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County, Virginia (of which
Winchester is the county seat). The Supreme Court decision in Martin v. Hunter's Lessee in 1816 affirmed the Marshall brothers' purchase of the Fairfax lands, and thus allowed them to remove squatters and resell the land they had cleared. This made the Marshalls wealthy, and in the 1820 census, Marshall owned 39 slaves in Frederick County. The then made Fauquier County his main residence, and owned 47 slaves in the 1830 census. In the final census of his lifetime, after making provision for his children, he owned 32 slaves in Fauquier County.
547:
214:
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Marshall would buy out
Lighthorse Harry Lee and thus had a double share of the northern neck propriety lands, and would build a house he called "Happy Creek" on them, although it would burn down long before the American Civil war. In the 1810 federal census, Marshall owned 27 slaves in Frederick
475:
Marshall on his own behalf as well as that of his brother John, Raleigh
Colston and Lighthorse Harry Lee negotiated for the purchase of 180,000 acres of land in northern and western Virginia known as the Fairfax propriety estate, which would become the subject of much litigation in Virginia and
358:
and his own imprisonment for debt from 1798-1801. Nonetheless, the couple remained married until her death in 1816. She accompanied him to Europe on the diplomatic/commercial tour discussed below, and delivered two of their children aboard
American ships near England, and several more on solid
354:, an English-born merchant in Philadelphia who helped finance the Continental forces during the American Revolutionary War (hence sometimes called the "financier of the American Revolution"), but who suffered severe financial reverses as a result of his land speculations, which led to the
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Following the war, in 1785, Marshall moved to
Kentucky with his father and many siblings, since soldiers received land claims as bounty, and his father had become surveyor for Fayette County. Marshall also emulated his eldest brother
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519:
confirmed the nomination on March 3, 1801, and
Marshall received his commission the same day. However, President Adams had already lost the election for a second term, so these nominations became controversial and the
322:. After his wartime service, move to what became the state of Kentucky with his father and most siblings, and marriage in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania discussed below, James Marshall returned to Virginia in 1795.
359:
American soil. Their children included: Robert Morris
Marshall (1797-1870), James Marshall Jr. (1802-1880), John Marshall (1804-1855), Henry Morris Marshall (1811-1896) and Susan Marshall Ambler (1812-1896).
412:, the Spanish minister at Washington, had been in communication with John Brown looking to the withdrawal of Kentucky from the United States, was bitterly denounced by James Brown, afterward minister to
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Marshall outlived his famous eldest brother by more than a decade, dying on April 26, 1848, in
Fauquier County, and is buried in the Marshall family cemetery in
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in the United States
Supreme Court (John Marshall abstaining) and received the considerable acreage in “Leeds Manor,” where their posterity continue to reside.
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342:, enlisting as a private and receiving a promotion to lieutenant. In the war's closing days, Marshall led a charge during the Siege of Yorktown.
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Following his resignation from the federal bench, Marshall resumed his private legal practice, this time at the gateway to the
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310:, Marshall was educated at home. Marshall was among the sixteen children of land surveyor and Revolutionary War Colonel,
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authorized him as minister plenipotentiary to become the agent of the United States to negotiate for the release of the
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532:. Marshall's brother also failed to deliver some of the commissions, which led to the famous Supreme Court case of
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400:(the part ceded by Virginia to create the new capital and which decades later returned to Virginia) until 1801.
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538:. Meanwhile, this Judge Marshall resigned and his federal judicial service terminated on November 16, 1803.
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Marshall bore a conspicuous part in the discussions concerning the “Spanish conspiracy.” His statement that
160:
416:, which led to a challenge from Marshall, but the duel was prevented after the parties reached the ground.
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376:. Admitted to the Virginia bar in 1788, Marshall began a private legal practice in
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1840 U.S. Federal Census for Leeds, Fauquier County, Virginia pp. 68-69 of 111
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1820 U.S. Federal Census for
Middletown, Frederick County, Virginia p. 5 of 11
565:. Thus, in addition to his agricultural operations, Marshall practiced law in
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1830 U.S. Federal Census for Fauquier County, Virginia pp. 147-148 of 152
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Hester Morris Marshall (right) and her sister Maria Morris, portrait by
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Judges of the United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia
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1810 U.S. Federal Census for Frederick County, Virginia p. 46 of 59
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following the inauguration of President Adams' opponent, President
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also served in the military before becoming a lawyer, planter and
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Marshall volunteered for the 1st Virginia Regiment, commanded by
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American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law
569:, Virginia and surrounding counties for the next four decades.
