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616:, Alaska), and the lack of any Spanish outpost north of California, made it imperative that a firm stand be taken. During the 1780s Nootka Sound had become the focal point of all these conflicting factors. It was perhaps not the best port of the region, but it was well known and well charted, fairly easy to reach, and usefully located at a general base of operations and a place of rendezvous. Over the years it had become the fur-trader's primary harbour and gathering point. Factors such as these resulted in Russia, Britain, and Spain all deciding to build a fort there, in order to solidify their claims and interests. From Spain's perspective, which had long regarded the entire region as Spanish territory, the occupation of Nootka Sound would be the first step toward creating a new province of New Spain, north of California and south of Alaska. Implicit in such a plan was the restriction of free trade by other nations, a policy the Spanish had long enforced within the lands of the empire. The position of the British government, since the days of Queen Elizabeth, had been that its subjects had the right to navigate the ocean and visit, trade, and make settlements anywhere not already occupied by a civilized nation.
577:(Nootka) people. The post could be built on Meares's land. Later, the question of whether Meares had actually acquired land from Maquinna become an issue of contention. Even if he had there were unresolvable questions about the amount of land purchased and its location. In time Chief Maquinna denied that any such purchase had been made, saying instead that the Spanish had the only rightful claim to land at Nootka Sound. Meares, one of the primary forces behind the venture, hoped that a permanent post at Nootka Sound would establish his own dominance in the lucrative marine fur trade. However, before the British ships arrived Spanish forces had already occupied the harbour and established their own fort. By the time Colnett's
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607:, Mexico, to Alaska. The purpose of these voyages was not only to ascertain the Russian threat but to reinforce their claims of sovereignty by right of first-discovery and through the use of formal possession-taking rituals, which were still regarded as a meaningful part of international law. Another purpose was to search for a possible Northwest Passage, which, if it existed and fell under the control of another nation such as Britain, could prove disastrous to New Spain's Pacific coast.
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783:, which had been seized in 1789, but to then leave the coast because it was, the Vice Roy said, Spanish territory. Colnett was also forbidden to trade with the indigenous peoples. However, when Colnett arrived at Nootka he told Eliza, the commandant, that the passport had been lost at sea. Colnett spent about five months trading along the coast, acquiring about 1,100 sea otter pelts.
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550:. The joint venture had no firm name; Meares called it variously "The Associated Merchants of London and India" or "The United Company of British Merchants Trading to the North West Coast of America". Colnett called it "The South Sea Company of London". It was loosely referred to as "this united Company". Colnett purchased a vessel at
803:, stopping at Hawaii on the way. Another Spanish officer was to take the vessel from the Philippines to Macau. Meanwhile, Colnett, having finished trading on the North West coast also sailed to China via Hawaii. By chance both Colnett and Quimper arrived at Hawaii in March 1791. The two met. Colnett demanded that the
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A voyage to the South
Atlantic and round Cape Horn into the Pacific Ocean, for the purpose of extending the spermaceti whale fisheries, and other objects of commerce, by ascertaining the ports, bays, harbours, and anchoring births, in certain islands and coasts on those seas at which the ships of the
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served as Spain's. While both were respectful toward one another and even became friends, they could not reach an agreement about how to carry out their instructions. They decided instead to await further instructions. At this time, they decided to name the large island on which Nootka was now proven
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and his partners, were trading on the North West coast. Meares had chosen not to pay for licenses from the East India
Company and South Sea Company, instead striving to conceal the ship's illegal conduct by using the Portuguese flag. During the winter of 1788-89 the owners of all four vessels decided
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After spending the winter of 1787–88 in Hawaii, Colnett and Duncan returned to the
Pacific Northwest to acquire more furs. Once on the coast they parted ways and operated separately, unlike the previous year when they remained in company. After trading through the summer Charles Duncan heading south
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and
Colnett was captured and imprisoned for six months by the French. On his release he was tried by court-martial for the loss of his ship, but was acquitted. After his release he tried to convince the Royal Navy to launch a surprise attack against Spain's poorly defended Pacific coast. On 29 June
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in 1790, ending the Nootka Crisis and beginning the first phase of the
Spanish withdrawal from the Pacific Northwest. Three separate Nootka Conventions were signed and it took over five years to resolve the many outstanding problems. Among other things, Spain agreed to restore the captured ships to
