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768:. The district had last supported a Republican for president in 1984, and by the mid-1990s most of its state legislators were Democrats. The district became even more Democratic after the 2000 census, in which it was renumbered the 2nd District. Additionally, his hometown of Davenport, which had anchored the district for decades, was drawn into the 1st District (previously the 2nd District). Leach seriously considered running against fellow Republican incumbent
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644:, which cited the Speaker for providing false information under oath to a House committee, Leach broke ranks with tradition and voted against his party's nominee for Speaker in the subsequent Congress. In one of the few occasions in the 20th century when any party division was recorded on the initial leadership organizing votes on the House floor, he voted for the former Republican leader,
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414:, Leach chaired the House Committee on Banking and Financial Services (1995–2001) and was a senior member of the House Committee on International Relations, serving as Chair of the committee's Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs (2001–2006). He also founded and served as co-chair of the Congressional Humanities Caucus. He lost his 2006 re-election bid to
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The second related to his success just before adjournment in passing H.R. 4411. Gambling interests opposed him during the election and contended the bill had passed without hearings. The bill had been subject to extensive hearings over several
Congresses, especially on the House side where both the
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of elections whereby small contributions could be matched by federal funds with accompanying limits on the amounts that could be spent in campaigns including the personal resources candidates could put in their own races. In his own campaigns, Leach did not accept donations from outside of Iowa.
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in the 1st
District primary. Had he done so, it was considered very likely that the reconfigured 2nd would have been taken by a Democrat. However, Leach opted to move to Iowa City in the reconfigured 2nd and won reelection two more times. Still, it was considered very likely that Leach would be
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held four days of hearings (all in the same week) on the causes and consequences of the failure. While federal taxpayer losses (approximately $ 70 million) associated with this particular S&L were not as large as with bigger institutions around the country, no S&L anywhere failed with a
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Leach was usually reelected without much difficulty (including an unopposed run in 1990). He remained very popular in the 1st even as his district turned increasingly
Democratic, especially from the 1990s onward. For most of his career, he represented the Democratic strongholds of Davenport,
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and has received decorations from two foreign governments. He is the recipient of the Wayne Morse
Integrity in Politics Award, the Woodrow Wilson Award from Johns Hopkins, the Adlai Stevenson Award from the United Nations Association, and the Edger Wayburn Award from the
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politics; a second in the early 1990s on reforming the United
Nations written for a national commission he legislatively established and later chaired; and the third issued when he was ranking minority member of the Banking Committee on the challenges of regulating
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of 1933, opening up competition among banks, securities companies and insurance companies. The Glass–Steagall Act prohibited a bank from offering investment, commercial banking, and insurance services. This act of deregulation has been cited as one reason for the
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789:. Loebsack had only qualified for the Democratic primary as a write-in candidate, and Leach was not on many Democratic target lists. However, Loebsack won by a narrow margin of approximately 6,000 votes, largely by running up an 8,395-vote margin in
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industry. Because criminal referrals had been lodged by a federal agency against
President Clinton, his wife, and their partners in a real estate venture for their role in the failure of a modest-sized Arkansas S&L, Leach as chair of the
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in 1991, Leach was one of six House
Republicans who voted against the authorization to use force against Iraq in 2002. Once the Congress committed to war, however, he held that it would be folly to assume it could be funded with tax cuts and
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was unfit to serve another term, and "To that end, we are firmly convinced that it is in the best interest of our nation that Vice
President Joe Biden be elected as the next President of the United States, and we will vote for him."
