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1480:, while commercial and residential districts of the city were set on fire. The Chinese defensive positions deteriorated rapidly without naval and armored support, although the number of defenders was nearly five divisions. Meanwhile the Japanese forces had a single division—the IJA 9th Division, alongside the IJA 24th Mixed brigade and the Shanghai Naval Landing Force, numbering around 18,000 troops, also backed by aerial and naval bombardments.
48:
1512:
1338:
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1434:, attempted to negotiate a ceasefire between Japan and China. Initially a ceasefire was brokered between the two nations, but it was subsequently broken, with both sides claiming the other side had reopened fire upon their troops. On February 12, American, British and French representatives brokered a half-day
1354:
demanding public condemnation and monetary compensation by the
Chinese for any Japanese property damaged in the monk incident, and demanding that the Chinese government take active steps to suppress further anti-Japanese protests in the city. During the afternoon of January 28, the Shanghai Municipal
1441:
The
Japanese issued another ultimatum, demanding that the Chinese Army retreat 20 km from the border of the Shanghai concessions, a demand promptly rejected. This only intensified fighting in Hongkou. The Japanese were unable to take the city by the middle of February. Subsequently, the number
1370:
However, shortly before midnight on
January 28, plainclothes Chinese troops that had infiltrated the Hongkou district in the Japanese Defense Sector fired upon Japanese sailors leaving their headquarters. Three thousand Japanese sailors were mobilized in response, attacking the neighboring district
1057:
to
Shanghai. The monks shouted anti-Chinese, pro-Japanese nationalist slogans in Shanghai, promoting Japanese rule over East Asia. In response, a Chinese mob formed killing one monk and injuring two. In response, the Japanese in Shanghai rioted and burned down a factory, killing two Chinese. Heavy
1523:
passed a resolution demanding a ceasefire, though sporadic fighting persisted. On March 6, the
Chinese unilaterally agreed to stop fighting, although the Japanese rejected the ceasefire. On March 14, representatives from the League of Nations arrived at Shanghai to broker a negotiation with the
1345:
The situation continued to deteriorate over the next week. By
January 27, the Japanese military had already concentrated some 30 ships, a number of seaplanes, and nearly 2,000 troops around the shoreline of Shanghai to put down any resistance in the event that violence broke out. The military's
1062:. A truce was finally reached on May 5, calling for Japanese military withdrawal, and an end to Chinese boycotts of Japanese products. It is seen as the first example of a modern war waged in a large city between two heavily equipped armies and as a preview of what was to come during the
1502:
behind
Chinese lines. The defenders launched a desperate counterattack but were unable to dislodge the Japanese. Following their encirclement, Chinese troops abandoned Shanghai and the surrounding area, and on March 3, the Japanese Commander gave the order to stop the fighting.
1208:
One policeman was killed and several more hurt when they arrived to quell the disorder. This caused an upsurge of anti-Japanese and anti-imperialist protests in the city and its concessions, with
Chinese residents of Shanghai marching onto the streets and calling for a
1375:
and assuming control of the "de facto" Japanese settlement in
Hongkou. In what was a surprising about-face for many, the 19th Route Army, which many had expected to leave after having been paid, put up fierce resistance. Also on the 28th, the
1350:, where most of the Japanese citizens resided, had been assigned as the Japanese Defense Sector as part of the International Defense Scheme enacted by the foreign powers in Shanghai the year prior. The Japanese issued an ultimatum to the
1597:, independent of the Republic of China. This new government was not supported by all elements of the Communists and was quickly crushed by Chiang's armies in January 1934. The leaders of the 19th Route Army escaped to
892:
1366:
force, posing as great a danger to
Shanghai as the Japanese military. In the end, Shanghai donated a substantial bribe to the 19th Route Army, hoping that it would leave and not incite a Japanese attack.
1362:
had been massing outside the city, causing consternation to the civil Chinese administration of Shanghai and the foreign-run concessions. The 19th Route Army was generally viewed as little more than a
327:
1045:
which was under international control. Japanese army officers, defying higher authorities, had provoked anti-Japanese demonstrations in the International Settlement following the
885:
1205:) by agitated Chinese civilians. Two were seriously injured, and one died. Over the next few hours, a Japanese group burnt down the factory, killing two Chinese in the fire.
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852:
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1589:. After winning some battles against the Communists, a peace agreement was negotiated. On November 22, the leadership of the 19th Route Army revolted against the
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Though the opening battle took place between the Hongkou and Zhabei districts of extra-settlement Shanghai, the conflict eventually spread outwards towards
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Internationally, the episode intensified opposition to Japan's aggression in Asia. The episode helped undermine civilian rule in Tokyo; Prime Minister
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1573:, while allowing the presence of a few Japanese units in the city. China was allowed to keep only a small police force within the city.
