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Yankee Sullivan

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314:, a native New Yorker of Dutch heritage, at a fine restaurant at the corner of New York's Broadway and Park Place, early in 1849. Sullivan had planned to meet him there for a brawl, possibly for publicity, but according to most newspapers of the day, with the clear intent of doing him harm. Hyer was reported to have won the brief encounter, and then loaded a pistol to protect himself from Sullivan's soon to arrive supporters. They arrived shortly after, but the police intervened and prevented any bloodshed. Sullivan had acted as a second to Country McClosky in his recent loss to Hyer, and had hoped to avenge McClosky by defeating Hyer. According to one source, Sullivan was a bit of a ruffian and petty criminal when he was boxing in London during his early fighting days, and was sent to a British penal colony in Australia to serve time. His battle with Hyer was more than a prize fight. It was a statement by two warring factions in New York, in short "a proxy battle between anti-immigrant nativists represented by Hyer and his 442:. In the earlier rounds, Morrissey clearly took the more severe beating, particularly to his left eye which was nearly closed by the seventh round. In the 37th, Morrissey lifted Sullivan, with his arm around his neck, slightly off the floor against the ropes, when onlookers rushed into the ring in protest. Once onlookers had rushed into the ring, the fight broke down into a brawl involving Sullivan and both fighters' seconds. The referee later declared Morrissey the winner, partly because he refrained from the spectator brawl at the end of the 37th round, though many disputed the referee's decision, believing Sullivan had clearly led the fighting. Morrissey's injuries seemed severe enough that several newspapers outside of the New York area mistakenly reported he had died from them, though he recovered fully in time. 349:, and other sources Hyer had nearly a four inch height advantage, and as much as a thirty pound advantage in weight over Sullivan, a disparity that would likely have prevented their being matched today. Hyer's advantage in reach gave him another important edge in the fight. On 7 February 1849, Hyer finally defeated Sullivan in a scorching battle that commenced around 4:00 pm. The match went 16 rounds at Still Pond Creek, a cold and snowy outdoor arena on the East Maryland shore, ten miles below Poole's Island where the fight was originally planned. The close betting gave the edge to Sullivan, 100 to 89. Despite his being the smaller man, Sullivan was undefeated in eight fights, primarily in Australia and England, and had claimed the Middleweight championship of England. 369:, but when this failed, Hyer's superior reach and height allowed him to dominate Sullivan. Several accounts do report that Sullivan attempted to throw Hyer in the early match with some success, and credited him with the first three. As the fight progressed, Sullivan was down in the fourth and again in the sixth, but arose. Within 17 minutes of the start of the bout, Sullivan was badly hurt, and had had his right eye lanced to prevent it from swelling shut. By the thirteenth round, Sullivan was flagging badly, taking almost two blows to each one he weakly delivered to Hyer. Sullivan's right arm was wrenched in the 15th. 497:; 2 May 1910. "John Morrissey's Fight With 'Yankee' Sullivan. Prize Fighter, Adventurer, Politician—Began in a Paper Mill, and Made Millions. Elected to Congress in 1866—Never Beaten in a Fair Fight During Career. From the New York Herald. As the first period in the history of the prize ring ends with 'Tom' Johnson and the second with 'Tom' Spring, so the third closes with the brief championship of 'Tom' King. From the sixties on the ring became less and less an exclusively British institution, the influence of America, and later Australasia, changing conditions and traditions." 285:, the corrupt political machine. He was sentenced to two years in state prison for his involvement in the promotion of a fight between Christopher Lilly and Thomas McCoy, which resulted in the death of McCoy on 13 September 1842. He received a pardon after two months on the condition that two men put up two hundred dollars, and that he agree not to fight for two years. During his time in New York he was the owner of a saloon known as the Sawdust House on New York City's Division Street, within walking distance of Tom Hyer's bar on Park Row. 423: 322:, and represented by Sullivan and his followers." As noted by Chris Klein, "Boxing was closely involved with politics in America after the Civil War, and fighters forged close ties with corrupt urban political machines that relied on muscle (and often gangs) to help their candidates win elections". Opposing political factions often made up gangs and expressed their animosity using warfare in the streets, on occasion