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496:. In 1969, he was an assistant to Rumsfeld, who had left his Congressional seat to become Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity in the Nixon administration. While in the Foreign Service, he was a delegate to the
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1711:"A 'Scandal' That's More Snooze Than News : Politics: The reviews are in – the public and the pundits have pronounced the Whitewater hearings a dud. And that's just what the Democrats wanted to hear"
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715:, also known as the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act, Pub. L. No. 106–102, 113 Stat. 1338 (November 12, 1999), is an Act of the United States Congress which repealed part of the
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699:, the Whitewater independent counsel, and even more so when Starr chose subsequently to refer certain of them to the Congress. But in what he described as a close judgment call, Leach voted for the
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In conjunction with a
Democratic tide which swept Eastern Iowa and across the U.S. in the 2006 election, there were two factors seen as what led to Leach's defeat: his refusal to allow the
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1692:"Leach Urges Keeping Focus in Whitewater: Inquiry: GOP's chief critic of Clinton in controversy says too much is made of White House aides' phone calls. He says their anger was 'natural.'"
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In the end, the independent counsel brought more than 50 criminal convictions related to the failed S&L, including cases against
Clinton's successor as Governor of Arkansas,
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As a member of the minority for his first nine terms, he became known for the development of three reports – one in the 1980s calling for a more progressive approach to
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that he had changed his registration to Democratic ahead of the June primary, citing his switch as a rebuke of the national party and their response to the
535:), where he came to be a leader of a small band of moderate Republicans. He chaired two national organizations dedicated to moderate Republican causes: the
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1871:"Testimony of Sheila C Bair before the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection Subcommittee"
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committees had shared jurisdiction. Leach argued that Internet gambling weakened the economy and jeopardized the social fabric of the family.
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to distribute leaflets that were seen as anti-gay, attacking Loebsack for his views on gay marriage, and his refusal to take out-of-state and
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2387:"President Obama Announces Intent to Nominate former GOP Congressman Jim Leach as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities"
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1156:"President Obama Announces Intent to Nominate former GOP Congressman Jim Leach as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities"
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2041:"Does this sound like your congressperson? If you live in Berkeley, Oakland, or San Francisco – well, sure. But if you're from Iowa..."
554:. As chair of the Arms Control and Foreign Policy Caucus, he pressed for a Comprehensive Test Ban and led the first House debate on a
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Leach then taught at Princeton and served on the board of several public companies and four non-profit organizations, including the
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During his 15 terms in Congress, Leach's voting record was generally conservative on fiscal issues, moderate on social matters, and
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1323:""Jim Leach Rally, Bettendorf, Iowa, October 21, 1976" of the Frances K. Pullen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library"
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In 2020, Leach, along with over 130 other former Republican national security officials, signed a statement that asserted that
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and the Republican Mainstream Committee. He also served as president of the largest international association of legislators –
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Leach did not think that the crimes surrounding the failure of the Whitewater-tied S&L should have been considered in an
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policy of the 1980s. He pushed for full funding of U.S. obligations to the United Nations, supported U.S. re-entry into
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After returning to Iowa to head a family business, Leach was elected in 1976 to Congress (defeating two-term
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1287:"111th Congress Report HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1st Session 111-31 JAMES A. LEACH UNITED STATES COURTHOUSE"
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1988:
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648:, and received two votes himself, causing Leach to take a distant third in the contest for Speaker of the
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1840:"The Repeal of the Glass-Stegall Act and the "Subprime Mortgage Crisis": is Deregulation to be blamed?"
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but also opposed public funding of abortion, receiving an overall 30% rating from the Pro-Choice group
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667:. In the 1980s he had objected to political misjudgments that lengthened and deepened losses in the
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This article is about the American politician and academic. For other persons of the same name, see
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2232:"Introducing a Distinguished Public Servant and Hall of Fame Wrestler: NEH Chairman James A. Leach"
1962:
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June 21, 2007 speech by Leach on US foreign policy to the Iowa City Foreign Relations Council, MP3
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served as emissaries for President-elect Obama at the international economic summit being held in
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1796:"Los Angeles Times Interview: James Leach : Viewing Whitewater as a Matter of Public Ethics"
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1341:"Los Angeles Times Interview: James Leach : Viewing Whitewater as a Matter of Public Ethics"
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urging the President to nominate Leach for the post. However, the nomination instead went to the
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and he was slated to begin teaching there as a visiting professor of law in the spring of 2014.
