170:
624:
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1153:
68:
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445:
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2047:. Developers have criticized the complexity and verbosity of the Java Persistence API (JPA), a standard part of Java EE. This has led to increased adoption of higher-level abstractions like Spring Data JPA, which aims to simplify database operations and reduce boilerplate code. The growing popularity of such frameworks suggests limitations in the standard JPA implementation's ease-of-use for modern Java development.
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7462:
6084:
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632:
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2012:, or a different container class has to be created for each contained class. Generics allow compile-time type checking without having to create many container classes, each containing almost identical code. In addition to enabling more efficient code, certain runtime exceptions are prevented from occurring, by issuing compile-time errors. If Java prevented all runtime type errors (
6579:
1548:
5577:
1567:. Unlike C++, which combines the syntax for structured, generic, and object-oriented programming, Java was built almost exclusively as an object-oriented language. All code is written inside classes, and every data item is an object, with the exception of the primitive data types, (i.e. integers, floating-point numbers,
3010:), that the Sun Java design team licensed the Oberon compiler sources a number of years prior to the release of Java and examined it: a (relative) compactness, type safety, garbage collection, no multiple inheritance for classes – all these key overall design features are shared by Java and Oberon.
787:'s acquisition of Sun Microsystems in 2009–10, Oracle has described itself as the steward of Java technology with a relentless commitment to fostering a community of participation and transparency. This did not prevent Oracle from filing a lawsuit against Google shortly after that for using Java inside the
3125:
In the summer of 1996, Sun was designing the precursor to what is now the event model of the AWT and the JavaBeans component architecture. Borland contributed greatly to this process. We looked very carefully at Delphi Object Pascal and built a working prototype of bound method references in order to
2636:
ruled on May 31, 2012, that APIs cannot be copyrighted, but this was reversed by the United States Court of
Appeals for the Federal Circuit in May 2014. On May 26, 2016, the district court decided in favor of Google, ruling the copyright infringement of the Java API in Android constitutes fair use.
2007:
were added to the Java language, as part of J2SE 5.0. Prior to the introduction of generics, each variable declaration had to be of a specific type. For container classes, for example, this is a problem because there is no easy way to create a container that accepts only specific types of objects.
1495:
Garbage collection may happen at any time. Ideally, it will occur when a program is idle. It is guaranteed to be triggered if there is insufficient free memory on the heap to allocate a new object; this can cause a program to stall momentarily. Explicit memory management is not possible in Java.
2592:
uses the Java language as the basis for
Android applications but does not use any of its standard GUI, SE, ME or other established Java standards. The bytecode language supported by the Android SDK is incompatible with Java bytecode and runs on its own virtual machine, optimized for low-memory
5185:
Frankly, I don't understand why Google intends to ignore the vast amount of existing implementation out there. It seems like a bad case of "not invented here" to me. Ultimately, this will slow adoption. There are already too many Java platforms for the mobile world and this is yet another
2631:
The use of Java-related technology in
Android led to a legal dispute between Oracle and Google. On May 7, 2012, a San Francisco jury found that if APIs could be copyrighted, then Google had infringed Oracle's copyrights by the use of Java in Android devices. District Judge
2612:
Android does not provide the full Java SE standard library, although the
Android SDK does include an independent implementation of a large subset of it. It supports Java 6 and some Java 7 features, offering an implementation compatible with the standard library
716:
included technologies and APIs for enterprise applications typically run in server environments, while J2ME featured APIs optimized for mobile applications. The desktop version was renamed J2SE. In 2006, for marketing purposes, Sun renamed new J2 versions as
1314:, which means that programs written for the Java platform must run similarly on any combination of hardware and operating system with adequate run time support. This is achieved by compiling the Java language code to an intermediate representation called
2531:(JNI) and had added platform-specific features of their own. Sun sued in 1997, and, in 2001, won a settlement of US$ 20 million, as well as a court order enforcing the terms of the license from Sun. As a result, Microsoft no longer ships Java with
2027:
in that it is possible to use generics to construct classes and methods that allow assignment of an instance one class to a variable of another unrelated class. Such code is accepted by the compiler, but fails at run time with a class cast exception.
