474:
many respects, this vision was to remain a minority view in the United States, particularly as the Cold War consumed the second half of the twentieth century, and
Shotwell was well aware of the obstacles to its realization. Reflecting on the impact of what he called "the great communist controversy" on the United Nations, he wrote that "the full and adequate implementation of the revolutionary concept in the Charter may be long delayed." He was, however, at heart an irredeemable optimist: "The success or failure of that organization is a measure of civilization itself. There can be no surer guarantee of its ultimate success."
31:
207:
dissertation in medieval history, "A Study of the
History of the Eucharist." He would later observe that although he took "a semester on the history of international law, by the distinguished jurist John Basset Moore, later a judge on the World Court... this was the only course that had any bearing on international relations in the faculty of Political Science, a subject... on which most of my later life was spent."
473:
James T. Shotwell represented the first generation of genuinely cosmopolitan
American policy intellectuals. His obituary in the New York Times observed that he was "among the most respected and dedicated protagonists of internationalism in the United States," a man who saw "the world as a whole." In
477:
Shotwell's combination of scholarly enthusiasm, pragmatic engagement in the world, and abiding optimism, his conviction that social scientists should deploy their learning to public purposes, his faith that human intervention might improve the human condition, and his ability to "see the world as a
316:
at the
Democratic national convention; Hull went on to become Roosevelt's Secretary of State the following year. In 1934, Shotwell campaigned for Congress to authorize U.S. membership in the ILO. In 1935, he became president of the League of Nations Association, whose executive director had been
332:
of
Emporia, Kansas, along with Eichelberger and Shotwell, established the Non-Partisan Committee for Peace Through Revision of the Neutrality Acts. They formed an Eichelberger-White Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies, founded in May 1940. Eichelberger and Shotwell created a
206:
At
Columbia he encountered a lively intellectual community, seized with debates about the "New History." He quickly adopted his adviser’s view that the increasingly influential "scientific" methods of studying society might be applied to the practice of history and he applied them in his
255:
In 1930, he returned to
Columbia full-time. In 1937, he was appointed Bryce Professor of the History of International Relations at Columbia University. He retired from full-time teaching at Columbia in 1942. During his time at Columbia, he was elected a member of the
357:
In May 1944, he joined a group that published a "Design for the
Charter of the General International Organization" to succeed the ruined League of Nations. The United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, and China all issued proposals after the
341:
supported. The CSOP conducted studies, held popular radio discussion shows and through national and local affiliates became a powerful engine of mass education on behalf of collective security. The CSOP applauded the Moscow
669:
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as well as a series of 25 studies on
Canadian-American relations, both sponsored by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. He also contributed nearly 250 articles to the 11th edition of the
869:
914:
283:" (a study group established by Woodrow Wilson to prepare materials for the peace negotiations), historian of the American delegation, and author of the provisions establishing the
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Shotwell married
Margaret Harvey in 1901 and they had two daughters, Helen Harvey and Margaret Grace. In 1937, their daughter Margaret married Llewelyn L. B. Summers, the son of
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was serving as acting secretary general) as a consultant representing Carnegie, then elected by 42 U.S. consultants there to lead their delegation. He helped draft the
909:
442:
to become a writer and to publish the service record of all Woodstock people who had fought in the war as part of Smith's 1959 book on the town's official history.
889:
234:
In 1908, he became full professor. His interest lay in particular with the influence of science and technology on historical change and international relations.
223:; soon, he became managing editor of its eleventh edition. This work provided a good salary, honed his organizational skills, and led to his meeting people like
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In addition to his many books, Shotwell was co-author of several studies on international relations and was the editor of a series of 150 volumes of the
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879:
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in October 1944 of that year that closely paralleled those of the "Shotwell Commission". He organized an educational campaign to support the
864:
874:
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144:
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817:"James Thomson Shotwell: Leader of the Private American Consultants at San Francisco, Nominated in 1952 for the Nobel Peace Prize"
596:"James Thomson Shotwell: Leader of the Private American Consultants at San Francisco, Nominated in 1952 for the Nobel Peace Prize"
263:
All in all, he studied and taught at Columbia for nearly 50 years, where his closest friends were fellow professors Robinson and
350:, the State Department used this report for its Dumbarton Oaks proposals. Shotwell worked closely with Under Secretary of State
249:
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and suggested that a bilateral treaty be negotiated that would outlaw war between the U.S. and France. Their work led to the
257:
371:
744:
276:
30:
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At Columbia, Shotwell became a lecturer in history in 1900, an instructor in 1903, and adjunct professor in 1905.
