20:
109:. The initial type was created by reaming existing 6-pounder (2.72 kg) Model 1841 guns to 3.8 in (97 mm), then rifling them. This eliminated any deviations from tube wear — a common problem with bronze cannon that had already seen service. The other five types were new pieces, all using the smooth curves of the Ordnance profile and thus resembling the more widely used iron
32:
71:
developed a rifled projectile and rifling system. Modern authorities such as Warren Ripley and James
Hazlett have suggested that the term "James rifle" only properly applies to 3.8 in (97 mm) bore field artillery pieces rifled to fire James' projectiles. They contend that the term does
154:. The rapid reduction of Fort Pulaski was probably the James system's most significant contribution to the war. After the war, the event was used to justify stopping work on masonry forts and led to a brief period of new construction of earthwork forts.
133:
siege artillery. To fill this gap, the army rifled existing heavy smoothbore pieces with the system developed by
Charles T. James. Firing shot and shells also designed by James, these newly rifled guns gave good service during the April 1862
93:
pieces available. A number of these guns were rifled to fire the 3.67 in (93 mm) caliber James projectile. These are classified as "rifled 6-pounder guns" or alternately as 12-pounder (5.44 kg) James rifles.
116:
The James projectiles were falling out of favor by the time of the inventor's death in late 1862, and the various James rifles were gradually phased out of service in favor of other types. Those still in service often used
76:
that were later rifled to take the James projectiles in 3.67 in (93 mm) caliber or other calibers, and that those should instead be referred to as "Rifled 6 (or other) pounder", etc. The rifle was created in 1861.
35:
Two Model 1829 32-pounder (14.5 kg) seacoast guns, rifled by the James method (sometimes called 64-pdr (29 kg) James rifles). The one in the foreground is on a siege carriage. The one behind is on an iron, front pintle,
798:
773:
48:
A James pattern solid shot. The “birdcage” at the base would have been covered by sheet lead which, upon firing the gun, would have expanded into the grooves of the rifling.
758:
105:
to produce 3.8 in (97 mm) bore rifled cannon in at least six known variants, also firing James projectiles. Collectively, these are referred to as
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278:, Tennessee, including over 50 6-pounder weapons bored out to 3.8 inches and rifled. Other heavy guns with James rifling survive as well.
121:
ammunition. A key factor in demise of these pieces was how quickly "bronze rifles became inaccurate through wear or stretching or both."
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So many James rifling conversions and new James weapons were made by Ames that they are sometimes erroneously called "Ames rifles".
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except for material (in most cases). The first five variants were bronze, while the final type was iron.
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586:"Rhody Redlegs": A history of the Providence Marine Corps of Artillery and the 103rd Field Artillery
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An iron rifled 14-pounder artillery piece, used by James in experiments at
Napatree Point in
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Sharps M1848, M1850, M1851, M1852, M1853, M1855, M1859, M1863, M1865 carbine and rifle
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battlefield, the only weapon entirely designed by James adopted by the US Army.
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1439:
James 24-pounder M1839, 32-pounder M1829 and 42-pounder M1841 rifled cannon
1464:
Parrott 30-pounder, 100-pounder, 200-pounder and 300-pounder rifled cannon
516:
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146:
service soon after, and the James projectiles were gradually replaced by
37:
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31:
993:
740:
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130:
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1609:
1434:(also known as James 6-pounder M1861 or 3.8-inch M1861 rifled cannon)
989:
23:
A 14-pounder (6.35 kg) (3.8 in (97 mm)) James rifle on the
90:
43:
30:
18:
85:
Early in the war there were many 6-pounder (2.72 kg) bronze
692:
129:
In the early part of the Civil War the Union army lacked heavy
622:
Olmstead, Edwin; Stark, Wayne E.; Tucker, Spencer C. (1997).
293:
as the First Rhode Island
Battery with this type of weapon.
603:
Hazlett, James C.; Olmstead, Edwin; Parks, M. Hume (2004).
