728:"the kind of work one immediately wants to share with friends," he also criticized the work for the "rhetorical devises" Brunvand used "apparently to suit the popular market." Critics also pointed out that Brunvand's urban legend books raise a question about race and stereotypes that, to some, are left unaddressed. Bethke wrote "We are told that the stories are projective of American popular culture, but precisely what racial segment of the culture participates in the currency of such stories? Specifically, we are dealing with a phenomenon like the ethnic joke, examples of which are told by target groups, or is the urban legend essentially a mainstream occurrence? I don't think the final word has been written yet on the genre, but Jan Brunvand has made admirable strides toward that end."
336:, a folklorist and professor, who became a mentor. Brunvand took an undergraduate American Folklore course Dorson offered in the fall quarter of 1954 and, in subsequent semesters, completed two of Dorson's graduate courses in folklore as a special enrollee. The work Brunvand and other classmates did for Dorson's classes included "preparing a large and well organized personal collection of folklore garnered from oral tradition and furnished with informant data and background comments." These papers would later serve as the beginnings of a large archive of folklore housed at Indiana University.
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whether in oral form or by means of customary example." The book is divided into three main categories: verbal (dialect and speech habits, proverbs, riddles, tales, rhymes, folk-songs, ballads), partly verbal (superstitions, customs, dances, plays), and non-verbal (gestures, music, handcrafts, folk architecture, food). Within the text, Brunvand provided for the reader information on data collecting methods, a general assessment of folklore material, bibliographic essays, and extensive lists of books and articles. To some, like reviewer
355:, Bloomington, Indiana. He switched majors, from English to folklore, and took a series of classes offered through the university's summer institute. He worked as an archivist in the Indiana University Folklore Archives from September 1958 to June 1960. During this time, he met Archer Taylor, who, as a visiting professor, taught a course on proverbs and riddles. This course, according to Brunvand, "changed his life." Proverbs became one of Brunvand's favorite topics to study and discuss. In 1961, Brunvand's
407:. He had also served as Book Review Editor for the Journal of American Folklore, which he resigned after receiving a Fulbright Scholarship research grant in 1970 to study folklore in Romania. He also won a Guggenheim Fellowship in the Humanities (Folklore and Popular Culture) that same year. Throughout the next decade, Brunvand focused his research on Romanian folklore, with a particular interest in Romanian house decoration. He returned to Romania in 1973-74 and again in 1981, receiving grants from the
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in thematic categories: animal stories, automobiles, horrors, contaminations, sex and scandal, crime, and products, professionals and personalities. There are new versions of earlier legends, newly obtained pieces and leftovers from his files. Among the stories included in the book are: "The
Mexican Pet," "Cabbage Patch Kids' death certificates," "The Green Stamps." Many of the stories have been disseminated through print and broadcast media.
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721:, Brunvand provided the reader with a survey of urban legends, stories such as "The Choking Doberman," "The Poison Dress," and "The Death of Little Mikey." Each story, with its accompanying variations, are categorized into themes and motifs: victimized women and children, food and beverage contamination, fearful encounters, sexual embarrassment, and humorous retribution.
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the Back Seat." Brunvand's approach, according to reviewer Janet L. Langlois, "sensitizes the reader in a highly readable and effective way to both the dynamic narrative process in an urban context and the discipline of folklore and folklife studies." Some of these stories previously appeared in an article
Brunvand wrote for the June 1980 issue of
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are missing to make sense of the story. Though criticized for the popular orientation of his books, Brunvand was dedicated to publicizing the field of folklore, exploring the roots of the stories, where possible, and, in some cases debunking them. "Folklorists fill different educational roles," Brunvand told members of
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as "a collection of 'urban legends,' fictitious narratives that are passed from person to person in the guise of true stories and sometimes persist until they reach the status of folklore." These stories are bizarre but believable and often attributed to a friend of a friend (FOAF). Like in his book,
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lacked the depth necessary for people actively researching urban legends. Janet L. Langlois, for example, wondered what criteria
Brunvand used in selecting stories for the book, as well as what made the legends American, urban and modern. Reviewer Gary Alan Fine wrote, "The paperback edition makes an
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While teaching folklore at the
University of Utah, Brunvand noticed a disconnect with his students and their views toward folklore. "They always seemed to think that folklore belonged to somebody else, usually in the past, that was something quaint and outdated." He began asking his students to think
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or story telling. Urban legends are "too good to be true" stories that travel by word of mouth, by print, or by the internet and are attributed to an FOAF: friend of a friend. "Urban legends," Brunvand says, "have a persistent hold on the imagination because they have an element of suspense or humor,
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is
Brunvand's third book in a series of books about urban legends meant to appeal to a general audience. This time, Brunvand includes stories collected from colleagues, students, professional newscasters and appeals through his own publications, lectures and media appearances. He organized the book
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helped to popularize the topic for a student audience. Urban legends, Brunvand explains, are "kissing cousins of myths, fairy tales and rumors. Legends differ from rumors because the legends are stories, with a plot. And unlike myths and fairy tales, they are supposed to be current and true, events
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From 1977 to 1980, Brunvand served as editor of the
Journal of American Folklore, with the goal of making the journal more readable and useful to its major audience, American folklorists. He widened the scope of the journal by including articles written by those outside folklore, but whose work was
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is a book intended for students of folklore with a particular emphasis on
American Folklore as transmitted in the English language. For the purposes of this book, Brunvand defines folklore as "those materials in culture that circulate traditionally among members of any group in different versions,
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into classic urban legend types. For each legend type, Brunvand offers samples that show variations on the legends themselves, historical evidence of how the legend may have originated (often with
European or East Asian roots), and an explanation of what the legend might mean in an urban or modern
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is a book intended to introduce the idea of urban legends to the general public. Included in the book are such chilling and humorous stories as "The
Vanishing Hitchhiker," "The Economical Car," "The Ghost Airliner," The Girl with the Beehive Hairdo," "The Solid Cement Cadillac," and "The Killer in
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He participated in countless radio talk shows and dozens of press interviews, educating people about this pass-along folk narrative that, typically involves people misunderstanding or making false assumptions about a story they heard. They forget details and fill in the gaps by inventing what they
649:, and Antimony River (where he "fell twice and bashed his knee, though the injury wasn't anything a cold towel and a cold beer wouldn't fix"). "Day 10," Jim Reilly wrote in an article describing the competition," was the last we heard from Jan. We assume he made it home, but maybe he...vanished."