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in 1964 with an A.B. in politics after completing a senior thesis titled "The Right to Revolt:
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On August 1, 2013, Jim Leach began serving a three-year term as public affairs chair at the
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728:. In this regard in 2009 and since, Gramm–Leach has been considered in part a target of the
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350:(born October 15, 1942) is an American academic and former politician. He served as ninth
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1192:"A former 30-year Republican Iowa Congressman is endorsing Democrats in 2022. Here's why"
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championship at the 138-pound weight class for Davenport High School. He graduated from
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2003:"Official Results Report – Statewide Election : 2006 General Election-11-07-2006"
2002:
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2021:"Freshmen Rep. Loebsack Tries to Build His Rapport With Congressional Constituents"
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as Ambassador to the United Nations. On December 8, 2006, Leach's House colleagues
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Leach supported campaign reform and pressed unsuccessfully for a system of partial
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and Princeton with his wife Elisabeth (Deba), son Gallagher, and daughter Jenny.
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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Iowa
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1083:"Rocco Landesman Confirmed as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts"
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2149:"Jim Leach nominee for chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities"
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In 2006, Leach was defeated in a considerable upset by Democratic opponent
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Leach, after poll results came in, greeting the press on election night in
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1549:"Jim Leach on Abortion Former Republican Representative (IA-2, 1977–2007)"
640:
In the wake of a 1996 Ethics Committee probe of then Speaker of the House
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2153:
1886:"Glass-Steagall, Dodd-Frank and The Volcker Rule: A Primer and Resources"
972:
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After his defeat, Leach's name was floated as a potential replacement to
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higher percentage of losses relative to assets than the one in Arkansas.
574:
381:. He also served as the interim director of the Institute of Politics at
1563:"Former Iowa congressman Jim Leach has harsh words for today's politics"
601:
Portrait of Jim Leach, 2002, collection of U.S. House of Representatives
428:
In 2022, Leach broke with the Republicans and registered as a Democrat.
2218:"James Leach to visit UNI as part of Reaching for Higher Ground series"
1606:"Financial Derivatives: Actions needed to protect the financial system"
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566:, and opposed U.S. withdrawal from the compulsory jurisdiction of the
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563:
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597:
516:, and the independent counsel investigating the Watergate break-in,
1635:"Jim Leach Becomes National Endowment for the Humanities Chairman"
995:
President Obama announced his nomination of Leach to be the ninth
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On September 17, 2007, Leach was named as Interim Director of the
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Chairs of the United States House Committee on Financial Services
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975:, on the night of August 25, 2008. He was introduced by Senator
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On August 12, 2008, Leach broke party ranks to endorse Democrat
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1481:"Jim Leach: An Iowa Republican carves a life in public service"
1031:
the previous year. Leach also stated that he wanted to support
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and played a leading role in the House's investigation of the
425:, a notable piece of banking legislation of the 20th century.
373:
Visiting Professor of Public and International Affairs at the
4854:
Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies alumni
883:. A three-sport athlete in college, Leach was elected to the
1057:
List of U.S. political appointments that crossed party lines
1003:
in June 2009. The appointment was confirmed in August 2009.
691:
framework. Like many in Congress, he was surprised that the
558:. He objected to military unilateralism as reflected in the
2234:. indianauniversity.edu. September 21, 2010. Archived from
504:. In 1973, Leach resigned his commission in protest of the
2411:"Local News - Iowa City Press Citizen - press-citizen.com"
2192:. Jim Leach. Archived from the original on August 1, 2013.