372:
370:
1089:
Joslyn M1855, M1861, M1862, M1864, M1865 carbine and rifle
664:
General
Charles Tillinghast James at CivilWarArtillery.com
274:
Over 150 14-pounder James rifles survive, many of them at
624:
The Big Guns: Civil War Siege, Seacoast, and Naval Cannon
643:
Artillery and
Ammunition of the Civil War, 4th rev. ed.
158:
Large caliber smoothbore guns rifled with James system
605:
Field
Artillery Weapons of the Civil War, 2nd rev. ed
569:
Field
Artillery Projectiles of the American Civil War
1368:
8-inch M1841, 10-inch M1841 and 13-inch M1861 mortar
684:
Heavy
Hotchkiss projectiles at CivilWarArtillery.com
679:
Light
Hotchkiss projectiles at CivilWarArtillery.com
433:
409:
361:
1539:
1482:
1381:
1358:
1349:
1293:
1236:
988:
807:
726:
520:
626:. Alexandria Bay, NY: Museum Restoration Service.
89:guns in service with the field artillery and few
1148:Spencer M1860, M1865 repeating carbine and rifle
674:Heavy James projectiles at CivilWarArtillery.com
669:Light James projectiles at CivilWarArtillery.com
552:(Third ed.). McLean, Virginia: CDSG Press.
704:
550:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
459:"General Charles Tillinghast James 1805-1862"
8:
822:Allen & Thurber M1837 revolver pepperbox
774:M1850 army staff & field officer's sword
567:Dickey, Thomas S.; George, Peter C. (1980).
421:
1355:
887:Deringer M1825 Philadelphia caplock pistol
759:M1840 army noncommissioned officer's sword
711:
697:
689:
532:
975:Wesson and Leavitt M1850 Dragoon revolver
932:Remington M1860 Elliot revolver pepperbox
319:Siege artillery in the American Civil War
314:Field artillery in the American Civil War
150:projectiles due to stripping of the lead
67:, as used in some period documentation.
161:
837:Butterfield M1855 transitional revolver
645:, Charleston, S.C.: The Battery Press,
354:
281:Several 14-pounder James rifles at the
1459:Parrott 20-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1454:Parrott 10-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
1411:12-pounder M1857 Napoleon field cannon
505:
482:
445:
388:
376:
214:32-pdr (14.5 kg) M. 1829, rifled
191:24-pdr (10.9 kg) M. 1839, rifled
1308:Billinghurst Requa Battery volley gun
1027:Colt M1855 revolver carbine and rifle
7:
1431:James 14-pounder M1861 rifled cannon
897:Harpers Ferry M1836 and M1842 pistol
799:USMC noncommissioned officer's sword
287:Providence Marine Corps of Artillery
239:(84-pdr (38.2 kg) James rifle)
237:42-pdr (19.1 kg) M. 1841 rifle
193:(48-pdr (21.8 kg) James rifle)
63:to the James pattern for use in the
1444:Ordnance 3-inch M1861 rifled cannon
947:Smith & Wesson Model No. 2 Army
827:Allen & Wheelock M1861 revolver
142:. However, they were retired from
1527:Whitworth 70-pounder rifled cannon
1474:Whitworth 12-pounder rifled cannon
1406:12-pounder M1841 mountain howitzer
1138:Sharps & Hankins M1862 carbine
1022:Charleville M1816 and M1822 musket
892:Elgin M1838 cutlass caplock pistol
588:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland Press.
434:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
410:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
362:Hazlett, Olmstead & Parks 2004
283:Manassas National Battlefield Park
216:(64-pdr (29 kg) James rifle)
55:is a generic term to describe any
14:
951:Spiller & Burr M1861 revolver
720:Weapons of the American Civil War
521:Olmstead, Stark & Tucker 1997
107:14-pounder (6.35 kg) James rifles
937:Savage-North M1861 Navy revolver
607:. University of Illinois Press.
