951:, for ministerial impropriety, and Chichester-Clark was appointed in his place, a position he retained for two quiet years. On 23 April 1969, he resigned from the Cabinet one day prior to a crucial Parliamentary Party meeting, claiming that he disagreed with the Prime Minister's decision to grant universal suffrage in local government elections at that time. He stated that he disagreed not with the principle of one man one vote but with the timing of the decision, having the previous day expressed doubts over the expediency of the measure in Cabinet. It has since been suggested that his resignation was in order to accelerate O'Neill's own resignation, and to improve his own position in the jostling to succeed him.
1063:
which can bring the current IRA campaign swiftly to an end. I have expressed to
British Ministers the full force of this opinion and have pressed upon them my view that some further initiative is required. While they have agreed to take any feasible steps open to them to intensify the effort against the IRA, it remains the professional military view β and one which I indeed have often expressed myself β that it would be misleading the Northern Ireland community to suggest that we are faced with anything but a long haul, and that such initiatives as can be taken are unlikely to effect a radical improvement in the short term...
67:
562:
579:
940:, and the occasional "good row". From the outset, O'Neill took the unusual decision to allow Chichester-Clark to attend and speak at all cabinet meetings while Chief Whip. Proving a competent parliamentary party administrator, O'Neill added Leader of the House of Commons to Chichester-Clark's duties in October 1966, a promotion that made him a full member of the Cabinet. He was also sworn into the
892:, since 1933. As Dehra Chichester, she had been an MP for the county of Londonderry until 1929 when she stood down for a first time. Chichester-Clark's father, replaced her in 1929 when the county was split, but he suddenly died in 1933. Dehra, by then remarried, willingly returned to Northern Ireland from England, and won the ensuing by-election.
868:. The popularity and competence of his senior officer made this uneventful two-year period of Chichester-Clark's life the most remarkable element of his pre-parliamentary career. On returning from Canada, Chichester-Clark continued in the Army for several years, refusing promotion to seniority before retiring a
895:
He retained the seat for the remainder of the
Parliament's existence, and so the South Londonderry area was represented by three generations of the same family for the entire period of the Northern Ireland House of Commons. Between 1929 and the last election in 1969, the family was challenged for the
974:
by one vote on 1 May 1969, with his predecessor using his casting vote in the tied election for his distant cousin because "Faulkner had been stabbing him in the back for a lot longer". Although
Faulkner believed, until his death, that he had been the victim of an upper-class conspiracy to deny him
931:
was promoted to the
Ministry of Home Affairs, Chichester-Clark took over as Government Chief Whip. Accounts of the period are that Chichester-Clark enjoyed the Whip's office more than any other he was to subsequently hold in politics. This despite including references to anti O'Neill MP and future
1062:
I have decided to resign because I can see no other way of bringing home to all concerned the realities of the present constitutional, political and security situation... It is apparent that public and parliamentary opinion in
Northern Ireland looks to the Northern Ireland government for measures
3364:
851:
road. His company were all but wiped out, and he spent most of his war in hospital recovering from injuries, the effects of which stayed with him throughout his life. Following the war, his military career took him from the dull duties of the post-war occupation of
Germany, to
1077:
For these stupid barbarities Major
Chichester-Clark had to a substantial extent carry the can in Downing Street. He had also to carry the entangling burden of every event in the Ulster past which could cast doubt and discredit upon the viability of the Northern Ireland
1160:
Quarterly: 1st, Gules three Swords erect in pale proper Hilts and
Pommels Or a Canton Argent charged with a Trefoil Vert (Clark); 2nd, Chequy Or and Gules a Chief Vair (Chichester); 3rd, Azure fretty Argent (Etchingham); 4th, Azure on a Bend Or three Daws Gules
1126:. Lord Moyola remained quiet about his political career in his retirement. Lady Moyola, however, has said that her husband did enjoy the time β contrary to popular opinion β and that he thought of life as an MP as akin to that of an army welfare officer.
3299:
1029:, became increasingly involved in Northern Ireland's affairs, forcing Chichester-Clark's hand on many issues. These included the disbanding of the 'B' Specials and, importantly, the handing over of operational control of the security forces to the
3274:
3304:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
803:
air crash β in which she, whilst pregnant, was seriously injured and suffered a broken neck. They had two daughters (Tara and Fiona), in addition to Moyra's son
Michael from her previous marriage. Lady Moyola was a cousin of
1056:, who offered an extra 1,300 troops, and resisted what he saw was an attempt by Chichester-Clark to gain political control over them. Chichester-Clark resigned on 20 March. In his resignation statement he stated:
989:
In April 1970 his predecessor and another
Unionist MP resigned their seats in the NI House of Commons. The by-election campaigns were punctuated by major liberal speeches by senior government figures like
1052:
from a pub in Belfast to a lane way outside the city, where they killed them. Chichester-Clark flew to London on 18 March 1971 to request a new security initiative from the new British prime minister
2457:
2547:
2120:
656:
373:
702:
resurgence. In March 1971, with his health suffering under the strain of the growing political strife, he resigned, having failed to secure extra military resources from the British Government.
