144:, where he spent five hard years, much of the time ill and always in unprofitable commercial business. Trade between Britain and America suffered as a result of the dissension between the two countries and he turned his attention to politics. Under the misleading pseudonym 'An Old Man' he published a series of articles in defence of the right of the mother country to tax her colonies. He was an outspoken man, and his views were unlikely to have enhanced his business prospects.
22:
379:
540:
200:
this day. After Burns's death, Currie was entrusted with the publication of an authoritative anthology. Although inexperienced in such a task, he had many advantages, including access through Mrs Dunlop to original manuscripts of poems and letters and help from
Gilbert Burns, Robert's brother, and several of Burns's friends. When
66:, England and after a few years was able to purchase a small estate in Dumfriesshire. He became a Fellow of the London Medical Society and was a founder member of the Liverpool Literary Society. He was an early advocate of the abolition of slavery and wrote several political letters and pamphlets, including one to
199:
Currie was an admirer of Burns's poetry and met him once in
Dumfries. One of his wife Lucy's relatives, Mrs Dunlop, was a close friend of the poet. Burns visited Mrs Dunlop at her home on five occasions and over a period of ten years they exchanged a great number of letters, 186 of which survive to
211:
The work remains an authoritative source, but not without criticism. It is claimed that Currie exaggerated Burns's fondness for drink and that he deliberately misdated some of Burns's letters to Mrs Dunlop. An eighth edition, published in 1820, included an additional section
191:, Claridge noted that "After all, the merit of settling the use of cold water on just a principle, belongs incontestably to our own countryman, Currie, whose work, published in 1797, upon the efficacy of water, may be considered the scientific base of Hydropathy".
363:
This branch made the transition from Corrie to Currie around the thirteenth century. Sir Walter de Corrie, governor of
Wigtown castle in 1291, is shown in some records as Corrie and as Currie in others. His son Walter is in most records shown with the surname
73:
Throughout his life, he was dogged by illness and in 1804 he became seriously unwell. In an effort to find a cure, he relinquished his
Liverpool practice and went to Bath, Clifton and finally Sidmouth, where he died on 31 August 1805 at age 49.
90:, Dumfriesshire, a son of the minister, the Reverend James Currie, and Jane, the only daughter of Robert Boyd, of Dumfries. The Curries were an old Scottish family, descended from the Curries of Dunse, Berwickshire, and originally from the
163:
Dr Currie used cold water treatments in the successful treatment of a contagious fever in
Liverpool "and in 1797 made public his views and experiences, with a list of cures effected by his measures". This pamphlet,
155:, but bought his freedom and made a second attempt to sail to England. He was captured again and this time he had to sail 150 miles in an open boat to gain his freedom. He reached Deptford, England, on 2 May 1777.
443:
Including an
Inquiry into the Circumstances that render Cold Drink, or the Cold Bath, Dangerous in Health, to which are added; Observations on the Nature of Fever; and on the effects of Opium, Alcohol, and
117:, a disease which recurred periodically throughout his life. He obtained his degree of M.D. in Glasgow and in 1780 settled in Liverpool, where he was appointed as one of the physicians at the infirmary.
204:
was published in four volumes in 1800, it met with immediate success and second, third and fourth editions were published in 1801–3. In addition to containing revised versions of Burns' songs such as "
440:
Currie, James (1805). "Medical
Reports, on the Effects of Water, Cold and Warm, as a remedy in Fever and Other Diseases, Whether applied to the Surface of the Body, or used Internally".
216:
by
Gilbert Burns. However, the publishers advised Gilbert not to impugn Currie's accuracy and the legend that Burns was an incurable alcoholic remained unchallenged.
55:
and his medical reports on the use of water in the treatment of fever. A watercolour portrait by Horace Hone (1756–1825) is in the
National Galleries of Scotland.
585:
575:
151:
ended any further chance of success and he sailed for home in the spring of 1776. The ship was captured by the revolutionary army. He was made to serve in the
168:(1797), had some influence in promoting the use of cold water affusion, and contains the first systematic record in English of clinical observations with the
399:
570:
244:
502:
394:
590:
140:
Attracted by the stories of prosperity in
America he went in 1771 to Virginia, at that time a British colony, settling as a merchant on the
544:
225:
87:
580:
120:
He married Lucy Wallace in 1783, with whom he had five children. Her father was a prosperous merchant, a descendant of
62:
was a failure and he returned to Scotland. After qualifying as a medical doctor he established a successful practice in
208:", it also contained an introductory criticism and an essay on the character and condition of the Scottish peasantry.
205:
67:
267:
202:
The Complete Poetical Works of Robert Burns: With Explanatory and Glossarial Notes; And a Life of the Author
188:
110:
32:
467:
184:
415:
499:
473:
Hydropathy; or The Cold Water Cure, as practiced by Vincent Priessnitz, at Graefenberg, Silesia, Austria
565:
560:
148:
83:
477:
447:. Vol. 1 (4th, Corrected and Enlarged ed.). London: T. Cadell and W. Davies. p. ii
335:
300:"Dr James Currie (1756–1805): Liverpool physician, campaigner, hydrotherapist and man of letters"
180:
166:
Medical Reports on the Effects of Water, Cold and Warm, as a Remedy in Fevers and Other Diseases
327:
319:
384:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
311:
286:
152:
506:
121:
114:
59:
48:
471:
441:
187:
and others. Yet while acknowledging the contributions of Currie's predecessors, such as
99:
98:, in Annandale, where his father had become Minister, and from age 13 he attended the
554:
390:
385:
106:
91:
36:
339:
176:
129:
52:
21:
169:
141:
526:, by John Dawson Ross, published 1898 by The Raeburn book company in New York
323:
315:
175:
In the 1840s, there was a strong revival of interest in cold water cures, or
95:
63:
524:
The Burns Almanac: A Record of Dates, Events, Etc., Connected with the Poet
331:
299:
172:. A fourth edition was published in July 1805, the month before his death.
