797:
38:
3987:
2300:
642:. This bond, if it existed, created a dangerous axis of power of independently minded men, forming a major rival to royal authority. When Douglas refused to break the bond with Ross, James broke into a fit of temper, stabbed Douglas 26 times and threw his body out of a window. His court officials (many of whom would rise to great influence in later years, often in former Douglas lands) then joined in the bloodbath, one allegedly striking out the earl's brain with an axe.
1170:. Set during 1437â1460, during the reign of James II of Scotland, the book describes the boy-king's time under regents Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas, Lord Crichton and Sir Alexander Livingston, and the plot to kill William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas at the "Black Dinner", seen through the eyes of Alexander Lyon, Master and then 2nd Lord of Glamis. The book ends with the death of James.
788:
Livingston of
Linlithgow were tried and executed on Castle Hill. Sir Alexander and his kinsmen were confined in different and distant castles. A single member of the family escaped the general proscription â James, the eldest son of Sir Alexander, who, after arrest and escape to the highlands, was restored in 1454 to the office of chamberlain to which he had been appointed in the summer of 1449.
560:
613:
place in 1439, and the assassination of his young
Douglas cousins, in which Livingston was complicit. Douglas and Crichton continued to dominate political power and the king continued to struggle to throw off their rule. Between 1451 and 1455, he struggled to free himself from the power of the Douglases. Attempts to curb it took place in 1451, during the absence of
612:
In 1449, James II reached adulthood, but he had to struggle to gain control of his kingdom. The
Douglases, probably with his cooperation, used his coming of age as a way to throw the Livingstons out of the shared government, as the young king took revenge for the arrest of his mother that had taken
692:
exile. James finally had the freedom to govern as he wished, and one can argue that his successors as kings of Scots never faced such a powerful challenge to their authority again. Along with the forfeiture of the Albany
Stewarts in the reign of James I, the destruction of the Black Douglases saw
676:
Military campaigns ended indecisively, and some have argued that James stood in serious danger of being overthrown, or of having to flee the country. But James's patronage of lands, titles and office to allies of the
Douglases saw their erstwhile allies begin to change sides, most importantly the
537:
in
November 1440. They came and were entertained at the royal table, where James, still a little boy, was charmed by them. However, while they ate, a black bull's head, a symbol of death, was brought in and placed before the Earl. They were treacherously hurried to their doom, which took place by
787:
In
Scotland, the king's marriage led to his emancipation from tutelage, and to the downfall of the Livingstons. In the autumn Sir Alexander and other members of the family were arrested. At a parliament in Edinburgh on 19 January 1450, Alexander Livingston, a son of Sir Alexander, and Robert
525:
on 3 August 1439. They were released on 4 September only by making a formal agreement to put James in the custody of the
Livingstons, agreeing to the queen's relinquishment of her dowry for his maintenance, and confessing that Livingston had acted through zeal for the king's safety.
1158:â are a trio of history plays by Rona Munro. Each play stands alone as a vision of a country tussling with its past and future. This play focuses on the early life of James II, the developing relationships with the Douglas family and the eventual death of Lord Douglas.
403:, he socialised often, in times of peace and war. His legislation has a markedly popular character. He does not appear to have inherited his father's taste for literature, which was shared by at least two of his sisters; but the foundation of the
842:
stated in his history of James's reign that "as the King stood near a piece of artillery, his thigh bone was dug in two with a piece of misframed gun that brake in shooting, by which he was stricken to the ground and died hastily."
713:
nonetheless did not succeed. The king traveled the country and has been argued to have originated the practice of raising money by giving remissions for serious crimes. It has also been argued that some of the unpopular policies of
1199:(1977) by Margaret J. Anderson. His nickname and the birthmark which inspired it are both described, and one of the main characters witnesses the Battle of Roxburgh Castle and the explosion of "the Lion" that kills him.
3005:
768:. A tournament took place before James at Stirling, on 25 February 1449, between James, master of Douglas, another James, brother to the Laird of Lochleven, and two knights of Burgundy, one of whom,
2429:
1002:
John
Stewart, Lord of Sticks (d. 21 September 1523), ancestor of the Stewarts of Arnagang, Ballechin, Innervack, Killichassie, the later Kynachins, Loch of Clunie and Stewartfield.
4020:
2998:
4575:
688:
declared the extensive
Douglas lands forfeit and permanently annexed them to the crown, along with many other lands, finances and castles. The earl fled into a long
4682:
2991:
4531:
3775:
2422:
542:, their chief adherent, shared the same fate. The king, being a small child, had nothing to do with this. This infamous incident took the name of "the
4293:
4013:
630:, a near-contemporary but fragmentary source. According to its account, the king accused the Earl (probably with justification) of forging links with
721:
In 1458, an Act of Parliament commanded the king to modify his behaviour, but one cannot say how his reign would have developed had he lived longer.
4541:
4497:
309:, he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of six, following the assassination of his father. The first Scottish monarch not to be crowned at
4722:
4712:
4227:
1095:
669:. James attempted to seize Douglas's lands, but his opponents repeatedly forced him into humiliating climbdowns, whereby he returned the lands to
639:
538:
beheading in the castle yard of Edinburgh on 24 November, with the 10-year-old king pleading for their lives. Three days later Malcolm Fleming of
518:
463:
2047:
4737:
4702:
4261:
2415:
1178:(1968), by Nigel Tranter, covers events up to the killing of the 8th Earl of Douglas, is sympathetic to the earl and unsympathetic to James II.
724:
James II is the first Scots monarch for whom a contemporary likeness has survived, in the form of a woodcut showing his birthmark on the face.
490:
455:
revoked alienations of crown property and prohibited them, without the consent of the Estates, that is, until James II's eighteenth birthday.
110:
1190:, mentions his intrigues and wars as part of the international milieu of the time, especially as they impact Flanders, the scene of the novel.
