250:
432:, and seemed likely to pass, until Fly testified against the bill to Congress. Due in large part to Fly's testimony, the bill did not pass. This testimony garnered Fly national attention, and earned Roosevelt's and Hoover's disapproval. The FBI conducted wiretaps in contravention of the law, and began to collect a file on Fly. Hoover publicly attacked Fly and questioned his loyalty to the United States. In 1943, a House committee investigating the FCC accused Fly of allowing the
31:
363:), but these broadcasts were unauthorized and experimental. In December 1939 the FCC announced it would authorize limited commercial broadcasts, but it was not clear what standards should be used. By early 1940 RCA made aggressive moves to dominate the industry, and many of their competitors objected. The FCC halted all commercial broadcasts, and insisting that the
463:. The trial uncovered extensive wiretapping being conducted illegally by the FBI, and became a major embarrassment for the agency. These wiretaps included conversations between Coplon and her lawyer. The bureau then destroyed recordings before the court could hear them, violating further statutes. Coplon was convicted, but the case was appealed to the
409:, and Fly refused to comply. Fly wrote a letter to President Roosevelt explaining his lack of cooperation. Roosevelt renominated Fly to a new seven-year term of office beginning July 1, 1942; Fly's appointment was confirmed unanimously by the U.S. Senate on June 29 of that year.
496:
in 1953, which ruled against the government. As retribution for this case, Fly faced numerous legal and business difficulties; newspaper columnists questioned his patriotism, and he was named a "concealed
Communist" by a loyalty board
471:
conceded that "the guilt is plain," but overturned the conviction due to the evidence collected through illegal methods, as well as other misconduct, including the fact that Coplon had been arrested without a
1023:
950:
843:
Oct. 9 and in previous issues. "I am leaving the FCC on Nov. 15 to enter private practice of law in New York City with offices at Suite 1444, 30 Rockefeller Plaza," the
Chairman said.
1048:
464:
331:
in 1934, rising from solicitor general to general counsel. Fly married
Mildred Marvin Jones in 1923, with whom he had two children, James Lawrence, Jr., and Sara Virginia.
42:
1043:
765:
U.S. House
Subcommittee no. 1 of the Committee on the Judiciary, To Authorize Wire Tapping. Hearings on H.R. 2266, H.R. 3099, 77th Cong., 1st sess., 1941, 1, 257
515:" television program. Fly also wrote numerous print editorials speaking against wiretapping, and testified before a Senate subcommittee about the practice.
1028:
439:
Fly left the FCC in
November 1944, and opened a private law practice in New York City. He was replaced as chairman on an interim basis by Commissioner
375:, and negotiations were soon reached. This became the model that the FCC has used repeatedly when developing new standards for nascent technologies.
914:
Edward R. Murrow, See It Now, television program on CBS network, 1 December 1953, videotape copy at Museum of
Television and Radio, New York City.
819:
Congress, House, Select
Committee to Investigate the Federal Communications Commission, untitled press release, 78th Cong., 2d sess., 11 July 1943
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855:
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424:, introduced a bill that would legalize wiretapping by the FBI, or any other government agency, if it was suspected that a
793:
382:
chairman of the
Defense Communications Board, later the Board of War Communications, when it was created by President
312:
202:
539:
455:
Fly became director of the ACLU in 1946. One of the most celebrated cases under Fly's directorship was the case of
406:
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308:
926:(January 7, 1966). James L. Fly Dies; Ex-Head of F.C.C.; Former T.V.A. Counsel Led Commission From '39 to'44.
777:
645:
588:
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America's Battle for Media
Democracy: The Triumph of Corporate Libertarianism and the Future of Media Reform
523:
433:
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63:
673:, a paper presented at the 122nd annual SMPTE Technical Conference, November 9–14, 1980, New York, N.Y.