1483:
occurs. If the program attempts to access or deallocate memory that has already been deallocated, the result is undefined and difficult to predict, and the program is likely to become unstable or crash. This can be partially remedied by the use of
1462:
may still occur if a programmer's code holds a reference to an object that is no longer needed, typically when objects that are no longer needed are stored in containers that are still in use. If methods for a non-existent object are called, a
1470:
One of the ideas behind Java's automatic memory management model is that programmers can be spared the burden of having to perform manual memory management. In some languages, memory for the creation of objects is implicitly allocated on the
711:
to comply strictly with the Java 1.0 language specification. With the advent of Java 2 (released initially as J2SE 1.2 in
December 1998 – 1999), new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms.
2042:
Criticisms directed at Java include the implementation of generics, speed, the handling of unsigned numbers, the implementation of floating-point arithmetic, and a history of security vulnerabilities in the primary Java VM implementation
1532:
Having solved the memory management problem does not relieve the programmer of the burden of handling properly other kinds of resources, like network or database connections, file handles, etc., especially in the presence of exceptions.
2511:
is another Java SE implementation that is licensed under the GNU GPL. The implementation started when Sun began releasing the Java source code under the GPL. As of Java SE 7, OpenJDK is the official Java reference implementation.
2077:
program. Companies or individuals participating in this process can influence the design and development of the APIs. This process has been a subject of controversy during the 2010s. The class library contains features such as:
2480:
The Oracle implementation is packaged into two different distributions: The Java
Runtime Environment (JRE) which contains the parts of the Java SE platform required to run Java programs and is intended for end users, and the
649:
initiated the Java language project in June 1991. Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time. The language was initially called
3749:
Oracle has been a leading and substantive supporter of Java since its emergence in 1995 and takes on the new role as steward of Java technology with a relentless commitment to fostering a community of participation and
1503:, where object addresses can be arithmetically manipulated (e.g. by adding or subtracting an offset). This allows the garbage collector to relocate referenced objects and ensures type safety and security.
2645:
in
January 2019 to challenge the two rulings that were made by the Appeals Court in Oracle's favor. On April 5, 2021, the Court ruled 6–2 in Google's favor, that its use of Java APIs should be considered
2989:
stated on a number of public occasions, e.g. in a lecture at the
Polytechnic Museum, Moscow in September 2005 (several independent first-hand accounts in Russian exist, e.g. one with an audio recording:
1406:, the addition of language features supporting better code analysis (such as inner classes, the StringBuilder class, optional assertions, etc.), and optimizations in the Java virtual machine, such as
5365:
5208:
1454:. The programmer determines when objects are created, and the Java runtime is responsible for recovering the memory once objects are no longer in use. Once no references to an object remain, the
5332:
5301:
4638:
535:
Java gained popularity shortly after its release, and has been a very popular programming language since then. Java was the third most popular programming language in 2022 according to
4316:
Salcic, Zoran; Park, Heejong; Teich, Jürgen; Malik, Avinash; Nadeem, Muhammad (July 22, 2017). "Noc-HMP: A Heterogeneous
Multicore Processor for Embedded Systems Designed in SystemJ".
1525:(G1GC) as the default. However, there are also several other garbage collectors that can be used to manage the heap. For most applications in Java, G1GC is sufficient. Previously, the
2650:. However, the court refused to rule on the copyrightability of APIs, choosing instead to determine their ruling by considering Java's API copyrightable "purely for argument's sake."
2637:
In March 2018, this ruling was overturned by the
Appeals Court, which sent down the case of determining the damages to federal court in San Francisco. Google filed a petition for
6149:
3676:
1773:
technology provides Web developers with a simple, consistent mechanism for extending the functionality of a Web server and for accessing existing business systems. Servlets are
5239:
3204:
4914:
1430:
Some platforms offer direct hardware support for Java; there are micro controllers that can run Java bytecode in hardware instead of a software Java virtual machine, and some
1364:(JIT) compilers that compile byte-codes to machine code during runtime were introduced from an early stage. Java's Hotspot compiler is actually two compilers in one; and with
5639:
4518:
2961:
2515:
The goal of Java is to make all implementations of Java compatible. Historically, Sun's trademark license for usage of the Java brand insists that all implementations be
2267:
A platform dependent implementation of the Java virtual machine that is the means by which the bytecodes of the Java libraries and third-party applications are executed
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4432:
904:
LTS in January 2019 for commercial use, although it will otherwise still support Java 8 with public updates for personal use indefinitely. Other vendors such as
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as a strong influence on the design of the Java programming language, stating that notable direct derivatives include Java interfaces (derived from Objective-C's
4205:
4202:"Is the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) platform dependent or platform independent? What is the advantage of using the JVM, and having Java be a translated language?"