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soon learned what had happened to the
British ships, officers, and crews. The arrest of James Colnett, who was after all still an officer of the Royal Navy, was particularly troublesome in England. Angered by the incident and by ongoing competition with Spain for the Pacific Northwest, the British
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Before the Nootka Crisis of 1789, Spain had long held that all foreign sailors in the
Pacific Ocean were to be treated as enemies. Spanish claims of sovereignty, especially on the west coasts of the Americas, dated back centuries. One of the first serious threats to the Spanish claim came from the
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and his partners. Both companies were exploring the possibilities of collecting sea otter pelts along the
Pacific Northwest coast, via trade with the indigenous peoples, and selling the goods in China. The idea had its origins in Cook's third voyage, during which sea otter pelts obtained along the
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set sail from San Blas in order to occupy Nootka Sound. Arriving on 5 May 1789, the
Spanish quickly built a few buildings and a small fort with the Spanish flag clearly displayed. Martinez formally occupied the land and began checking the papers of visiting vessels. Two American fur trading ships
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was the first to sail to the far north, reaching the Queen
Charlotte Islands in 1774. Subsequent expeditions were launched in 1775, 1779, and 1788. Detailed information about Russian activities in Alaska was acquired in 1788, including ominous indications that Russia might seize control of Nootka
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Colnett sailed from Hawaii to China, arriving at Macau on 30 May 1791. To his chagrin he found that the Chinese officials had prohibited all ships with furs from entering the port of Canton. China was at war with Russia and thought the ban on fur trading would injure Russia. The prohibition was
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Spain continued to occupy Nootka Sound until 28 March 1795. Under the Nootka Convention, Britain and Spain agreed not to establish any permanent base at Nootka Sound, but ships from either nation could visit. The two nations also agreed to prevent any other nation from establishing sovereignty.
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and would not be able to fight for Spain in an armed conflict. Without the French, Spain could not realistically secure their massive North and South American territories in the event of war with Britain. Bowing to pressure from Britain, Spain capitulated and agreed to sign the
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into Nootka Sound earlier and had been allowed to leave on the condition he proceed to China. Instead, he collected more furs from the region and returned to Nootka Sound, expecting MartĂnez would no longer be there. Hudson did not intend to enter the sound but the
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Between 1786 and 1791 Colnett led two private fur-trading ventures. With the Royal Navy's approval and a leave of absence he was first given command of a two-vessel fur trading expedition to the Pacific Northwest coast, Hawaii, and China. The vessels included
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had visited the northern Queen Charlottes in 1774, but had not gone ashore. Colnett and his crew were among the first Europeans to set foot on the islands. They were also the first British explorers to contact the Tsimshian and southern Heiltsuk people.
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for a free pardon for one of the female convicts, so that she might share his cabin for the return voyage to England. His petition having failed, Colnett set sail for home with a cargo of timber for use in the Royal dockyards. He remained in command of
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had sailed to San Blas, arriving there about 13 November 1790. Therefore, it could not be returned to Colnett as required by the Nootka Conventions. The governments of Spain and Britain agreed that the vessel would be returned to its owners in
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Sound. This, in addition to the rapidly increasing numbers of fur traders working the Pacific Northwest coast—mainly British but also American and others—coupled with Spain's firm claim of sovereignty north to 61°N latitude (the vicinity of
569:, to Thomas Hudson. The goal of the joint venture was not just to send vessels to the North West coast but also to set up a permanent trading post at Nootka Sound, to be named Fort Pitt. Meares claimed he had purchased land there from Chief
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on behalf of private whaling interests. His work led to the development of whaling near the Galapagos Islands. The maps from the survey carried out in 1793, 1794 are inscribed by Captain James Colnett of the Royal Navy in the merchant-ship
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Due to Colnett's central role in the initial incident that sparked the international crisis, Colnett's account of his second fur trading voyage, including the events at Nootka Sound in 1789, was published in 1940, as part of the
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273:. His parents were James and Sarah (née Lang) Colnett. He had two older sisters and one younger brother. Very little is known about his life until he joined the Royal Navy as an able-bodied seaman in 1770.