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monks, members of an ardently nationalist sect, shouted anti-Chinese slogans, and were beaten near Shanghai's Sanyou Factory (
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On February 28, after a week of fierce fighting characterized by the stubborn resistance of the troops mainly from
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On February 20, Japanese bombardments were increased to force the Chinese away from their defensive positions near
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Because Shanghai was a metropolitan city with many foreign interests invested in it, other countries, such as the
1395:. The foreign concessions remained largely untouched by the conflict, and it was often the case that those in the
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1953:"2、上海調査委員会報告（国際連盟）I、II、III、IV／LEAGUE OF NATIONS．SHANGHAI COMMITTEE． SECOND REPORT．SHANGHAI，12th．February，1932．"
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would watch the war from the banks of Suzhou Creek. They could even visit the battle lines by virtue of their
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as an emergency measure, due to the fact that Nanjing's proximity to Shanghai could make it a target.
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After the ceasefire was brokered, the 19th Army was reassigned by Chiang Kai-shek to suppress the
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21:"Shanghai Incident" redirects here. For the 1937 conflict known as Second Shanghai incident, see
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justification was that it had to defend its citizens and their property. In addition,
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National Archives (USA) film, "On the Japanese bombing and occupation of Shanghai."
1870:
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1627:
1487:, the Japanese, supported by superior artillery, took the village of Jiangwan (now
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1855:"Beyond Glory: Civilians, Combatants, and Society During the Battle of Shanghai"
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2004:
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2088:. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung (2nd ed.). Taipei: Chung Wu Publishing.
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of Japanese troops was increased to nearly 18,000 with the arrival of the
1977:
Ke Jiayun (March 3, 2015). "Bombed-out library with revolutionary past".
1562:
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92:
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1416:
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1363:
1251: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1196:
1102:
1653:(Japanese assassination of the Chinese head of state Generalissimo
1510:
1452:
1336:
1328:
1828:"The Fall Of Shanghai: Prelude To The Rape Of Nanking & WWII"
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and joint leader of the Japanese forces, was severely wounded by
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planned to increase Japanese influence further, especially into
2102:
photo collection of invasion of Manchuria and Shanghai incident
874:
309:
1438:
for humanitarian relief to civilians caught in the crossfire.
1220:
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fighting broke out, and China appealed with no success to the
2046:
Chiang Kai-shek: China's Generalissimo and the Nation He Lost
1723:
1721:
1407:
and the Oriental Library were destroyed. On January 30,
1033:(January 28 – March 3, 1932) was a conflict between the
2100:"On The Eastern Front", April 1932, Popular Mechanics
2069:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
1935:
1933:
1450:, supported by a number of warships and airplanes.
1111:), while in Western sources it is often called the
52:
The Chinese 19th Route Army in a defensive position
2043:
1411:decided to temporarily relocate the capital from
2067:China's Trial by Fire: The Shanghai War of 1932
1139:that occurred during the opening stages of the
32:
1515:Remembrance service for fallen Chinese troops
1341:Japanese troops burning residential districts
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321:
8:
2086:History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)
1053:Japanese Buddhist priests belonging to the
1494:On March 1, the advance contingent of the
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871:
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29:
1795:Japan Center for Asian Historical Records
1461:On February 14, Chiang Kai-shek sent the
1311:Learn how and when to remove this message
1081:In Chinese literature it is known as the
1904:
1902:
1900:
1727:
1049:. The Japanese government sent militant
997:Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)
938:Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)
2133:Battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War
2084:Hsu Long-hsuen; Chang Ming-kai (1971).
1717:
1991:
1939:
1891:
1565:troops in areas surrounding Shanghai,
1640:Events preceding World War II in Asia
1527:On May 5, China and Japan signed the
1135:, which is the Japanese name for the
16:1932 China–Japan conflict in Shanghai
7:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1630:and died of his injuries on May 26.
1358:Throughout this period, the Chinese
1249:adding citations to reliable sources
1791:"Showa 6.7 Nen Jihen Kaigun Senshi"
1744:. Pan Macmillan. p. 923/8920.
1325:Order of Battle January 28 Incident
1159:and would eventually establish the
1622:during a birthday celebration for
1155:, Japan had acquired control over
1073:was assassinated on May 15, 1932.
14:
2050:. Carroll & Graf Publishers.
1769:. Exisle Publishing. p. 38.
1557:). The agreement made Shanghai a
1397:Shanghai International Settlement
1355:Council agreed to these demands.