8111:
2306:. It provides developers with an organized system for documenting their code. Javadoc comments have an extra asterisk at the beginning, i.e. the delimiters are
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1924:. Where prior implementations of these looks and feels may have been considered lacking, Swing in Java SE 6 addresses this problem by using more native
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Typical implementations of these APIs on Application Servers or Servlet Containers use a standard servlet for handling all interactions with the
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continue to offer free builds of OpenJDK's long-term support (LTS) versions. These builds may include additional security patches and bug fixes.
4059:
1623:. The Javadoc style of commenting allows the user to run the Javadoc executable to create documentation for the program and can be read by some
8081:
5632:
5103:
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8035:
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2542:, and an even more rigorous validation is required to certify an implementation. This environment enables portable server-side applications.
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218:
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on January 27, 2010. This implementation is based on the original implementation of Java by Sun. The Oracle implementation is available for
1796:
The Java servlet API has to some extent been superseded (but still used under the hood) by two standard Java technologies for web services:
1756:
in other applications, typically in a Web page displayed in a web browser. The Java applet API is now deprecated since Java 9 in 2017.
8101:
8076:
6088:
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2626:
828:(and others) highly recommend uninstalling outdated and unsupported versions of Java, due to unresolved security issues in older versions.
4668:
3298:
2997:
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3332:
1479:. In the latter case, the responsibility of managing memory resides with the programmer. If the program does not deallocate an object, a
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status. Sun generated revenue from Java through the selling of licenses for specialized products such as the Java Enterprise System.
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Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. Java applications are typically compiled to
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5673:
1966:
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731:
463:
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4608:
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1875:, a Java application in its own right, the first time it is accessed. After that, the generated servlet creates the response.
602:
JVM which is free open-source software and used by most developers and is the default JVM for almost all Linux distributions.
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The integration libraries, which allow the application writer to communicate with external systems. These libraries include:
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2714:
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The Java programming language requires the presence of a software platform in order for compiled programs to be executed.
2524:
2211:
1808:
1511:
1231:
Sun has defined and supports four editions of Java targeting different application environments and segmented many of its
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478:
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1571:, and characters), which are not objects for performance reasons. Java reuses some popular aspects of C++ (such as the
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In January 2016, Oracle announced that Java run-time environments based on JDK 9 will discontinue the browser plugin.
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322:
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161:
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similar to those of C++. There are three different styles of comments: a single line style marked with two slashes (
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7293:
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2221:
2195:
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2135:
1526:
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1969:, but since JDK 11 JavaFX has not been in the core JDK and instead in a separate module. JavaFX has support for
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7491:
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7000:
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1962:
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33:
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becoming Sun's default JVM in 2000. With Java 1.5, the performance was improved with the addition of the
5522:
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2247:
components, the means for laying out those components and the means for handling events from those components
776:/open-source distribution terms, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.
695:. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed network- and file-access restrictions. Major
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Programs written in Java have a reputation for being slower and requiring more memory than those written in
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92:
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2105:
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754:
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529:
104:
100:
96:
4751:"Java and unsigned int, unsigned short, unsigned byte, unsigned long, etc. (Or rather, the lack thereof)"
3614:
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2709:
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1917:
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bytecode into machine instructions made interpreted programs almost always run more slowly than native
4359:
4357:
4355:
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3991:
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1322:. Java bytecode instructions are analogous to machine code, but they are intended to be executed by a
539:. Although still widely popular, there has been a gradual decline in use of Java in recent years with
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7115:
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6314:
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2482:
2129:
2111:
1954:
1950:
1841:
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1403:
1373:
1372:. Java itself is platform-independent and is adapted to the particular platform it is to run on by a
1331:
1311:
1305:
884:
772:
license. On May 8, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of its JVM's core code available under
758:
606:
579:
505:
474:
108:
80:
75:
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609:
is the latest version. Java 8, 11, 17, and 21 are previous LTS versions still officially supported.
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6647:
6615:
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2004:
1893:
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requests, although there are a number of other standard servlet classes available, for example for
1507:
571:
567:
532:
and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages.
