36:
545:
450:
333:
822:
The interrogative forms are made by suffixing 'aa' with some changes effected. So, kaanundyaa (does/do ... see?) for kaanunda (sees), kandyaa (did ... see?) for kanda (saw), and kaanumaa/kaanunaa/kaanungaa (will ... see?) for kaanum (will see).
811:
For present tense, the negative is formed by adding vela (ppela for some verbs) to the stem. Not only that, a present negative may also function as a future negative. So, kaanuvela - is not seeing, does not see, will not
954:
905:
875:
849:
57:
947:
592:
497:
79:
517:
The initial short vowels, especially 'u', may fall away. For example: rangi (Mal. urangi) - slept, lakka (Mal. ulakka) - pestle.
302:
570:
475:
924:. Vol. 3, Language and literature. Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala): International School of Dravidian Linguistics. pp. 508-09.
865:
1754:
940:
842:
Lakshadweep
Pradesikabhasha Nighandu (Translation: Lakshadweep Regional Language Dictionary), Editor: Dr. Koyammakoya M
1749:
555:
460:
50:
44:
1663:
1542:
815:
For past tense, the negative is formed by suffixing ela to the past stem. So, kandela - did not see, has not seen.
574:
559:
479:
464:
1638:
1113:
1014:
971:
174:
61:
1764:
312:
1668:
1343:
566:
471:
891:
1557:
1306:
1034:
1029:
219:
214:
1713:
1410:
1382:
1289:
1174:
1164:
1067:
186:
1759:
1547:
1387:
1326:
1024:
1459:
1454:
1284:
1269:
1209:
963:
897:
166:
1520:
1301:
1279:
1274:
1242:
1154:
800:
Past: the stem of the verb may change as in
Mainland Malayalam. For 'kaanu', past is kanda - saw.
210:
345:. Malayalam text used in this article is transliterated into the Latin script according to the
1619:
1420:
1338:
1295:
1264:
1254:
1199:
1184:
901:
871:
845:
1526:
1499:
1449:
1441:
1415:
1372:
1332:
1316:
1194:
1189:
1169:
1159:
1147:
1019:
996:
342:
276:
180:
384:
word 'Jazari' (جزري) which means 'Islander' or 'of island'. It is spoken on the islands of
1706:
1683:
1653:
1624:
1614:
1593:
1509:
1486:
1469:
1464:
1394:
1377:
1321:
1311:
1237:
1227:
1179:
1134:
1108:
1082:
1047:
1009:
425:
201:
158:
1729:
1697:
1658:
1598:
1562:
1514:
1494:
1259:
1249:
1142:
1103:
1087:
269:
205:
1743:
1552:
1504:
1367:
1232:
1062:
606:
511:
433:
397:
192:
401:
797:
Present: suffix added is nna (mostly nda); so kaanunna/kaanunda - sees, is seeing.
818:
For the future tense, the old
Malayalam poetic suffix 'aa' may be used (kaanaa).
544:
449:
421:
370:
129:
119:
524:
Initial ch in
Mainland Malayalam, becomes sh: sholli (Mal.(old) cholli) - said.
1217:
787:
780:
405:
366:
346:
338:
289:
224:
139:
530:
Initial v in
Mainland Malayalam, becomes b: buli/ bili (Mal. vili) - call.
424:. Each of these islands has its own dialect. The dialects are similar to
320:
308:
1004:
429:
417:
409:
385:
362:
316:
932:
925:
332:
17:
527:
Initial p in
Mainland Malayalam, becomes f: fenn (Mal. pennu) - girl.
413:
393:
381:
622:
The case endings for nouns and pronouns are generally as follows:
389:
374:
115:
936:
844:. Sāhityapr̲avarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ, Nāṣaṇal Bukkȧ St̲āḷ.
538:
520:
As for the consonants, the following differences are notable:
443:
29:
786:
The verb 'kaanu' - meaning 'see', the same as in
Mainland
319:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
803:
Future: the suffix added is 'um'. So, kaanum - will see.
1732:(no surviving native speakers and no spoken descendant)
807:
The negatives of these tenses show some differences:
510:
The phonology is similar to the
Mainland dialect of
1696:
1646:
1637:
1607:
1586:
1579:
1535:
1485:
1478:
1440:
1433:
1403:
1360:
1208:
1133:
1124:
1096:
1075:
1056:
995:
986:
979:
970:
287:
282:
266:
258:
155:
145:
135:
125:
111:
96:
779:The conjugations of verbs are similar to Mainland
948:
8:
605:The grammar shows similarities to Mainland
573:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
478:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1643:
1583:
1482:
1437:
1130:
992:
983:
976:
955:
941:
933:
93:
644:Locative: nd, naa ul, l (only in traces);
593:Learn how and when to remove this message
498:Learn how and when to remove this message
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
658:
638:Communicative: oda, aa kooda, naa kooda;
514:, but with certain notable differences.