3319:
3309:
829:
3212:
3077:
2963:
2879:
2859:
1656:
1123:
3072:
3334:
2450:
2363:
2309:
2238:
2142:
3344:
2676:
3243:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
2090:
1722:
1087:
971:
881:
3324:
2443:
861:
3369:
3314:
2593:
3379:
2753:
2417:
2270:
2174:
1091:
1033:
928:
187:
3354:
2336:
288:
3374:
2373:
234:
3339:
3031:
3006:
2907:
2728:
2497:
916:
3238:
2346:
2277:
2245:
1284:
959:
825:
727:
683:
504:
335:
31:
1994:
809:
2887:
2695:
145:
1969:
3217:
3179:
2892:
2718:
2669:
2487:
636:
54:
3190:
3165:
2902:
2478:
2390:
1137:
1011:
924:
695:
644:
82:
1946:
1755:
3329:
3207:
2522:
2056:
1891:
941:
781:
668:
652:
544:
113:
2356:
2319:
1691:
1049:
3349:
2708:
2662:
2577:
2100:
2042:
2028:
1805:
1689:
Armstrong, C. D. C. (2006). "Clark, James Dawson Chichester-, Baron Moyola (1923β2002), prime minister of Northern Ireland".
1459:
1069:
He agreed to tone down his statement so as to smooth the way for his successor. The Unionist Party internal newspaper, the
2927:
2809:
2083:
2069:
1073:
in April 1971 carried a "respectful political obituary", which "condemned those who attacked Catholics in their homes":
342:
1932:
978:
His premiership was punctuated by the civil unrest that erupted after August 1969. He suffered from the effects of the
1517:
983:
885:
368:
1018:
3359:
3233:
2986:
2922:
2869:
2823:
2181:
2149:
865:
2942:
2854:
2849:
1003:
933:
749:
name Chichester (his wife's maiden name) from dying out. On his mother's side the family are descended from the
2768:
1730:
1154:
Out of a Mural Crown an Arm in Armour embowed the Hand holding a Dagger all proper charged with a Trefoil Vert
795:
He married widow Moyra Haughton (nΓ©e Morris) in 1959. Lady Moyola's first husband, Capt. Thomas Haughton from
3011:
3173:
3159:
2703:
1320:
3169:
2260:
2164:
962:, to which end he attended a tea party in O'Neill's honour only days after he had caused his resignation.
954:
O'Neill "finally walked away" five days later on 28 April 1969. In order to beat his only serious rival,
869:
785:
731:
600:
516:
3148:
2685:
2213:
746:
648:
463:
3269:
3264:
2643:
2410:
2116:
1205:
750:
46:
3036:
1006:, however, took both seats in the House of Commons. Later the same month the O'Neill-ite group, the
17:
2996:
2639:
2629:
2620:
1007:
687:
664:
2971:
3016:
2466:
1918:
1115:
723:
672:
3026:
2733:
2502:
2383:
2206:
920:
679:
311:
257:
210:
168:
125:
1966:
3021:
2981:
2947:
2932:
2606:
2597:
2588:
2077:
2052:
2038:
2024:
1887:
1801:
1119:
897:
805:
789:
735:
699:
640:
521:
66:
57:
2828:
2470:
1913:
1696:
769:
3138:
3001:
2912:
2804:
2435:
1973:
1950:
1943:
1759:
1752:
1130:
1045:
1026:
975:
the premiership, he became a high profile and loyal member of Chichester-Clark's cabinet.