2266:
2227:
1993:
1824:
1738:
577:
4727:
4288:
4006:
1472:
1091:
1083:
614:
530:
479:
424:
128:
1809:
412:
377:
4437:
4406:
4390:
4359:
4308:
3863:
3811:
2377:
1897:
1498:
1103:
498:
346:
116:
1863:
1728:
733:
4717:
4482:
4196:
670:
506:
447:, although hurt, managed to get to her six-year-old son, who was now king. On 25 March 1437, he was formally crowned King of Scots at
4732:
4349:
4217:
4186:
2295:
2245:
2174:
1143:
1099:
936:
847:
631:
599:
510:
122:
681:, and in May 1455, James struck a decisive blow against the Douglases, and they were finally defeated at the Battle of Arkinholm.
4707:
4554:
4477:
4411:
4318:
4303:
4269:
4207:
3879:
2207:
1650:
1592:
1139:
1051:
1047:
290:
4487:
772:
was the most celebrated knight-errant of the time. The marriage was celebrated at Holyrood on 3 July 1449. A French chronicler,
4677:
4585:
4421:
4364:
4339:
4248:
3795:
3768:
984:
920:
255:
250:
4595:
4222:
4181:
581:
2095:
493:, headed the government as lieutenant-general of the realm. After his death, and with a general lack of prominent earls in
1556:
971:
824:
444:
342:
317:
in March 1437. After a reign characterised by struggles to maintain control of his kingdom, he was killed by an exploding
245:
748:
envoy came to Scotland and was concluded by an embassy under Crichton the chancellor in September 1448. Her great-uncle,
4590:
4354:
4232:
4176:
3665:
3628:
2951:
2143:
1135:
958:
839:
240:
4546:
4502:
1019:
796:
4605:
4385:
3909:
3390:
2762:
1078:(1905). The two novels cover events from 1439 to 1460, including most of the reign of James II. His conflict with the
502:
3379:
3321:
2752:
2701:
816:, which he used with some success against the Black Douglases. His ambitions to increase Scotland's standing saw him
4697:
4212:
3925:
3917:
3761:
3675:
3353:
2727:
2446:
2192:
1071:
932:
817:
761:
399:
James was a politic and singularly successful king. He was popular with the commoners, with whom, like most of the
570:
4687:
3670:
3465:
3410:
3018:
2842:
2782:
2681:
2438:
2350:
2125:
943:
408:
380:
at Holyrood Abbey. They had seven children, six of whom survived into adulthood. Subsequently, relations between
302:
235:
48:
2646:
1118:. The events take place primarily in Scotland, secondary in France. There is mention of the early phases of the
4692:
4647:
4600:
4043:
3973:
3471:
3460:
3166:
3022:
3014:
2847:
2837:
1027:
373:
2631:
2611:
2197:
4742:
3440:
3435:
3420:
3395:
3102:
2817:
2812:
2792:
2767:
2591:
37:
4171:
4130:
3619:
3504:
3450:
3425:
3400:
3385:
3257:
3092:
2946:
2886:
2827:
2807:
2797:
2772:
2757:
1262:
685:
452:
416:
701:
Between 1455 and 1460, James II proved to be an active and interventionist king. Ambitious plans to take
4631:
4626:
4526:
4344:
4323:
4156:
4117:
3901:
3827:
3609:
3519:
3499:
3430:
3368:
3358:
3348:
3227:
3222:
3195:
3156:
3151:
2931:
2901:
2881:
2802:
2742:
2732:
2722:
2399:
2360:
1236:
1107:
904:
859:
715:
404:
230:
88:
3328:
3314:
3066:
2706:
2696:
773:
2291:
752:
settled sixty thousand crowns on his kinswoman, and her dower of ten thousand was secured on lands in
4672:
4667:
4559:
4492:
4445:
4380:
3887:
3835:
3587:
3534:
3524:
3487:
3405:
3262:
3217:
3207:
3201:
3190:
3184:
3134:
2926:
2916:
2906:
2876:
2865:
2853:
2777:
2581:
1039:
626:
396:
on his face, which appears to have been deemed by contemporaries an outward sign of a fiery temper.
4610:
4536:
4416:
4298:
4253:
4125:
3803:
3614:
3567:
3509:
3445:
3242:
3232:
3212:
3178:
2936:
2891:
2822:
2368:
2343:
2081:
1320:
1055:
1043:
666:
494:
385:
358:
338:
306:
280:
78:
20:
4580:
4135:
3651:
3289:
3237:
3161:
2970:
2966:
2941:
2571:
2526:
2137:
1530:
769:
689:
483:
467:
1022:. The novel covers events from 1440 to 1452. Mostly covering the conflict of James II with the
4507:
3284:
3145:
3097:
2471:
2262:
2241:
2223:
2170:
1989:
1821:
1734:
1379:
1119:
745:
678:
645:
This murder did not end the power of the Douglases but rather created a state of intermittent
635:
214:
4191:
4101:
4091:
4058:
3784:
3602:
3592:
3482:
3455:
3307:
3139:
3059:
3052:
2871:
2832:
2691:
2626:
2384:
2314:
2286:
1817:
1618:
1079:
1059:
1023:
851:
805:
741:
534:
369:
354:
194:
4081:
4073:
4068:
4029:
3597:
3342:
3172:
3124:
3114:
3108:
2716:
2511:
2196:
1864:"Joan [nĂ©e Joan Beaufort] (d. 1445), queen of Scots, consort of James I 1394â1437"
1187:
838:. On 3 August, he was standing near one of these cannons when it exploded and killed him.
820:
801:
749:
618:
522:
514:
440:
436:
400:
322:
310:
270:
165:
2983:
2299:
1011:
James II has been depicted in plays, historical novels and short stories. They include:
529:
In 1440, in the king's name, an invitation is said to have been sent to the 16-year-old
4461:
4063:
4053:
4048:
3871:
3695:
3582:
3539:
3493:
3278:
2921:
2466:
2155:
1983:
1294:
1115:
871:
475:
448:
362:
334:
314:
181:
148:
517:. Taking advantage of these events, Livingston placed Queen Joan and her new husband,
361:, and the six-year-old James immediately succeeded him as James II. He was crowned in
4661:
4096:
4086:
2476:
2151:
1988:. Internet Archive. Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin Press. p. 173.