taking over balloting places to secure their candidates would win. 438:. Boston Corner was then in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, but out of reach of its authorities, and thus a good location for the illegal match. Sullivan was the dominant fighter for the first fifteen rounds but wore down as the fight progressed, and both fighters had taken punishment by the thirty seventh round. Preserving his strength, Sullivan was far more frequently the first to fall, usually intentionally, to end rounds, which was entirely legal by 334:, where the fight was originally intended to take place, but the boxers moved the bout East to Still Pond heights. Though 300 souls had first steamed to Pooles' to observe the fight, only 200 or so spectators were said to attend the bout, as others may have been frightened of arrest by the Maryland militia, as a cornerman for Sullivan and George Thompson, the trainer for Hyer had earlier spent a brief stay in jail after being arrested on Poole's Island. 358: 338: 303: 376:, writing the day after the fight, once Sullivan was exhausted, Hyer caught his head under his arm before he could fall in the 15th, and punched him repeatedly. This attack ended the bout, and Sullivan could not return for the 16th. Several telegraphed reports received the day after the fight as well as the detailed written account by the reliable 400:. After the bout, Sullivan was taken to Mt. Hope Hospital where he was treated for his injured arm, badly blackened eyes and a slight skull fracture, but released the following day. The fight lasted 17 minutes, 18 seconds and Hyer won an exceptionally large $ 10,000 purse in a battle that he dominated. Much of the way back from 489:; 30 June 1856. "Yankee Sullivan No More. Yankee Sullivan has gone to his last account. His last round is fought. His name passes away from among the ranks of the active 'Fancy.' Like many of the 'fighting men,' Sullivan had enough in him to make a smart man; but as it was, he was smart and shrewd only in a bad way." 467:
Sullivan was buried at Mission Dolores Cemetery near the southwest corner of 16th Street and Dolores Street in San Francisco on 31 May 1856. He left a wife and child in California, and another wife in New York. Initially buried in an unmarked grave, a grave marker was erected by Tom Malloy two years
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Sullivan defeated Robert Caunt, one of his best known opponents, in eight rounds and twelve minutes at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia. The full contract for the fight between Sullivan and Hyer was signed by both parties on 7 August 1848 at New York's Ford's tavern, though the fight did not take place
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seized power in the city. On 25 May 1856, the Vigilance Committee arrested Sullivan. A trial was held and Sullivan was sentenced to deportation. While in jail he confessed his involvement in ballot box tampering. After four days in jail, he was found with his wrist slit, apparently having committed
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did not make mention of Hyer holding Sullivan around the head, but did accurately note that the fight ended after Hyer threw Sullivan to the ground at the end of the 15th and fell on top of him. When Hyer stood up, it was clear, Sullivan could not continue. Sullivan, unable to rise at the end, had
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Sullivan later moved to California, where he found employment as a "shoulder striker" guarding ballot boxes to deter supporters of candidates other than his employer from casting their vote. He was the guard over a ballot box that was tampered with, resulting in the election of James P. Casey to a
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to New York, Hyer was greeted and cheered by large crowds that lined the streets of cities and towns, for parades of victory. This was a widely publicized boxing match at the time and helped to ignite the sport's popularity, despite the bout being illegal in Maryland, and clearly a brutal affair.
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On 2 February 1841, Sullivan defeated Hammer Lane in Crookham Common for the Middleweight Championship of England in a nineteen round bout, taking 34 minutes. After first arriving in America, Sullivan fought Vincent Hammond on 2 September 1841 at League Island near Philadelphia, winning in eight
392:, Hyer tore Sullivan's green and white silk banner that represented the colors of Ireland, from its stake by the ring and triumphantly displayed it to the crowd. Hyer's banner, was the American stars and stripes, in some ways representing his alliance with the mildly anti-immigrant 413:
Following his fight with Sullivan, Hyer temporarily retired to run his New York bar on Park Row and recover from his injuries. Sullivan claimed Hyer's status as a champion in 1851, though not all present day boxing historians recognize his reign as heavyweight champion.