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is an illustrated volume that contains within its pages more than 500 articles covering
American and Canadian folklore and folklife. Subject areas include holidays, festivals, rituals to crafts, music, dance and occupations. The book provides short bibliographies and cross-references for further
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was published by W.W. Norton and Company. Brunvand received an Honorable Mention for this book in a 1969 Chicago Folklore Prize competition. The Chicago Folklore Prize is "supported by an endowment established by the International Folklore Association and is awarded annually by the University of
696:, should thrive and prosper, letting the all-purpose intelligentsia know that folklore is just as much fun as interplanetary travel and not nearly as expensive." To this, Brunvand countered: "I really won't think I have arrived until they refer to Carl Sagan as 'The Jan Brunvand of astronomy.'"
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For his lifetime dedication to the field of folklore, which included radio and television appearances, a syndicated newspaper column, and over 100 publications (articles, books, notes and reviews), Brunvand is considered to be "the legend scholar with the greatest influence on twentieth-century
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criticized the book for its failure to make explicit the background theory used to evaluate the works and classification system included in the book, contradictions in detail and narrative, its authoritarian tone, and its charismatic or arbitrary approach to knowledge with serious ethnocentric
786:, suggested that "the longevity and, presumably, continuing strong sales of the Brunvand text seems to confirm that introducing folklore by way of genres remains an effective and, for many, a preferred teaching tool even if it does not reflect the most current theoretical perspectives."
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about and discuss stories from their own lives. These stories helped form the basis of a collection which Brunvand later included in several popular books on the topic of urban legends. In 1981, Brunvand's first book devoted to urban legends was published.
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In the years 1973 to 1976, Brunvand, again, took on the role of associate editor for the Journal of American Folklore. He was named Folklore Fellow by the American Folklore Society in 1974 and was elected president of the organization in 1985.
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Brunvand wrote in a 2003 article, "Nowadays it would be naive to ask for mere press releases and print articles when most people turn to websites and on-line databases for information." He recognized that urban legend reference sites, like
347:. He spent the year studying folklore. He started publishing in academic publications during this period, notably a paper on Norwegian-American folklore in the archives of Indiana University and one about the Norwegian folk hero
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was published as Number 15 of the Indiana University's Folklore Series. Of the book, Brunvand says two things: "I've become better at choosing titles since then," and "The price was $ 3.00, and it was worth every penny of it.
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Fulford, Robert (1 February 2000). "That stuff that urban legends are made of: If there's an alligator in your sewer, Jan Brunvand will find it". No. National Edition. Don Mills, Ontario: National Post.
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rooted in everyday reality that at least could happen." Urban legends reflect modern-day societal concerns, hopes and fears, but are "weird whoppers we tell one another, believing them to be factual."
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He frequently writes for publications dedicated to skiing, vintage automobiles and fly fishing. Once in a while, Brunvand's hobbies and academic interests intersect, notably with an article in
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Includes more recent urban legends such as the Senile President, the Adulterous Evangelist, and the Smelly Gym Sock in the Big Mac. 233 pages hardbound. $ 34.95 (Harvard 1988: 229)."
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Brunvand was born on March 23, 1933, in Cadillac, Michigan, to Norwegian immigrants Harold N. Brunvand and Ruth Brunvand. He and his two siblings, Tor and Richard, were brought up in
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program and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant upon graduation. Brunvand went on to earn a Master of Arts degree in English from the same university in 1957. He briefly served in the
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On June 10, 1956, Brunvand married Judith Darlene Ast, also a student at Michigan State University. Four days later, the couple left for Oslo, Norway, where Brunvand attended the
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was published by St. Martin's Press. The book, intended for undergraduate folklore students, was a research tool with a bibliographic guide and tips for researching term papers.
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He gave the keynote address at the 2003 meeting of the Missouri Folklore Society. He was a speaker at the World Skeptics Congress in Italy in 2004. His is a fellow of the
438:"relevant to that being done by professional folklorists." He wanted to emphasize folklore and literature, folklore and history, folklife, festival and modern folklore.
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in 2003, "sometimes in classrooms, but often in a more public forum. I believe that the public and media image of what a folklorist does is in fact part of what we
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537:, Brunvand mentioned a notice he found on a computer newsgroup dated 1 March 1989, presumably an insider's joke: "I think Jan Harold Brunvand, alleged author of
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Although recognized by critics for its usefulness as an introductory volume and reference point for expanding the field of folklore, reviewers cautioned that
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (7 November 2003). Davis, Adam Brooke; Vandergriff, Jim (eds.). "Being a Folklorist: Plenary Address to the Missouri Folklore Society".
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Jordan-Smith, Paul (17 December 1999). "It Happened to a Friend of a Friend CURSES! BROILED AGAIN! The Hottest Urban Legends Going by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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and others, Brunvand felt that it was a "natural and worthwhile part of his job as a folklorist to communicate the results of his research to the public."
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Brunsvand, Jan (July–August 2012). ""One of the Finest Sports in the World": An English Victorian Lady tries skiløbning on a Visit to Norway".
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Langlois, Janet L. (July–September 1983). "The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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607:, formerly known as the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. In 2003 Brunvand was awarded CSICOP's
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Brunvand retired from the University of Utah in 1996, but continued doing some research and writing as professor emeritus of English.
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (Winter 1999). "The 1999 Archer Taylor Memorial Lecture: My Summer with Archer, and Some Unfinished Business".
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Bronner, Simon J. (October 1993). "Exploring American Traditions: A Survey of Folklore and Folklife Research in American Studies".
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publication, Mediagate, parodied urban legend books with this fake publisher's notice: "Bookman Publishing's Catalog for Fall '87:
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be doing, whether we were trained specifically for it or not, whether we work in academe or not, and whether we like it or not."
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McGillivray, Rosalyn (January 1988). "The Mexican Pet: More "New" Urban Legends and Some Old Favorites by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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396:, Edwardsville, Illinois, focusing on folktales, folklore and literature, before moving with his wife and four children to the
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Fine, Gary Alan (April 1982). "The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand and his books became so popular, that, when Richard Wolkomir dubbed him "Mr. Urban Legend" in an article for the
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later published by Routledge in 1991, highlighted his interest in the structure, morphology and typology of the folktale.
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Salvador, Normie (2003). "The Big Book of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand by Robert Loren Fleming; Robert F. Boyd".
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Campion-Vincent, Veronique (October 2001). "The Truth Never Stands in the Way of a Good Story! by Jan Harold Brunvand".
1903:(2). University of Chicago Press on behalf of Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research: 261–264. April 1966.