1167:
850:, and the castle fell a few days later. Once the castle was captured, James's widow,
654:
471:
459:
350:
169:
3720:
3477:
2859:
2536:
543:
3072:
2636:
2256:
2217:
2013:
497:
due to deaths, forfeiture or youth, political power became shared uneasily among
3965:
3957:
3725:
3710:
3295:
2616:
2596:
2556:
2521:
2407:
2258:
The Late Medieval Scottish Parliament: Politics and the Three Estates, 1424-1488
710:
559:
539:
423:. He possessed much of his father's restless energy. However, his murder of the
1086:
to death (1452) and James's own death due to a bursting cannon at the siege of
3941:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3267:
3129:
2666:
2621:
2566:
2551:
2546:
2491:
2202:
1131:
823:
in 1460, one of the last Scottish castles still held by the English after the
765:
753:
482:, had left Scotland for France in 1436 to marry the Dauphin Louis (later King
420:
411:
shows that he encouraged learning; there are also traces of his endowments to
65:
1054:. The novel covers their travels to foreign courts, including those of young
780:
in Mary's suite remained in Scotland, and the relations between Scotland and
3933:
3715:
3685:
3272:
3247:
2661:
2656:
2586:
2576:
2541:
2501:
2481:
2282:
2099:
855:
813:
776:
gives a graphic account of the ceremony and the feasts which followed. Many
732:
646:
393:
3373:
2747:
513:, who had possession of the young king as the warden of the stronghold of
3949:
3705:
3252:
3077:
2641:
2606:
2601:
2561:
2516:
2496:
2486:
2461:
1111:
1087:
1042:. James II is a secondary character. The main characters are his sisters
835:
781:
777:
706:
658:
381:
368:
On 3 July 1449, the eighteen-year-old James married the fifteen-year-old
1985:
City, marriage, tournament : arts of rule in late medieval Scotland
42:
Contemporary image of the king, showing his distinctive facial birthmark
3855:
3623:
3529:
2911:
2671:
2531:
2506:
2456:
2082:""Project Gutenberg's Two Penniless Princesses, by Charlotte M. Yonge""
662:
650:
584: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
533:, and his younger brother, twelve-year-old David, to visit the king at
265:
3415:
3363:
3087:
3082:
2787:
2737:
831:
757:
702:
318:
3753:
1026:. Part of the action takes place far from Scotland, at the court of
3998:
3335:
2711:
2651:
1820::10.1093/acref/9780199550371.001.0001/acref-9780199550371-e-1886,
1195:
Appears as a background character in the children's fantasy novel
795:
731:
3119:
2130:
The Black Douglases â War and Lordship in late Medieval Scotland
862:
and Mary acted as regent until her own death three years later.
4002:
3757:
2987:
2411:
1896:, (Foreword by The Rt Hon. The Earl of Elgin KT, Convenor, The
998:
By his unknown mistress, James also left one illegitimate son:
305:
from 1437 until his death in 1460. The eldest surviving son of
784:, already friendly under James I, consequently became closer.
553:
458:
He lived along with his mother and five of his six sisters at
2014:"Scottish Monarchs â Kings and Queens of Scotland â James II"
1094:
and his brother David (mostly their violent deaths in 1440),
3985:
1888:
1886:
1884:
617:
from Scotland, and culminated with the murder of Douglas at
2157:
The History of the King's Works. Volume II: The Middle Ages
1122:(1455â1485) but English events are only "slightly touched".
345:. By his first birthday, his only brother, his older twin,
1090:(1460). Among the other historical figures depicted are
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
435:
James's father was assassinated on 21 February 1437 at
874:, Edinburgh, on 3 July 1449. They had seven children:
2154:; Brown, R.A. (1963), "The Royal Castles 1066â1485",
2037:
Colvin and Brown (1963), p. 819; Salter (1985), p. 17
1082:
is prominently featured. Including James II stabbing
649:
between 1452 and 1455. The main engagements were at
624:
The main account of Douglas's murder comes from the
4619:
4568:
4516:
4470:
4454:
4430:
4399:
4373:
4332:
4281:
4241:
4164:
4144:
4110:
4036:
2680:
2445:
693:royal power in Scotland take a major step forward.
286:
276:
264:
213:
188:
176:
155:
142:
138:
94:
84:
74:
64:
54:
47:
30:
1913:, Chapter 4, Appendix 2 (The Auchinleck Chronicle)
1730:Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy
2219:A Guide to the Best Historical Novels and Tales
1894:Collins Scottish Clan & Family Encyclopedia
2211:. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
2198:"James II (1430â1460), king of Scotland"
2048:"History of the Stewarts; Family Lines, JAMES"
4014:
3769:
2999:
2423:
830:For this siege, James took a large number of
462:until 1439. In July 1439, his mother married
8:
4523:Charles James, Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay
846:The Scots carried on with the siege, led by
4532:Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
3566:Monarchs of England and Scotland after the
1713:
1711:
1709:
489:From 1437 to 1439, the king's first cousin
4150:
4021:
4007:
3999:
3776:
3762:
3754:
3743:Debated or disputed rulers are in italics.
3642:
3558:
3036:
3031:
3006:
2992:
2984:
2430:
2416:
2408:
2305:
2298:
2007:
2005:
1217:
1208:
812:James II enthusiastically promoted modern
36:
27:
2160:, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office
2096:""Edinburgh International Festival 2014""
600:Learn how and when to remove this message
4324:Annabella, Countess of Geneva and Huntly
2067:
2065:
2063:
2061:
1892:Way, George and Squire, Romily; (1994),
876:
464:James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorne
4159:, first monarch of the House of Stewart
1868:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1705:
1098:(protagonist of the second novel), Sir
1096:Margaret Douglas, Fair Maid of Galloway
718:actually originated in the late 1450s.
673:, and a brief and uneasy peace ensued.
640:Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Crawford
108:
4683:Alumni of the University of St Andrews
4627:Charles Edward "Bonnie Prince Charlie"
4155:The generations indicate descent from
2135:
1960:
1948:
1850:
1838:
1796:
1784:
1772:
1760:
1572:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1336:
1226:
1222:
491:Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas
392:, referred to a conspicuous vermilion
313:, James II's coronation took place at
301:(16 October 1430 â 3 August 1460) was
111:Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Douglas
4606:James Francis Edward, Prince of Wales
4462:James VI of Scotland and I of England
1648:
1638:
1634:
1622:
1616:
1606:
1590:
1580:
1576:
1560:
1554:
1544:
1528:
1518:
1514:
1502:
1496:
1486:
1470:
1460:
1456:
1432:
1422:
1409:
1399:
1395:
1383:
1377:
1367:
1355:10. Sir John Drummond, 11th of Lennox
1354:
1344:
1340:
1324:
1318:
1308:
1292:
1282:
1278:
1266:
1260:
1250:
1234:
1230:
7:
1473:John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster
1092:William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas
1084:William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas
615:William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas
582:adding citations to reliable sources
531:William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas
505:(sometimes in co-operation with the
129:William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas
2132:. East Linton 1998: Tuckwell Press.
1898:Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs
1499:John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset
1104:William Crichton, 1st Lord Crichton
915:James's successor as King of Scots
800:James II died outside the walls of
499:William Crichton, 1st Lord Crichton
365:by Abbot Patrick on 23 March 1437.
357:. On 21 February 1437, James I was
117:William Crichton, 1st Lord Crichton
870:James married Mary of Guelders at
750:Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy,
671:James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas
349:, had died, thus leaving James as
14:
4498:Robert, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne
2296:National Portrait Gallery, London
2292:Portraits of James II of Scotland
1212:Ancestors of James II of Scotland
1144:National Theatre of Great Britain
1100:Alexander Livingston of Callendar
937:James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton
848:George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus
684:In the months that followed, the
632:John Macdonald, 11th Earl of Ross
511:Alexander Livingston of Callendar
4478:Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales
2208:Dictionary of National Biography
1982:Fradenburg, Louise Olga (1991).
1593:Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent
1140:Edinburgh International Festival
558:
4299:Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria
4228:Elizabeth, Countess of Crawford
3043:Monarchs of Scotland until 1603
2285:at the official website of the
1814:A Dictionary of British History
921:Mary Stewart, Countess of Arran
740:Negotiations for a marriage to
569:needs additional citations for
203:
16:King of Scots from 1437 to 1460
4723:Lord high stewards of Scotland
4713:15th-century Scottish monarchs
3040:Monarchs of England until 1603
2183:McGladdery, Christine (2015).
1727:Weir, Alison (18 April 2011).
1717:Grants "Old and New Edinburgh"
1134:. A co-production between the
1128:James II: Day of The Innocents
736:A portrait of Mary of Guelders
1:
4738:Deaths by firearm in Scotland
4703:Accidental deaths in Scotland
4560:Henrietta, Duchess of Orléans
4294:Isabella, Duchess of Brittany
4262:Margaret, Countess of Douglas
4197:Isabella, Countess of Douglas
2439:Pictish and Scottish monarchs
1829:, retrieved 11 September 2024
972:John, Earl of Mar and Garioch
858:. James's son became king as
427:leaves a stain on his reign.
246:John, Earl of Mar and Garioch
4591:Anne, Queen of Great Britain
4289:Margaret, Dauphine of France
2238:Discovering Scottish Castles
2167:Scotland's Historic Heraldry
1136:National Theatre of Scotland
1030:, father-in-law to the King.
840:Robert Lindsay of Pitscottie
550:Struggles with the Douglases
388:improved. James's nickname,
4728:15th-century Scottish peers
4483:Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia
4309:Alexander, Duke of Rothesay
4213:Marjorie, Countess of Moray
4208:Margaret, Lady of the Isles
3650:British monarchs after the
2165:McAndrew, Bruce A. (2006),
1816:, Oxford University Press,
744:began in July 1447, when a
677:Earl of Crawford after the
503:Lord Chancellor of Scotland
4759:
4576:Charles, Duke of Cambridge
2240:. Shire Publications Ltd.
1566:
1450:
1330:
1224:
1072:Samuel Rutherford Crockett
933:Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran
521:, under "house arrest" at
220:
18:
4718:Burials at Holyrood Abbey
4644:
4555:Henry, Duke of Gloucester
4350:Alexander, Duke of Albany
4218:David, Earl of Strathearn
4187:Alexander, Earl of Buchan
4153:
4126:Stewart of Castle Stewart
3983:
3791:
3738:
3661:
3645:
3641:
3578:
3561:
3557:
3034:
3030:
2960:
2391:
2382:
2374:
2367:
2357:
2348:
2340:
2335:
2308:
2187:. Edinburgh: John Donald.
2018:www.englishmonarchs.co.uk
1636:
1628:
1600:
1578:
1574:
1538:
1516:
1508:
1480:
1458:
1454:
1416:
1397:
1389:
1361:
1342:
1338:
1302:
1280:
1272:
1244:
1228:
953:
944:Alexander, Duke of Albany
896:
888:
885:
882:
879:
337:. He was the son of King
236:Alexander, Duke of Albany
35:
4733:Firearm accident victims
4601:Edgar, Duke of Cambridge
4586:James, Duke of Cambridge
4412:Arthur, Duke of Rothesay
4319:Mary, Countess of Buchan
4304:Joan, Countess of Morton
4270:Elizabeth, Lady Dalkeith
4044:High Steward of Scotland
2216:Nield, Jonathan (1968),
2169:, Boydell & Brewer,
2142:: CS1 maint: location (
1036:Two Penniless Princesses
1028:Arnold, Duke of Guelders
1016:The Captain of the Guard
374:Arnold, Duke of Guelders
123:Sir Alexander Livingston
19:Not to be confused with
4708:Medieval child monarchs
4596:Charles, Duke of Kendal
4438:James, Duke of Rothesay
4422:Alexander, Duke of Ross
4407:James, Duke of Rothesay
4340:Mary, Countess of Arran
4266:Mary, Countess of Angus
4249:David, Duke of Rothesay
2255:Tanner, Roland (2001).