202:
84:
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67:
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7051:
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6017:
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5481:
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3995:
2470:
2446:
2236:
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2070:
2062:
2056:
1946:
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1628:
1514:(for methods) rather than on the heap, as is commonly true for non-primitive data types (but see
1455:
1419:
1342:
1277:
866:
825:
815:
801:
784:
757:. At one time, Sun made most of its Java implementations available without charge, despite their
743:
692:
587:
225:
132:
127:
5592:
3848:
2834:
2473:, ISO/IEC, ANSI, or other third-party standards organizations, the Oracle implementation is the
448:
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3288:
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1826:
requests and responses that delegate to the web service methods for the actual business logic.
169:
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libraries, which are built on AWT but provide (non-native) implementations of the AWT widgetry
2178:
2147:
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1978:
1901:
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213:
45:
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5136:
4778:"How Java's Floating-Point Hurts Everyone Everywhere - ACM 1998 Workshop on Java (Stanford)"
4325:
3698:
3398:
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3019:
2485:(JDK), which is intended for software developers and includes development tools such as the
2450:
2303:
2117:
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1998:
1970:
1909:
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becomes eligible to be freed automatically by the garbage collector. Something similar to a
1389:
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1341:
Standard libraries provide a generic way to access host-specific features such as graphics,
1273:
646:
551:
444:
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that has been superseded by later, standards-based Java ME configuration-profile pairings.
1152:
687:
Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1996. It promised
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17:
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for the Java SE platform. It is possible to specify a different look and feel through the
1753:
1515:
1489:
1451:
1398:. However, Java programs' execution speed improved significantly with the introduction of
1323:
708:
231:
206:
115:
88:
4402:
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779:
Sun's vice-president Rich Green said that Sun's ideal role with regard to Java was as an
5448:
4754:
1434:-based processors could have hardware support for executing Java bytecode through their
703:
within web pages, and Java quickly became popular. The Java 1.0 compiler was re-written
528:
facilities than either of them. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as
7531:
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4783:. Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of California at Berkeley.
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2614:
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2139:
398:
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3402:
1334:(JRE) installed on their device for standalone Java applications or a web browser for
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Program Development in Java - Abstraction, Specification, and Object-Oriented Design
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owns the official implementation of the Java SE platform, due to its acquisition of
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Java contains multiple types of garbage collectors. Since Java 9, HotSpot uses the
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option, though support has mostly been dropped in current implementations of ARM.
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and other multi-core collections, and it was improved further with Java 1.6.
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Either the container operates on all subtypes of a class or interface, usually
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2835:"Cracking The Java Programming Interview :: 2000+ Java Interview Que/Ans"
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2601:. Depending on the Android version, the bytecode is either interpreted by the
2594:
2099:
1913:
1518:). This was a conscious decision by Java's designers for performance reasons.
1357:
1179:
486:
426:
374:
52:
37:
5447:
Gosling, James; Joy, Bill; Steele, Guy; Bracha, Gilad; Buckley, Alex (2014).
4910:
4337:
3126:
understand their interaction with the Java programming language and its APIs.
3089:
1957:
that can run across a wide variety of devices. JavaFX is intended to replace
1488:, but these add overhead and complexity. Garbage collection does not prevent
1352:
The use of universal bytecode makes porting simple. However, the overhead of
764:
On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of its Java virtual machine (JVM) as
660:
tree that stood outside Gosling's office. Later the project went by the name
7997:
7606:
7349:
7110:
7105:
6866:
6749:
6692:
6519:
6321:
6262:
6257:
5921:
5685:
5201:"Google guilty of infringement in Oracle trial; future legal headaches loom"
5131:
3461:
3362:
3138:
2520:
2069:, developed to support application development in Java. It is controlled by
2024:
1861:
1790:
1415:
1260:(Java EE) – targeting large distributed enterprise or Internet environments.
1239:
1162:
673:
358:
302:
5617:
5356:"Google asks Supreme Court to overrule disastrous ruling on API copyrights"
5325:""Google's use of the Java API packages was not fair," appeals court rules"
4899:"Google wins six-year legal battle with Oracle over Android code copyright"
684:-style syntax that system and application programmers would find familiar.