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tried and likewise failed. Eventually Colnett was able to sell some of his furs in northern China. He then sailed for England with his remaining cargo, which he sold to the East India Company for ÂŁ9,760.
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305:. Colnett served as a midshipman during Cook's second voyage to the Pacific Ocean between 1772 and 1775. After returning to England in 1775, Colnett continued to serve in the Royal Navy during the
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under Portuguese rather than a British flag, which he felt was deceptive. After a complicated series of events, MartĂnez ended up with three captured ships and their crews, including the
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extension of Russian fur trading activity from Siberia to Alaska during the middle and later parts of the 18th century. Spain reacted not only by expanding the foothold already gained in
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be turned over at once, while Quimper explained his orders were to take it to the Philippines. Colnett became angry and prepared to seize the ship by force. The quarrel was calmed by
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carrying material and supplies obviously intended for the construction of a permanent base, but a group of Chinese laborers were also on board, one of the first examples of "
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After the initial crisis at Nootka Sound, James Colnett was taken to San Blas, New Spain, and kept under Spanish custody until released in May 1790. His company's ship, the
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was the Spanish commandant at Nootka. Colnett had been given a passport by the Vice Roy of New Spain allowing him to sail to Nootka Sound in order to receive the
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The British ships captured by MartĂnez, along with Colnett and his crew, still prisoners, were taken to the Spanish naval base at San Blas, Mexico. In Britain,
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imposed in early 1791 and lifted on 30 May 1792. Unable to sell his cargo, Colnett sailed to Japan in a bold but unsuccessful attempt to trade there. Thus the
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that became an international crisis that led Britain and Spain to the brink of war before being peacefully resolved through diplomacy and the signing of the
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327:. He rose in the ranks, passing his lieutenant's examination on 4 February 1779, and ten days later, on 14 February, he was appointed third lieutenant of
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also remained in order to carry out a second fur trading voyage starting the next year. Colnett was given command of another two-vessel expedition. The
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Although his primary focus was collecting sea otter pelts, Colnett explored the complex coastline in detail, apparently in hopes of finding the fabled
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that Colnett was not at Nootka. Therefore, Duncan did not stop there but instead continued trading for furs south of Nootka Sound, in the vicinity of
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their owners and pay them an indemnity. Both nations sent officials to Nootka Sound in order to carry out the details of the Nootka Conventions.
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to be located as "Quadra and Vancouver Island". Years later, as Spanish influence declined, the name was shortened to simply Vancouver Island.
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control, asserted Spanish sovereignty. After a heated exchange between the two men, MartĂnez had Colnett arrested, along with the crew of the
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1779:"Chart of the Galapagos, surveyed in the merchant ship Rattler, and drawn by Capt. James Colnett, of the Royal Navy. Corrections to 1832"
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During the first fur-trading venture Colnett was in command of a two-vessel expedition. Colnett himself was captain of the 171-ton ship
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arrived at Nootka Sound, the first phase of the crisis had already begun. The Spanish had taken control of the port and seized Captain
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as her first lieutenant. On 17 August 1786 he went on half pay as work for naval officers fell following the end of hostilities.
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There are several places named after James Colnett including BahĂa Colnett (bay) and nearby Cabo Colnett (cape) on Mexico's
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under Colnett was the first British ship to try to re-open trade with Japan since 1673, when the East India Company's ship
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A catalogue of the different specimens of cloth collected in the three voyages of Captain Cook, to the Southern Hemisphere
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in London on 1 September 1806. The bulk of his estate he left to his daughter, Elizabeth, although he had never married.