1449:Ordnance 4.5-inch rifled cannon
1203:Springfield M1863 rifled musket
1198:Springfield M1861 rifled musket
1193:Springfield M1855 rifled musket
1012:Brunswick P1836 and P1841 rifle
965:Volcanic M1855 repeating pistol
1373:Coehorn 5.82-inch M1841 mortar
1223:Wesson M1859 carbine and rifle
1218:Volcanic M1855 repeating rifle
955:Starr M1858 and M1863 revolver
324:Contemporary rifled artillery
300:, is in the collection of the
260:8,465 lb (3,840 kg)
229:7,531 lb (3,416 kg)
206:5,790 lb (2,630 kg)
1:
832:Beaumont–Adams M1862 revolver
548:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2015).
276:Shiloh National Military Park
1651:History of Savannah, Georgia
1641:American Civil War artillery
1396:6-pounder M1841 field cannon
1316:Gatling I and II machine gun
1128:Richmond M1861 rifled musket
842:Colt M1836 Paterson revolver
485:, pp. 169–171, 300–301.
285:in Virginia commemorate the
263:129 in (3,277 mm)
232:125 in (3,175 mm)
209:124 in (3,150 mm)
1188:Springfield M1847 musketoon
1077:Henry M1860 repeating rifle
1042:Enfield P1853 rifled musket
1037:Deringer M1817 Common rifle
1032:Deringer M1814 Common rifle
852:Colt M1848 Dragoon revolver
779:M1852 naval officer's sword
769:M1840 light artillery saber
584:Grandchamp, Robert (2011).
197:5.82 in (148 mm)
136:bombardment of Fort Pulaski
1667:
1631:Ames Manufacturing Company
1094:Lorenz M1854 rifled musket
942:Smith & Wesson Model 1
877:Colt M1862 Police revolver
857:Colt M1849 Pocket revolver
847:Colt M1847 Walker revolver
751:M1832 foot artillery sword
571:. Atlanta: Arsenal Press.
246:64 lb (29.0 kg)
223:64 lb (29.0 kg)
220:6.4 in (163 mm)
200:48 lb (21.8 kg)
99:Ames Manufacturing Company
1421:32-pounder M1844 howitzer
1416:24-pounder M1841 howitzer
1401:12-pounder M1841 howitzer
912:Lefaucheux M1858 revolver
907:Lefaucheux M1854 revolver
789:M1860 light cavalry saber
302:Newport Artillery Company
252:81 lb (36.7 kg)
1497:Bomford Columbiad cannon
1183:Springfield M1842 musket
1178:Springfield M1840 musket
1173:Springfield M1835 musket
1168:Springfield M1822 musket
1163:Springfield M1816 musket
1158:Springfield M1812 musket
1153:Springfield M1795 musket
1072:Harper Ferry M1803 rifle
1067:Hall-North M1843 carbine
1052:Fayetteville M1862 rifle
927:Remington M1858 revolver
882:Colt Root M1855 revolver
872:Colt M1861 Navy revolver
867:Colt M1860 Army revolver
862:Colt M1851 Navy revolver
422:Dickey & George 1980
298:Watch Hill, Rhode Island
291:First Battle of Bull Run
243:7 in (178 mm)
1522:Rodman Columbiad cannon
1257:Double-barreled shotgun
1109:Mississippi M1841 rifle
1047:Enfield P1861 musketoon
641:Ripley, Warren (1984),
103:Chicopee, Massachusetts
1057:Gallager M1861 carbine
1017:Burnside M1855 carbine
980:Whitney M1857 revolver
960:Tranter M1856 revolver
289:, which served in the
49:
41:
28:
1426:Blakely rifled cannon
1336:Vandenberg volley gun
1228:Whitworth P1857 rifle
1213:Tarpley M1863 carbine
1104:Merrill M1858 carbine
1099:Maynard M1851 carbine
1002:Augustin M1842 musket
463:CivilWarArtillery.com
111:3-inch Ordnance rifle
47:
34:
22:
16:Type of artillery gun
1502:Brooke rifled cannon
1469:Pate revolver cannon
1341:Williams machine gun
1326:Pate revolver cannon
1262:Hale rocket launcher
1123:Potzdam M1831 musket
970:Walch M1859 revolver
922:Moore M1864 revolver
917:LeMat M1856 revolver
817:Adams M1851 revolver
1590:Maynard tape primer
1312:Claxton machine gun
1208:Starr M1858 carbine
1143:Smith M1857 carbine
1007:Ballard M1861 rifle
902:Kerr M1855 revolver
764:M1840 cavalry saber
755:M1833 dragoon saber
523:, pp. 301–305.