256:Mary, Countess of Arran
4678:15th-century murderers
4442:Robert, Duke of Albany
4223:Walter, Earl of Atholl
4192:Elizabeth, Lady Erroll
4182:Robert, Duke of Albany
4172:Robert III of Scotland
4131:Stewart of Balquhidder
3990:
2447:Monarchs of the Picts
2052:www.stewartsociety.org
1808:Cannon, John (2009), "
1263:Robert III of Scotland
809:
737:
686:Parliament of Scotland
453:Parliament of Scotland
4345:James III of Scotland
4157:Robert II of Scotland
3989:
2682:Monarchs of the Scots
2310:James II of Scotland
2236:Salter, Mike (1985).
1237:Robert II of Scotland
1108:Charles VII of France
799:
735:
621:on 22 February 1452.
478:. His oldest sister,
415:, the new college of
405:University of Glasgow
4632:Henry, Cardinal York
4611:Louisa Maria Theresa
4493:Charles I of England
4446:Mary, Queen of Scots
4381:James IV of Scotland
4355:David, Earl of Moray
4314:James II of Scotland
4233:Egidia, Lady Douglas
4177:Walter, Earl of Fife
4122:Stewart of Ballechin
3620:William III & II
3185:Henry the Young King
3135:Edward the Confessor
3103:Ăthelred the Unready
2763:Constantine III (IV)
2728:Constantine II (III)
1951:, pp. 201, 204.
1435:James II of Scotland
1146:. The James Plays â
1040:Charlotte Mary Yonge
1007:Fictional portrayals
959:David, Earl of Moray
825:Wars of Independence
627:Auchinleck Chronicle
578:improve this article
466:, after obtaining a
443:. His mother, Queen
407:during his reign by
241:David, Earl of Moray
4417:James V of Scotland
4386:James, Duke of Ross
4254:James I of Scotland
3568:Union of the Crowns
2793:Malcolm III Canmore
2369:Peerage of Scotland
2222:, Ayer Publishing,
2071:Nield (1968), p. 52
1937:Scottish Parliament
1924:The Black Douglases
1321:James I of Scotland
1197:In the Keep of Time
1056:Henry VI of England
667:Battle of Arkinholm
378:Catherine of Cleves
307:James I of Scotland
281:James I of Scotland
21:James II of England
4136:Stewart of Darnley
3991:
3652:Acts of Union 1707
3615:James II & VII
3308:Kenneth I MacAlpin
3093:Edgar the Peaceful
2866:Second Interregnum
2833:William I the Lion
2702:Constantine I (II)
2692:Kenneth I MacAlpin
2396:Title next held by
2261:. Tuckwell Press.
1799:, pp. 140â41.
1531:Katherine Swynford
931:Wife of (firstly)
810:
774:Mathieu d'Escouchy
770:Jacques de Lalaing
738:
484:Louis XI of France
468:papal dispensation
417:Archbishop Kennedy
333:James was born in
58:21 February 1437 â
4698:Dukes of Rothesay
4655:
4654:
4640:
4639:
4391:John, Earl of Mar
4360:John, Earl of Mar
3996:
3995:
3785:Dukes of Rothesay
3751:
3750:
3734:
3733:
3637:
3636:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3098:Edward the Martyr
2981:
2980:
2854:First Interregnum
2406:
2405:
2358:Succeeded by
2268:978-1-86232-174-8
2229:978-0-8337-2509-7
2102:on 20 August 2017
1995:978-0-299-12950-7
1826:978-0-19-955037-1
1740:978-1-4464-4911-0
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1410:11. Mary Montifex
1380:Anabella Drummond
1120:Wars of the Roses
1110:and his Dauphin (
1068:The Black Douglas
996:
995:
966:Before July 1457
679:Battle of Brechin
636:Lord of the Isles
610:
609:
602:
519:Sir James Stewart
296:
295:
4750:
4688:Scottish princes
4201:Jean, Lady Keith
4151:
4118:Stewart of Appin
4102:Earl of Galloway
4092:Marquess of Bute
4059:Duke of Richmond
4030:House of Stewart
4023:
4016:
4009:
4000:
3988:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3755:
3643:
3603:Richard Cromwell
3593:The Protectorate
3583:James I & VI
3559:
3140:Harold Godwinson
3060:Edward the Elder
3053:Alfred the Great
3037:
3032:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2985:
2974:
2965:also monarch of
2432:
2425:
2418:
2409:
2385:Duke of Rothesay
2375:Preceded by
2341:Preceded by
2331:
2324:
2315:House of Stewart
2306:
2302:
2287:British monarchy
2272:
2251:
2232:
2212:
2200:
2188:
2179:
2161:
2147:
2141:
2133:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2098:. Archived from
2092:
2086:
2085:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1920:
1914:
1907:
1901:
1890:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1860:
1854:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1745:
1744:
1733:. Random House.
1724:
1718:
1715:
1619:Margaret Holland
1218:
1209:
1164:The Lion's Whelp
1080:earls of Douglas
1024:earls of Douglas
877:
852:Mary of Guelders
804:when one of his
742:Mary of Guelders
605:
598:
594:
591:
585:
562:
554:
535:Edinburgh Castle
507:Earl of Avondale
370:Mary of Guelders
355:Duke of Rothesay
251:Margaret Stewart
224:
207:
205:
195:Mary of Guelders
162:
105:
40:
28:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4693:House of Stuart
4658:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4636:
4620:12th generation
4615:
4569:11th generation
4564:
4517:10th generation
4512:
4466:
4450:
4426:
4395:
4369:
4328:
4277:
4237:
4204:Katherine Logan
4160:
4146:
4140:
4106:
4082:Duke of Aubigny
4074:King of Ireland
4069:King of England
4032:
4027:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3981:
3880:Henry Frederick
3787:
3782:
3752:
3747:
3730:
3657:
3633:
3598:Oliver Cromwell
3574:
3549:
3544:
3391:Constantine III
3300:
3125:Harold Harefoot
3115:Edmund Ironside
3026:
3021: and
3012:
2982:
2977:
2964:
2956:
2683:
2676:
2632:Constantine (I)
2512:Galam Cennalath
2448:
2441:
2436:
2397:
2388:
2380:
2363:
2354:
2346:
2325:
2323:16 October 1430
2319:
2318:
2311:
2279:
2269:
2254:
2248:
2235:
2230:
2215:
2191:
2182:
2177:
2164:
2150:
2134:
2124:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2059:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2012:Mahoney, Mike.