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later. The headstone bears the inscription "Remember not, O Lord, our offenses, nor those of our parents. Neither take thou vengeance of our sins. Thou shalt bring forth my soul out of tribulation and in thy mercy thou shalt destroy mine enemies."
483:; 5 January 1877. "How The Commodore Whipped 'Yankee' Sullivan. Among the stories told about Commodore Vanderbilt is the following, related by an old and well known resident of Staten Island." 1112: 1142: 281:
After his arrival in America, in late 1841, Sullivan gained a reputation as both a prizefighter and a political enforcer, primarily for the Irish factions associated with
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Seeking to stop Sullivan and Hyer from fighting, George Richardson, the Attorney General of Maryland, where boxing was banned, sent two companies of state militia to
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vacated his title, he laid claim to it, though many modern boxing historians dispute his claim. He lost any claim to the title after losing a fight to
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or by other individuals who were worried about repercussions should Sullivan confess what he knew about corrupt political figures.
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Sullivan hoped to use what he believed to be an advantage in grappling, to weaken the larger Hyer by way of hard throws, legal in
1107: 456: 1132: 262:, becoming a prizefighter at an early age. After being sentenced to twenty years jail, he was sent to a penal colony in 278:
short rounds which took a total of only ten minutes. Many Irish communities began to take note of their new champion.
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Three accounts of Hyer catching Sullivan's head under his arm in "By Telegraph, The Fight",
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Sullivan taken to Mt. Hope Hospital in Corbett James, "Tom Hyer the First American Champ",
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For a purse of $ 2000, before a crowd of nearly 4,500, on 12 October 1853, Sullivan fought
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suicide, although reports suggested for years afterwards that he had been murdered by
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city office, despite Casey never appearing on the ballot. After Casey gunned down
655:"Seekins, Briggs, Tom Hyer vs. Yankee Sullivan; The First American Championship" 511: 380:
confirm this account and it appears to be accurate. Published years later, the
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Strong Man, The Life and Times of John L. Sullivan; America's First Sports Hero
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to serve his time. After serving eight years building roads, he was granted a
461: 30:"James Ambrose" redirects here. For the U.S. Under Secretary of the Army, see 17: 263: 361:
From Painting of Sullivan fight, 1849, Sullivan left, Chesapeake Bay behind
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Tore Sullivan's banner in "First American Heavy Champ was Undefeated",
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Various sources report his birth as 12 April 1813, or 12 April 1815.
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Sawdust House and fight with Vincent Hammond in "The Prize Fight",
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Only 200 attended in "First American Heavy Champ was Undefeated",
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After being declared the winner, and following the tradition of
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Death and Vigilante Committee in "Suicide of Yankee Sullivan",
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Sullivan opened a bar in "Tom Hyer the First American Champ",
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Hyer before Sullivan bout with flag sash, long left extended
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recorded the song "Fisticuffs" about Sullivan on their
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Held head with arm in the 16th in "The Brutal Fight",
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The Manly Art: Bare-Knuckle Prize Fighting in America