717:"Miss M. G. Shotwell Has Home Wedding: Bride of Llewelyn Summers Is Daughter of Professor of History at Columbia"
359:
458:
The James T. Shotwell Professor of International Relations chair at Columbia University was named in his honor.
819:. Patrick Killough (retired diplomat of the Foreign Service of the United States of America). Archived from
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In 1927, he became the first chair of the advisory committee on international relations of the newly formed
598:. Patrick Killough retired diplomat of the Foreign Service of the United States of America). Archived from
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From 1949 to 1950, he served as the Director of Economics and History (1942–49) then president of the
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of November 1, 1943, and issued a report on "Fundamentals of the International Organization." Under
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Shotwell died of a stroke at his apartment at 257 West 86th Street in Manhattan at age 90.
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287:(ILO). He then he worked to counter U.S. isolationism and to promote U.S. entry into the
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147:(ILO) in 1919, as well as for his influence in promoting inclusion of a declaration of
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70:
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148:
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252:. He then became director of planning and research in international relations.
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228:
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108:
188:
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366:. He attended the first UN meeting in San Francisco in April 1945 (where
385:– succeeding Alger Hiss, who was indicted in the wake of allegations by
838:
NGOs and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A Curious Grapevine
478:
whole" became hallmarks of Columbia's study of international relations.
173:
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To underwrite studies overseas, he began writing articles for the
143:
professor. He played an instrumental role in the creation of the
796:
James T. Shotwell and the Rise of Internationalism in America
561:
The Life of Woodrow Wilson: An Outline for a Course of Study
779:. Living Legacies (alumni magazine of Columbia University)
650:. Living Legacies (alumni magazine of Columbia University)
499:
The Diplomatic History of the Canadian Boundary, 1749-1763
777:"James T. Shotwell: A Life Devoted to Organizing Peace"
648:"James T. Shotwell: A Life Devoted to Organizing Peace"
401:, which went un-awarded until the following year, when
800:. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
139:(August 6, 1874 – July 15, 1965) was a Canadian-born
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Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
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The Origins of the International Labor Organization
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82:
55:
40:
21:
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438:and was instrumental in getting American artist
202:Columbia University's alumni magazine records:
694:"The Nobel Peace Prize 1952: Albert Schweitzer"
237:In 1917, he became director of research at the
915:Members of the American Philosophical Society
397:In 1952, Shotwell was nominated for the 1952
335:Commission to Study the Organization of Peace
8:
489:Economic and Social History of the World War
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900:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
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467:School of International and Public Affairs
383:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
239:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
231:. Eventually, he wrote some 250 articles.
18:
905:Commanders of the Order of the White Lion
519:An Introduction to the History of History
745:"James T. Shotwell, Historian, 90, Dies"
910:Canadian emigrants to the United States
815:Killough, Patrick (21 February 2009) .
579:
531:War as an Instrument of National Policy
16:Canadian-American historian (1874–1965)
890:People from Middlesex County, Ontario
7:
465:(then dean of Columbia University’s
594:Killough, Patrick (26 July 1991).
513:The Religious Revolution of To-day
296:French Minister of Foreign Affairs
14:
885:Canadian male non-fiction writers
309:being signed on August 27, 1928.
285:International Labour Organization
145:International Labour Organization
101:International Labour Organization
880:20th-century American historians
195:in 1903, where he studied under
29:
374:as a private consultant to the
250:Social Science Research Council
129:Margaret Grace Shotwell Summers
840:. New York: St Martin's Press.