2011:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1947:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1921:
1917:
1908:
1904:
1900:), pp. 384â385.
1891:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1807:
1803:
1795:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1748:
1741:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1206:
1188:Dorothy Dunnett
1074:and its sequel
1009:
868:
821:Roxburgh Castle
802:Roxburgh Castle
794:
730:
699:
619:Stirling Castle
606:
595:
589:
586:
575:
563:
552:
523:Stirling Castle
515:Stirling Castle
433:
425:earl of Douglas
409:Bishop Turnbull
353:with the title
331:
323:Roxburgh Castle
260:
218:
217:
209:
206: 1449)
201:
197:
184:
166:Roxburgh Castle
164:
160:
147:
146:16 October 1430
134:
107:
106:
101:
59:
43:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4756:
4754:
4746:
4745:
4743:Scottish twins
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4660:
4659:
4653:
4652:
4645:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4623:
4621:
4617:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4570:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4472:
4471:9th generation
4468:
4467:
4465:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4455:8th generation
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4443:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4431:7th generation
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4403:
4401:
4400:6th generation
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4375:
4374:5th generation
4371:
4370:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4336:
4334:
4333:4th generation
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4285:
4283:
4282:3rd generation
4279:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4272:
4267:
4264:
4259:
4256:
4251:
4245:
4243:
4242:2nd generation
4239:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4165:1st generation
4162:
4161:
4154:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4120:
4114:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4078:Lord of Sticks
4076:
4071:
4066:
4064:Duke of Albany
4061:
4056:
4054:Duke of Lennox
4051:
4049:Earl of Lennox
4046:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4033:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4003:
3994:
3993:
3984:
3982:
3980:
3979:
3977:(2022âpresent)
3971:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3939:
3931:
3923:
3915:
3907:
3899:
3895:Charles James
3893:
3885:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3801:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3758:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3646:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3562:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3494:Edward Balliol
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3354:Constantine II
3351:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3293:
3282:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3181:
3176:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3146:Edgar Ătheling
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3041:
3035:
3028:
3027:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2988:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2862:
2857:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2403:
2395:
2390:
2381:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2356:
2347:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2336:Regnal titles
2333:
2332:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2303:
2289:
2278:
2277:External links
2275:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2252:
2246:
2233:
2228:
2213:
2193:Mackay, A.J.G.
2189:
2180:
2175:
2162:
2148:
2126:Brown, Michael
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2087:
2073:
2057:
2039:
2030:
2001:
1994:
1974:
1965:
1953:
1941:
1928:
1915:
1902:
1880:
1855:
1843:
1841:, p. 136.
1831:
1825:
1801:
1789:
1787:, p. 140.
1777:
1775:, p. 141.
1765:
1763:, p. 137.
1746:
1739:
1719:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1653:
1651:Alice FitzAlan
1647:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:Elizabeth Mure
1291:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1214:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1191:
1184:NiccolĂČ Rising
1180:
1179:
1172:
1171:
1160:
1159:
1124:
1123:
1064:
1063:
1032:
1031:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
994:
993:
990:
987:
981:
980:
977:
974:
968:
967:
964:
961:
955:
954:
952:
949:
946:
940:
939:
929:
926:
923:
917:
916:
913:
910:
907:
901:
900:
898:
895:
891:
890:
887:
884:
881:
872:Holyrood Abbey
867:
864:
854:, ordered its
834:imported from
793:
790:
729:
726:
698:
697:Energetic rule
695:
608:
607:
566:
564:
557:
551:
548:
449:Holyrood Abbey
432:
429:
413:St. Salvator's
372:, daughter of
363:Holyrood Abbey
335:Holyrood Abbey
330:
327:
315:Holyrood Abbey
294:
293:
288:
284:
283:
278:
274:
273:
268:
262:
261:
259:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
227:
225:
211:
210:
199:
193:
192:
190:
186:
185:
182:Holyrood Abbey
180:
178:
174:
173:
163:(aged 29)
157:
153:
152:
149:Holyrood Abbey
144:
140:
139:
136:
135:
133:
132:
126:
120:
114:
100:
99:
98:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4755:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4650:
4649:
4643:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4515:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4453:
4447:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4143:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4097:Earl of March
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4087:Earl of Moray
4085:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4024:
4019:
4017:
4012:
4010:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3942:Albert Edward
3940:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3786:
3779:
3774:
3772:
3767:
3765:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3467:
3466:Alexander III
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3322:Constantine I
3319:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3009:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2972:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Alexander III
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2684:(traditional)
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2477:Galan Erilich
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2449:(traditional)
2444:
2440:
2433:
2428:
2426:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2402:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2351:King of Scots
2345:
2339:
2334:
2330:3 August 1460
2329:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2307:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2253:
2249:
2247:0-85263-749-7
2243:
2239:
2234:
2231:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2178:
2176:9781843832614
2172:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2101:
2097:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2043:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2019:
2015:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1810:Joan Beaufort
1805:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1557:Joan Beaufort
1552:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1232:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:Black Douglas
1174:
1173:
1169:
1168:Nigel Tranter
1165:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:Maid Margaret
1073:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1060:René of Anjou
1057:
1053:
1052:Joan ("Jean")
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1006:
1001:
1000:
999:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
960:
957:
956:
951:7 August 1485
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
938:
935:; (secondly)
934:
930:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
914:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
899:
893:
892:
878:
875:
873:
865:
863:
861:
857:
853:
849:
844:
841:
837:
833:
828:
826:
822:
819:
815:
807:
803:
798:
791:
789:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
734:
727:
725:
722:
719:
717:
712:
708:
704:
696:
694:
691:
687:
682:
680:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:Isle of Arran
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
628:
622:
620:
616:
604:
601:
593:
583:
579:
573:
572:
567:This section
565:
561:
556:
555:
549:
547:
545:
541:
536:
532:
527:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
472:consanguinity
469:
465:
461:
460:Dunbar Castle
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
439:monastery in
438:
430:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:heir apparent
348:
344:
343:Joan Beaufort
340:
336:
328:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
303:King of Scots
300:
292:
291:Joan Beaufort
289:
285:
282:
279:
275:
272:
269:
267:
263:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
228:
226:
223:
222:
216:
212:
196:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:Roxburghshire
167:
159:3 August 1460
158:
154:
150:
145:
141:
137:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
104:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
70:25 March 1437
69:
67:
63:
60:3 August 1460
57:
53:
50:
49:King of Scots
46:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
4646:
4313:
3976:
3968:
3960:
3952:
3944:
3936:
3928:
3920:
3912:
3904:
3896:
3890:
3882:
3874:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3844:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3819:
3814:
3806:
3798:
3742:
3721:Elizabeth II
3649:
3565:
3514:
3492:
3470:
3461:Alexander II
3378:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3288:
3277:
3200:
3183:
3171:
3144:
3107:
3065:
3058:
3051:
2896:
2864:
2852:
2838:Alexander II
2537:Gartnait III
2398:
2392:
2383:
2349:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2257:
2237:
2218:
2206:
2184:
2166:
2156:
2152:Colvin, H.M.
2129:
2104:. Retrieved
2100:the original
2090:
2076:
2051:
2042:
2033:
2021:. Retrieved
2017:
1984:
1977:
1968:
1956:
1944:
1936:
1931:
1926:, chapter 13
1923:
1918:
1910:
1909:McGladdery,
1905:
1893:
1873:11 September
1871:. Retrieved
1867:
1858:
1846:
1834:
1813:
1804:
1792:
1780:
1768:
1729:
1722:
1434:
1196:
1183:
1175:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1127:
1075:
1067:
1035:
1015:
1010:
997:
912:11 June 1488
909:10 July 1451
869:
845:
829:
811:
786:
739:
723:
720:
700:
683:
675:
644:
625:
623:
611:
596:
587:
576:Please help
571:verification
568:
544:Black Dinner
528:
488:
457:
434:
398:
389:
367:
359:assassinated
332:
298:
297:
219:
161:(1460-08-03)
131:(1445â1449)
125:(1439â1445)
119:(1439â1445)
113:(1437â1439)
102:
25:
4673:1460 deaths
4668:1430 births
3969:(1952â2022)
3961:(1910â1936)
3953:(1901â1910)
3945:(1841â1901)
3937:(1762â1820)
3929:(1727â1751)
3921:(1714â1727)
3913:(1688â1689)
3905:(1630â1649)
3891:(1612â1625)
3883:(1594â1612)
3875:(1566â1567)
3867:(1540â1541)
3859:(1512â1513)
3851:(1509â1510)
3845:(1507â1508)
3839:(1473â1488)
3831:(1452â1460)
3823:(1430â1437)
3807:(1402â1406)
3799:(1398â1402)
3726:Charles III
3711:Edward VIII
3441:Alexander I
3421:Malcolm III
3396:Kenneth III
3296:Elizabeth I
3258:Richard III
2818:Alexander I
2768:Kenneth III
2719:(uncertain)
2617:Talorgan II
2582:Nechtan III
2557:Gartnait IV
2522:Gartnait II
2400:James (III)
2203:Lee, Sidney
1961:Tanner 2001
1949:Tanner 2001
1939:, Chapter 5
1851:Mackay 1892
1839:Mackay 1892
1797:Mackay 1892
1785:Mackay 1892
1773:Mackay 1892
1761:Mackay 1892
1186:(1986), by
1166:(1997), by
1130:(2014), by
1116:AgnĂšs Sorel
1070:(1899), by
1038:(1891), by
1020:James Grant
1018:(1862), by
925:13 May 1453
897:19 May 1450
894:Unnamed son
856:destruction
711:Isle of Man
590:August 2020
540:Cumbernauld
509:), and Sir
437:Blackfriars
431:Early reign
75:Predecessor
4662:Categories
4527:Charles II
3701:Edward VII
3691:William IV
3681:George III
3610:Charles II
3505:Robert III
3451:Malcolm IV
3426:Donald III
3401:Malcolm II
3386:Kenneth II
3268:Henry VIII
3228:Richard II
3223:Edward III
3157:William II
3130:Harthacnut
2947:William II
2932:Charles II
2887:Robert III
2828:Malcolm IV
2808:Donald III
2798:Donald III
2773:Malcolm II
2758:Kenneth II
2667:Bridei VII
2622:Drest VIII
2567:Bridei III
2552:Talorgan I
2547:Talorc III
2527:Nechtan II
2492:Gartnait I
2389:1430â1437
2355:1437â1460
2106:12 October
2023:11 October
1972:McGladdery
1700:References
1132:Rona Munro
766:Linlithgow
754:Strathearn
746:Burgundian
665:; and the
421:St Andrews
390:Fiery Face
172:, Scotland
151:, Scotland
66:Coronation
4551:Katherine
4542:Elizabeth
3926:Frederick
3812:Alexander
3716:George VI
3686:George IV
3676:George II
3588:Charles I
3570:from 1603
3520:James III
3500:Robert II
3456:William I
3431:Duncan II
3359:Malcolm I
3349:Donald II
3273:Edward VI
3263:Henry VII
3248:Edward IV
3218:Edward II
3208:Henry III
3191:Richard I
3152:William I
3073:Ăthelstan
2937:James VII
2927:Charles I
2902:James III
2882:Robert II
2803:Duncan II
2733:Malcolm I
2723:Donald II
2662:Ciniod II
2657:Bridei VI
2637:Ăengus II
2587:Drest VII
2577:Bridei IV
2542:Bridei II
2502:Talorc II
2482:Drest III
2467:Nechtan I
2378:Alexander
2361:James III
2138:cite book
1156:James III
905:James III
860:James III
814:artillery
808:exploded.