2176:"Obama taps Woodrow Wilson School's Leach '64 to lead NEH"
1035:, a Democratic candidate (and ultimately the nominee) for
4834:
Chairpersons of the National Endowment for the Humanities
2436:"Former Republican National Security Officials for Biden"
1232:
The Right to Revolt: John Locke Contrasted with Karl Marx
734:
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
2062:
707:
Gramm–Leach–Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act
456:." While a student at Princeton, Leach was a member of
1039:
that year in the primary; he also endorsed Democratic
982:
On November 14 and 15, 2008, Leach and former Clinton
582:
he was one of three Republican congressmen (alongside
1763:"First Whitewater hearing achieves its goal: boredom"
1263:. dailyprincetonian.com. June 3, 2009. Archived from
724:, which in turn is cited as a prime component of the
472:
in 1966. He later did further Soviet research at the
410:(numbered as the 1st District from 1977 to 2003). In
2473:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
1985:"Archer concedes to Loebsack in Iowa's 2nd District"
1668:"Senior Democrats back full hearing into Whitewater"
914:
left to pursue a U.S. Senate seat in New Hampshire.
389:
from September 17, 2007, to September 1, 2008, when
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Chairs of the National Endowment for the Humanities
2313:"Surprise GOP Speaker at Dem Convention: Jim Leach"
2258:"Arthur J. Holland Program on Ethics in Government"
1412:"Key Republican rules out trying to topple Clinton"
396:Previously, Leach served 30 years (1977–2007) as a
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2672:Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities
2362:"Obama Sending Albright, Leach to Economic Summit"
1987:. thegazette.com. November 6, 2006. Archived from
605:Leach supported abortion rights except during the
63:Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities
2106:"House lawmakers promote colleague for U.N. post"
1857:"Parsons Blames Glass-Steagall Repeal for Crisis"
1653:"Background: The Re-Election of Speaker Gingrich"
1499:"House lawmakers promote colleague for U.N. post"
1021:In 2022, Leach revealed in an interview with the
1958:"Banks Don't Need to Gamble With Taxpayer Money"
1131:"GOP's Leach Picked to Run Humanities Endowment"
1604:Report to Congressional Requesters (May 1994).
1730:"How the White House Lost Its Big Bank Battle"
1103:"NEH Chairman Jim Leach Announces Resignation"
695:chose to refer certain sex-related charges to
3200:
2948:
2760:
1908:"Volcker's Quest To Reinstate Glass-Steagall"
1814:"The Overlooked Culprit in the Credit Crisis"
1414:. articles.baltimoresun.com. January 8, 1994.
1185:
1183:
8:
703:that related to felonious lying under oath.
652:behind Gingrich and the Democratic nominee,
590:) to vote against the 2003 extension of the
27:American politician and academic (born 1942)
4884:United States Department of State officials
1633:Trescott, Jacqueline (September 24, 2009).
1392:"THE 'GYPSY MOTHS' FOLLOW THEIR OWN LIGHTS"
1073:
1071:
935:Leach speaks during the first night of the
684:, and his business partners in Whitewater.
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2494:
1301:"Iowa: Second District Rep. Jim Leach (R)"
885:National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
861:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
358:from 2009 to 2013 and was a member of the
198:January 3, 1977 – January 3, 2007
128:January 4, 1995 – January 3, 2001
49:
38:
4889:United Nations General Assembly officials
2120:"The List: Who Will Replace John Bolton?"
1565:. siouxcityjournal.com. October 26, 2012.
773:succeeded by a Democrat once he retired.
480:, the foremost expert on Soviet affairs.
2716:Order of precedence of the United States
836:(R-New York) sent a letter to President
75:August 7, 2009 – April 23, 2013
2360:Goldman, Julianna (November 12, 2008).
2122:. foreignpolicy.com. November 20, 2006.
2019:Gensheimer, Lydia (December 20, 2006).
1930:"Volcker Fails to Sell a Bank Strategy"
1906:Indiviglio, Daniel (October 21, 2009).
1873:. banking.senate.gov. December 7, 2011.
1591:"Leach talks super PACs at St. Ambrose"
1579:. chicagotribune.com. January 29, 1997.
1105:. National Endowment for the Humanities
1067:
2260:. eagleton.rutgers.edu. Archived from
2195:
1535:"Final vote results for roll call 182"
1124:
1122:
1120:
1029:January 6 United States Capitol attack
492:, he was a staffer for then U.S. Rep.
