Jagaddeva feature the
704:Inscriptions of the ParamÄras (Part 2)
130:. These regions were dominated by the
520:). Teo's descendants established the
382:, so Mirashi identifies Karna as the
352:, as part of the Paramara army under
7:
669:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 358.
646:"The Rajput Legend of Jagdev Parmar"
219:Location of Jainad in modern India
14:
701:Harihar Vitthal Trivedi (1991).
626:. Geetha Book House. p. 86.
571:Gulab Chandra Choudhary (1964).
480:(1869) is based on this legend.
370:Ganguly identified Karna as the
200:
193:
620:A. V. Narasimha Murthy (1975).
333:to which the Hoysalas belonged.
134:. An inscription discovered at
813:Encyclopaedia of Indian cinema
798:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 18.
709:Archaeological Survey of India
423:Legend of Virmati and Jagadeva
201:
1:
596:The Coinage of Northern India
110:Ancestry and political status
550:principality in present-day
546:The Ambaraian rulers of the
325:kingdom, which was ruled by
663:Kailash Chand Jain (1972).
169:A legendary account in the
929:
817:. British Film Institute.
767:(1978). N. Ramesan (ed.).
500:(r. c. 1133-1142 CE), the
770:The KÄkatiyas of Warangal
41:Virmati (as mentioned in
25:
872:Gujarat (India) (1977).
792:RameÅa Ma Åukla (1988).
536:in the later centuries.
368:Subdued the king Karna.
251:. It then mentions the
32:A gold coin of Jagadeva
895:. Jay Kay. p. 22.
623:The Coins of Karnataka
390:. Jaggadeva's brother
315:Successfully invaded
287:Defeated the king of
456:Jayasimha Siddharaja
384:Kalachuri king Karna
372:Chaulukya king Karna
362:Jayasimha Siddharaja
216:class=notpageimage|
132:Chalukyas of Kalyani
889:P. K. Kaul (1993).
845:Ian Talbot (2013).
541:Muli princely state
482:Shree Nath Patankar
337:Fought against the
752:P.V.P. Sastry 1978
644:A. Rogers (1893).
593:P. C. Roy (1980).
539:The rulers of the
433:, a collection of
348:(Solanki) king of
187:Jainad inscription
858:978-1-136-79036-2
754:, pp. 74ā75.
738:978-81-7007-121-1
711:. pp. 93ā97.
676:978-81-208-0824-9
606:978-81-7017-122-5
552:Jammu and Kashmir
358:Epigraphia Indica
104:Western Chalukyas
81:
80:
920:
913:Paramara dynasty
897:
896:
886:
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879:
869:
863:
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842:
836:
835:
833:
831:
816:
806:
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755:
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719:
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681:
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641:
628:
627:
617:
611:
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590:
579:
578:
568:
204:
203:
197:
96:Paramara dynasty
86:, also known as
30:
18:
928:
927:
923:
922:
921:
919:
918:
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631:
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607:
592:
591:
582:
570:
569:
565:
560:
502:Delhi Sultanate
494:
425:
420:
309:Bastar district
280:
278:Military career
238:palaeographical
222:
221:
220:
218:
212:
211:
210:
209:
205:
189:
163:Vikramaditya VI
112:
33:
12:
11:
5:
926:
924:
916:
915:
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881:
864:
857:
837:
823:
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493:
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424:
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419:
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399:
365:
334:
312:
302:
279:
276:
263:respectively.
214:
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207:
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185:
152:Kannada script
111:
108:
79:
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53:
47:
46:
39:
35:
34:
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23:
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13:
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3:
2:
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826:
824:9780851706696
820:
815:
814:
805:
802:
797:
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785:
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
765:P.V.P. Sastry
760:
757:
753:
748:
745:
740:
734:
730:
729:
724:
723:V. V. Mirashi
718:
715:
710:
706:
705:
697:
695:
693:
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689:
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683:
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672:
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549:
544:
542:
537:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
492:Other legends
491:
489:
487:
486:Sati Veermata
483:
479:
475:
471:
468:
463:
459:
457:
453:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:
422:
417:
415:
413:
409:
405:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
376:V. V. Mirashi
373:
369:
366:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
335:
332:
328:
324:
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231:
227:
217:
196:
186:
184:
182:
178:
174:
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167:
164:
159:
157:
156:Nagari script
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
109:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:Jagdev Parmar
89:
85:
77:
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70:
67:
64:
60:
57:
54:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
29:
24:
19:
16:
891:
884:
874:
867:
847:
840:
828:. Retrieved
812:
804:
794:
787:
769:
759:
747:
727:
717:
703:
665:
658:
649:
622:
615:
595:
573:
566:
545:
538:
495:
485:
477:
472:
464:
460:
445:family. The
428:
426:
401:
388:Yashah-Karna
367:
336:
314:
304:
286:
281:
268:
265:
246:
224:The undated
223:
170:
168:
160:
113:
91:
87:
83:
82:
15:
498:Yashovarman
392:Lakshmadeva
354:Jayasimha I
317:Dorasamudra
299:Rajaraja II
177:Lakshmadeva
124:Maharashtra
122:regions of
558:References
412:Vemulavada
380:Kalachuris
331:hill tribe
253:Agnivansha
181:Naravarman
148:Someshvara
140:Udayaditya
120:Marathwada
66:Udayaditya
830:12 August
779:252341228
510:Rajputana
452:Anhilvara
346:Chaulukya
257:Vashistha
88:Jagaddeva
907:Category
795:Navalram
526:Hinduism
478:Veermati
476:'s play
474:Navalram
435:Gujarati
430:Ras-Mala
408:Prola II
404:Kakatiya
339:Gurjaras
234:Sanskrit
172:Ras-Mala
84:Jagadeva
76:Hinduism
72:Religion
56:Paramara
43:Ras-Mala
21:Jagadeva
548:Akhnoor
530:Sikhism
443:Vagheli
439:Solanki
418:Legends
396:Tripuri
350:Gujarat
327:Ballala
323:Hoysala
271:Lakshmi
230:mandapa
51:Dynasty
855:
821:
777:
735:
673:
603:
522:Mataur
514:Ghebas
506:Punjab
447:Chavda
374:, but
289:Andhra
226:Jainad
208:Jainad
136:Jainad
100:Jainad
62:Father
38:Spouse
534:Islam
518:Sials
484:made
467:Fates
297:king
295:Chola
261:Bhoja
249:Shiva
242:Surya
128:Malwa
116:Berar
853:ISBN
832:2012
819:ISBN
775:OCLC
733:ISBN
671:ISBN
601:ISBN
532:and
508:via
144:Shri
118:and
528:to
458:).
90:or
909::
685:^
648:.
632:^
583:^
106:.
861:.
834:.
781:.
741:.
679:.
609:.
364:.
291:.
45:)
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