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Simpson, Jacqueline (October 2002). "Too Good to Be True: The Colossal Book of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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His favorite hobbies are fly fishing and skiing. He and his wife, Judith, continue to reside in Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Jordan-Smith, Paul (Fall 2008). "Be Afraid, Be Very Afraid: The Book of Scary Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Richmond, W. Edson (January–March 1969). "The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Ellis, Bill (1994). ""The Hook" Reconsidered: Problems in Classifying and Interpreting Adolescent Horror Legends".
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Feintuch, Burt (July–September 1978). "Reviewed work: Folklore: A Study and Research Guide, Jan Harold Brunvand".
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by Jan Harold Brunvand. Yet another set of rumors, tall tales, and fourth-hand hearsay compiled by the author of
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excellent supplementary reading for introductory folklore students. It's all good fun, and Brunvand, folklore's
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provide readers with far more timely examples and current information than he could keep up with in his books.
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sponsored by Fly Rod and Reel. He participated in the Solo-Angler category. Known during the tournament as the
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Bethke, Robert D. (April 1985). "The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Cochran, Robert (Spring 2008). "Casa Frumoasa: The House Beautiful in Rural Romania by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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312:, where, in 1955, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in journalism. While at Michigan State, he attended a
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411:(IREX) to continue his studies. His research would later be published in a single volume collection titled
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Oring, Elliot (October 1973). "The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (June 1980). "Heard About the Solid Cement Cadillac or the Nude in the Camper?".
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Briggs, K.M. (Spring 1969). "The Study of American Folklore. An Introduction by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Nicolini, Mary B. (December 1989). "Is There a FOAF in Your Future? Urban Folk Legends in Room 112".
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The Taming of the Shrew: A Comparative Study of Oral and Literary Versions (Aarne-Thompson type 901),
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Maul, Shirley A. (May 1997). "Outstanding Reference Sources: The 1997 Selection of Recent Titles".
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A Dictionary of Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases from Books Published by Indiana Authors Before 1890
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A Dictionary of Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases from Books Published by Indiana Authors Before 1890
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Nicolaisen, W.F.H. (1997). "The Baby Train and Other Lusty Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (April–June 1978). ""Romanian Design Portfolio," American Fabrics/Fashions".
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Null, Elizabeth F.; Mcnell, W.K.; Pifer, Lynn (October–December 1988). "The Journal's Editors".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (Spring 2023). "The String of (Fake) Pearls of Fishing Wisdom Continues".
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In 1961, Brunvand also received a Ph.D. in folklore from Indiana University. His dissertation,
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Degh, Linda (May–August 1987). "The Mexican Pet: "New" Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
2529:(1–2). Taylor & Francis Enterprises, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd.: 61–75.
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Brunvand, Jan (Fall 2015). "More on the Mickey Finn (origin of a fly pattern and its name)".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (Winter 2001). "Folklore in the News (And, Incidentally, on the Net)".
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Jensen, Joyce (8 April 2000). "Old urban legends never die (but they don't get any truer)".
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O'Brien, Joan (22 August 1999). "For Jan Brunvand Two Decades of Reading his 'Myth-Meter'".
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3415:. No. Late Edition–Final. The New York Times. p. Page 19, Section 14NJ, column 1.
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2136:(480). University of Illinois Press on behalf of the American Folklore Society: 244–245.
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Wolkomir, Richard (November 1992). "If those cobras don't get you, the alligators will".
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and Jan Brunvand at the 2014 American Folklore Society conference in Santa Fe, New Mexico
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Ketner, Kenneth Laine (April 1980). "The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction".
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Deutsch, James (October 2003). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (July–September 1982). "Obituary: Richard M. Dorson (1916-1981)".
1559:"Indiana University Folklore Institute, 1987 Collection: Jan Harold Brunvand Interview"
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Helmer, Dona J. (Winter 2001). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (January 1990). "Some News from the Miscellaneous Legend Files".
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Baker, Ronald L. (July 1981). "Readings in American Folklore by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (January–March 1963). "A Classification for Shaggy Dog Stories".
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Over the next two decades, Brunvand added to the collection with "new" urban legends:
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3102:(462). University of Illinois Press on behalf of American Folklore Society: 490–491.
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Though criticized for the "popular" rather than "academic" orientation of his books,
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Hobbs, Sandy (August 2003). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends by Jan Harold Brunvand".
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O'Conner, Patricia T. (14 December 1986). "New & Noteworthy: Book Review Desk".
400:, Salt Lake City, Utah, where he remained a professor until his retirement in 1996.
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531:, the title was later added to book jackets and other publicity. In an article for
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2819:(2). Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd.: 245–246.
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2243:(3). Taylor & Francis, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd.: 232–234.
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Brunvand, Jan Harold (April–June 1961). "Three More Variants of the 'Tag Tale'".
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3145:(2). Taylor and Francis, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd.: 273–274.
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Hathaway-Bell, Stacey (August 1998). "Satan's Shelving: Urban Library Legends".
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Goetz, Lin (26 September 1999). "An 'Anecdote' has made the rounds for years".
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Tokofsky, Peter (Spring–Summer 1998). "Introducing Folklore: A Review Essay".
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more of an "index" of American folklore rather than a "study" of it. Reviewer
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Glassie, Henry (October 1973). "A Guide for Collectors of Folklore in Utah".
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Brunsvand, Jan (July 2023). "Studebakers on Utah's Scenic State Route #12".
1771:"The Taming of the Shrew: A Comparative Study of Oral and Literary Versions"
641:), Brunvand spent 10 days alone fishing some of his favorite spots in Utah:
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2178:(1). Taylor and Francis, Ltd. on behalf of Folklore Enterprises, Ltd.: 62.
351:. In 1957, Brunvand returned to the United States as a graduate student at
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2910:(First ed.). New York, NY: The Atlantic Monthly Press. 1988. p.
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The Taming of the Shrew: A Comparative Study of Oral and Literary Versions
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The Taming of the Shrew: A Comparative Study of Oral and Literary Versions
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Molyneux, Michael (12 February 1995). "New & Noteworthy Paperbacks".
2590:. No. Late City Final Edition. p. Section 7; page 38, column 1.