665:, under Robert Funter—all British fur trading vessels. MartĂnez was particularly troubled by the appearance of Colnett's
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to form a joint venture under the protection of the licenses, although the South Sea Company license applied only to the
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509:. Together they sailed to Canton, China, arriving in late November 1788. They sold their cargo of sea otter pelts. The
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northwest coast of America, from Nootka Sound northwards, were sold for high prices and great profit in Canton.
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The prisoners were eventually released and the ships returned. The Chinese workers were forced to help build
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was returned to his command. He was still not permitted to leave until July, after which he sailed north to
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645:. Soon after MartĂnez secured control of the Nootka Sound a number of other vessels arrived, including the
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During his voyage, Colnett became the first European to see parts of the southern Queen Charlotte Islands.
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was a key component of the new trade system. Colnett is remembered largely for his involvement in the
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1159:"A Voyage to the North West Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786–89 (book review)"
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462:. In Hawaii they were involved in several violent conflicts with the islanders, including one at
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A Voyage to the North West Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786-89 (book review)
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where he resumed his fur trading activities. In early 1791, he revisited Nootka Sound. By then
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In early 1789 Colnett was given command of the joint undertaking as a whole. As captain of the
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The journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut from April 26, 1789 to Nov. 3, 1791
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The journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut from April 26, 1789 to Nov. 3, 1791
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Almost a Hero The Voyages of John Meares, R.N., to China, Hawaii and the Northwest Coast
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was becalmed on an incoming tide. A Spanish longboat captured the ship and towed it in.
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Colnett joined the Royal Navy in June 1770, initially serving as an able seaman aboard
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of exploration. Later he led two private trading expeditions that involved collecting
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and was promoted to commander on 19 December 1794. He was given command of the sloop
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1105:. Argonaut Point, in Nootka Sound, British Columbia, is named for Colnett's ship,
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General Series. His first trading voyage journal remained unpublished until 2005.
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threatened war. France, a Spanish ally, was coping with the early stages of the
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The Indian and Pacific Correspondence of Sir Joseph Banks, 1768–1820,, Volume 6
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Voyage to the Northwest Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786-89
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811:. (sometimes known as Juan Kendrick) who had come to Nootka in 1788 aboard the
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At the Far Reaches of Empire: The Life of Juan Francisco De La Bodega Y Quadra
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but also by launching a series of exploration and reconnaissance voyages from
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until 7 March 1805, when he retired on half-pay. He died at his lodgings at
558:. She had a burthen of about 120 tons, and had been registered at Calcutta.
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During the time of Colnett's first voyage two other British ships, owned by
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The Spanish insult to the British flag at Nootka Sound. Colnett and the
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from September until December 1771, when both Cook and Colnett moved to
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Historical records of New South Wales. Vol. 5, King, 1803, 1804, 1805
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677:" labour in the Pacific Northwest. MartĂnez, whose warships gave him
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for Nootka Sound. Before arriving he heard from fellow fur trader
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maintained a trading post. Wintering in the recently discovered
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
819:, entered Spanish service as a pilot, and was now on board the
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of 1789—initially a dispute between British traders and the
1912:
David, Andrew C. F. "Colnett, James (bap. 1753, d. 1806)".
388:. The first voyage was under the aegis of the London-based
177:(c. 1753 – 1 September 1806) was an officer of the British
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the following day. His period of command was short-lived,
823:. Quimper slipped away at a convenient time and sailed to
1283:. University of British Columbia (UBC) Press. p. 2.
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were already anchored in the sound, one of which was the
361:. Afterwards, a second expedition was organized with the
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The journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
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The Journal of Captain James Colnett aboard the Argonaut
1027:; Cabo Colnett (cape) and nearby BahĂa Colnett (bay) in
932:, on what became his last Pacific voyage. In command of
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Royal Navy personnel of the American Revolutionary War
872:
Colnett returned to England after the outbreak of the
863:, and drawn by Capt. James Colnett, of the Royal Navy.