5576:
5567:
1551:
This dependency graph of the Java Core classes was created with jdeps and
1547:
7651:
7641:
7386:
7288:
7229:
7188:
7178:
6954:
6939:
6894:
6851:
6790:
6554:
6524:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6331:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
5477:
4291:"Symantec's Just-In-Time Java Compiler To Be Integrated into Sun JDK 1.1"
3552:
2647:
2498:
2281:
1327:
905:
746:
to formalize Java, but it soon withdrew from the process. Java remains a
563:
497:
326:
294:
7734:
1506:
As in C++ and some other object-oriented languages, variables of Java's
7890:
7880:
7646:
7239:
6871:
6687:
6667:
6632:
6409:
6378:
6272:
6267:
6185:
5991:
5926:
5867:
5847:
5842:
5791:
5730:
5695:
5489:
4021:
2780:
2508:
2502:
2490:
2374: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2297:
1669: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1612:
1492:
leaks, i.e. those where the memory is still referenced but never used.
1435:
1365:
1188:(bundled in Oracle's JDK from versions 8 to 10 but separately since 11)
599:
370:
4934:
4932:
3433:
7957:
7925:
7809:
7601:
7573:
7260:
7219:
7193:
7020:
6969:
5996:
5941:
5771:
5740:
3328:
3293:
2260:
1942:
1937:
1185:
901:
536:
430:
382:
4329:
2523:
after Sun claimed that the Microsoft implementation did not support
7855:
6625:
6608:
6109:
3646:
2680:
2561:
is an alternative software platform, used primarily for developing
1905:
1560:
1395:
889:
As of September 2023, Java 8, 11, 17, and 21 are supported as
681:
521:
310:
7865:
7826:
7804:
7693:
7578:
7391:
7214:
6821:
6682:
6593:
6509:
6404:
6190:
6180:
6175:
6170:
5936:
5604:
3619:
3538:
Object-oriented Programming with Java: Essentials and Applications
2462:
2458:
2314:, whereas the normal multi-line comments in Java are delimited by
2280:, which allows Java applications to be efficiently distributed to
1986:
1982:
1921:
1552:
1546:
630:
622:
434:
418:
7947:
6959:
6637:
6514:
6493:
5610:
3900:
3822:
1849:
1823:
1812:
1782:
1235:
so that they belong to one of the platforms. The platforms are:
911:
Major release versions of Java, along with their release dates:
394:
41:
7738:
7480:
7024:
6113:
5621:
4631:"Removed from JDK 11, JavaFX 11 arrives as a standalone module"
4366:, p. 26-28, §Item 7: Eliminate obsolete object references.
3849:"Why should I uninstall older versions of Java from my system?"
2889:
1368:(included in e.g. Java 11, but removed as of Java 16) allowing
574:. As of May 2007, in compliance with the specifications of the
7982:
7952:
6728:
3119:(White Paper). JavaSoft, Sun Microsystems, Inc. Archived from
2469:. Because Java lacks any formal standardization recognized by
2343:
2172:
1638:
657:
406:
51:"Openframe" redirects here. For the ten-pin bowling term, see
4172:"Deep Dive Into the New Java JIT Compiler - Graal | Baeldung"
2994:"Niklaus Wirth's lecture at the Polytechnic Museum in Moscow"
2875:), after they were introduced in the similar (and competing)
1989:. JavaFX does not have support for native OS look and feels.
1510:
are either stored directly in fields (for objects) or on the
836:
There were five primary goals in creating the Java language:
691:(WORA) functionality, providing no-cost run-times on popular
5263:"Court sides with Oracle over Android in Java patent appeal"
2505:, a high performance Java dynamic compiler and interpreter.
2302:
Javadoc is a comprehensive documentation system, created by
1860:. JSPs embed Java code in an HTML page by using the special
1777:
Java EE components that generate responses to requests from
1631:
to allow developers to access documentation within the IDE.
5294:"Google beats Oracle—Android makes "fair use" of Java APIs"
4601:"Trail: Creating a GUI With JFC/Swing (The Java Tutorials)"
4318:
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems
1268:
in the Java APIs are organized into separate groups called
554:. It was released in May 1995 as a core component of Sun's
7270:
3197:"Facebook Q&A: Hack brings static typing to PHP world"
1588:
for classes, though multiple inheritance is supported for
1248:(Java ME) – targeting environments with limited resources.