716:James III
653:, on the
647:civil war
470:for both
394:birthmark
347:Alexander
325:in 1460.
231:James III
89:James III
85:Successor
4648:Category
4537:James II
4488:Margaret
4365:Margaret
4147:Stewarts
4111:Branches
3706:George V
3696:Victoria
3671:George I
3540:James VI
3525:James IV
3515:James II
3488:David II
3483:Robert I
3472:Margaret
3406:Duncan I
3315:Donald I
3253:Edward V
3243:Henry VI
3233:Henry IV
3213:Edward I
3179:Henry II
3078:Edmund I
3067:Ălfweard
3025:monarchs
3019:Scottish
2922:James VI
2907:James IV
2897:James II
2877:David II
2872:Robert I
2848:Margaret
2778:Duncan I
2697:Donald I
2642:Drest IX
2612:AlpĂn II
2607:Ciniod I
2602:Bridei V
2597:Ăengus I
2562:Drest VI
2517:Bridei I
2497:Cailtram
2487:Drest IV
2472:Drest II
2462:Talorc I
2283:James II
2195:(1892).
2185:James II
2128:(1998).
1963:, ch. 6.
1935:Tanner,
1911:James II
1204:Ancestry
1152:James II
1142:and the
1112:Louis XI
1088:Roxburgh
992:unknown
985:Margaret
979:c. 1479
928:May 1488
836:Flanders
806:bombards
782:Flanders
778:Flemings
728:Marriage
709:and the
707:Shetland
659:Inverkip
495:Scotland
480:Margaret
476:affinity
401:Stewarts
386:Scotland
382:Flanders
299:James II
103:See list
31:James II
4581:Mary II
3974:William
3966:Charles
3902:Charles
3888:Charles
3849:Arthur
3624:Mary II
3530:James V
3510:James I
3446:David I
3411:Macbeth
3343:Eochaid
3238:Henry V
3173:Matilda
3167:Stephen
3162:Henry I
3023:British
3017:,
3015:English
2971:Ireland
2967:England
2942:Mary II
2912:James V
2892:James I
2823:David I
2783:Macbeth
2717:Eochaid
2672:Drest X
2592:AlpĂn I
2532:Cinioch
2507:Drest V
2457:Drest I
2344:James I
2294:at the
2205:(ed.).
2119:Sources
1922:Brown,
1148:James I
1044:Eleanor
989:1453/60
976:c. 1456
963:c. 1455
948:c. 1454
832:cannons
818:besiege
762:Methven
690:English
663:Renfrew
651:Brodick
339:James I
271:Stewart
221:more...
208:
200:
95:Regents
79:James I
4508:Sophia
4274:Egidia
4258:Robert
4037:Titles
3958:Edward
3950:George
3934:George
3918:George
3897:(1629)
3843:James
3815:(1430)
3535:Mary I
3416:Lulach
3380:AmlaĂb
3374:Cuilén
3364:Indulf
3290:Philip
3285:Mary I
3088:Eadwig
3083:Eadred
2788:Lulach
2753:AmlaĂb
2748:Cuilén
2738:Indulf
2627:Conall
2393:Vacant
2326:
2265:
2244:
2226:
2173:
1992:
1737:
889:Notes
886:Death
883:Birth
758:Atholl
703:Orkney
638:) and
634:(also
451:. The
376:, and
319:cannon
287:Mother
277:Father
189:Spouse
177:Burial
4145:Royal
3910:James
3872:James
3864:James
3856:James
3836:James
3828:James
3820:James
3804:James
3796:David
3436:Edgar
3336:Giric
3202:Louis
3109:Sweyn
2813:Edgar
2712:Giric
2652:Uurad
2572:Taran
2328:Died:
2321:Born:
2201:. In
880:Name
866:Issue
792:Death
441:Perth
311:Scone
266:House
215:Issue
202:(
198:
55:Reign
4547:Anne
4503:Mary
3666:Anne
3629:Anne
3622:and
3478:John
3287:and
3279:Jane
3196:John
3120:Cnut
2969:and
2952:Anne
2917:Mary
2860:John
2647:Uuen
2263:ISBN
2242:ISBN
2224:ISBN
2171:ISBN
2144:link
2108:2014
2025:2016
1990:ISBN
1875:2024
1822:ISBN
1735:ISBN
1649:15.
1591:14.
1529:13.
1471:12.
1154:and
1114:and
1058:and
1050:and
1048:Mary
764:and
474:and
445:Joan
384:and
341:and
329:Life
156:Died
143:Born
3369:Dub
3329:Ăed
2743:Dub
2707:Ăed
1818:doi
1812:",
1617:7.
1555:3.
1497:6.
1433:1.
1378:5.
1319:2.
1293:9.
1261:4.
1235:8.
661:in
580:by
546:".
486:).
419:at
321:at
4664::
2140:}}
2136:{{
2060:^
2050:.
2016:.
2004:^
1883:^
1866:.
1749:^
1708:^
1150:,
1138:,
1106:,
1102:,
1046:,
827:.
760:,
756:,
705:,
657:;
501:,
204:m.
168:,
4022:e
4015:t
4008:v
3777:e
3770:t
3763:v
3007:e
3000:t
2993:v
2973:.
2431:e
2424:t
2417:v
2271:.
2250:.
2146:)
2110:.
2084:.
2054:.
2027:.
1998:.
1877:.
1853:.
1743:.
1062:.
603:)
597:(
592:)
588:(
574:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