859:
Chart of the Galapagos, surveyed in the merchant ship
2585:
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
1325:. University of British Columbia Press. p. 352.
1209:
David (2004). "Colnett, James (bap. 1753, d. 1806)".
1985:, by Captain James Colnett, of the Royal Navy, 1798.
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served as Britain's representative at Nootka, while
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1606:The Voyage of George Vancouver 1791-1795, Volume 1
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1210:
2412:Observations Made During a Voyage Round the World
1976:The Wills of Captain Cook's Crew - James Colnett
1608:, ed: W. Kaye Lamb, Hakluyt Society, 1984, p.247
925:1802, he was appointed to command the transport
786:By the time Colnett arrived at Nootka Sound the
1552:. University of Washington Press. p. 178.
1522:
1520:
1729:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp.
1581:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp.
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1437:
1435:
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2004:
1657:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. p.
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8:
1252:"The Men who sailed with Captain James Cook"
1223:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2590:Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
2575:Military personnel from Devonport, Plymouth
2038:1769 transit of Venus observed from Tahiti
2011:
1997:
1989:
1813:A Voyage to the North West Side of America
901:, subsequently producing a report for the
409:. The second vessel was the 65-ton sloop
17:
1827:, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
909:on 4 October 1796 and appoint to command
517:, but James Colnett stayed in China. The
505:to Hawaii where he found Colnett and the
466:, during which between five and fourteen
1314:
1312:
635:, and more arrived later, including the
565:he gave over command of its tender, the
384:The second expedition culminated in the
2391:A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas
1970:Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
1914:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1421:Voyage to the Northwest Side of America
1304:Voyage to the Northwest Side of America
1220:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1213:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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201:of North America and selling them in
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1423:, pp. 9, 11, 17, 62, 99, 263-264, 32
752:Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra
533:Second fur trading voyage, 1789-1791
2367:Hawaii Sesquicentennial half dollar
1983:British merchants might be refitted
624:In 1789 a Spanish expedition under
501:. In August 1788 Duncan sailed the
401:First fur trading voyage, 1786-1788
2535:English explorers of North America
1356:. Champlain Society. p. xxi.
649:, under Thomas Hudson, along with
513:was taken back to England via the
14:
843:Later, in 1792, he sailed to the
2540:English explorers of the Pacific
2459:Puhi Kai Iti / Cook Landing Site
2062:
1460:. fn #2: Routledge. p. 240.
309:, being appointed gunner aboard
84:
64:
1500:Bodega y Quadra, Juan Francisco
1396:, Journal for Maritime Research
799:sailed it from San Blas to the
525:sailed under Colnett, with the
2560:18th-century British explorers
1897:. Lansdown Slattery & Co.
1710:. WSU Press. pp. 147–148.
316:on 1 January 1776 and then as
1:
2530:Explorers of British Columbia
2520:Circumnavigators of the globe
2398:Characteres generum plantarum
1918:. Revised version available
1825:NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS)
1161:. Oregon Historical Quarterly
920:was wrecked off the coast of
497:and near the entrance of the
1618:Fryer, Mary Beacock (1986).
1237:UK public library membership
455:encounters with some of the
307:American War of Independence
2550:History of Vancouver Island
1893:Bladen, F. M., ed. (1979).
1319:Tovell, Freeman M. (2008).
661:, under James Colnett, and
620:The Spanish claim the Sound
390:King George's Sound Company
338:until 1783, when he joined
2621:
2345:Fitzroy Gardens, Melbourne
1916:. Oxford University Press.
1624:. Dundurn Press. pp.