250:
5232:"Google wins crucial API ruling, Oracle's case decimated"
4485:"Multiple Inheritance of State, Implementation, and Type"
1804:(JAX-RS 2.0) useful for AJAX, JSON and REST services, and
896:
Oracle released the last zero-cost public update for the
4661:"Getting Started with JavaFX: Hello World, JavaFX Style"
4429:"Java HotSpot™ Virtual Machine Performance Enhancements"
3077:, which makes it possible to generate interpretive code.
2175:
Processing (Parsing, Transforming, Validating) libraries
2934:
Gosling, James; Joy, Bill; Steele, Guy; Bracha, Gilad.
2859:
Java 5.0 added several new language features (the
1848:
Java EE components that generate responses, typically
2688:, used in old Android versions, replaced by non-JIT
7716:
7681:
7660:
7592:
7561:
7545:
7524:
7517:
7440:
7414:
7379:
7358:
7312:
7269:
7248:
7202:
7127:
7058:
6988:
6922:
6885:
6830:
6809:
6778:
6742:
6706:
6586:
6502:
6397:
6163:
6156:
6045:
6005:
5982:
5975:
5907:
5876:
5805:
5754:
5713:
5655:
5164:"Google Android: Initial Impressions and Criticism"
3289:"Don't call it a comeback: Why Java is still champ"
3262:"1.2 Design Goals of the Java Programming Language"
1572:
1411:
348:
284:
242:
224:
212:
192:
160:
138:
126:
114:
74:
272:
263:
3673:"JAVAONE: Sun – The bulk of Java is open sourced"
1475:or explicitly allocated and deallocated from the
1326:(VM) written specifically for the host hardware.
810:Java software runs on everything from laptops to
5096:"How to Write Doc Comments for the Javadoc Tool"
2257:APIs for audio capture, processing, and playback
3256:
3254:
3252:
3090:"A Conversation with James Gosling – ACM Queue"
2796:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2218:(CORBA) for distributed application development
1318:, instead of directly to architecture-specific
1254:(Java SE) – targeting workstation environments.
477:that is designed to have as few implementation
4571:"What Is a JSP Page? - The Java EE 5 Tutorial"
3073:and the language was based on an old model of
2936:"The Java Language Specification, 2nd Edition"
2224:(JMX) for managing and monitoring applications
1928:drawing routines of the underlying platforms.
1136:Free Java implementations § Class library
800:On April 2, 2010, James Gosling resigned from
7750:
7492:
7036:
6125:
5633:
4142:"Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE)"
1212:
855:It must be architecture-neutral and portable.
8:
5430:"Effective Java: Programming Language Guide"
2962:"The A-Z of Programming Languages: Modula-3"
2907:Gosling, James; McGilton, Henry (May 1996).
2023:In 2016, the type system of Java was proven
1559:The syntax of Java is largely influenced by
60:
6842:Common Development and Distribution License
4691:"Java and Scala's Type Systems are Unsound"
594:Java Virtual Machine, however the official
8023:
7757:
7743:
7735:
7521:
7499:
7485:
7477:
7043:
7029:
7021:
6834:
6577:
6160:
6132:
6118:
6110:
5979:
5640:
5626:
5618:
4225:
4223:
2538:Platform-independent Java is essential to
1781:. Most of the time, this means generating
1219:
1205:
1139:
168:
59:
4232:"Why Java will always be slower than C++"
3583:"Why Java Was – Not – Standardized Twice"
3541:. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 34.
3457:"So why did they decide to call it Java?"
2434:Learn how and when to remove this message
2216:Common Object Request Broker Architecture
1729:Learn how and when to remove this message
1272:. Each package contains a set of related
738:In 1997, Sun Microsystems approached the
4515:"Deprecated APIs, Features, and Options"
4082:"Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)"
3699:"Sun's Evolving Role as Java Evangelist"
2695:Java Heterogeneous Distributed Computing
2519:. This resulted in a legal dispute with
913:
582:most of its Java technologies under the
5541:from the original on September 25, 2011
5335:from the original on September 24, 2019
4869:Cadenhead, Rogers (November 20, 2017),
4259:"Loop Recognition in C++/Java/Go/Scala"
4032:from the original on September 20, 2023
4002:from the original on September 16, 2020
3972:from the original on September 26, 2018
3881:from the original on September 19, 2021
3709:from the original on September 15, 2010
2992:Filippova, Elena (September 22, 2005).