833:
813:
578:
281:
222:
3365:
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for County Londonderry constituencies
919:
Premiership, Chichester-Clark remained on the back benches. It was not until 1963, when
2743:
2533:
2512:
2427:
2400:
2302:
2223:
1083:
1022:
991:
955:
937:
848:
567:
346:
269:
180:
137:
3258:
2897:
2833:
2758:
2723:
2713:
2616:
2602:
2567:
2562:
2558:
2492:
1780:
904:
2976:
2937:
2917:
2788:
2773:
2292:
2196:
2109:
1986:
1576:
1491:
1111:
1053:
1030:
995:
889:
857:
800:
773:
765:
754:
719:
660:
620:
610:
582:
532:
396:
103:
43:
1783:(1973) "Intra Unionist disputes in the Northern Ireland House of Commons 1921β72"
1708:
678:
Chichester-Clark's election as UUP leader resulted from the sudden resignation of
896:
seat on only two occasions, the second being in 1969, when future Westminster MP
799:(he was part of the linen firm of Frazer & Haughton), had been killed in the
2783:
2778:
2584:
2571:
999:
979:
796:
761:
715:
691:
440:
1700:
2991:
2952:
2748:
2625:
2537:
2329:
1167:
On either side a Heron wings addorsed and gorged with a Baron's Coroner proper
948:
539:
323:
3300:
Northern Ireland junior government ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland)
927:, that Chichester-Clark was appointed assistant whip, and a month later when
2864:
2818:
2814:
2763:
1136:
Lord Moyola died on 17 May 2002 at the age of 79; he was the last surviving
1103:
824:
Chichester-Clark was an officer in the 1st Battalion, Irish Guards, part of
659:
for 12 years, beginning at the by-election to replace his grandmother, Dame
361:
1094:
by twenty-six votes to four. He was appointed prime minister the same day.
3275:
Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
1118:, his title taken from the name of his family's estate. He endorsed the
840:
768:, Chichester-Clark left school and entered adulthood in the midst of the
2654:
986:, which his Government accepted to the consternation of many Unionists.
958:, Chichester-Clark needed the backing of O'Neill-ite MPs elected at the
843:
took their first look at the ground in the 'gullies' to the west of the
837:
1753:
Northern Ireland Parliamentary Election Results: Counties: Londonderry
726:, his family's ancestral home. He was the eldest of three children of
853:
1933:
Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages β Peerages beginning with "M" (part 6)
30:
For his father, the member of parliament for South Londonderry, see
3305:
Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland)
836:. He was injured on 23 February 1944 by an 88m shell as he and his
844:
777:
667:
was suspended and subsequently abolished with the introduction of
1231:
4. James Jackson Clark DL, JP of Largantogher, County Londonderry
3183:
2658:
2439:
3295:
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1969β1973
3290:
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1965β1969
3285:
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962β1965
3280:
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958β1962
1014:, and his party began passing votes of no confidence in him.
2246:
Assistant Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Finance
1976:
dated May 25, 2002 at smh.com.au, accessed 22 February 2018
730:
and Marion Caroline Dehra, nΓ©e Chichester. His brother was
2035:
James Chichester-Clark: Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
3213:
Ulster Unionist Party Presidents and General Secretaries
880:
In an uncontested by-election in 1960, he took over the
1657:
List of Northern Ireland Members of the House of Lords
947:
In 1967, O'Neill sacked his Minister of Agriculture,
907:
on 8 February 1961 during the Queen's speech debate.
741:
In 1924 James Clark, Snr. changed the family name to
643:(12 February 1923 β 17 May 2002) was the penultimate
686:. His term in office was dominated by both internal
27:
Prime Minister of Northern Ireland from 1969 to 1971
3226:
3200:
3147:
3131:
3045:
2962:
2878:
2842:
2797:
2694:
2546:
2521:
2477:
1435:
12. Lord Adolphus John Spencer Churchill Chichester
760:Educated, against his own wishes, at Selwyn House,
616:
606:
596:
588:
573:
555:
550:
538:
528:
512:
500:
492:
469:
459:
447:
423:
418:
402:
390:
367:
341:
329:
317:
305:
287:
275:
263:
251:
228:
216:
204:
186:
174:
162:
143:
131:
119:
109:
99:
80:
41:
3320:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
2278:Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Finance
1866:
1864:
1862:
1834:
1832:
3310:Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
1260:9. Frances Hall of Merton Hall, County Tipperary
1102:On 20 July 1971 Chichester-Clark was created a
1075:
972:1969 Ulster Unionist Party leadership election
2670:
2451:
2093:, Telegraph.co.uk. Accessed 24 December 2022.
2072:. Archived from the original on 15 June 2006.
862:Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis
690:struggles, seeing the political emergence of
8:
1878:
1876:
1695:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
1034:General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland
982:, which recommended the disbandment of the
633:James Dawson Chichester-Clark, Baron Moyola
247:7 October 1966 β 27 September 1967
2677:
2663:
2655:
2458:
2444:
2436:
2096:
1186:
1142:
65:
38:
3335:People of The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
1133:of County Londonderry from 1975 to 1993.
663:in 1960. He stopped being an MP when the
653:Member of the Northern Ireland Parliament
369:Member of the Northern Ireland Parliament
200:2 September 1968 β 23 April 1969
1884:A History of Northern Ireland 1920β1996
1692:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1668:
1321:Sir William Fitzwilliam Lenox-Conyngham
1144:Coat of arms of James Chichester-Clark
780:he began his year-long training at the
757:, who had originally held Moyola Park.