385:, Moscow, Idaho, from 1961 to 1965. He served as associate editor of the
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1406:. Indiana University Folklore Institute, 1987 Collection. Archived from
1143:
592:
Jan Harold Brunvand trying on a pair of ski goggles on his 75th birthday
4916:
4223:
4125:
3689:
3572:
3537:
3502:
3394:
3294:
3115:
2891:
2824:
2797:
2770:
2710:
2668:
2542:
2372:
2291:
2256:
2191:
1951:
1916:
1846:
1720:
1637:
1621:
3467:
2507:
2337:
2221:
2079:
2044:
1881:
1755:
1676:
1652:
1606:
1286:
1200:
511:
and, in 1987, began a twice-weekly syndicated newspaper column called
4840:
3806:
2141:
163:
3564:
3529:
3494:
3386:
3286:
2883:
2702:
2364:
2283:
1943:
1712:
3459:
2499:
2329:
2071:
2012:(4, Part 1). Modern Language Association: 1002–1003. September 1968
1908:
1873:
1747:
1668:
1192:
878:
The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings
812:, compiled by Jan Harold Brunvand (Indiana University Press 1961) (
668:
The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings
600:, illustrated by Randy Hickman, was published by ABC-CLIO in 2001.
468:
The Vanishing Hitchhiker: American Urban Legends and Their Meanings
2001:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
866:, edited by Jan Harold Brunvand (W.W. Norton & Company 1979) (
587:
541:, is an urban legend. Has anybody ever actually seen this guy?" A
362:
677:
Heard About the Solid Cement Cadillac or the Nude in the Camper?,
430:
was published by Utah Publications in the American West in 1971.
423:
Chicago for an important contribution to the study of folklore."
3620:
3094:
Hanson, Todd A. (Autumn 2003). "Encyclopedia of Urban Legends".
1828:
1826:
1622:"Norwegian-American Folklore in the Indiana University Archives"
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1221:. No. Late Edition (East Coast). New York, NY. p. B.9.
906:
The Mexican Pet: More "New" Urban Legends and Some Old Favorites
3624:
2746:. No. Late Edition–Final. p. 36, section 7, column 1.
2216:(395). American Folklore Society: 125–126. January–March 1987.
3338:
3336:
2865:
2863:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
3321:(2). Minnesota Historical Society Press: 90–92. Summer 1982.
1653:"Norway's Askeladden, the Unpromising Hero, and Junior-Right"
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
978:, edited by Jan Harold Brunvand (Taylor & Francis 1996) (
2581:
2579:
2203:
2201:
1972:"Hear! Hear! A Noted Folklorist Gets at the Roots of Rumors"
826:(W.W. Norton & Company 1968, revised 1978, 1986, 1998) (
2100:. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Archived from
265:
Brunvand is best known for popularizing the concept of the
2002:"Report of the Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association"
1552:
1550:
1548:
1325:. Columbia, Missouri: The Missouri Folklore Society: 1–17.
1046:
Be Afraid, Be Very Afraid: The book of scary Urban Legends
616:
Be Afraid, Be Very Afraid: The Book of Scary Urban Legends
2039:(Supplement). American Folklore Society: 3–59. May 1974.
1841:(4). Western States Folklore Society: 259. October 1966.
581:
in September 1999. He spoke to Noah Adams about his book
3172:(3). Mid-America American Studies Association: 107–108.
1537:"Newlyweds sail June 14 for Norway after Sunday rites".
1532:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2678:
1798:
1796:
990:
Too Good to Be True: The Colossal Book of Urban Legends
679:
Brunvand categorizes the different legends included in
583:
Too Good to be True: The Colossal Book of Urban Legends
572:. He writes a series of columns on Seniors Skiing.com.
501:
Too Good to be True: The Colossal Book of Urban Legends
3594:(2). Mid-America American Studies Association: 37–69.
3426:
Johnson, George (8 May 1988). "New & Noteworthy".
2094:"Fellowships to Assist Research and Artistic Creation"
920:
Curses! Broiled Again! The Hottest Urban Legends Going
3441:
3439:
3437:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2463:
1356:"World Skeptics Conference 2004: Jan Harold Brunvand"
1187:(8). National Council of Teachers of English: 81–84.
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3354:
3308:
3306:
3304:
2737:
2735:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1362:. Abano Terme, Italy. 10 August 2004. Archived from
413:
Casa Frumoasa: The House Beautiful in Rural Romania,
324:
and was discharged with the rank of 1st Lieutenant.
4939:
4888:
4849:
4806:
4770:
4745:
4710:
4690:
4664:
4587:
4514:
4484:
4448:
4422:
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4363:
4294:
4273:
4175:
4150:
4106:
3861:
3825:
3678:
3671:
2386:
2384:
2382:
1541:. Benton Harbor, Michigan. 11 June 1956. p. 6.
1155:
1153:
1032:
Casa Frumoasa: The House Beautiful in Rural Romania
224:
198:
190:
185:
175:
162:
139:
134:
107:
84:
62:
37:
21:
3268:
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3258:
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2424:
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2123:
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2119:
1588:
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1584:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
892:The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends
773:, the classification system used by Brunvand made
714:The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends
618:was published in 2004 by W.W. Norton and Company.
505:The Truth Never Stands in the Way of a Good Story!
478:The Choking Doberman and Other "New" Urban Legends
3559:(2/3). Western States Folklore Society: 179–189.
2399:(5). American Library Association: 62–66, 68–69.
2311:
2309:
2235:Newall, Venetia (Autumn 1969). "Folklore Notes".
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1123:
1121:
1004:The Truth Never Stands in the Way of a Good Story
992:(W. W. Norton & Company 1999, revised 2001) (
846:(Canadian Centre for Folk Cultural Studies 1974)
575:Brunvand was a guest on National Public Radio's
547:The Embarrassing Fart and More New Urban Legends
452:, published by W.W. Norton and Company in 1979,
3524:(2). Western States Folklore Society: 130–133.
3489:(4). Western States Folklore Society: 284–286.
3381:(2). Western States Folklore Society: 147–149.
3281:(2). Western States Folklore Society: 156–157.
2878:(1). Western States Folklore Society: 111–120.
2359:(3). Western States Folklore Society: 270–272.
2278:(4). Western States Folklore Society: 286–287.
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
1212:
1210:
824:The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction
766:The Study of American Folklore. An Introduction
760:The Study of American Folklore. An Introduction
420:The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction
415:published by East European Monographs in 2003.
237:The Study of American Folklore: An Introduction
3220:
3218:
3216:
3214:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2031:"Proceedings of the annual business meeting".
1811:(4). Western State Folklore Society: 417–421.
1499:"Dr. Jan Harold Brunvand: About the Professor"
1457:
1455:
3636:
3406:
3404:
3191:Binga, Timothy (September 1998). "FOAFlore".
2697:(1). Western States Folklore Society: 69–70.
1965:
1963:
1961:
1938:(1). Western States Folklore Society: 47–66.
1557:Harrah-Conforth, Jeanne (19 September 1996).
1398:Harrah-Conforth, Jeanne (19 September 1996).