995:Suicide and Death in "Suicide of Yankee Sullivan", 618:Performing In America in 1841 in "Bowery Theatre", 198: 190: 180: 154: 144: 131: 114: 102: 84: 57: 41: 934: 893:"The Prize Fight Between Sullivan and Morrisey", 721:, Indianapolis, Indiana, pg. 49, 20 February 1910 858:, Binghamton, New York, pg. 17, 8 August 1923. 845:, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, pg. 2, 9 February 1849 767:, Binghamton, New York, pg. 17, 8 August 1923. 688:Fight with Robert Caunt in "The Prize Fight", 832:, New York, New York, pg. 2, 9 February 1849. 622:, New York, New York, pg. 3, 22 December 1841 8: 1113:Recipients of American gubernatorial pardons 923:, Richmond, Virginia, pg. 3, 17 October 1853 906:Crowd of 4,500 in "The $ 2000 Prize Fight", 897:, New York, New York, pg. 3, 14 October 1853 871:, Brooklyn, New York, pg. 5, 14 October 1905 819:, Brooklyn, New York, pg. 2, 9 February 1849 802:Detailed coverage of the Sullivan fight in 705:, New York, New York, pg. 1, 9 February 1849 692:, New York, New York, pg. 1, 9 February 1849 679:, Brooklyn, New York, pg. 5, 14 October 1905 780:, Elkton, Maryland, pg. 2, 10 February 1849 592: 590: 588: 586: 1038: 880:"Bowery King Carried Title to the Grave", 38: 1056:Heavyweight Bare-knuckle Boxing Champion 999:, New York, New York, pg. 6, 30 June 1856 986:, Brooklyn, New York, pg. 2, 30 June 1856 973:, Rocklin, California, pg. 3, 7 June 1856 884:, Wassau, Wisconsin, pg. 7, 9 August 1923 806:, New York, New York, 3 July 1880, pg 14. 793:, New York, New York, 3 July 1880, pg. 14 318:gang, and the Irish immigrants backed by 1143:Burials at Mission San Francisco de AsĂ­s 326:Maryland sends militia to stop the fight 910:, Ravena, Ohio, pg. 2, 19 October 1853 841:"The Fight Between Hyer and Sullivan", 717:"Hyer and Sullivan Old Time Fighters", 543: 750:Roberts, James, and Skutt, Alexander, 649: 647: 645: 643: 641: 563: 561: 559: 557: 555: 553: 551: 549: 547: 7: 1103:Irish emigrants to the United States 713: 711: 455:for exposing his criminal past, the 293:Championship bout vs. Tom Hyer, 1849 226:– 31 May 1856), also known as 1011:Life and battles of Yankee Sullivan 254:, Ireland, in 1811, but grew up in 150:Varies downward slightly in records 600:. Ken Zimmerman, Jr. 15 April 2019 250:James Ambrose was born in Bandon, 148:5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) 25: 1118:Suicides by hanging in California 396:, which was in alliance with the 385:to be carted off by his seconds. 270:and settled in the Rocks area of 598:"Tom Hyer Beats Yankee Sullivan" 457:San Francisco Vigilance Movement 409:Claiming heavyweight title, 1851 49: 1098:People from Bandon, County Cork 1014:. Philadelphia: A. Winch. 1854. 789:Height and weight disparity in 472:Selected coverage in newspapers 108:Settled in America by late 1841 353:Details of the fight with Hyer 1: 220: 1059:1851– 12 October 1853 1029:Cyberboxing: Yankee Sullivan 446:Move to California and death 804:The National Police Gazette 791:The National Police Gazette 1159: 137:160 lb (73 kg), 29: 1128:Irish bare-knuckle boxers 1093:19th-century Irish people 1061: 1054: 1046: 1041: 426:John Morrisey, circa 1860 298:Factions behind the fight 206: 186:* professional bouts only 173: 169: 124: 110:Never returned to England 96:San Francisco, California 48: 943:Cornell University Press 635:, pg. 1, 9 February 1849 289:until six months later. 160:Long reach, right handed 1108:Boxers from County Cork 440:London Prize Ring Rules 390:London Prize Ring Rules 367:London Prize Ring Rules 164:London Prize Ring Rules 933:Gorn, Elliott (1986). 919:"Death of Morrissey", 856:Press and Sun-Bulletin 765:Press and Sun-Bulletin 427: 362: 342: 307: 984:Brooklyn Evening Star 830:New York Daily Herald 719:The Indianapolis Star 703:New York Daily Herald 690:New York Daily Herald 633:New York Daily Herald 453:James King of William 425: 360: 340: 305: 908:The Portage Sentinel 882:Waussau Daily Herald 869:The Brooklyn Citizen 817:Brooklyn Daily Eagle 677:The Brooklyn Citizen 378:Brooklyn Daily Eagle 224: 10 March 1811 1133:Middleweight boxers 776:"The Prize Fight", 701:"The Prize Fight", 657:. M. 29 August 2015 571:. Cyber Boxing Zone 494:The Washington Post 418:Loss of title, 1853 843:Milwaukee Sentinel 503:In popular culture 487:The New York Times 480:The New York Times 428: 398:Know Nothing Party 374:Milwaukee Sentinel 363: 343: 308: 1123:Irish male boxers 1071: 1070: 1062:Succeeded by 971:The Placer Herald 921:Richmond Dispatch 740:978-0-7627-8152-2 569:"Yankee Sullivan" 372:According to the 345:According to the 306:Thomas Hyer, 1849 210: 209: 16:(Redirected from 1150: 1047:Preceded by 1039: 1016: 1015: 1006: 1000: 997:New York Tribune 993: 987: 982:"News Summary", 980: 974: 967: 961: 960: 940: 930: 924: 917: 911: 904: 898: 891: 885: 878: 872: 865: 859: 852: 846: 839: 833: 826: 820: 813: 807: 800: 794: 787: 781: 774: 768: 761: 755: 748: 742: 728: 722: 715: 706: 699: 693: 686: 680: 673: 667: 666: 664: 662: 651: 636: 629: 623: 620:The Evening Post 616: 610: 609: 607: 605: 594: 581: 580: 578: 576: 565: 225: 222: 134: 115:Other names 91: 71: 69: 53: 39: 32:James R. 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Index

James Ambrose
James R. Ambrose

County Cork
San Francisco, California
middleweight
London Prize Ring Rules
Tom Hyer
John Morrissey
County Cork
London
East End
Australia
ticket of leave
Sydney
Tammany Hall

Tom Hyer
Bowery Boys
Tammany Hall
Pooles Island


London Prize Ring Rules
London Prize Ring Rules
Whig Party
Know Nothing Party
Chesapeake Bay

John Morrissey

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