3345:British Army personnel of World War II
2075:
2049:A history of the Ulster Unionist Party
1967:The Troubles and a PM's act of despair
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1533:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1300:
1195:
1191:
1143:
1090:in a vote by Unionist MP's, defeating
960:1969 Northern Ireland general election
776:, the regiment of his grandfather, in
745:by deed poll, thus preventing the old
505:James Lenox-Conyngham Chichester-Clark
158:28 April 1969 β 31 March 1971
95:28 April 1969 β 23 March 1971
32:James Lenox-Conyngham Chichester-Clark
1729:. London. 20 May 2002. Archived from
1606:
1596:
1592:
1580:
1574:
1564:
1551:
1541:
1537:
1521:
1515:
1505:
1489:
1479:
1475:
1463:
1460:Robert Peel Dawson Spencer Chichester
1457:
1447:
1434:
1424:
1420:
1396:
1386:
1373:
1363:
1359:
1347:
1345:5. Elizabeth Mary Lenox-Conyngham MBE
1344:
1334:
1318:
1308:
1304:
1288:
1282:
1272:
1259:
1249:
1245:
1233:
1230:
1220:
1203:
1199:
812:1975β2000, Lord Moyola served as his
810:Lord-Lieutenant of County Londonderry
753:and were the heirs of the Dawsons of
7:
3325:Leaders of the Ulster Unionist Party
1997:from the original on 2 December 2013
651:between 1969 and March 1971. He was
386:9 July 1960 β 30 March 1972
359:20 July 1971 β 17 May 2002
18:James Chichester-Clark, Baron Moyola
3370:Politicians from County Londonderry
3315:Prime ministers of Northern Ireland
3218:List of Ulster Unionist Party Peers
2214:Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party
738:, the garden writer and historian.
301:5 May 1967 β 23 April 1969
146:Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party
3380:Life peers created by Elizabeth II
2391:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
2021:Northern Ireland at the Crossroads
1138:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
1012:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
925:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
900:stood, attracting 39% of the vote
832:, and participated briefly in the
696:Alliance Party of Northern Ireland
682:after the ambiguous result of the
645:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
83:Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
25:
3355:Deputy lieutenants of Londonderry
3208:List of Ulster Unionist Party MPs
942:Privy Council of Northern Ireland
782:Royal Military College, Sandhurst
3375:Ulster Unionist Party life peers
1518:Marion Caroline Dehra Chichester
998:and the Prime Minister himself.
706:Family background and early life
577:
560:
3340:People educated at Eton College
2051:. Manchester University Press.
1944:Death of James Chichester-Clark
698:from the left, and an emergent
482:
2364:Leader of the House of Commons
2310:Leader of the House of Commons
2101:Parliament of Northern Ireland
1017:As the civil unrest grew, the
728:James J. Lenox-Conyngham Clark
188:Leader of the House of Commons
1:
1922:. 22 July 1971. p. 7853.
830:British 1st Infantry Division
806:Colonel Sir Michael McCorkell
710:Chichester-Clark was born as
1709:UK public library membership
343:Member of the House of Lords
984:Ulster Special Constabulary
886:Northern Ireland Parliament
3396:
2635:Offices Vacant (2022-2024)
2612:Offices Vacant (2017β2020)
1991:www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk
1785:Economic and Social Review
1527:
1414:
1294:
1193:
903:Chichester-Clark made his
866:Governor General of Canada
684:preceding general election
29:
2424:
2415:
2407:
2397:
2388:
2380:
2370:
2361:
2353:
2343:
2334:
2326:
2316:
2307:
2299:
2284:
2275:
2267:
2252:
2243:
2235:
2230:
2220:
2211:
2203:
2188:
2179:
2171:
2156:
2147:
2139:
2134:
2114:
2106:
2099:
2082:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1949:23 September 2021 at the
1882:Hennessey, Thomas (1997)
1594:
1586:
1558:
1539:
1535:
1499:
1477:
1469:
1441:
1422:
1418:
1380:
1361:
1353:
1328:
1306:
1302:
1266:
1247:
1239:
1214:
1197:
1004:Protestant Unionist Party
888:held by his grandmother,
647:and eighth leader of the
626:
414:
379:
352:
294:
240:
193:
151:
88:
76:
64:
3330:People from Castledawson
3132:Organisational structure
2418:Minister of Home Affairs
2135:Party political offices
1972:23 February 2018 at the
1800:. Blackstaff Press Ltd.