1138:(2). American Library Association: 191, 193.
496:The Baby Train: And Other Lusty Urban Legends
332:While attending Michigan State, Brunvand met
254:(born March 23, 1933) is an American retired
8:
2609:(2). Wayne State University Press: 269–272.
1707:(1). Western States Folklore Society: 1–23.
948:The Baby Train and Other Lusty Urban Legends
409:International Research & Exchanges Board
5073:Presidents of the American Folklore Society
2494:(381). American Folklore Society: 356–357.
1868:(292). American Folklore Society: 146–148.
1651:Brunvand, Jan Harold (January–March 1959).
1601:(377). American Folklore Society: 347–353.
1469:. Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc
1386:"Some Legendary Takes on Hurricane Katrina"
1080:. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
274:they are plausible and they have a moral."
4694:
4518:
4300:
4112:
3682:
3675:
3643:
3629:
3621:
2994:"Famous Thoreau Quotation Is Pretty Fishy"
2564:(7). American Library Association: 44–49.
1388:, American Folklore Society, March 7, 2012
838:A Guide for Collectors of Folklore in Utah
428:A Guide for Collectors of Folklore in Utah
405:Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association
29:
18:
3454:(323). American Folklore Society: 80–83.
1742:(299). American Folklore Society: 42–68.
1663:(283). American Folklore Society: 14–23.
487:The Mexican Pet: More "New" Urban Legends
2663:(2). Indiana University Press: 192–193.
4783:Legends and myths regarding the Titanic
3199:(8). American Library Association: 34.
2448:. Cable News Network. 22 September 1999
1065:
782:biases. Peter Tokofsky, in his article
485:(which was formatted as a comic book),
392:In 1965, Brunvand taught for a year at
2907:The Harvard Lampoon Presents Mediagate
1895:"Associates in Current Anthropology".
403:By 1967, Brunvand was a member of the
5028:Indiana University Bloomington alumni
3049:from the original on 29 December 2023
2845:. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from
1131:Reference and User Services Quarterly
1006:(University of Illinois Press 2000) (
448:Brunvand edited two other textbooks:
7:
5058:Southern Illinois University faculty
5018:American people of Norwegian descent
4793:Time travel claims and urban legends
3833:Angikuni's disappeared Inuit village
2992:Brunvand, Jan Harold (Winter 2022).
1565:. Indiana University. Archived from
850:Folklore: A Study and Research Guide
784:Introducing Folklore: A Review Essay
739:The Mexican Pet: "New" Urban Legends
733:The Mexican Pet: "New" Urban Legends
443:Folklore: A Study and Research Guide
304:From high school, Brunvand attended
3712:The babysitter and the man upstairs
3227:"2003 Trout Bum Tournament Wrap Up"
2728:. No. Home Edition. p. 1.
1775:Routledge: Taylor and Francis Group
1463:"1940 United States Federal Census"
1166:. Salt Lake City, Utah. p. D1.
1048:(W. W. Norton & Company 2004) (
950:(W. W. Norton & Company 1993) (
922:(W. W. Norton & Company 1989) (
908:(W. W. Norton & Company 1986) (
894:(W. W. Norton & Company 1984) (
754:Academic books on American folklore
3233:. Fly Rod and Reel. Archived from
1448:(8). Smithsonian Institution: 166.
1034:(Columbia University Press 2003) (
976:American Folklore: An Encyclopedia
797:American Folklore: An Encyclopedia
791:American Folklore: An Encyclopedia
454:American Folklore: An Encyclopedia
14:
1769:Brunvand, Jan H. (1 March 1991).
1319:Missouri Folklore Society Journal
706:Patricia T. O'Connor, writer for
656:Popular books about urban legends
507:. He made several appearances on
5033:Michigan State University alumni
4975:
4974:
3888:Black children as alligator bait
3448:The Journal of American Folklore
3096:The Journal of American Folklore
2488:The Journal of American Folklore
2442:"Chatbooks: Jan Harold Brunvand"
2318:The Journal of American Folklore
2210:The Journal of American Folklore
2130:The Journal of American Folklore
2060:The Journal of American Folklore
2033:The Journal of American Folklore
1862:The Journal of American Folklore
1736:The Journal of American Folklore
1657:The Journal of American Folklore
1595:The Journal of American Folklore
1275:The Journal of American Folklore
456:, published by Garland in 1996.
314:Reserve Officers' Training Corps
4600:University of Cambridge legends
4397:Lampshades made from human skin
3616:Dr. Brunvand's official website
1970:Faber, Nancy (23 August 1982).
1563:Utah State University Libraries
1404:Utah State University Libraries
1400:"Jan Harold Brunvand Interview"
840:(University of Utah Press 1971)
724:Though Robert D. Bethke called
605:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
509:Late Night with David Letterman
97:
16:American folklorist (born 1933)
5013:People from Cadillac, Michigan
4858:Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction
4456:Legends of Catherine the Great
3893:Black Dog of the Hanging Hills
3588:American Studies International
3166:American Studies International
775:The Study of American Folklore
626:In 2003, Brunvand entered the
568:debunking a fake quotation by
1:
2535:10.1080/0015587x.1994.9715874
2249:10.1080/0015587x.1969.9716641
2184:10.1080/0015587X.1969.9716618
1620:Brunvand, Jan (Winter 1957).
1018:Encyclopedia of Urban Legends
962:The Big Book of Urban Legends
864:Readings in American Folklore
844:Norwegian Settlers in Alberta
598:Encyclopedia of Urban Legends
518:The Missouri Folklore Society
483:The Big Book of Urban Legends
450:Readings in American Folklore
4962:Lists of legendary creatures
4548:The Dark Side of the Rainbow
4402:Soap made from human corpses
4005:Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences
3782:Litter boxes in schools hoax
3747:The Dark Side of the Rainbow
2657:Journal of Folklore Research
1833:"Folklore and Folklorists".
394:Southern Illinois University
387:Journal of American Folklore
211:Southern Illinois University
5068:Writers from Salt Lake City
5063:University of Idaho faculty
3777:Lighthouse and naval vessel
1777:. Routledge. Archived from
1106:. Fulbright Scholar Program
852:(St. Martin's Press 1976) (
5094:
5053:University of Utah faculty
4957:Lists of fictional species
4621:Man Proposes, God Disposes
4409:Lone gunner of Flesquières
4057:Sightings of Elvis Presley
3225:Reilly, Jim (April 2004).