1333:Chinese military police in combat
1043:Shanghai International Settlement
2027:. 国際聯盟協会. 1932. p. 145,146.
1593:government, and established the
1225:
978:German Pacific possesions (1914)
245:
234:
224:
213:
137:
124:
1496:Japanese 11th Infantry Division
1457:Map of the fighting in Shanghai
1236:needs additional citations for
953:Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)
1871:10.1179/0729247312Z.0000000006
1668:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1553:
1544:
1536:
1380:dispatched nine planes to the
1201:
1192:
1184:
1119:. In Japan it is known as the
1107:
1098:
1090:
1047:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
353:1931–1937 (pre-war skirmishes)
82:(1 month and 4 days)
1:
2158:Military history of Shanghai
1529:Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement
2005:"JAP. CAPTURE OF KIANG-WAN"
1916:. McGraw-Hill. p. 98.
1853:Henriot, Christian (2012).
1613:Shanghai Expeditionary Army
1603:National Revolutionary Army
781:North Burma and West Yunnan
241:Shanghai Expeditionary Army
2174:
2065:Jordan, Donald A. (2001).
1765:Robinson, Stephen (2022).
1687:Marco Polo Bridge Incident
1595:Fujian People's Government
1473:divisions, into Shanghai.
1352:Shanghai Municipal Council
1322:
902:Military campaigns of the
79:January 28 – March 3, 1932
20:
1681:Defense of the Great Wall
1128:
943:Liaodong Peninsula (1895)
913:
403:Pacification of Manchukuo
349:
275:
258:
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150:
117:
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45:
37:
2042:Fenby, Jonathan (2003).
1663:Second Sino-Japanese War
1213:of Japanese-made goods.
1141:Second Sino-Japanese War
1133:Second Shanghai Incident
1012:Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)
340:Second Sino-Japanese War
1832:Warfare History Network
1740:Grescoe, Taras (2016).
1611:, the commander of the
1554:Sōnghù Tíngzhàn Xiédìng
1121:First Shanghai Incident
1041:. It took place in the
1007:French Indochina (1940)
283:10,000 civilians killed
1516:
1491:), north of Shanghai.
1458:
1448:IJA 24th Mixed Brigade
1342:
1334:
834:West Henan–North Hubei
253:Imperial Japanese Navy
151:Commanders and leaders
109:Shanghai demilitarized
1701:Robert McCawley Short
1561:and forbade China to
1514:
1456:
1444:9th Infantry Division
1340:
1332:
1260:"January 28 incident"
276:Casualties and losses
2148:February 1932 events
2025:日支紛争に関する国際聯盟調査委員会の報告
2013:. February 29, 1932.
1767:Eight Hundred Heroes
1405:The Commercial Press
1245:improve this article
1113:Shanghai War of 1932
2143:January 1932 events
1675:(18 September 1931)
1651:Huanggutun incident
1626:held at Shanghai's
1609:Yoshinori Shirakawa
1541:traditional Chinese
1401:extraterritoriality
1189:traditional Chinese
1131:), alluding to the
1095:traditional Chinese
1083:January 28 incident
1027:January 28 incident
983:Siberia (1918–1922)
761:Sichuan (cancelled)
189:Yoshinori Shirakawa
33:January 28 incident
1693:Battle of Shanghai
1617:Korean nationalist
1559:demilitarized zone
1533:simplified Chinese
1517:
1459:
1382:Hongqiao Aerodrome
1343:
1335:
1181:simplified Chinese
1137:Battle of Shanghai
1087:simplified Chinese
551:Yellow River flood
465:Railway Operation
23:Battle of Shanghai
2153:March 1932 events
2138:Conflicts in 1932
1859:War & Society
1834:. August 17, 2015
1583:Chinese Communist
1521:League of Nations
1378:Chinese Air Force
1321:
1320:
1313:
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1169:Japanese military
1161:puppet government
1117:Shanghai incident
1060:League of Nations
1035:Republic of China
1031:Shanghai incident
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948:China (1899–1901)
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727:Yunnan-Burma Road
665:Hundred Regiments
437:Marco Polo Bridge
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199:Kanichiro Tashiro
157:19th Route Army:
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1167:. However, the
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1071:Inukai Tsuyoshi
1039:Empire of Japan
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2020:
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1994:, p. 55.