970:He beat Faulkner in the
114:The Lord Grey of Naunton
71:Chichester-Clark in 1970
3160:Irish Unionist Alliance
2337:Minister of Agriculture
2150:Unionist Assistant Whip
2019:Mullholland, M. (2000)
1787:Vol. 5(1): 99β104 (103)
1607:15. Annie Kerr-Forsythe
1050:three off-duty soldiers
784:, before receiving his
289:Minister of Agriculture
2550:deputy First Ministers
2525:deputy-Chief Executive
2508:James Chichester-Clark
2261:Isaac George Hawthorne
2165:Isaac George Hawthorne
2033:Scoular, Clive (2000)
1886:. Palgrave Macmillan.
1796:Bloomfield, K. (1994)
1762:. election.demon.co.uk
1701:10.1093/ref:odnb/76880
1098:Peerage and later life
1080:
1040:Resignation and beyond
732:Robin Chichester-Clark
517:Robin Chichester-Clark
3350:Irish Guards officers
3151:related organisations
2687:Ulster Unionist Party
2129:Parliament abolished
1116:County of Londonderry
915:For the remainder of
747:Protestant Ascendancy
649:Ulster Unionist Party
589:Years of service
464:Ulster Unionist Party
3189:Electoral alliance:
3046:Leadership elections
2644:Emma Little-Pengelly
2411:Robert Wilson Porter
2117:Member of Parliament
1552:14. James Ker Fisher
1206:James Johnston Clark
1044:On 9 March 1971 the
917:Lord Brookeborough's
814:Vice Lord-Lieutenant
751:Donegall Chichesters
47:The Right Honourable
2548:First Ministers and
2523:Chief Executive and
2493:John Miller Andrews
2467:Heads of government
2239:William Fitzsimmons
2182:Unionist Chief Whip
2143:William Fitzsimmons
1987:"Life Peerages - M"
1826:Mullholland, p. 120
1758:5 July 2008 at the
1727:The Daily Telegraph
1490:13. Mary Dawson of
1374:11. Laura Arbuthnot
1145:
1021:, particularly the
1008:New Ulster Movement
826:24th Guards Brigade
694:from the right and
665:Stormont Parliament
2289:Title next held by
2257:Title next held by
2231:Political offices
2193:Title next held by
2161:Title next held by
2047:Walker, G. (2004)
2023:. Palgrave Schol.
1919:The London Gazette
1847:Mulholland, p. 196
1798:Stormont in Crisis
1173:Virtute Et Labore
1088:elected UUP leader
1082:On 23 March 1971,
1019:British Government
724:County Londonderry
712:James Dawson Clark
673:British Government
443:, Northern Ireland
428:James Dawson Clark
3360:Chichester family
3252:
3251:
3244:Electoral history
2964:General Secretary
2652:
2651:
2607:Martin McGuinness
2598:Martin McGuinness
2589:Martin McGuinness
2434:
2433:
2425:Succeeded by
2398:Succeeded by
2371:Succeeded by
2344:Succeeded by
2317:Succeeded by
2221:Succeeded by
2121:South Londonderry
1733:on 27 April 2006.
1707:(Subscription or
1647:
1646:
1577:Dehra Kerr-Fisher
1179:
1178:
1120:Belfast Agreement
898:Bernadette Devlin
890:Dame Dehra Parker
882:South Londonderry
790:second lieutenant
772:. On joining the
736:Penelope Hobhouse
700:Irish nationalist
657:South Londonderry
630:
629:
522:Penelope Hobhouse
508:Marion Chichester
374:South Londonderry
16:(Redirected from
3387:
3239:Election results
3170:Liberal Unionist
3166:Labour Unionists
2923:J. G. Cunningham
2918:J. L. O. Andrews
2739:Chichester-Clark
2688:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2656:
2640:Michelle O'Neill
2630:Michelle O'Neill
2621:Michelle O'Neill
2471:Northern Ireland
2460:
2453:
2446:
2437:
2408:Preceded by
2381:Preceded by
2354:Preceded by
2327:Preceded by
2300:Preceded by
2268:Preceded by
2236:Preceded by
2204:Preceded by
2172:Preceded by
2140:Preceded by
2107:Preceded by
2097:
2087:
2081:
2073:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1983:
1977:
1964:
1958:
1941:
1935:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1910:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1880:
1871:
1868:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1794:
1788:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1763:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1735:
1734:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1704:
1686:
1187:
1146:
936:Westminster MP,
770:Second World War
743:Chichester-Clark
734:and his sister,
581:
566:
564:
563:
551:Military service
486:
484:
454:
438:12 February 1923
437:
435:
419:Personal details
409:Office abolished
405:
393:
384:
357:
332:
320:
308:
299:
278:
266:
254:
245:
231:
219:
207:
198:
177:
165:
156:
134:
122:
93:
69:
39:
21:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3248:
3222:
3196:
3150:
3143:
3139:Young Unionists
3127:
3041:
2958:
2874:
2838:
2793:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2653:
2648:
2549:
2542:
2524:
2517:
2503:Terence O'Neill
2479:Prime Ministers
2473:
2464:
2430:
2421:
2413:
2403:
2394:
2386:
2384:Terence O'Neill
2376:
2367:
2359:
2357:Brian McConnell
2349:
2340:
2332:
2322:
2320:Brian McConnell
2313:
2305:
2290:
2281:
2273:
2258:
2249:
2241:
2226:
2217:
2209:
2207:Terence O'Neill
2194:
2185:
2177:
2162:
2153:
2145:
2124:
2112:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2063:Further reading
2016:
2011:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1974:Wayback Machine
1965:
1961:
1951:Wayback Machine
1942:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1898:
1881:
1874:
1869:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1795:
1791:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1760:Wayback Machine
1751:
1747:
1742:
1738:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1688:
1687:
1670:
1665:
1653:
1648:
1184:
1131:Lord Lieutenant
1124:1998 referendum
1100:
1042:
1027:James Callaghan
968:
921:Terence O'Neill
913:
878:
822:
820:Military career
708:
680:Terence O'Neill
561:
559:
520:
507:
488:
485: 1959)
480:
476:
460:Political party
452:
439:
433:
431:
430:
429:
403:
391:
385:
380:
371:
360:
358:
353:
345:
330:
318:
312:Terence O'Neill
306:
300:
295:
282:Brian McConnell