43:This article includes a list of general
832:
313:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
428:, a traditional dialect spoken by the
7:
571:adding citations to reliable sources
476:adding citations to reliable sources
1228:Arabi Malayalam (Mappila Malayalam)
369:, spoken in the Union Territory of
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
870:. Sura Books. 2006. p. 250.
262:Aminidivi, Koya, Malmi, Melacheri
641:Instrumental: aa kond, naa kond;
543:
448:
331:
34:
793:There are three simple tenses.
380:The word 'Jeseri' derives from
1:
920:Subramoniam, V. I. (1997).
1781:
151:(undated figure of 65,000)
1723:
1679:
893:India, a reference annual
840:Kōyammakkōya, Eṃ (2012).
746:
737:
716:
707:
704:
693:
685:
677:
674:
671:
661:
299:
106:
101:
632:Genitive: aa, naa, thaa;
420:, in the archipelago of
922:Dravidian Encyclopaedia
790:, is illustrated here.
64:more precise citations.
301:This article contains
1714:Proto-South Dravidian
900:. 2004. p. 851.
867:Sura's Year Book 2006
567:improve this section
472:improve this section
102:Jasari, Dweep Bhasha
27:Dialect of Malayalam
1755:Dravidian languages
964:Dravidian languages
898:Government of India
635:Dative: kk, n, oon;
1750:Languages of India
1243:Suriyani Malayalam
689:noo, namma, laaba
140:Lakshadweep people
1737:
1736:
1730:extinct languages
1692:
1691:
1664:Kumarbhag Paharia
1633:
1632:
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1428:
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907:978-81-230-1156-1
877:978-81-7254-124-8
851:978-81-922822-9-9
767:
766:
629:Accusative: a, na
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602:
595:
508:
507:
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327:
326:
309:rendering support
305:phonetic symbols.
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
1772:
1644:
1584:
1483:
1438:
1131:
1114:Attapady Kurumba
1015:Maundadan Chetti
993:
984:
977:
957:
950:
943:
934:
927:
918:
912:
911:
888:
882:
881:
862:
856:
855:
837:
659:
650:Vocative: e, aa;
626:Nominative: nil;
598:
591:
587:
584:
578:
547:
539:
503:
496:
492:
489:
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452:
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343:non-Latin script
341:is written in a
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277:Malayalam script
272:
161:
94:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
60:this article by
51:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
1780:
1779:
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1765:Arabi Malayalam
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1719:
1707:Proto-Dravidian
1698:Proto-languages
1688:
1675:
1629:
1603:
1567:
1531:
1474:
1425:
1399:
1348:
1238:Judeo-Malayalam
1204:
1126:
1120:
1092:
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1052:
1039:
988:
966:
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426:Arabi Malayalam
357:(also known as
352:
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350:
336:
307:Without proper
288:
273:
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254:
162:
159:Language family
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148:
147:Native speakers
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56:Please help to
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1669:Sauria Paharia
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1344:Wayanad Chetti
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438:
337:
330:
329:
328:
325:
324:
311:, you may see
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284:
283:Language codes
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270:Writing system
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113:
112:Native to
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1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:South-Central
1432:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1389:
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1334:
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1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:Mullu Kurumba
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
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1234:
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1132:
1129:
1123:
1115:
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1111:
1110:
1107:
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1102:
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1095:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1036:
1035:Jennu Kurumba
1033:
1031:
1030:Betta Kurumba
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
991:
985:
982:
980:Tamil–Kannada
978:
975:
973:
969:
965:
958:
953:
951:
946:
944:
939:
938:
935:
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843:
836:
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826:
824:
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774:
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680:
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647:Ablative: nd;
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612:
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608:
597:
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583:February 2024
576:
572:
568:
562:
561:
557:
552:This section
550:
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541:
540:
534:
529:
526:
523:
522:
521:
518:
515:
513:
512:Old Malayalam
502:
499:
491:
488:February 2024
481:
477:
473:
467:
466:
462:
457:This section
455:
451:
446:
445:
439:
437:
435:
434:Malabar Coast
432:community of
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
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84:
81:
73:
70:February 2023
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
1725:
1712:
1705:
1647:Kurukh-Malto
1608:Parji–Gadaba
1587:Kolami-Naiki
1519:
1411:Cholanaikkan
1383:Korra Koraga
1331:
1294:
1290:Malankuravan
1222:
1210:Malayalamoid
1175:Malapandaram
1165:Mala Malasar
921:
916:
892:
886:
866:
860:
841:
835:
821:
806:
792:
785:
778:
770:thaan: self;
621:
618:Case endings
604:
589:
580:
565:Please help
553:
519:
516:
509:
494:
485:
470:Please help
458:
379:
359:Dweep Bhasha
358:
354:
353:
300:
229:
220:Malayalamoid
91:
76:
67:
48:
1760:Lakshadweep
1388:Mudu Koraga
1361:Tulu-Koraga
1327:Thachanadan
1025:Alu Kurumba
705:3rd person
694:2nd person
672:1st person
422:Lakshadweep
371:Lakshadweep
315:instead of
197:Tamil–Irula
130:Lakshadweep
120:Lakshadweep
62:introducing
1744:Categories
1460:Mukha-Dora
1455:Manna-Dora
1285:Malamuthan
1270:Kanikkaran
827:References
741:masculine
711:masculine
708:proximate
686:inclusive
675:exclusive
175:Southern I
45:references
1728:indicate
1536:Konda-Kui
1521:Nagarchal
1479:Gondi-Kui
1302:Malavedan
1280:Kurichiya
1275:Kunduvadi
1218:Malayalam
1155:Eravallan
1127:Malayalam
1057:Toda-Kota
997:Kannadoid
788:Malayalam
781:Malayalam
752:feminine
722:feminine
664:singular
607:Malayalam
554:does not
459:does not
440:Phonology
406:Kavaratti
367:Malayalam
349:standard.
347:ISO 15919
339:Malayalam
290:ISO 639-3
225:Malayalam
215:Malayalam
167:Dravidian
136:Ethnicity
1620:Kondekor
1442:Teluguic
1421:Kumbaran
1339:Vishavan
1296:Malaryan
1265:Kalanadi
1255:Eranadan
1200:Yerukala
1185:Muthuvan
1148:Sankethi
1135:Tamiloid
1125:Tamil -
989:- Badaga
987:Kannada
655:Pronouns
321:Help:IPA
259:Dialects
171:Southern
1726:Italics
1580:Central
1527:Pardhan
1500:Khirwar
1450:Chenchu
1416:Kakkala
1373:Bellari
1333:Ullatan
1317:Pathiya
1195:Pattapu
1190:Paliyan
1170:Malasar
1160:Kaikadi
1020:Sholaga
1005:Kannada
760:neuter
738:remote
730:neuter
667:plural
575:removed
560:sources
535:Grammar
480:removed
465:sources
430:Mappila
418:Kalpeni
410:Androth
386:Chetlat
363:dialect
361:) is a
317:Unicode
181:Kannada
58:improve
1684:Brahui
1654:Kurukh
1625:Ollari
1615:Duruwa
1594:Kolami
1510:Madiya
1470:Waddar
1465:Telugu
1404:Others
1395:Kudiya
1378:Koraga
1322:Ravula
1312:Paniya
1223:Jeseri
1180:Mannan
1109:Muduga
1083:Kodava
1076:Kodagu
1048:Badaga
1010:Holiya
904:
874:
848:
700:ninga
681:nanga
416:, and
414:Agatti
398:Kadmat
394:Kiltan
382:Arabic
355:Jeseri
230:Jeseri
202:Kodava
200:Tamil–
191:Tamil–
185:Tamil–
179:Tamil–
126:Region
97:Jeseri
47:, but
18:Jasari
1659:Malto
1639:North
1599:Naiki
1563:Pengo
1558:Manda
1543:Konda
1515:Muria
1495:Gondi
1487:Gondi
1260:Kadar
1250:Allar
1233:Byari
1143:Tamil
1104:Irula
1097:Irula
1088:Urali
972:South
775:Verbs
678:naan
613:Nouns
402:Amini
390:Bitra
375:India
211:Tamil
206:Urali
116:India
1553:Kuvi
1505:Koya
1368:Tulu
1068:Kota
1063:Toda
902:ISBN
872:ISBN
846:ISBN
812:see.
763:adh
747:aba
733:idh
725:bel
717:iba
714:ben
697:née
558:any
556:cite
463:any
461:cite
193:Toda
187:Kota
107:ജസരി
1548:Kui
755:ol
744:on
569:by
474:by
377:.
373:in
365:of
303:IPA
1746::
896:.
783:.
609:.
436:.
412:,
408:,
404:,
400:,
396:,
392:,
388:,
956:e
949:t
942:v
910:.
880:.
854:.
596:)
590:(
585:)
581:(
577:.
563:.
501:)
495:(
490:)
486:(
482:.
468:.
323:.
295:–
213:–
204:–
83:)
77:(
72:)
68:(
54:.
20:)
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