3039:"Articles by Jan Brunvand"
1163:The Salt Lake City Tribune
297:. Brunvand graduated from
5023:University of Oslo alumni
4970:
4798:Urban legends about drugs
4697:
4521:
4303:
4115:
3685:
3658:
551:The Vanishing Hitchhiker.
441:In 1976, Brunvand's book
306:Michigan State University
245:
154:Michigan State University
130:
28:
4788:McDonald's urban legends
4440:Zegrze Reservoir Monster
4198:Hanako-san of the Toilet
719:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
689:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
681:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
662:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
639:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
299:J. W. Sexton High School
289:Early life and education
279:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
232:The Vanishing Hitchhiker
4571:Strategic steam reserve
4526:999 phone charging myth
4040:Philadelphia Experiment
3430:. p. 42, column 1.
3231:Fly Rod and Reel Online
3020:The American Fly Fisher
3001:The American Fly Fisher
2956:The American Fly Fisher
1020:(ABC-CLIO, Inc. 2001) (
566:The American Fly Fisher
381:Brunvand taught at the
4561:Phantom social workers
4466:Hitler's pet alligator
4233:("Slit-Mouthed Woman")
4035:Phantom social workers
3767:Killer in the backseat
3413:New Jersey Weekly Desk
1497:Brunvand, Jan Harold.
964:(Paradox Press 1994) (
593:
557:Post-retirement career
491:Curses! Broiled Again!
371:
318:U.S. Army Signal Corps
310:East Lansing, Michigan
4392:German Corpse Factory
4330:Konstantinos Koukidis
3913:Brown Mountain lights
3108:10.1353/jaf.2003.0063
2839:"Jan Harold Brunvand"
2615:10.1353/mat.2003.0034
2098:Guggenheim Foundation
1104:fulbrightscholars.org
1074:"Jan Harold Brunvand"
609:Distinguished Skeptic
591:
578:All Things Considered
366:
345:Fulbright scholarship
5038:American folklorists
4947:List of creepypastas
4896:_9MOTHER9HORSE9EYES9
4702:Bass Strait Triangle
4672:Elephants' graveyard
4461:Lenin was a mushroom
4376:Vanishing Hotel Room
4185:Curse of the Colonel
4010:Lost Dutchman's Mine
3979:The Hands Resist Him
3838:Oak Island money pit
3817:Vanishing hitchhiker
3702:2016 clown sightings
3313:"News & Notes".
1897:Current Anthropology
1366:on 23 September 2015
880:(W.W. Norton 1981) (
779:Kenneth Laine Ketner
726:The Choking Doberman
701:The Choking Doberman
645:, Gooseberry Creek,
637:(a nod to his book,
635:Vanishing Fly Fisher
539:The Choking Doberman
301:in Lansing in 1951.
4816:Jan Harold Brunvand
4723:Flora and Fauna Act
4449:Soviet Union/Russia
4163:Monkey-man of Delhi
4072:Seven Gates of Hell
3898:Black-eyed children
3853:Thetis Lake Monster
3695:White lighter curse
3237:on 29 December 2014
2603:Marvels & Tales
2104:on 29 December 2014
1781:on 29 December 2014
1509:on 29 December 2014
1503:www.janbrunvand.com
1180:The English Journal
389:from 1963 to 1967.
383:University of Idaho
269:, a form of modern
252:Jan Harold Brunvand
216:University of Idaho
135:Academic background
23:Jan Harold Brunvand
4647:Spring-heeled Jack
4642:Ratman of Southend
4610:Isaac Newton's dog
4605:Croydon Cat Killer
4241:("Wriggling Body")
3971:Lake Worth Monster
3961:Maryland's Goatman
3428:The New York Times
3193:American Libraries
3075:. 2 September 1999
2744:The New York Times
2588:The New York Times
2558:American Libraries
2393:American Libraries
2208:"Books Received".
1640:– via JSTOR.
1539:The News-Palladium
1219:The New York Times
936:(Routledge 1991) (
709:The New York Times
594:
460:"Mr. Urban Legend"
398:University of Utah
372:
353:Indiana University
341:University of Oslo
260:University of Utah
206:University of Utah
149:Indiana University
55:Cadillac, Michigan
5048:American skeptics
4990:
4989:
4766:
4765:
4741:
4740:
4660:
4659:
4615:Manchester Pusher
4510:
4509:
4430:Kraina GrzybĂłw TV
4171:
4170:
4158:Indian rope trick
4102:
4101:
3966:Pope Lick Monster
3315:Minnesota History
3043:SeniorsSkiing.com
2726:Los Angeles Times
2430:p. B1/Front.
1054:978-0-393-32613-0
1040:978-0-880-33528-7
1026:978-1-576-07532-6
1012:978-0-252-07004-4
998:978-0-393-32088-6
984:978-0-8153-0751-8
970:978-1-563-89165-6
956:978-0-393-03438-7
942:978-0-8240-7149-3
928:978-0-393-30711-5
914:978-0-393-30542-5
900:978-0-393-30321-6
886:978-0-393-95169-1
872:978-0-393-95029-8
858:978-0-312-29750-3
832:978-0-393-97223-8
818:978-0-253-38015-9
295:Lansing, Michigan
249:
248:
121:Fulbright scholar
115:Guggenheim fellow
5085:
5078:Fulbright alumni
4978:
4977:
4952:List of cryptids
4758:Treasure of Lima
4695:
4595:British big cats
4519:
4309:And yet it moves
4301:
4286:Yamashita's gold
4218:Kisaragi Station
4113:
4077:Sewer alligators
4062:Richmond Vampire
3956:Goatman's Bridge
3938:Choking Doberman
3903:Blue star tattoo
3843:Screaming Tunnel
3737:Coghlan's coffin
3722:Bermuda Triangle
3683:
3676:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3622:
3604:
3603:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3553:Western Folklore
3548:
3542:
3541:
3518:Western Folklore
3513:
3507:
3506:
3483:Western Folklore
3478:
3472:
3471:
3443:
3432:
3431:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3408:
3399:
3398:
3375:Western Folklore
3370:
3349:
3348:
3345:Psychology Today
3340:
3331:
3330:
3310:
3299:
3298:
3275:Western Folklore
3270:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3222:
3209:
3208:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2998:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2872:Western Folklore
2867:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2781:
2775:
2774:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2739:
2730:
2729:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2691:Western Folklore
2686:
2673:
2672:
2652:
2635:
2634:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2583:
2574:
2573:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2483:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2409:
2408:
2388:
2377:
2376:
2353:Western Folklore
2348:
2342:
2341:
2324:(361): 872–874.