276:
264:
258:Terence O'Neill
252:
246:
241:
229:
223:Brian McConnell
217:
211:Terence O'Neill
205:
199:
194:
175:
169:Terence O'Neill
163:
157:
152:
132:
126:Terence O'Neill
120:
94:
89:
72:
60:
52:
51:The Lord Moyola
49:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3393:
3391:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3257:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3187:
3176:
3162:
3155:
3153:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3078:September 1995
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2812:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2798:Deputy Leaders
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2659:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2637:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2609:
2600:
2594:Peter Robinson
2591:
2582:
2574:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2552:(1998βpresent)
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2534:Brian Faulkner
2530:
2528:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2513:Brian Faulkner
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2475:
2474:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2428:Brian Faulkner
2426:
2423:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2401:Brian Faulkner
2399:
2396:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2369:
2360:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2347:Phelim O'Neill
2345:
2342:
2333:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2315:
2306:
2303:Brian Faulkner
2301:
2297:
2296:
2288:
2283:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2256:
2251:
2242:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2227:
2224:Brian Faulkner
2222:
2219:
2210:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2192:
2187:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2160:
2155:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2045:
2031:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
1978:
1959:
1936:
1925:
1905:
1903:Walker, p. 190
1896:
1872:
1870:Walker, p. 189
1858:
1856:Walker, p. 175
1849:
1840:
1838:Walker, p. 173
1828:
1819:
1817:Walker, p. 165
1810:
1789:
1773:
1771:Scoular, p. 46
1764:
1745:
1743:Scoular, p. 69
1736:
1714:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1099:
1096:
1084:Brian Faulkner
1067:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1041:
1038:
1023:Home Secretary
992:Brian Faulkner
967:
966:Prime minister
964:
956:Brian Faulkner
938:Johnny McQuade
912:
909:
877:
876:Political life
874:
834:Anzio landings
821:
818:
707:
704:
628:
627:
624:
623:
618:
614:
613:
608:
604:
603:
598:
594:
593:
590:
586:
585:
575:
574:Branch/service
571:
570:
568:United Kingdom
557:
553:
552:
548:
547:
542:
536:
535:
530:
526:
525:
514:
510:
509:
502:
498:
497:
494:
490:
489:
478:
475:Moyra Haughton
474:
473:
471:
467:
466:
461:
457:
456:
455:(aged 79)
449:
445:
444:
427:
425:
421:
420:
416:
415:
412:
411:
406:
400:
399:
394:
388:
387:
377:
376:
365:
364:
350:
349:
339:
338:
336:Phelim O'Neill
333:
327:
326:
321:
315:
314:
309:
307:Prime Minister
303:
302:
292:
291:
285:
284:
279:
273:
272:
270:Brian Faulkner
267:
261:
260:
255:
253:Prime Minister
249:
248:
238:
237:
232:
226:
225:
220:
214:
213:
208:
206:Prime Minister
202:
201:
191:
190:
184:
183:
181:Brian Faulkner
178:
172:
171:
166:
160:
159:
149:
148:
141:
140:
138:Brian Faulkner
135:
129:
128:
123:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
86:
85:
78:
77:
74:
73:
70:
62:
61:
53:
50:
42:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3392:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:Conservatives
3171:
3167:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3146:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2961:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:J. Cunningham
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2898:J. M. Andrews
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2729:Brookeborough
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2617:Arlene Foster
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2603:Arlene Foster
2601:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:David Trimble
2566:
2564:
2563:Seamus Mallon
2560:
2559:David Trimble
2557:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2539:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2461:
2456:
2454:
2449:
2447:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2429:
2420:
2419:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2379:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2325:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2279:
2272:
2271:William Craig
2266:
2263:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2247:
2240:
2234:
2229:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2175:William Craig
2170:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2079:
2071:
2070:"Family tree"
2067:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2057:0-7190-6108-3
2054:
2050:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2013:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1963:
1960:
1957:. 20 May 2002
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1929:
1926:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1909:
1906:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1892:0-333-73162-X
1889:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1723:"Lord Moyola"
1718:
1715:
1710:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1669:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1211:
1207:
1201:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1092:William Craig
1089:
1085:
1079:
1078:Constitution.
