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most of his adult life, initiated into
Wasatch Lodge No. 1 Free and Accepted Masons of Utah, on April 18, 1911. A member of both the Scottish and York Rites, Penney was coroneted a 33rd Degree on October 16, 1945, and received the Gold Distinguished Service Award by the General Grand Chapter, Royal
303:
on how to wrap packages with a minimal amount of paper and ribbon. He remained chairman of the board until 1946, and after that, as honorary chairman until his death in 1971. Until the end of his life, he continued to go to his offices. Penney directed his stores to be closed on Sunday so employees
40:
541:
Penney founded the James C. Penney
Foundation in 1954. The foundation was restructured in 1999, with half the proceeds going to the Penney Family Fund, which is not affiliated with J. C. Penney Co., Inc., or its corporate giving program. The Penney Family Fund supports national organizations and
171:
After graduation from
Hamilton High School, Penney intended to attend college with hopes of becoming a lawyer. His father's untimely death, however, forced a change in plans, and Penney was forced to work as a store clerk to help support the family. Penney's
231:, and during the 1920s, the Penney company expanded nationwide, with 120 stores in 1920, most of which were still in the west. By 1924, Penney reported income of more than $ 1 million annually. The number of stores reached 1,400 by 1929.
269:
After the crash, Penney lost virtually all his personal wealth and borrowed against his life insurance policies to help the company meet its payroll. The financial setbacks took a toll on his health, and he checked himself into the
213:, called the Golden Rule stores. In 1902, owners Guy Johnson and Thomas Callahan, impressed by his work ethic and salesmanship, offered him a one-third partnership in a new store he would open. Penney invested $ 2,000 and moved to
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In 1926, Penney founded a retirement community in
Northeast Florida for retired ministers in honor of his father. Today that community is still in existence, bearing his name, and is located in the town that also bears his name,
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Even after relinquishing daily operating management of the company, Penney continued his active involvement in managing the company and its stores. In 1940, during a visit to a store in
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217:, to open a store there. He participated in opening two more stores, and when Callahan and Johnson dissolved their partnership in 1907 he purchased full interest in all three stores.
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After Bertha died in 1910, he married Mary
Hortense Kimball (d. 1923) in July 1919. Mary gave birth to their son before her death of unspecified medical issues:
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164:, the seventh of twelve children, only six of whom lived to adulthood, born to James Cash Penney and Mary Frances (born Paxton) Penney. Penney's father was a
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was dedicated in his honor on
January 23, 1972. The building was made possible through financial donations by Mr. Penney and his company.
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In 1926, Penney married
Caroline Marie Autenrieth (1895–1992). She was badly hurt in 1928 when she fell from a horse at their estate in
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Penney was married three times. His first marriage, to Bertha Alva Hess (1869–1910) in 1899, produced two sons before her death from
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preacher and farmer whose strict discipline included making his son pay for his own clothing once he reached eight years of age.
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The large income allowed him to be heavily involved in many philanthropic causes during the 1920s. By 1921, he had a home on
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By 1912, there were 34 stores in the Rocky
Mountain States. In 1913, he moved the company to the Kearns Building in downtown
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1025:"MISS MARY PENNEY WED TO PHYSICIAN; Daughter of Stores' Founder Bride of Philip F. Wagley in Christ Episcopal, Rye"
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J. C. Penney: the man with a thousand partners: an auto-biography of J. C. Penney as told to Robert W. Bruere
1069:"500 HONOR PENNEY ON 80TH BIRTHDAY; Attend Lawn Party at Home of Merchant – Hoover and Baruch Send Messages"
271:
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507:, the radio and TV personality; and Norman Vincent Peale, a minister, inspirational speaker, and author of
19:
This article is about James Cash Penney, an
American businessman. For the department store he founded, see
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805:"An American original, Sam Walton embodies the entrepreneurial spirit and epitomizes the American Dream"
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1251:
Voss, Kimberly Wilmot (Spring 2006). "The Penney-Missouri Awards: Honoring the Best in Women's News".
148:(September 16, 1875 – February 12, 1971) was an American businessman and entrepreneur who founded the
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1009:"Mary Frances Wagley, dedicated educator and the first woman to join the MIT Corporation, dies at 93"
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Tebeau, Charlton W. The
University of Miami. Coral Gables: University of Miami Press, 1976. p. 393.
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Penney later recruited Paul E. Reinhold to run the dairy. Most of this work was halted with the
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New York Times obituary of Henry Simler, June 27, 1954. "Henry Simler, 78, Is Dead on Coast"
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1305:"500.11.02 - J.C. Penney Hall at the National 4-H Center | Chevy Chase Historical Society"
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Kruger, David D., "James Cash Penney: The Impact of a Main Street Merchant on Oklahoma,"
1125:"Wasatch Lodge #1 F&AM - Freemasons of Salt Lake City, Utah » James "JC" Penny"
830:"Mrs. J.C. Penney Badly Hurt as Horse Trips; Thrown While Riding on Westchester Estate"
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Carol Marie Penney (1930–2002), who earned a degree in international relations from
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journalism, hoping to improve the sections where his stores most often advertised.