402:United States House of Representatives
1928:Uchitelle, Louis (October 20, 2009).
1129:Trescott, Jacqueline (June 3, 2009).
1001:National Endowment for the Humanities
356:National Endowment for the Humanities
7:
1728:Nash, Nathaniel C. (July 12, 1987).
893:International Wrestling Hall of Fame
659:Leach was a top critic of President
3218:'s delegation(s) to the 95th–109th
2311:Akers, Mary Ann (August 24, 2008).
2084:Wheaton, Sarah (December 4, 2006).
1777:"Caught in the Whitewater Quagmire"
1511:. November 14, 2006. Archived from
1261:"Obama taps Leach '64 to chair NEH"
965:2008 Democratic National Convention
937:2008 Democratic National Convention
785:, a political science professor at
2577:House Financial Services Committee
2549:House Financial Services Committee
2284:"JAMES 'JIM' A. LEACH'S BIOGRAPHY"
2108:. usatoday.com. November 14, 2006.
2008:. sos.iowa.gov. November 21, 2006.
1956:Vasey, Roger M. (April 17, 2012).
1765:. baltimoresun.com. July 27, 1994.
1458:"Why the US should support UNESCO"
921:National Governing Board in 2007.
541:Parliamentarians for Global Action
393:was appointed permanent director.
116:House Financial Services Committee
25:
4829:21st-century American politicians
2610:Iowa's 2nd congressional district
2521:Iowa's 1st congressional district
2134:"Khalilzad to be new US UN envoy"
1884:Feeney, Lauren (March 16, 2012).
1666:Wines, Michael (March 22, 1994).
1460:. csmonitor.com. December 4, 2000
1037:Iowa's 1st congressional district
407:Iowa's 2nd congressional district
4864:Politicians from Iowa City, Iowa
4859:Politicians from Davenport, Iowa
3173:
2343:"Democratic convention schedule"
1859:. bloomberg.com. April 19, 2012.
1845:. denison.edu. February 8, 2010.
842:United States Ambassador to Iraq
2300:. cbsnews.com. August 13, 2008.
1794:Ross, Michael (April 3, 1994).
1709:Risen, James (August 2, 1994).
1537:. clerk.house.gov. May 9, 2003.
1446:. bloomberg.com. July 15, 2023.
1339:Ross, Michael (April 3, 1994).
1307:. June 28, 2005. Archived from
1247:"Arena Profile: James A. Leach"
1190:Watson, Sarah (July 27, 2022).
961:2008 U.S. presidential election
4844:Harvard Kennedy School faculty
2178:. princeton.edu. June 4, 2009.
2147:Lee, Carol E. (June 3, 2009).
1593:. qconline.com. June 16, 2012.
1479:Fox, Tom (December 15, 2011).
568:International Court of Justice
1:
2499:U.S. House of Representatives
2136:. bbc.co.uk. January 8, 2006.
2043:berkeley.edu. March 12, 2009.
1577:"Odds Against Finance Reform"
798:Republican National Committee
573:While he supported the first
524:U.S. House of Representatives
498:Geneva Disarmament Conference
490:United States Foreign Service
360:U.S. House of Representatives
2440:Defending Democracy Together
2086:"Looking Outward: Jim Leach"
865:Council on Foreign Relations
512:fired his Attorney General,
32:James Leach (disambiguation)
4869:Princeton University alumni
2736:as Former US Representative
2721:as Former US Representative
2708:as Former US Representative
2395:. June 3, 2009 – via
2190:"clintonschoolspeakers.com"
1655:. pbs.org. January 7, 1997.
613:. Leach was a supporter of
421:. Leach sponsored the 1999
4915:
1428:. acfr.org. Archived from
1426:"Honorable James A. Leach"
1289:. gpo.gov. March 10, 2009.