1074:
1072:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1010:, became the
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
987:
985:
981:
976:
973:
965:
963:
961:
957:
952:
950:
945:
943:
939:
935:
930:
926:
922:
918:
910:
908:
906:
905:maiden speech
901:
899:
893:
891:
887:
883:
875:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
850:
846:
842:
839:
835:
831:
827:
819:
817:
815:
811:
807:
802:
798:
793:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
705:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
625:
622:
619:
615:
612:
609:
605:
602:
599:
595:
591:
587:
584:
580:
576:
572:
569:
558:
554:
549:
546:
543:
541:
537:
534:
531:
527:
523:
518:
515:
511:
506:
503:
499:
495:
491:
472:
468:
465:
462:
458:
450:
446:
442:
426:
422:
417:
413:
410:
407:
401:
398:
395:
389:
383:
378:
375:
370:
366:
363:
356:
351:
348:
347:Lord Temporal
344:
340:
337:
334:
328:
325:
322:
316:
313:
310:
304:
298:
293:
290:
286:
283:
280:
274:
271:
268:
262:
259:
256:
250:
244:
239:
236:
233:
227:
224:
221:
215:
212:
209:
203:
197:
192:
189:
185:
182:
179:
173:
170:
167:
161:
155:
150:
147:
142:
139:
136:
130:
127:
124:
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
92:
87:
84:
79:
75:
68:
63:
59:
56:
48:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
3227:Other topics
3158:Progenitor:
2738:
2634:
2611:
2576:
2507:
2498:Basil Brooke
2416:
2389:
2362:
2335:
2308:
2293:Roy Bradford
2291:
2285:
2276:
2259:
2253:
2244:
2212:
2197:Roy Bradford
2195:
2189:
2180:
2163:
2157:
2148:
2128:
2115:
2110:Dehra Parker
2048:
2034:
2020:
1999:. Retrieved
1990:
1981:
1962:
1954:
1939:
1928:
1917:
1908:
1899:
1883:
1852:
1843:
1822:
1813:
1797:
1792:
1784:
1776:
1767:
1748:
1739:
1731:the original
1726:
1717:
1690:
1492:Castledawson
1398:
1135:
1129:He was Vice-
1128:
1112:Castledawson
1108:Baron Moyola
1107:
1101:
1081:
1076:
1071:Ulster Times
1070:
1068:
1054:Edward Heath
1043:
1016:
996:Jack Andrews
988:
977:
969:
953:
946:
914:
902:
894:
884:seat in the
879:
858:aide-de-camp
828:attached to
823:
801:Nutts Corner
794:
774:Irish Guards
759:
755:Castledawson
742:
740:
720:Castledawson
711:
709:
677:
661:Dehra Parker
632:
631:
621:World War II
617:Battles/wars
611:Irish Guards
583:British Army
533:Eton College
453:(2002-05-17)
408:
404:Succeeded by
397:Dehra Parker
381:
362:Life Peerage
354:
331:Succeeded by
296:
277:Succeeded by
242:
230:Succeeded by
195:
176:Succeeded by
153:
133:Succeeded by
104:Elizabeth II
90:
36:
3270:2002 deaths
3265:1923 births
3178:Offshoots:
3149:History and
3037:C. McCusker
2829:McCallister
2585:Ian Paisley
2580:(2002β2007)
2578:Direct Rule
2572:Mark Durkan
2488:James Craig
2481:(1921β1972)
2374:John Dobson
1914:"No. 45429"
1399:Lord Moyola
1285:James Clark
1000:Ian Paisley
980:Hunt Report
797:Cullybackey
764:, and then
762:Broadstairs
716:Moyola Park
692:Ian Paisley
669:Direct Rule
451:17 May 2002
441:Moyola Park
392:Preceded by
319:Preceded by
265:Preceded by
235:John Dobson
218:Preceded by
164:Preceded by
121:Preceded by
3259:Categories
3234:Chief Whip
3182:(1973β78)/
3073:March 1995
2982:Hungerford
2955:(honorary)
2704:Saunderson
2626:Paul Givan
2538:Gerry Fitt
2422:1970β1971
2395:1969β1971
2368:1968β1969
2341:1967β1969
2330:Harry West
2314:1966β1967
2282:1963β1966
2218:1969β1971
2186:1963β1966
2125:1960β1973
2043:0953960102
2029:0333760751
2001:17 January
1806:0856405256
1781:Whyte, J H
1711:required.)