2313:
2304:
2303:
2272:Western Folklore
2267:
2261:
2260:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2205:
2196:
2195:
2167:
2154:
2153:
2142:10.2307/20487603
2125:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2066:(360): 724–725.
2055:
2049:
2048:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1967:
1956:
1955:
1932:Western Folklore
1927:
1921:
1920:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1835:Western Folklore
1830:
1821:
1820:
1805:Western Folklore
1800:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1701:Western Folklore
1696:
1681:
1680:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1626:Midwest Folklore
1617:
1611:
1610:
1590:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1554:
1543:
1542:
1534:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1505:. Archived from
1494:
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1125:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1070:
673:Psychology Today
614:Brunvand's book
534:Western Folklore
368:Benjamin Radford
176:Doctoral advisor
101:
99:
51:
47:
45:
33:
19:
5093:
5092:
5088:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5082:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4986:
4966:
4935:
4910:No Through Road
4884:
4845:
4836:Patricia Turner
4808:
4802:
4762:
4737:
4733:Poinciana Woman
4706:
4686:
4656:
4627:Mistletoe bough
4583:
4566:The Spider Bite
4506:
4480:
4444:
4435:Nazi gold train
4418:
4380:
4359:
4296:
4290:
4269:
4208:Inunaki Village
4167:
4146:
4108:
4107:Continental and
4098:
3990:JATO Rocket Car
3923:Charlie No-Face
3863:
3857:
3848:St. Louis light
3821:
3772:The Licked Hand
3667:
3654:
3649:
3612:
3607:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3565:10.2307/1500219
3550:
3549:
3545:
3530:10.2307/1500071
3515:
3514:
3510:
3495:10.2307/1498313
3480:
3479:
3475:
3445:
3444:
3435:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3410:
3409:
3402:
3387:10.2307/1499565
3372:
3371:
3352:
3342:
3341:
3334:
3312:
3311:
3302:
3287:10.2307/1499791
3272:
3271:
3250:
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3224:
3223:
3212:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3078:
3076:
3069:"Urban Legends"
3067:
3066:
3062:
3052:
3050:
3037:Brunvand, Jan.
3036:
3035:
3031:
3017:
3016:
3012:
2996:
2991:
2990:
2986:
2972:
2971:
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2948:
2937:Skiing Heritage
2934:
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2904:
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2899:
2884:10.2307/1499485
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2718:
2703:10.2307/1500063
2688:
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2365:10.2307/1499699
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2307:
2284:10.2307/1498314
2269:
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2234:
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2199:
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2168:
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2092:
2091:
2087:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1985:
1983:
1969:
1968:
1959:
1944:10.2307/1500195
1929:
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1397:
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1384:Lindahl, Carl,
1383:
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624:
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543:Harvard Lampoon
462:
330:
328:Academic career
291:
241:
220:
158:
126:
103:
100: 1956)
95:
91:
90:Judith Brunvand
80:
58:
52:
49:
43:
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24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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4923:SCP Foundation
4920:
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4906:
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4892:
4890:
4886:
4885:
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4882:
4875:
4868:
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4831:Gary Alan Fine
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4771:Topic articles
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4755:
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4542:The Crying Boy
4538:
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4528:
4522:
4516:
4515:United Kingdom
4512:
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4507:
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4504:
4499:
4494:
4492:Castilian lisp
4488:
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4406:
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4371:Angels of Mons
4367:
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4283:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4251:Red Room Curse
4248:
4243:
4235:
4231:Kuchisake-onna
4227:
4220:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4203:Headless Rider
4200:
4195:
4187:
4181:
4179:
4173:
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4169:
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4160:
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4110:
4104:
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4097:
4096:
4091:
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4089:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4047:
4045:Poisoned candy
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3975:
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3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3908:Boy Scout Lane
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3867:
3865:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
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3845:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3802:The Spooklight
3799:
3794:
3792:Momo Challenge
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3707:The Baby-Roast
3704:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3686:
3680:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3648:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3611:
3610:External links
3608:
3606:
3605:
3578:
3543:
3508:
3473:
3460:10.2307/539061
3433:
3418:
3400:
3350:
3332:
3300:
3248:
3210:
3183:
3156:
3129:
3086:
3060:
3029:
3010:
2984:
2975:Turning Wheels
2965:
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2897:
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2803:
2776:
2749:
2731:
2716:
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2500:10.2307/540959
2459:
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2343:
2330:10.2307/538694
2305:
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2227:
2197:
2155:
2115:
2085:
2072:10.2307/538934
2050:
2023:
1993:
1957:
1922:
1909:10.1086/200715
1887:
1874:10.2307/537782
1852:
1822:
1792:
1761:
1748:10.2307/538078
1726:
1682:
1669:10.2307/538383
1643:
1632:(4): 221–228.
1612:
1580:
1544:
1520:
1480:
1451:
1421:
1390:
1377:
1328:
1292:
1281:(402): 20–49.
1224:
1206:
1193:10.2307/819495
1169:
1149:
1117:
1100:"Jan Brunvand"
1091:
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1059:
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1057:
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959:
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861:
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835:
821:
805:
804:Selected works
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752:
735:
730:
703:
698:
664:
659:
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654:
623:
620:
558:
555:
513:Urban Legends.