2841:from the original on September 29, 2023
2741:
2073:in cooperation with others through the
1142:
619:Java (software platform) § History
8132:Statically typed programming languages
5524:The Java Virtual Machine Specification
5508:from the original on February 14, 2012
5162:van Gurp, Jilles (November 13, 2007).
5106:from the original on December 18, 2014
5076:from the original on December 31, 2014
5016:from the original on December 31, 2014
4988:"HttpClient (Java SE 11 & JDK 11)"
4790:from the original on September 5, 2012
4703:from the original on November 28, 2016
4271:from the original on November 16, 2011
4152:from the original on December 17, 2014
4122:from the original on December 24, 2014
3855:from the original on February 12, 2018
3829:from the original on November 24, 2011
3615:"What is ECMA—and why Microsoft cares"
3370:from the original on February 15, 2017
3207:from the original on February 13, 2015
3069:The project went ahead under the name
2322:, and single-line comments start with
1380:into the platform's machine language.
858:It must execute with high performance.
570:were originally released by Sun under
8122:Programming languages created in 1995
8117:Object-oriented programming languages
5521:Lindholm, Tim; Yellin, Frank (1999).
5463:from the original on October 21, 2014
5304:from the original on January 20, 2017
4938:
4838:Java Persistence API, Jenkins and AWS
4641:from the original on October 14, 2020
4495:from the original on November 9, 2014
4409:from the original on January 21, 2009
4363:
4208:from the original on January 19, 2015
4182:from the original on October 28, 2021
3595:from the original on January 13, 2014
3268:from the original on January 23, 2013
3151:from the original on February 5, 2016
3000:from the original on December 1, 2020
2833:Chaudhary, Harry H. (July 28, 2014).
2573:The Java language is a key pillar in
2184:Internationalization and localization
1603:), a multiple line style opened with
699:soon incorporated the ability to run
485:programming language intended to let
7:
8112:Multi-paradigm programming languages
7511:free and open-source software (FOSS)
5174:from the original on August 28, 2008
5127:"Sun, Microsoft settle Java lawsuit"
5125:Niccolai, James (January 24, 2001).
5046:from the original on January 3, 2015
4879:from the original on August 13, 2021
4872:Understanding How Java Programs Work
4665:JavaFX 2 Tutorials and Documentation
4465:from the original on January 7, 2015
4092:from the original on January 4, 2015
4062:from the original on January 7, 2015
3735:. Oracle Corporation. Archived from
3563:from the original on August 25, 2006
3301:from the original on August 25, 2023
3237:from the original on August 13, 2021
3177:from the original on October 9, 2017
2627:Oracle America, Inc. v. Google, Inc.
2605:or compiled into native code by the
2372:adding citations to reliable sources
1667:adding citations to reliable sources
1283:Sun also provided an edition called
29:Object-oriented programming language
5368:from the original on April 23, 2019
5242:from the original on March 12, 2017
4917:from the original on March 26, 2019
4671:from the original on August 2, 2020
4611:from the original on April 29, 2020
4581:from the original on August 2, 2020
4551:from the original on August 2, 2020
4455:"Operator Overloading (C# vs Java)"
3911:from the original on March 29, 2024
3803:from the original on March 16, 2016
3653:from the original on August 8, 2006
3500:. Artima. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
3354:McMillan, Robert (August 1, 2013).
3335:from the original on August 2, 2023
3171:"Gambas Documentation Introduction"
2942:from the original on August 5, 2011
2761:from the original on March 14, 2016
2730:Comparison of programming languages
2206:Java Naming and Directory Interface
2082:The core libraries, which include:
1625:integrated development environments
508:(JVM) regardless of the underlying
7724:Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc.
5432:(third ed.). Addison-Wesley.
5404:from the original on April 5, 2021
5143:from the original on July 14, 2020
4521:from the original on June 19, 2019
3469:from the original on July 13, 2020
3455:Murphy, Kieron (October 4, 1996).
3391:"Java technology: The early years"
3096:from the original on July 16, 2015
3092:. Queue.acm.org. August 31, 2004.
2643:Supreme Court of the United States
1580:Unlike C++, Java does not support
1499:Java does not support C/C++ style
25:
8087:Class-based programming languages
5390:Google LLC v. Oracle America, Inc
5323:Farivar, Cyrus (March 27, 2018).