1663:References
1164:Supporters
1157:Escutcheon
949:Harry West
929:Bill Craig
786:commission
556:Allegiance
540:Alma mater
519:(brother)
434:1923-02-12
324:Harry West
3186:(2013-16)
3017:Patterson
2880:President
2754:Molyneaux
2719:Craigavon
1182:Ancestors
1104:life peer
944:in 1966.
872:in 1960.
592:1942β1960
545:Sandhurst
529:Education
513:Relatives
501:Parent(s)
382:In office
355:In office
297:In office
243:In office
196:In office
154:In office
91:In office
3180:Vanguard
3164:Allies:
2888:Hamilton
2860:Campbell
2843:Chairman
2805:McCusker
2744:Faulkner
2091:Obituary
2078:cite web
1995:Archived
1970:Archived
1947:Archived
1894:. p. 189
1756:Archived
1651:See also
1208:, DL, JP
1161:(Dawson)
911:Minister
841:Sergeant
688:unionist
524:(sister)
493:Children
110:Governor
2987:Douglas
2870:Kennedy
2824:Kennedy
2789:Beattie
2774:Nesbitt
2769:Elliott
2759:Trimble
2734:O'Neill
2724:Andrews
2696:Leaders
2014:Sources
1808:. p. 74
1122:in the
1114:in the
923:became
864:, then
838:Platoon
671:by the
487:
479:
100:Monarch
3193:(2009)
3032:Wilson
3007:Wilson
3002:Millar
2997:Hutton
2992:Bailie
2972:Gibson
2953:Steele
2913:Graham
2908:Brooke
2855:Cooper
2834:Butler
2817:&
2810:Taylor
2714:Carson
2527:(1974)
2286:Vacant
2254:Vacant
2190:Vacant
2158:Vacant
2055:
2041:
2027:
1890:
1804:
1705:
1048:lured
854:Canada
849:Albano
565:
470:Spouse
3201:Lists
3191:UCUNF
3027:Corry
2977:Bates
2948:White
2943:Rogan
2938:Smyth
2928:Clark
2903:Dixon
2893:Craig
2865:Empey
2850:Rogan
2819:Beggs
2815:Empey
2784:Aiken
2779:Swann
2764:Empey
2250:1963
2154:1963
1170:Motto
1151:Crest
1110:, of
870:major
845:Anzio
788:as a
778:Omagh
601:Major
481:(
477:
44:Major
3184:NI21
3123:2024
3118:2021
3113:2019
3108:2017
3103:2012
3098:2010
3093:2005
3088:2004
3083:2000
3068:1979
3063:1974
3058:1971
3053:1969
3012:Boyd
2749:West
2709:Long
2119:for
2084:link
2053:ISBN
2039:ISBN
2025:ISBN
2003:2022
1888:ISBN
1802:ISBN
1319:10.
1086:was
1031:Army
766:Eton
655:for
607:Unit
597:Rank
448:Died
424:Born
372:for
144:8th
81:5th
3022:Rea
2469:of
1955:BBC
1697:doi
1575:7.
1516:3.
1458:6.
1397:1.
1283:2.
1204:8.
1106:as
1046:IRA
1002:'s
934:DUP
860:to
856:as
714:at
3261::
2642:/
2628:/
2619:/
2605:/
2596:/
2587:/
2570:/
2561:/
2080:}}
2076:{{
2037:.
1993:.
1989:.
1953:.
1916:.
1875:^
1861:^
1831:^
1725:.
1671:^
1140:.
1036:.
1025:,
994:,
816:.
808:,
792:.
722:,
718:,
675:.
641:DL
639:,
637:PC
635:,
483:m.
58:DL
55:PC
3172:/
3168:/
2678:e
2671:t
2664:v
2536:/
2459:e
2452:t
2445:v
2086:)
2005:.
1703:.
1699::
847:-
496:2
436:)
432:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.