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from June 1, 1792). He moved to the new federal city (now the
753:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
278:(March 12, 1764 – April 26, 1848) was an American lawyer,
801:
United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia
505:
United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia
288:
United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia
37:
United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia
524:(a/k/a the "Midnight Judges Act") was repealed by the
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In 1795, Marshall married Hester Morris, daughter of
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United States federal judges appointed by John Adams
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476:federal courts before he and his brother John won
503:nominated Marshall on February 28, 1801, to the
320:Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
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775:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
684:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
782:
396:) and continued private legal practice in
282:soldier and planter who briefly served as
49:March 3, 1801 – November 16, 1803
20:
743:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
632:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
855:Continental Army officers from Virginia
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875:People from Fauquier County, Virginia
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507:, to a new seat authorized by 2
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865:Marshall family (political family)
769:"Marshall, Thomas (planter)"
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870:Lawyers from Alexandria, Virginia
678:"Marshall, Thomas, planter"
880:People from Winchester, Virginia
222:
212:
194:
793:Seat established by 2 Stat. 103
72:Seat established by 2 Stat. 103
1:
464:, who was then a prisoner in
845:19th-century American judges
840:18th-century American judges
237:1776–1783 (Continental Army)
885:Randolph family of Virginia
298:Born on March 12, 1764, in
284:United States circuit judge
911:
812:Nicholas Battalle Fitzhugh
561:as well as county seat of
340:American Revolutionary War
326:American Revolutionary War
264:American Revolutionary War
155:Marshall family cemetery,
84:Nicholas Battalle Fitzhugh
16:American judge (1764–1848)
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479:Martin v. Hunter's Lessee
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778:. New York: D. Appleton.
687:. New York: D. Appleton.
495:Federal judicial service
404:The "Spanish conspiracy"
294:Early life and education
748:Federal Judicial Center
746:, a publication of the
637:Federal Judicial Center
635:, a publication of the
578:Warren County, Virginia
161:Warren County, Virginia
738:James Markham Marshall
627:James Markham Marshall
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542:Later career and death
486:Land and slaveholdings
276:James Markham Marshall
103:James Markham Marshall
25:James Markham Marshall
549:
526:Judiciary Act of 1802
522:Judiciary Act of 1801
452:in France during the
420:European negotiations
410:Don Diego de Gardoqui
314:; his eldest brother
239:1798–1800 (U.S. Army)
234:Years of service
590:James Markham Ambler
517:United States Senate
462:Marquis de Lafayette
394:District of Columbia
382:District of Kentucky
338:in 1779 during the
555:
535:Marbury v. Madison
332:Alexander Hamilton
304:Colony of Virginia
250:(Continental Army)
248:Lieutenant colonel
228:United States Army
121:Colony of Virginia
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809:Succeeded by
559:Shenandoah Valley
458:George Washington
424:Marshall was the
280:Revolutionary War
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895:Virginia lawyers
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791:Preceded by
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185:Military service
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94:Personal details
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308:British America
300:Fauquier County
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786:Legal offices
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139:(aged 84)
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799:Judge of the
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356:Panic of 1796
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352:Robert Morris
346:Personal life
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456:. President
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260:Battles/wars
137:(1848-04-26)
79:Succeeded by
71:
55:Appointed by
44:
18:
835:1848 deaths
830:1764 births
574:Front Royal
255:(U.S. Army)
157:Front Royal
67:Preceded by
824:Categories
806:1801–1803
597:References
567:Winchester
501:John Adams
499:President
446:Charleston
426:commercial
398:Alexandria
388:(State of
190:Allegiance
109:1764-03-12
60:John Adams
764:Fiske, J.
673:Fiske, J.
471:While in
428:agent of
334:, of the
175:Education
45:In office
584:See also
434:New York
390:Kentucky
386:Virginia
374:read law
179:read law
146:Virginia
757::
740:at the
732:Sources
629:at the
473:England
466:Austria
286:of the
515:. The
511:
438:Boston
414:France
363:Career
199:
167:Spouse
509:Stat.
444:and
372:and
244:Rank
132:Died
99:Born
513:103
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772:.
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605:^
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107:(
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