461:
458:
334:Richard Dorson
329:
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180:Richard Dorson
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53:
48:March 23, 1933
39:
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26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5090:
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5069:
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5054:
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5049:
5046:
5044:
5043:Urban legends
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5008:Living people
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4983:
4982:
4973:
4972:
4969:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4931:(film series)
4930:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4872:Urban Legends
4869:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
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4814:
4813:
4811:
4805:
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4796:
4794:
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4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4769:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4753:James Bartley
4751:
4750:
4748:
4746:South America
4744:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4728:Mahogany Ship
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4709:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4683:
4682:Madam Koi Koi
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
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4537:
4534:
4532:
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4527:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4502:Santa Compaña
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
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4457:
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4428:
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4407:
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4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4320:Ghost of Kyiv
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4281:Biringan City
4279:
4278:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4246:Lavender Town
4244:
4242:
4240:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
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4206:
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4149:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4114:
4111:
4109:mainland Asia
4105:
4095:
4092:
4088:
4087:2014 stabbing
4085:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4030:Night Doctors
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
4000:Kennedy curse
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3948:Rudolph Fentz
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3933:Chimera House
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
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3869:
3868:
3866:
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3849:
3846:
3844:
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3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
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3828:
3824:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3757:Gasoline pill
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:The Backrooms
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
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75:urban legends
73:
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50:(age 91)
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
4979:
4929:Urban Legend
4928:
4915:
4908:
4901:
4879:Channel Zero
4877:
4870:
4863:
4856:
4815:
4809:and analysis
4778:Creepypastas
4652:Sweeney Todd
4632:Paul is dead
4619:
4577:
4554:
4540:
4497:Sacamantecas
4476:White Tights
4471:Well to Hell
4307:
4262:
4238:
4230:
4222:
4193:("Red Cape")
4190:
4141:Orang Minyak
4139:
4134:Ourang Medan
4133:
4124:
4120:Colonel Tomb
4049:
3985:Haunchyville
3977:
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3787:Men in black
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3274:
3239:. Retrieved
3235:the original
3230:
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3142:
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3089:
3077:. Retrieved
3072:
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3051:. Retrieved
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2851:. Retrieved
2847:the original
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2450:. Retrieved
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2209:
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2133:
2129:
2106:. Retrieved
2102:the original
2097:
2088:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2009:
2005:
1996:
1984:. Retrieved
1979:
1975:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1865:
1861:
1855:
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1834:
1808:
1804:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:the original
1774:
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1704:
1700:
1660:
1656:
1646:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1598:
1594:
1571:. Retrieved
1567:the original
1562:
1538:
1511:. Retrieved
1507:the original
1502:
1471:. Retrieved
1467:Ancestry.com
1466:
1445:
1441:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:the original
1403:
1393:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1364:the original
1359:
1322:
1318:
1278:
1274:
1218:
1184:
1178:
1172:
1161:
1135:
1129:
1108:. Retrieved
1103:
1094:
1082:. Retrieved
1077:
1068:
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989:
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723:
718:
713:
712:, described
707:
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338:
331:
303:
292:
283:
278:
276:
267:urban legend
264:
251:
250:
236:
231:
199:Institutions
171: (1961)
168:
5003:1933 births
4865:MythBusters
4821:Hoax Slayer
4350:Silverpilen
4345:Red mercury
4315:Black Volga
4295:Continental
4274:Philippines
4213:John Zegrus
4094:Tourist guy
4082:Slender Man
4067:Ronald Opus
4025:Midgetville
4015:Melon heads
3995:Kay's Cross
3928:Chase Vault
3883:Ben Drowned
3812:Frank Tower
3797:Snuff films
3742:Cow tipping
3732:Candle Cove
3727:Bloody Mary
3241:13 December
3079:14 December
3053:29 December
3026:(2): 17–18.
3007:(6): 20–24.
2981:(7): 36–38.
2962:(4): 16–19.
2943:(4): 25–27.
2452:11 December
2108:13 December
2016:10 December
1986:11 December
1785:10 December
1513:13 December
1442:Smithsonian
647:Price River
529:Smithsonian
426:Brunvand's
123:, 1970–1971
63:Occupations
4997:Categories
4889:In fiction
4826:Linda DĂ©gh
4718:Baby Train
4637:Purple Aki
4531:Baby Train
4257:Sony timer
4020:Mel's Hole
3943:Rodney Cox
3878:Baby Train
2853:2014-12-29
1573:4 December
1473:4 December
1414:4 December
1370:5 December
1061:References
800:research.
748:Snopes.com
694:Carl Sagan
675:. As with
631:Tournament
349:Askeladden
256:folklorist
194:Folklorist
191:Discipline
141:Alma mater
77:researcher
44:1933-03-23
4904:franchise
4850:TV series
4807:Theorists
4711:Australia
4536:Black dog
4414:Nazi UFOs
4325:Herobrine
4264:Teke Teke
4191:Aka Manto
3918:Bunny Man
3752:John Fare
3672:By region
3124:161943284
2631:162214169
2300:165446629
1360:CICAP.org
684:context.
629:Trout Bum
418:In 1968,
70:Professor
4981:Category
4902:Candyman
4355:This Man
4335:Le Loyon
4239:Kunekune
4051:Polybius
3952:Goatmen
3762:The Hook
3600:41279162
3347:: 50–62.
3327:20178777
3205:25635095
3178:41280001
3151:30035106
3139:Folklore
3047:Archived
2813:Folklore
2786:Folklore
2759:Folklore
2623:41388671
2570:25635063
2523:Folklore
2405:25634449
2237:Folklore
2172:Folklore
2150:20487603
1817:25474941
1144:41241093
1110:22 March
1084:22 March
622:Personal
285:media."
271:folklore
4940:Related
4917:Petscop
4691:Oceania
4588:England
4578:Titanic
4385:Germany
4224:Kokkuri
4126:Nale Ba
3690:27 Club
3573:1500219
3538:1500071
3503:1498313
3395:1499565
3295:1499791
3116:4137766
3073:NPR.org
2892:1499485
2825:1260855
2798:1260694
2771:1260739
2711:1500063
2669:3814364
2543:1260630
2446:CNN.com
2373:1499699
2292:1498314
2257:1259120
2192:1259339
1952:1500195
1917:2740049
1847:1498524
1721:1500359
1638:4317682
611:Award.
570:Thoreau
102:
94:
4841:Snopes
4677:Guegue
4665:Africa
4555:Friday
4423:Poland
4364:France
4297:Europe
3872:Aurora
3864:States
3862:United
3826:Canada
3807:Tayopa
3598:
3571:
3536:
3501:
3468:539061
3466:
3393:
3325:
3293:
3203:
3176:
3149:
3122:
3114:
2918:
2890:
2843:TV.com
2823:
2796:
2769:
2709:
2667:
2629:
2621:
2568:
2541:
2508:540959
2506:
2403:
2371:
2338:538694
2336:
2298:
2290:
2255:
2222:540017
2220:
2190:
2148:
2080:538934
2078:
2045:539121
2043:
1976:People
1950:
1915:
1882:537782
1880:
1845:
1815:
1756:538078
1754:
1719:
1677:538383
1675:
1636:
1607:539914
1605:
1287:540385
1285:
1201:918495
1199:
1142:
1078:gf.org
1052:
1038:
1024:
1010:
996:
982:
968:
954:
940:
926:
912:
898:
884:
870:
856:
830:
816:
522:should
503:, and
164:Thesis
108:Awards
85:Spouse
57:, U.S.
4485:Spain
4340:Pérák
4177:Japan
4151:India
3596:JSTOR
3569:JSTOR
3534:JSTOR
3499:JSTOR
3464:JSTOR
3391:JSTOR
3323:JSTOR
3291:JSTOR
3201:JSTOR
3174:JSTOR
3147:JSTOR
3120:S2CID
3112:JSTOR
2997:(PDF)
2888:JSTOR
2821:JSTOR
2794:JSTOR
2767:JSTOR
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