508:, pp. 300–301.
448:, pp. 296–297.
412:, pp. 148–157.
379:, pp. 169–170.
1331:Ripley machine gun
1321:Gorgas machine gun
1295:Rapid fire weapons
736:Arkansas toothpick
495:Berhow 2015, p. 8.
270:Surviving examples
97:James worked with
65:American Civil War
50:
42:
29:
1646:Coastal artillery
1618:
1617:
1535:
1534:
1489:Coastal artillery
1435:
595:978-0-7864637-5-6
559:978-0-9748167-3-9
267:
266:
1658:
1507:Carronade cannon
1433:
1356:
1303:Ager machine gun
1285:Winans Steam Gun
1114:P1839 and P1842
1062:Hall M1819 rifle
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69:Charles T. James
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1580:Friction primer
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1517:Paixhans cannon
1512:Dahlgren cannon
1487:
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1388:Siege artillery
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1267:Ketchum Grenade
1252:Congreve rocket
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25:First Bull Run
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1570:Buck and ball
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784:M1860 cutlass
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728:Edged weapons
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633:0-888-55012-X
629:
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614:0-252-07210-3
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349:
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334:Parrott rifle
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72:not apply to
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39:
33:
26:
21:
1115:
1082:
1081:Jenks M1841
642:
623:
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585:
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549:
542:Bibliography
528:
501:
490:
478:
466:. Retrieved
462:
453:
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429:
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396:
384:
357:
339:Brooke rifle
329:Sawyer rifle
323:
295:
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273:
255:
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238:
224:
215:
201:
192:
184:
178:
172:
157:
156:
128:
125:Siege rifles
115:
96:
84:
52:
51:
746:Bowie knife
506:Ripley 1984
483:Ripley 1984
446:Ripley 1984
389:Ripley 1984
377:Ripley 1984
344:Wiard rifle
74:smoothbores
53:James rifle
1625:Categories
1595:Minié ball
1545:cartridges
1541:Ammunition
1116:Brown Bess
577:B0006XOVAQ
350:References
144:front line
87:smoothbore
1585:Gunpowder
1560:.44 Henry
1555:.22 Short
1351:Artillery
1247:Coach gun
468:4 January
148:Hotchkiss
119:Hotchkiss
57:artillery
40:carriage.
1280:Sea mine
1083:Mule ear
809:Sidearms
651:12668104
308:See also
248:(shell)
38:barbette
1360:Mortars
1085:carbine
994:muskets
741:Bayonet
256:(shot)
225:(shot)
202:(shot)
185:of gun
183:Length
179:of gun
177:Weight
171:Weight
1610:Ramrod
1118:musket
990:Rifles
649:
630:
611:
592:
575:
556:
131:rifled
91:rifled
61:rifled
1484:Naval
1383:Field
168:Bore
165:Name
152:sabot
992:and
647:OCLC
628:ISBN
609:ISBN
590:ISBN
573:ASIN
554:ISBN
470:2022
59:gun
1486:and
1385:and
1627::
1543:,
513:^
461:.
369:^
304:.
101:,
712:e
705:t
698:v
636:.
617:.
598:.
579:.
562:.
535:.
472:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