1549:Alaska: An American Colony
211:British East India Company
149:American Revolutionary War
2384:An Account of the Voyages
2060:
1785:. Royal Museums Greenwich
959:Baja California peninsula
874:French Revolutionary Wars
159:French Revolutionary Wars
2489:Voyage on a Dinner Table
2405:A Voyage Round the World
1922:(subscription required).
1546:Haycox, Stephen (2006).
1470:: CS1 maint: location (
2193:Johann Reinhold Forster
1933:Colnett, James (1940).
1721:Pethick, Derek (1980).
1706:Nokes, Richard (1998).
1649:Pethick, Derek (1980).
1573:Pethick, Derek (1980).
1456:Chambers, Neil (2021).
1346:Colnett, James (1940).
1277:Galois, Robert (2004).
1066:; and Mount Colnett on
703:. Hudson had taken the
437:Queen Charlotte Islands
435:in the vicinity of the
2481:Stormy Was the Weather
2446:James Cook Collection:
1978:, Captain Cook Society
1621:Battlefields of Canada
1392:17 August 2007 at the
1229:10.1093/ref:odnb/64852
1124:49.72056°N 126.49111°W
1093:49.17444°N 125.83722°W
864:
499:Strait of Juan de Fuca
381:
265:on 18 October 1753 at
1943:. Champlain Society.
1875:BC Geographical Names
1855:BC Geographical Names
1783:collections.rmg.co.uk
1684:, pp. xxviii, 119-120
905:. He was advanced to
858:
626:EstebĂ n JosĂ© MartĂnez
529:under Thomas Hudson.
451:they had a series of
375:
181:, an explorer, and a
1532:16 July 2009 at the
1129:49.72056; -126.49111
1098:49.17444; -125.83722
827:, arriving in June.
614:Prince William Sound
253:Colnett was born in
2605:Royal Navy captains
2580:Explorers of Alaska
2555:Royal Navy officers
2350:St Kilda, Melbourne
2183:Alexander Dalrymple
1120: /
1089: /
1050: /
1011: /
992:; Mount Colnett on
976: /
947:Great Ormond Street
731:and Prime Minister
669:. Not only was the
243:Champlain Society's
183:maritime fur trader
50:Great Ormond Street
2497:Captain James Cook
2248:Nathaniel Portlock
2020:Captain James Cook
1803:Bladen 1979, p.414
1015:20.517°S 164.700°E
980:30.950°N 116.283°W
938:Philip Gidley King
865:
777:Francisco de Eliza
743:Nootka Conventions
723:Nootka Conventions
700:North West America
663:North West America
441:Aristazabal Island
433:indigenous peoples
425:East India Company
382:
283:, and then aboard
235:Nootka Conventions
185:. He served under
2507:
2506:
2449:Australian Museum
2436:Birthplace Museum
2355:Hyde Park, Sydney
1968:Biography at the
1955:on 8 January 2016
1487:, p. xxi-xxii, 17
1368:on 8 January 2016
1332:978-0-7748-1367-9
1290:978-0-7748-0855-2
1235:(Subscription or
1054:54.733°S 64.317°W
845:Galapagos Islands
813:Columbia Rediviva
738:French Revolution
632:Columbia Rediviva
515:Cape of Good Hope
483:Northwest Passage
421:South Sea Company
294:under Lieutenant
261:in 1753, and was
199:Pacific Northwest
172:
171:
2612:
2340:The Mall, London
2243:Sydney Parkinson
2163:Alexander Buchan
2066:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1990:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1951:. Archived from
1917:
1908:
1880:
1879:
1870:"Argonaut Point"
1866:
1860:
1859:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1795:
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1790:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1757:
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1728:
1718:
1712:
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1703:
1697:
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1646:
1640:
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1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1580:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1543:
1537:
1536:, Beyond the Map
1524:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1469:
1461:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1424:
1418:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1364:. Archived from
1343:
1337:
1336:
1316:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1258:on 18 April 2010
1254:. Archived from
1247:
1241:
1240:
1232:
1216:
1206:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1155:
1135:
1134:
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1125:
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1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1072:British Columbia
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1059:-54.733; -64.317
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1029:Tierra del Fuego
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1020:-20.517; 164.700
1016:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1004:
991:
990:
988:
987:
986:
985:30.950; -116.283
981:
977:
974:
973:
972:
969:
815:with his father
809:John Kendrick Jr
748:George Vancouver
554:, and named her
449:British Columbia
231:Vancouver Island
225:over the use of
215:Hawaiian Islands
90:
88:
87:
79:
70:
68:
67:
47:1 September 1806
18:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2525:English sailors
2510:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2468:
2454:Memorial Museum
2424:
2371:
2307:
2268:Daniel Solander
2198:Tobias Furneaux
2136:
2067:
2058:
2022:
2017:
1958:
1956:
1932:
1929:
1911:
1905:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1850:"Mount Colnett"
1848:
1847:
1843:
1835:
1831:
1823:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
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1764:
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1692:
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1534:Wayback Machine
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1394:Wayback Machine
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998:
997:
984:
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978:
975:
970:
967:
965:
963:
962:
955:
870:
773:Clayoquot Sound
765:
763:Further trading
729:King George III
725:
717:Fort San Miguel
655:William Douglas
638:Lady Washington
622:
601:Alta California
596:
591:
544:Prince of Wales
535:
511:Prince of Wales
507:Prince of Wales
495:Clayoquot Sound
407:Prince of Wales
403:
352:Prince of Wales
269:parish church,
251:
168:
164:Napoleonic Wars
131:
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117:
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2283:James Trevenen
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2275:
2273:Herman Spöring
2270:
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2255:
2250:
2245:
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2235:
2230:
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2220:
2215:
2213:Zachary Hickes
2210:
2205:
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2173:Charles Clerke
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1927:External links
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1756:, pp. 229, 237
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1502:, ABCBookWorld
1489:
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1446:, ABCBookWorld
1444:Colnett, James
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805:Princess Royal
797:Manuel Quimper
788:Princess Royal
781:Princess Royal
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710:Princess Royal
705:Princess Royal
695:Princess Royal
647:Princess Royal
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585:and his ship.
575:Nuu-chah-nulth
567:Princess Royal
548:Princess Royal
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531:
527:Princess Royal
519:Princess Royal
503:Princess Royal
417:Charles Duncan
412:Princess Royal
402:
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380:made prisoner.
367:Princess Royal
358:Princess Royal
334:. He was with
250:
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2321:Death of Cook
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2301:
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2261:
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2256:
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2236:
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2211:
2209:
2208:Charles Green
2206:
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2196:
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2188:Georg Forster
2186:
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2178:James Colnett
2176:
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2158:William Bligh
2156:
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2044:Second voyage
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1527:Nootka Crisis
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589:Nootka Crisis
588:
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22:James Colnett
19:
16:
2565:1750s births
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2479:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2335:Christchurch
2320:
2228:David Nelson
2223:John Ledyard
2177:
2168:James Burney
2148:Joseph Banks
2130:
2122:
2114:
2106:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2049:Third voyage
2034:First voyage
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1953:the original
1939:
1913:
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1787:. Retrieved
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1370:. Retrieved
1366:the original
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1256:the original
1245:
1218:
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1163:. Retrieved
956:
942:
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912:
907:post-captain
897:
885:River Thames
879:
871:
860:
849:
842:
836:
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733:William Pitt
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445:Banks Island
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279:
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227:Nootka Sound
223:Spanish Navy
209:, where the
174:
173:
142:Battles/wars
134:
127:
120:
113:
15:
2570:1806 deaths
2545:Fur traders
2464:Cook Island
2298:John Webber
2253:Edward Riou
1768:, p. xxviii
1127: /
1115:126°29′28″W
1096: /
1084:125°50′14″W
1057: /
1018: /
983: /
891:aboard the
801:Philippines
643:Robert Gray
539:John Meares
491:John Meares
394:John Meares
336:Bienfaisant
331:Bienfaisant
2595:James Cook
2514:Categories
2473:Depictions
2319:Zoffany's
2293:John Watts
2218:James King
2141:Associates
2131:Resolution
1959:17 January
1935:F.W. Howay
1887:References
1372:17 January
1348:F.W. Howay
1262:16 January
1239:required.)