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and the United States, despite the fact that wiretapping had been outlawed by
Section 605 of the
368:
320:
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229:
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443:, and his seat was ultimately filled by the Democratic National Committee's publicity director,
291:. He helped inaugurate standards for commercial television broadcasting, and vigorously opposed
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488:, who faced deportation due to accusations that he had lied when saying he had never been a
367:
as a whole develop standards before broadcasting continue. To break this impasse, Fly urged
75:
725:
390:
737:
Fly to Roosevelt, March 27, 1941, from the personal collection of James Lawrence Fly, Jr.
775:
Childs, Marquis W. (March 18, 1941). "House Committee Approval Likely on Wire-Tapping".
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605:
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269:
30:
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Mr. Fly's terse announcement last Thursday confirmed in all particulars the report in
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James Lawrence Fly, "Threat to Liberty, Defiance of Law Seen in FBI Wire-Tapping,"
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402:
292:
653:(24). Washington, D.C.: Broadcasting Publications, Inc.: 39 December 15, 1941.
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197:
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829:
Taishoff, Sol (November 6, 1944). "Fly Leaves FCC Nov. 15 to Practice Law".
687:
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324:
670:
323:. After a short time in private practice, Fly took a position prosecuting
421:
398:
519:
425:
280:
272:, left to right, inspect the latest in television, December 1, 1939.
304:
248:
688:"James Lawrence Fly v. David Sarnoff: Blitzkrieg Over Television"
372:
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348:
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was occurring. The bill was supported by Attorney General
371:
to found the National Television System Committee, or
279:(February 22, 1898 – January 6, 1966) was an American
465:
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
347:
had not yet begun in the U.S. In April of that year,
447:, who took over as chairman upon his confirmation.
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1024:Chairmen of the Federal Communications Commission
951:Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission
888:, 185 F. 2d 629, 635, 637, 640 (November 2, 1950)
43:Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission
977:Member of the Federal Communications Commission
898:"Fly Assails Effort 'to Destroy My Character'".
747:"Chairman Fly Is Sworn For New Term of Office".
698:(3). Greenspun School of Communication: 42–52.
105:September 24, 1940 – November 13, 1944
1049:Franklin D. Roosevelt administration personnel
643:"We Pay Our Respects To— James Lawrence Fly".
584:"James Lawrence Fly, the FBI, and wiretapping"
192:James Lawrence Fly, Jr., and Sara Virginia Fly
55:September 1, 1939 – November 13, 1944
864:. January 9, 1950. p. 12. Archived from
351:attempted to broadcast commercial content in
264:, Chairman James Lawrence Fly, Commissioners
8:
681:
679:
671:The Forces at Work Behind the NTSC Standards
577:
575:
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29:
18:
327:cases for the government. He joined the
319:. He resigned to earn a law degree from
662:
660:
559:
492:. This case eventually went before the
378:As chairman of the FCC, Fly became the
831:Broadcasting and Broadcast Advertising
794:"Fly of FCC Opposes Wiretapping Power"
749:Broadcasting and Broadcast Advertising
646:Broadcasting and Broadcast Advertising
624:The Federal Communications Commission.
94:Chairman, Defense Communications Board
1044:American Civil Liberties Union people
582:Edwardson, Mickie (January 1, 1999).
484:In 1949 Fly represented labor leader
7:
311:in 1916. He then graduated from the
542:, Cambridge University Press, 2014
436:by preventing wiretap legislation.
1029:United States Naval Academy alumni
686:Edwardson, Mickie (July 1, 1999).
606:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1999.tb01031.x
339:When Fly was appointed to replace
315:before serving three years in the
14:
285:Federal Communications Commission
728:, January 7, 1950, sec. A, p. 9.
401:all communications to and from
357:Radio Manufacturers Association
704:10.1080/00947679.1999.12062510
361:Electronic Industries Alliance
289:American Civil Liberties Union
1:
1019:Deaths from cancer in Florida
1014:20th-century American lawyers
904:. March 8, 1954. p. 18.
626:Greenwood Publishing Group,
459:, accused of spying for the
287:and, later, director of the
283:, famous as chairman of the
1039:United States Navy officers
622:Zarkin, Michael J. (2006).