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1751:9781447253433
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1728:Robinson 2022
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1234:This section
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2019:
2008:
1999:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1956:
1947:
1913:
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1862:
1858:
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1838:November 22,
1836:. Retrieved
1831:
1799:. Retrieved
1794:
1785:
1766:
1760:
1741:
1735:
1655:Zhang Zuolin
1628:Hongkou Park
1607:
1580:
1552:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1498:landed near
1493:
1489:Jiangwanzhen
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1301:January 2020
1298:
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1255:
1243:Please help
1238:verification
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990:Shōwa period
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958:Korea (1910)
917:Meiji period
915:
838:
824:
815:4th Changsha
806:
805:
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779:
772:
753:
721:3rd Changsha
719:
714:2nd Changsha
712:
707:South Shanxi
705:
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637:West Suiyuan
629:
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610:1st Changsha
608:
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488:Pingxingguan
480:
453:2nd Shanghai
451:
398:1st Shanghai
397:
300:2257 wounded
294:
287:
286:
193:
183:
171:
156:
118:Belligerents
38:Part of the
18:
1992:Jordan 2001
1940:Jordan 2001
1914:Japan's War
1892:Jordan 2001
747:Yenangyaung
688:South Henan
682:South Anhui
623:Kunlun Pass
521:Taierzhuang
184:Commander:
167:Cai Tingkai
2117:Categories
2057:0786713186
1801:August 15,
1797:. Gunreibu
1712:References
1647:(May 1928)
1591:Kuomintang
1436:cease fire
1271:newspapers
1151:After the
1147:Background
840:West Hunan
792:Mount Song
774:West Hubei
694:West Hubei
569:Wenxi fire
564:Wanjialing
413:Great Wall
298:738 killed
172:5th Army:
107:Ceasefire;
74:1932-03-03
67:1932-01-28
1879:0729-2473
1599:Hong Kong
1577:Aftermath
1485:Guangdong
1165:Manchukuo
1157:Manchuria
1143:in 1937.
787:Myitkyina
767:1943–1945
650:1940–1942
545:Chongqing
431:1937–1939
376:Jiangqiao
359:Manchuria
291:3,000 KIA
281:4,000 KIA
1962:June 29,
1912:(1986).
1634:See also
1563:garrison
1478:Miaohang
1463:5th Army
1446:and the
1393:Jiangwan
1177:Buddhist
1173:Shanghai
1125:Japanese
1037:and the
820:Hengyang
700:Shanggao
589:Nanchang
507:Massacre
269:80 ships
259:Strength
230:5th Army
93:Shanghai
87:Location
1571:Kunshan
1417:Luoyang
1413:Nanjing
1364:warlord
1285:scholar
1211:boycott
1129:第一次上海事変
1115:or the
860:Taihoku
853:Air War
846:Guangxi
808:Ichi-Go
800:Changde
742:Toungoo
732:Tachiao
533:Lanfeng
501:Nanking
482:Taiyuan
423:Suiyuan
386:Jinzhou
2073:
2054:
1920:
1877:
1773:
1748:
1695:(1937)
1683:(1933)
1587:Fujian
1569:, and
1567:Suzhou
1551::
1549:pinyin
1545:淞滬停戰協定
1543::
1537:淞沪停战协定
1535::
1432:France
1426:, the
1389:Wusong
1373:Zhabei
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1258:
1217:Battle
1199::
1197:pinyin
1191::
1183::
1105::
1103:pinyin
1099:一·二八事變
1097::
1091:一·二八事变
1089::
1077:Naming
737:Oktwin
642:Wuyuan
602:Swatow
581:Hainan
576:Canton
515:Xuzhou
493:Xinkou
447:Chahar
391:Harbin
364:Mukden
267:30,000
264:50,000
250:
142:
129:
104:Result
1957:JACAR
1500:Liuhe
1292:JSTOR
1278:books
1193:三友實業社
1185:三友实业社
558:Wuhan
145:Japan
132:China
97:China
2071:ISBN
2052:ISBN
1964:2022
1918:ISBN
1875:ISSN
1840:2020
1803:2023
1771:ISBN
1746:ISBN
1471:88th
1469:and
1467:87th
1430:and
1391:and
1264:news
1025:The
540:Amoy
418:Rehe
61:Date
1867:doi
1415:to
1371:of
1247:by
1163:of
1066:.
1029:or
2119::
2007:.
1955:.
1932:^
1899:^
1873:.
1863:31
1861:.
1857:.
1830:.
1811:^
1793:.
1720:^
1605:.
1547:;
1539:;
1403:.
1195:;
1187:;
1127::
1101:;
1093:;
95:,
2079:.
2060:.
1981:.
1966:.
1942:.
1926:.
1881:.
1869::
1842:.
1805:.
1779:.
1754:.
1531:(
1314:)
1308:(
1303:)
1299:(
1289:·
1282:·
1275:·
1268:·
1241:.
1123:(
1085:(
894:e
887:t
880:v
329:e
322:t
315:v
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72:(
69:)
65:(
25:.
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