1165:15 January
1112:49°43′14″N
1081:49°10′28″N
1074:, Canada,
868:Later life
609:Juan PĂ©rez
594:Background
475:Juan PĂ©rez
464:Waimea Bay
302:Resolution
296:James Cook
292:midshipman
249:Early life
187:James Cook
179:Royal Navy
92:Royal Navy
60:Allegiance
2330:Anchorage
2203:John Gore
2129:HMS
2121:HMS
2115:Grenville
2113:HMS
2107:Endeavour
2105:HMS
2097:HMS
2091:Discovery
2089:HMS
2083:Adventure
2081:HMS
1514:, p. xxii
1466:cite book
1033:Argentina
927:HMS
911:HMS
903:Admiralty
896:HMS
878:HMS
651:Iphigenia
468:Hawaiians
460:Tsimshian
429:Cape Horn
340:HMS
329:HMS
324:Adventure
322:HMS
311:HMS
300:HMS
285:HMS
278:HMS
259:Devonport
195:sea otter
133:HMS
126:HMS
119:HMS
112:HMS
34:Devonport
2360:Victoria
2326:Statues
2312:Artworks
2123:Pembroke
1839:, p. xvi
1530:Archived
1408:, p. xxi
1390:Archived
1006:164°42′E
971:116°17′W
922:Brittany
833:Argonaut
769:Argonaut
691:Argonaut
687:Argonaut
683:Argonaut
679:de facto
671:Argonaut
667:Argonaut
659:Argonaut
641:, under
605:San Blas
579:Argonaut
571:Maquinna
563:Argonaut
556:Argonaut
523:Argonaut
457:Kitkatla
423:and the
415:, under
378:Argonaut
365:and the
363:Argonaut
287:Scorpion
271:Plymouth
263:baptised
108:Commands
78:Service/
2429:Related
2073:Vessels
2027:Voyages
1949:4536230
1937:(ed.).
1626:131–140
1362:4536230
1350:(ed.).
1045:64°19′W
1042:54°44′S
1003:20°31′S
968:30°57′N
943:Glatton
934:Glatton
929:Glatton
861:Rattler
850:Rattler
657:); the
583:Douglas
573:of the
135:Glatton
102:Captain
2500:(1986)
2492:(1954)
2484:(1948)
1947:
1920:online
1901:
1815:, p. 4
1789:6 June
1737:
1665:
1632:
1589:
1556:
1360:
1329:
1306:, p. 3
1287:
1233:
953:Legacy
918:Hussar
913:Hussar
893:galley
889:Boston
880:Merlin
837:Return
825:Manila
697:, and
675:coolie
443:, and
342:Pegase
318:master
280:Hazard
203:Canton
128:Hussar
114:Merlin
89:
80:branch
69:
54:London
2376:Books
2099:Eagle
2053:Death
1731:50–52
1583:22–23
1140:Notes
793:Macau
552:Macao
355:and
290:as a
255:Devon
207:China
38:Devon
2233:Omai
1961:2010
1945:OCLC
1899:ISBN
1791:2018
1735:ISBN
1663:ISBN
1630:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1554:ISBN
1472:link
1374:2010
1358:OCLC
1327:ISBN
1285:ISBN
1264:2010
1167:2010
898:Hawk
546:and
313:Juno
121:Hawk
98:Rank
44:Died
31:1753
28:Born
1225:doi
887:to
320:of
257:at
229:on
2516::
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1781:.
1733:.
1661:.
1659:51
1628:.
1585:.
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1492:^
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1464:{{
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1266:.
1231:.
1227::
1169:.
653:(
369:.
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