507:on the use of wiretaps, on
355:using standards set by the
313:United States Naval Academy
203:United States Naval Academy
1065:
802:. May 20, 1941. p. 17
540:Victor Pickard (professor)
407:Communications Act of 1934
329:Tennessee Valley Authority
277:James Lawrence "Larry" Fly
1034:Harvard Law School alumni
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975:
967:
957:
948:
940:
935:
343:as FCC chairman in 1939,
243:
129:
98:
48:
37:
28:
309:North Dallas High School
886:United States v. Coplon
778:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
295:throughout his career.
755:(1): 12. July 6, 1942.
524:Daytona Beach, Florida
434:attack on Pearl Harbor
273:
165:Daytona Beach, Florida
502:House Majority Leader
384:Franklin D. Roosevelt
345:commercial television
258:Frederick I. Thompson
252:
236:Years of service
64:Franklin D. Roosevelt
856:"What the FBI Heard"
598:Blackwell Publishing
500:In 1953 Fly debated
451:Director of the ACLU
184:Mildred Marvin Jones
145:Dallas County, Texas
936:Government offices
868:on January 31, 2011
612:on August 14, 2009.
418:U.S. Representative
386:in September 1940.
365:television industry
307:and graduated from
692:Journalism History
505:Charles A. Halleck
494:U.S. Supreme Court
369:Walter R. G. Baker
321:Harvard Law School
317:United States Navy
274:
230:United States Navy
207:Harvard Law School
23:James Lawrence Fly
992:
991:
983:Succeeded by
958:Succeeded by
632:978-0-313-33416-0
430:Robert H. Jackson
397:asked the FCC to
389:That same month,
247:
246:
142:February 22, 1898
1056:
980:1939–1944
971:Frank R. McNinch
968:Preceded by
955:1939–1944
944:Frank R. McNinch
941:Preceded by
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924:Associated Press
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608:. Archived from
579:
509:Edward R. Murrow
480:Private practice
335:FCC chairmanship
221:Military service
161:
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134:Personal details
122:
112:
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84:
76:Frank R. McNinch
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33:
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530:Further reading
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391:J. Edgar Hoover
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303:Fly grew up in
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171:Political party
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154:January 6, 1966
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667:Donald G. Fink
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270:Norman S. Case
256:Commissioners
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486:Harry Bridges
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457:Judith Coplon
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441:Ewell K. Jett
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341:Frank McNinch
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901:Miami Herald
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870:. Retrieved
866:the original
859:
850:
841:Broadcasting
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838:
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815:
804:. Retrieved
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781:. p. 3.
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623:
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610:the original
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518:Fly died of
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499:
483:
469:Learned Hand
461:Soviet Union
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438:
411:
388:
379:
377:
338:
302:
276:
275:
121:Succeeded by
100:
83:Succeeded by
50:
1009:1966 deaths
1004:1898 births
600:: 361–382.
403:Axis powers
293:wiretapping
111:Preceded by
71:Preceded by
998:Categories
872:2009-03-29
837:(19): 13.
806:2009-03-29
783:Section A.
554:References
548:1107694752
513:See It Now
380:ex officio
299:Early life
213:Occupation
198:Alma mater
175:Democratic
158:1966-01-07
712:0094-7679
490:Communist
414:Sam Hobbs
359:(now the
325:antitrust
239:1920–1923
101:In office
60:President
51:In office
467:. Judge
412:In 1941
189:Children
474:warrant
422:Alabama
399:wiretap
393:of the
156: (
710:
630:
546:
520:cancer
426:felony
281:lawyer
268:, and
216:lawyer
181:Spouse
596:(2).
538:, by
420:from
305:Texas
708:ISSN
628:ISBN
544:ISBN
511:'s "
373:NTSC
151:Died
139:Born
700:doi
602:doi
522:in
395:FBI
349:RCA
254:FCC
1000::
858:.
835:27
833:.
796:.
753:23
751:.
706:.
696:25
694:.
690:.
678:^
669:,
659:^
651:21
649:.
594:61
592:.
586:.
562:^
526:.
476:.
416:,
260:,
205:,
875:.
809:.
714:.
702::
604::
160:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
