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78:, where his family owned property. After his father died, which left five children, including James, and Neild's mother to be supported by carrying on business as a linendraper. After a brief education, Neild lived two years with an of his uncle, who was a farmer; then at the end of 1760, Neild obtained a situation with a jeweller in London, and was later employed by
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119:
A sermon by Weeden Butler in
February 1772 caused Neild to raise funds to secure the release of debtors. On the formation in May 1773 of a Society for the Relief and Discharge of Persons imprisoned for Small Debts, Neild was appointed treasurer, and remained associated with the society for the rest
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in 1804, and a magistrate in several areas. In the latter half of 1809, during a four months' excursion in
England and Scotland, he was presented with the freedom of Glasgow, Perth, Paisley, Inverness, and Ayr. He lived at 4 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, where he died on 16 February 1814.
120:
of his life. In his capacity of treasurer he visited prisons in and about London, and made weekly reports. Fifteen months after the formation of the society 986 prisoners had been discharged, at a cost of a little less than £2,900.
158:
Account of
Persons confined for Debt in the various Prisons of England and Wales ... with their Provisionary Allowances during Confinement, as reported to the Society for the Discharge and Relief of Small
116:, the Chester dungeons, and before 1770 a number of prisons in northern France. The harsh treatment to which prisoners were subjected almost everywhere stirred him into activism.
170:
his "Prison
Remarks"; they were prefaced by Lettsom, and led to an awakening of public interest. They could also make the prison authorities defensive, as the prison visitor
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Neild kept a diary of his prison tours, and wrote to his friend, Dr. John
Coakley Lettsom, accounts of his experiences. Lettsom persuaded Neild to publish in the
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209:, the recluse and miser. His elder son William was disinherited and went abroad, in circumstances that affected Neild's posthumous reputation.
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161:. In the third edition, published in 1808, the results of further investigations in Scotland, as well as in England, were incorporated.
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at
Warwick, and his ill-health, combined with business interests, for a time interrupted his philanthropic work.
274:, Studies in Romanticism Vol. 3, No. 4 (Summer, 1964), pp. 240–251, at p. 250. Published by: Boston University.
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96:, and concentrated on philanthropy and campaigning; he worked especially in the field of prison reform.
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In 1770, a legacy from his farmer uncle enabled Neild to set up in business as a jeweller in London's
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In his early London days, when visiting in 1762 a fellow-apprentice who was confined for debt in the
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193:(1811), Neild's book helped to trigger parliamentary pressure for reform.
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89:. The venture proved a success, and in 1792 he retired on a fortune.
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108:, Neild felt the necessity of reforms. Subsequently he inspected
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In 1812, after inspecting a number of prisons, Neild published
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Neild married, in 1778, the eldest daughter of John Camden of
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42:(4 June 1744 – 16 February 1814) was an English jeweller and
19:
For the
English-Australian pathologist and journalist, see
46:. While he was supported by two particular friends,
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183:State of Prisons in England, Scotland and Wales
260:. Vol. 40. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
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350:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
317:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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54:, his efforts were distinct from those of
123:In 1779 Neild extended his inspection to
347:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
314:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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16:English jeweller and prison reformer
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759:19th-century English male writers
344:Forsythe, Bill. "Martin, Sarah".
58:, and the Quaker group including
739:High sheriffs of Buckinghamshire
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380:, Helm Information, 2003, p. 95.
311:Lee, Stephen M. "Neild, James".
257:Dictionary of National Biography
112:, the Derby prisons, Liverpool,
272:James Neild, Forgotten Reformer
145:High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire
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364:UK public library membership
331:UK public library membership
156:In 1800 Neild published his
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378:Companion to Little Dorrit
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698:Defunct prisons in London
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749:British prison reformers
82:, the king's goldsmith.
191:Punishments and Rewards
754:English businesspeople
432:Sir Francis Barrington
356:10.1093/ref:odnb/18211
323:10.1093/ref:odnb/19859
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734:People from Knutsford
31:
437:Bishop Edward Bonner
300:Cheyne Walk, Chelsea
251:"Neild, James"
167:Gentleman's Magazine
131:. In 1781 he caught
52:John Coakley Lettsom
270:Richard H. Condon,
106:King's Bench Prison
487:John Baptist Grano
70:Neild was born in
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21:James Edward Neild
744:British reformers
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376:Philpotts, Trey.
362:(Subscription or
329:(Subscription or
207:John Camden Neild
87:St James's Street
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633:James Oglethorpe
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677:(TV series)
643:James Neild
638:John Howard
542:John Selden
477:John Gerard
447:Richard Cox
246:Lee, Sidney
56:John Howard
40:James Neild
719:Marshalsea
713:Categories
693:Marshalsea
686:Categories
512:Ben Jonson
472:John Eliot
418:Marshalsea
366:required.)
333:required.)
213:References
143:Neild was
139:Later life
133:gaol fever
66:Early life
626:Reformers
617:Workhouse
425:Prisoners
203:Battersea
174:found in
114:Bridewell
72:Knutsford
607:Poor Law
288:25599625
125:Flanders
76:Cheshire
159:Debtors
129:Germany
110:Newgate
669:(film)
585:Issues
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197:Family
284:JSTOR
152:Works
127:and
50:and
352:doi
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189:'s
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221:^
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23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