775:Anderson, Lisa (Winter 2005).
646:Anderson, Lisa (Winter 2005).
525:Plans and Protocols to End War
258:American Philosophical Society
241:, where Columbia's president,
103:, inclusion of declaration of
1:
895:People from Strathroy-Caradoc
724:. 25 October 1937. p. 24
549:At the Paris Peace Conference
389:that became the "Hiss Case."
372:Charter of the United Nations
865:University of Toronto alumni
183:He obtained a B.A. from the
875:Columbia University faculty
461:In summarizing his career,
931:
792:Josephson, Harold (1974).
187:in 1898. He obtained his
360:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
28:
434:He maintained a home in
312:In 1932, he met Senator
245:who was also president.
35:James T. Shotwell (1920)
836:Korey, William (1998).
567:The Long Way to Freedom
543:On the Rim of the Abyss
494:Encyclopædia Britannica
271:Political contributions
221:Encyclopædia Britannica
480:
344:Four Power Declaration
277:Paris Peace Conference
275:Shotwell attended the
243:Nicholas Murray Butler
209:
137:James Thomson Shotwell
471:
424:Eve Brodlique Summers
376:U.S. State Department
339:Virginia Gildersleeve
204:
197:James Harvey Robinson
185:University of Toronto
168:Shotwell was born in
126:Helen Harvey Shotwell
87:University of Toronto
674:search.amphilsoc.org
670:"APS Member History"
508:His books include:
436:Woodstock, New York
326:William Allen White
307:Kellogg-Briand Pact
193:Columbia University
91:Columbia University
722:The New York Times
555:The Great Decision
497:. He co-authored
440:Anita Miller Smith
387:Whittaker Chambers
319:Clark Eichelberger
48:Strathroy, Ontario
420:Leland L. Summers
399:Nobel Peace Prize
348:Edward Stettinius
289:League of Nations
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133:
23:James T. Shotwell
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769:External sources
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403:Albert Schweizer
393:Nobel nomination
328:, editor of the
294:He met with the
279:as a member of "
265:Charles A. Beard
225:Bertrand Russell
141:American history
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62:
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823:on 21 June 2013
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602:on 21 June 2013
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299:Aristide Briand
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118:Margaret Harvey
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752:. 17 July 1965
750:New York Times
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364:United Nations
337:(CSOP), which
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176:, to American
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97:Known for
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63:(aged 90)
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44:August 6, 1874
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807:0-8386-1524-4
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696:. Nobel Prize
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71:New York City
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59:July 15, 1965
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27:
20:
837:
825:. Retrieved
821:the original
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781:. Retrieved
754:. Retrieved
749:
738:
726:. Retrieved
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698:. Retrieved
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677:. Retrieved
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652:. Retrieved
604:. Retrieved
600:the original
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409:Private life
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321:since 1933.
314:Cordell Hull
311:
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149:human rights
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105:human rights
61:(1965-07-15)
860:1965 deaths
855:1874 births
728:12 February
606:20 November
503:Max Savelle
469:) wrote:
281:The Inquiry
849:Categories
679:2023-05-31
574:References
368:Alger Hiss
229:Henry Ford
164:Background
153:UN Charter
109:UN Charter
756:18 August
430:Woodstock
324:In 1939,
212:Academics
189:doctorate
180:parents.
170:Strathroy
83:Education
67:Manhattan
563:(1944)
414:Marriage
123:Children
75:New York
50:, Canada
330:Gazette
174:Ontario
151:in the
804:
569:(1960)
557:(1944)
551:(1937)
545:(1936)
539:(1934)
533:(1929)
527:(1925)
521:(1922)
515:(1913)
454:Legacy
178:Quaker
159:Career
115:Spouse
827:5 May
783:5 May
700:5 May
654:5 May
501:with
483:Works
446:Death
303:Paris
191:from
829:2013
802:ISBN
785:2013
758:2015
730:2024
702:2013
656:2013
608:2018
422:and
227:and
56:Died
41:Born
301:in
107:in
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