802:political action committee
726:2007–2008 financial crisis
474:London School of Economics
29:
3229:
3171:
2970:
2920:
2782:
2726:
2713:
2698:
2690:
2678:
2669:
2659:
2654:
2644:
2634:
2626:
2616:
2601:
2593:
2583:
2573:
2565:
2555:
2545:
2537:
2527:
2512:
2504:
2497:
2468:"Jim Leach (id: L000169)"
2202:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1816:. usc.edu. Archived from
871:of Princeton University.
867:and formerly served as a
820:Post-congressional career
476:, where he studied under
440:, and won the 1960 state
341:
253:
191:
121:
68:
57:
48:
3220:United States Congresses
2692:U.S. order of precedence
2605:House of Representatives
2516:House of Representatives
2466:United States Congress.
1328:. fordlibrarymuseum.gov.
863:. He is a member of the
722:subprime mortgage crisis
470:Johns Hopkins University
432:Early life and education
348:James Albert Smith Leach
331:Johns Hopkins University
267:James Albert Smith Leach
4839:Episcopalians from Iowa
2415:Iowa City Press Citizen
2298:"Republicans For Obama"
955:over fellow Republican
674:House Banking Committee
506:Saturday Night Massacre
4894:Whitewater controversy
4879:The Century Foundation
3223:(ordered by seniority)
2638:Joint China Commission
2547:Ranking Member of the
1219:. Site has no content.
948:
917:He was elected to the
910:after former director
908:Harvard Kennedy School
756:
713:Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act
701:article of impeachment
602:
488:Prior to entering the
423:Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act
383:Harvard Kennedy School
2065:on September 29, 2006
1991:on February 20, 2013.
1229:Leach, James (1964).
934:
904:Institute of Politics
793:, home to Iowa City.
747:
600:
502:U.N. General Assembly
375:Woodrow Wilson School
1311:on October 23, 2012.
1215:gbhofinductions_03,
889:Stillwater, Oklahoma
857:Kettering Foundation
446:Princeton University
379:Princeton University
322:Princeton University
2655:Government offices
2317:The Washington Post
2264:on January 17, 2011
1963:Wall Street Journal
1820:on October 29, 2013
1515:on October 11, 2008
1400:. November 1, 1981.
1305:nationaljournal.com
1217:wrestlingmuseum.org
1196:The Quad-City Times
732:within the overall
460:. He then earned a
2349:. August 25, 2008.
2091:The New York Times
2026:The New York Times
1783:. August 28, 1995.
1781:washingtonpost.com
1734:The New York Times
1690:(March 28, 1994).
1673:The New York Times
1639:washingtonpost.com
1551:. ontheissues.org.
1485:washingtonpost.com
1432:on August 1, 2013.
1397:The New York Times
1378:washingtonpost.com
1374:"Jim A. Leach (R)"
1081:(August 7, 2009).
1033:Christina Bohannan
1008:University of Iowa
987:Madeleine Albright
984:Secretary of State
979:, a fellow Iowan.
963:. He spoke at the
949:
874:Leach holds eight
853:Century Foundation
810:Financial Services
757:
717:Glass–Steagall Act
693:Justice Department
665:Whitewater scandal
615:stem cell research
603:
436:Leach was born in
387:Harvard University
108:William Drea Adams
4811:
4810:
4806:
4805:
3182:
3181:
2930:
2929:
2925:indicates acting.
2743:
2742:
2739:
2727:Succeeded by
2711:
2679:Succeeded by
2645:Succeeded by
2617:Succeeded by
2584:Succeeded by
2556:Succeeded by
2528:Succeeded by
2442:. August 20, 2020
2397:National Archives
2238:on March 28, 2013
1800:Los Angeles Times
1715:Los Angeles Times
1696:Los Angeles Times
1345:Los Angeles Times
1267:on August 9, 2009
1174:National Archives
924:Leach resides in
592:Bush-era tax cuts
514:Elliot Richardson
345:
344:
139:Henry B. Gonzalez
16:(Redirected from
4906:
4794:
4785:
4776:
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3322:
3315:C. Grassley
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2769:
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2755:
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2733:
2722:
2705:
2699:Preceded by
2682:Carole M. Watson
2663:Carole M. Watson
2660:Preceded by
2627:Preceded by
2594:Preceded by
2566:Preceded by
2538:Preceded by
2508:Edward Mezvinsky
2505:Preceded by
2495:
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2328:
2319:. Archived from
2308:
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2294:
2288:
2287:
2286:. votesmart.org.