539:
44:
40:
109:, described below, he returned in 1776 to Scotland to study medicine at
403:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 649.
420:. London: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co., Ltd. p. 7
20:
94:
of Annandale. James's first school was in the nearby parish of
51:
physician, best known for his anthology and biography of
245:
James Currie, 1756 – 1805. Physician and man of letters
113:. During his first year at university he contracted
58:
His early attempt to set up a merchanting business in
476:(3rd ed.). London: James Madden and Co. p.
417:Life of Vincent Priessnitz, Founder of Hydropathy
353:Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, section Currie
260:
258:
256:
254:
252:
214:Some Further Particulars of the Author's Life
8:
489:Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
457:Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
430:Full text at Internet Archive (archive.org)
519:
517:
515:
281:
279:
277:
275:
372:
370:
236:
102:in Dumfries, run by Dr George Chapman.
70:, which made him a number of enemies.
586:18th-century Scottish medical doctors
576:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
7:
498:'The Leopard Magazine' article on
14:
571:People from Dumfries and Galloway
538:
377:
226:List of abolitionist forerunners
16:Scottish physician (1756–1805)
1:
179:, following the promotion of
591:Fellows of the Royal Society
304:Journal of Medical Biography
243:Watercolour by Horace Hone
607:
414:Metcalfe, Richard (1898).
298:Halliday, Stephen (2006).
505:25 September 2010 at the
195:Anthology of Robert Burns
545:James Currie (physician)
316:10.1258/j.jmb.2006.04-18
206:The Battle of Sherramuir
400:Encyclopædia Britannica
265:The Burns Encyclopedia
185:Captain R. T. Claridge
26:
581:Scottish book editors
24:
547:at Wikimedia Commons
468:Claridge, Capt. R.T.
159:Medical publications
147:The outbreak of the
126:The Hero of Scotland
78:Family and education
43:– 31 August 1805 in
149:American Revolution
84:Kirkpatrick-Fleming
181:Vincent Priessnitz
105:After a period in
27:
543:Media related to
285:electricscotland
598:
542:
527:
521:
510:
496:
490:
488:
486:
484:
464:
458:
456:
454:
452:
437:
431:
429:
427:
425:
411:
405:
404:
383:
381:
380:
374:
365:
361:
355:
350:
344:
343:
295:
289:
283:
270:
262:
247:
241:
35:(31 May 1756 in
606:
605:
601:
600:
599:
597:
596:
595:
551:
550:
535:
530:
522:
513:
509:, December 2006
507:Wayback Machine
497:
493:
482:
480:
466:
465:
461:
450:
448:
439:
438:
434:
423:
421:
413:
412:
408:
393:, ed. (1911). "
389:
378:
376:
375:
368:
362:
358:
351:
347:
297:
296:
292:
284:
273:
268:Dr James Currie
263:
250:
242:
238:
234:
222:
197:
161:
138:
122:William Wallace
115:rheumatic fever
82:He was born in
80:
17:
12:
11:
5:
604:
602:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
553:
552:
549:
548:
534:
533:External links
531:
529:
528:
511:
491:
459:
432:
406:
391:Chisholm, Hugh
366:
356:
345:
290:
271:
248:
235:
233:
230:
229:
228:
221:
218:
196:
193:
183:'s methods by
160:
157:
137:
134:
100:grammar school
79:
76:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
603:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
556:
546:
541:
537:
536:
532:
525:
520:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
501:
495:
492:
479:
475:
474:
469:
463:
460:
446:
445:
436:
433:
419:
418:
410:
407:
402:
401:
396:
395:Currie, James
392:
387:
386:public domain
373:
371:
367:
360:
357:
354:
349:
346:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
294:
291:
288:
282:
280:
278:
276:
272:
269:
266:
261:
259:
257:
255:
253:
249:
246:
240:
237:
231:
227:
224:
223:
219:
217:
215:
209:
207:
203:
194:
192:
190:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
167:
158:
156:
154:
153:Colonial Army
150:
145:
143:
135:
133:
131:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
103:
101:
97:
93:
92:Corrie family
89:
85:
77:
75:
71:
69:
65:
61:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
37:Dumfriesshire
34:
31:
23:
19:
523:
494:
481:. Retrieved
472:
462:
449:. Retrieved
442:
435:
422:. Retrieved
416:
409:
398:
359:
352:
348:
310:(1): 36–41.
307:
303:
293:
264:
239:
213:
210:
201:
198:
174:
165:
162:
146:
139:
130:Walter Scott
125:
124:, nicknamed
119:
104:
81:
72:
68:William Pitt
57:
53:Robert Burns
30:James Currie
29:
28:
25:James Currie
18:
566:1805 deaths
561:1756 births
189:John Floyer
170:thermometer
142:James River
555:Categories
500:Mrs Dunlop
483:29 October
451:2 December
424:3 December
232:References
177:hydropathy
444:Inanition
324:0967-7720
111:Edinburgh
96:Middlebie
88:Annandale
64:Liverpool
503:Archived
470:(1842).
340:40918185
332:16435032
220:See also
136:Virginia
60:Virginia
49:Scottish
47:) was a
45:Sidmouth
41:Scotland
388::
364:Currie.
128:by Sir
107:America
382:
338:
330:
322:
287:Currie
336:S2CID
86:, in
485:2009
453:2009
426:2009
328:PMID
320:ISSN
397:".
312:doi
33:FRS
557::
514:^
478:38
369:^
334:.
326:.
318:.
308:14
306:.
302:.
274:^
251:^
132:.
39:,
487:.
455:.
428:.
342:.
314::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