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invested heavily in Florida real estate, including 120,000 acres (490 km) in
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Kruger, David Delbert (2008). "J.C. Penney: Missouri Man, Wyoming Institution".
619:, and a bronze bust depicting him is on permanent display in the rotunda of the
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367:, was married to Dr. Philip Franklin Wagley, son of Everitt F. Wagley, in 1953.
224:, Utah. The company was incorprated under the new name, J. C. Penney Company.
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1363:. Vol. 80, no. 2. Wyoming State Historical Society. pp. 20–36.
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and never fully recovered. He died on February 12, 1971, in New York City.
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Hamilton High School in Hamilton, Missouri, was renamed Penney High School.
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1393:
1390:, a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan
926:"J. C. PENNEY JR.; Son of Merchant Had Introduced Gliding in This Country"
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Medallion" and a certificate proclaiming him a "hillbilly of the Ozarks."
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Mary Frances Penney (1927–2020), a professor of chemistry who obtained a
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James Cash Penney III (1903–1938), who married Louise Ducoudray in 1927.
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429:, New York City, not far from the grave of fellow retail entrepreneur,
455:, in 1958. He typically wore a large ring showing his Masonic degree.
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664:"J. C. Penney of Store Chain Dies; Built Business on 'Golden Rule'"
733:. University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin
311:
193:
519:, an organization that helps unemployed managers and executives.
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Penney was a member of two professional collegiate fraternities:
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In 1898, Penney began working for a small chain of stores in the
1388:"Two American Entrepreneurs: Madam C. J. Walker and J.C. Penney"
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After hearing the hymn "God Will Take Care of You", written by
1052:"Carol Penney Guyer, 72; Philanthropist, Daughter of Retailer"
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433:. His estate was valued at approximately $ 35 million.
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Penney was born on September 16, 1875, on a farm outside of
1402:
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Roswell Kemper Penney (1901–1971), who married Willa Graff.
860:
J. C. Penney: The Man, the Store, and American Agriculture
421:
delivered the eulogy at the funeral. Penney was buried in
285:, sung at a service in the hospital's chapel, he became a
483:, and served on its Board of Trustees from 1926 to 1930.
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that work to advance racial and environmental justice.
320:, which was later moved from a farm to town for display
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694:
Missouri Legends: Famous People From The Show-Me State
1097:"J. C. Penney's Estate Is Estimated at $ 35-Million"
406:
On December 26, 1970, Penney fell and fractured his
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1220:"Barnes, Alfred Edward, (3 June 1881–23 Oct. 1956)"
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227:In 1916, he began to expand the chain east of the
727:"J. C. Penney Papers A Guide to the Collection"
1585:Burials at Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
1361:Annals of Wyoming: The Wyoming History Journal
1287:"National Association of Extension 4-H Agents"
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1226:, Oxford University Press, December 1, 2007,
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891:
531:Chamber of Commerce presented Penney with a "
479:Penney was involved with the founding of the
8:
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1514:J. C. Penney Building (St. Louis, Missouri)
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982:"Caroline A. Penney, A Philanthropist, 96"
582:The J. C. Penney Conference Center at the
511:, to help Henry Simler, an executive with
38:
27:
1504:J. C. Penney Building (Anchorage, Alaska)
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753:"J.C. Penney – Family and Philanthropies"
380:United Nations Technical Mission at Delhi
1175:"Innovative Rates Program. Final report"
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630:James Cash Penney was inducted into the
1524:J. C. Penney Building (Tucson, Arizona)
1519:J. C. Penney Building (Shoshone, Idaho)
1509:J. C. Penney Building (Newberg, Oregon)
1309:chevychasehistory.pastperfectonline.com
688:
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637:James Cash Penney Hall at the National
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662:Barmash, Isadore (February 13, 1971).
615:In 1994, Penney was inducted into the
608:in Kemmerer, Wyoming, was declared a
7:
1615:Missouri Lifestyle Journalism Awards
1565:American businesspeople in retailing
1232:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u234430
593:U.S. Business Hall of Fame in 1976.
561:In 1960, Penney teamed up with the
410:. A few weeks later, he suffered a
374:, and was married to David Guyer,
14:
779:"The Hymn That Saved J.C. Penney"
589:Mr. Penney was inducted into the
399:, though he spent the winters in
696:. Reedy Press: St. Louis, 2008.
584:University of Missouri-St. Louis
16:American businessman (1875–1971)
266:left Penney in financial ruin.