2280:
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2096:
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2081:
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2061:. Archived from
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2016:
2010:
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2007:
1999:
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1981:
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1509:Associated Press
1495:
1489:
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1469:
1467:
1465:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1444:"James A. Leach"
1440:
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1126:
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1099:
1093:
1092:
1075:
991:Washington, D.C.
876:honorary degrees
846:Zalmay Khalilzad
669:savings and loan
630:Central American
622:public financing
581:
533:Edward Mezvinsky
478:Leonard Schapiro
452:Contrasted with
409:
371:John L. Weinberg
280:
277:October 15, 1942
276:
274:
258:Personal details
245:
237:
217:
209:Edward Mezvinsky
205:
196:
184:
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135:
126:
104:
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2384:
2380:
2370:
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2359:
2358:
2354:
2341:
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2336:
2326:
2324:
2323:on May 19, 2011
2310:
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2018:
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2013:
2005:
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1996:
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1982:
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1968:
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1955:
1954:
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1316:
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1254:
1249:. politico.com.
1245:
1244:
1240:
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1135:Washington Post
1128:
1127:
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1108:
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1101:
1100:
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1079:Pogrebin, Robin
1077:
1076:
1069:
1065:
1053:
1045:Michael Franken
1024:Quad-City Times
1015:President Trump
832:(D-Oregon) and
830:Earl Blumenauer
822:
787:Cornell College
779:
742:
709:
607:third trimester
579:
526:
494:Donald Rumsfeld
486:
438:Davenport, Iowa
434:
405:
404:, representing
329:
301:
294:Political party
281:
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179:Representatives
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133:
127:
122:
102:
90:
74:
69:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4912:
4910:
4902:
4901:
4899:Iowa Democrats
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
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3378:
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3368:
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3349:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3327:
3324:T. Harkin
3318:
3309:
3306:M. Blouin
3300:
3297:B. Bedell
3291:
3281:
3274:
3272:
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2603:Member of the
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2392:whitehouse.gov
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1164:. June 3, 2009
1161:whitehouse.gov
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912:Jeanne Shaheen
897:Waterloo, Iowa
838:George W. Bush
821:
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791:Johnson County
778:
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708:
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682:Jim Guy Tucker
650:105th Congress
584:Michael Castle
556:nuclear freeze
552:foreign policy
525:
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466:Soviet studies
462:Master of Arts
433:
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369:Leach was the
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777:2006 election
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4269:J. Lightfoot
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4069:J. Lightfoot
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2444:. Retrieved
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2369:. Retrieved
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2327:January 30,
2268:January 31,
2242:January 31,
2160:January 30,
1824:January 30,
1747:October 19,
1688:Devroy, Ann
1618:October 19,
1464:January 30,
1271:January 30,
1041:U.S. Senate
957:John McCain
881:Sierra Club
826:John Bolton
689:impeachment
635:derivatives
560:Iran-Contra
548:progressive
246:(2003–2007)
238:(1977–2003)
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2642:2003–2005
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2614:2003–2007
2597:Jim Nussle
2587:Mike Oxley
2581:1995–2001
2553:1993–1995
2531:Jim Nussle
2525:1977–2003
2446:August 26,
2220:. uni.edu.
2059:thomas.gov
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1063:References
977:Tom Harkin
891:, and the
770:Jim Nussle
646:Bob Michel
464:degree in
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398:Republican
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298:Democratic
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580:therefore
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