1600:People from Hamilton, Missouri
1529:J. C. Penney Historic District
1265:10.1080/00947679.2006.12062697
857:Kruger, David Delbert (2017).
606:J. C. Penney Historic District
509:The Power of Positive Thinking
176:caused him to venture west to
1:
1605:People from Kemmerer, Wyoming
363:and a bachelor's degree from
254:. This was also the start of
45:
865:University of Oklahoma Press
495:in 1939, Penney teamed with
256:Foremost Dairy Products Inc.
569:to recognize excellence in
499:, president and founder of
250:. Some of this land became
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617:Hall of Famous Missourians
610:National Historic Landmark
351:. They had two daughters:
343:Kimball Penney (1920–1979)
187:
18:
1570:American company founders
899:"DIED. PENNEY—Roswell K."
459:Professional fraternities
316:Penney's boyhood home in
260:Wall Street Crash of 1929
139:department stores in 1902
37:
1580:American philanthropists
515:form the first board of
401:Palm Springs, California
156:Early life and education
1610:Retail company founders
1371:89 (Fall 2011), 260–87.
1369:Chronicles of Oklahoma,
523:Awards and philanthropy
272:Battle Creek Sanitarium
1200:Cite journal requires
621:Missouri State Capitol
567:Penney-Missouri Awards
563:University of Missouri
349:White Plains, New York
321:
276:Battle Creek, Michigan
206:
731:legacy.lib.utexas.edu
599:Penney Farms, Florida
529:Springfield, Missouri
453:Kansas City, Missouri
315:
304:could attend church.
299:, he trained a young
242:. Penney and partner
211:Western United States
197:
188:Further information:
146:James Cash Penney Jr.
60:James Cash Penney Jr.
1595:McKesson Corporation
1330:"Penney High School"
1077:. September 18, 1955
1014:. November 13, 2020.
954:"Penney – Ducoudray"
906:. September 16, 1971
785:on December 10, 2007
634:Hall of Fame in 2002
542:state-based ones in
467:for agriculture and
419:Norman Vincent Peale
361:University of Oxford
240:Miami Beach, Florida
1575:American Freemasons
1139:"James Cash Penney"
481:University of Miami
475:University of Miami
372:Stanford University
184:J. C. Penney stores
1534:J. C. Penney House
1336:on August 24, 2011
1253:Journalism History
1143:freemasonry.bcy.ca
1102:The New York Times
1074:The New York Times
1030:The New York Times
987:The New York Times
959:The New York Times
931:The New York Times
903:The New York Times
835:The New York Times
669:The New York Times
591:Junior Achievement
491:At the end of the
322:
318:Hamilton, Missouri
278:, for treatment.
207:
178:Longmont, Colorado
162:Hamilton, Missouri
74:Hamilton, Missouri
70:September 16, 1875
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1483:James Cash Penney
1394:James Cash Penney
1177:. June 21, 1982.
1056:Los Angeles Times
838:. October 2, 1928
565:to establish the
423:Woodlawn Cemetery
417:The Reverend Dr.
283:Civilla D. Martin
229:Mississippi River
215:Kemmerer, Wyoming
204:Kemmerer, Wyoming
143:
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124:Years active
105:Woodlawn Cemetery
85:February 12, 1971
32:James Cash Penney
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1332:. Archived from
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497:Thomas J. Watson
493:Great Depression
451:Arch Masons, in
391:Penney lived in
297:Des Moines, Iowa
264:Great Depression
202:mother store in
152:stores in 1902.
111:, New York City)
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1033:. June 21, 1953
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759:on May 17, 2000
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1555:1875 births
1488:Mike Ullman
1478:Ron Johnson
1462:(1997–2004)
1456:(1968–1997)
1454:Thrift Drug
1450:(1962–1981)
1237:October 27,
1224:Who Was Who
1109:December 4,
1081:December 5,
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938:December 5,
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842:December 5,
737:December 5,
675:December 4,
397:Park Avenue
248:Clay County
119:Businessman
49: 1902
1549:Categories
1291:nae4ha.com
649:References
556:New Mexico
301:Sam Walton
287:born again
236:Belle Isle
116:Occupation
66:1875-09-16
1497:Buildings
1441:Divisions
1340:March 16,
1273:140928882
1259:: 43–50.
811:March 15,
789:April 13,
763:April 13,
536:Hillbilly
448:Freemason
442:Freemason
427:the Bronx
359:from the
326:pneumonia
290:Christian
127:1898–1971
109:The Bronx
1434:JCPenney
1012:MIT News
612:in 1978.
262:and the
200:JCPenney
190:JCPenney
150:JCPenney
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552:Arizona
544:Georgia
395:at 888
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1471:People
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1269:S2CID
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