5273:from the original on May 10, 2014
4435:from the original on May 29, 2017
3679:from the original on May 27, 2014
3287:Melanson, Mike (August 9, 2022).
3030:) and primitive wrapper classes.
2749:Binstock, Andrew (May 20, 2015).
2584:. Although Android, built on the
1802:Java API for RESTful Web Services
1258:Java Platform, Enterprise Edition
546:Java was originally developed by
8092:Concurrent programming languages
8051:
8050:
8022:
7461:
7460:
6094:
6083:
6082:
5704:
5598:
5587:
5575:
5561:
5527:(2nd ed.). Addison-Wesley.
5494:(3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley.
5450:The Java® Language Specification
5261:Rosenblatt, Seth (May 9, 2014).
5211:from the original on May 8, 2012
5006:"Collections Framework Overview"
4941:, pp. 1–4, §1 Introduction.
4776:Kahan, William (March 1, 1998).
4383:from the original on May 6, 2014
3875:"Oracle Java SE Support Roadmap"
3647:"Java Community Process website"
3627:from the original on May 6, 2014
3426:"The History of Java Technology"
3139:"Chapel spec (Acknowledgements)"
2915:from the original on May 6, 2014
2660:
2383:"Java" programming language
2348:
1678:"Java" programming language
1643:
1151:
443:
66:
6101:Computer programming portal
5491:The Java Language Specification
5354:Lee, Timothy (April 23, 2019).
4952:"java.nio (Java Platform SE 8)"
3321:"The top programming languages"
3058:Java Application Servers Report
2964:. Computerworld. Archived from
2909:"The Java Language Environment"
2751:"Java's 20 Years of Innovation"
2588:, is written largely in C, the
2359:needs additional citations for
2208:(JNDI) for lookup and discovery
2016:s) from occurring, it would be
1654:needs additional citations for
1523:Garbage First Garbage Collector
1252:Java Platform, Standard Edition
768:(FOSS), under the terms of the
676:. Gosling designed Java with a
8142:Compiled programming languages
5806:Major third-party technologies
5603:Learning materials related to
3877:. Oracle. September 13, 2021.
1892:is a graphical user interface
1871:. A JSP is compiled to a Java
638:, the creator of Java, in 2008
1:
8082:C programming language family
6877:Open Source University Meetup
6786:Sun Microsystems Laboratories
6037:Sun Microsystems Laboratories
5566:The dictionary definition of
5066:"Trail: Internationalization"
4897:Woolf, Nicky (May 26, 2016).
4724:"Generics Considered Harmful"
4722:Arnold, Ken (June 27, 2005).
4541:"Applet (Java Platform SE 7)"
3823:"Learn About Java Technology"
3797:"Moving to a Plugin-Free Web"
3144:. Cray Inc. October 1, 2015.
3117:About Microsoft's "Delegates"
2715:List of Java virtual machines
2546:Use outside the Java platform
2525:Java remote method invocation
2212:Java remote method invocation
1809:Java API for XML Web Services
1615:commenting style opened with
766:free and open-source software
742:standards body and later the
7448:Oracle Certification Program
5292:Mullin, Joe (May 26, 2016).
5230:Mullin, Joe (May 31, 2012).
4810:"Have you checked the Java?"
3901:"Temurin™ Support; Adoptium"
3423:Object-oriented programming
3049:TechMetrix Research (1999).
2102:(HTTP client) since Java 11)
1949:for creating and delivering
1376:(JVM), which translates the
1246:Java Platform, Micro Edition
793:
219:Automatic garbage collection
8102:Java specification requests
8077:Java (programming language)
6996:The Network is the Computer
5582:Java (programming language)
5199:Mullin, Joe (May 7, 2012).
3264:. Oracle. January 1, 1999.
3227:"Write once, run anywhere?"
2668:Computer programming portal
2501:. Oracle has also released
2287:Licensing and documentation
1900:system of Swing. Clones of
1448:automatic garbage collector
1442:Automatic memory management
1310:One design goal of Java is
1276:, classes, subpackages and
18:Java Language Specification
8158:
6196:SPARCstation/server/center
6013:Apache Software Foundation
4726:. java.net. Archived from
3357:"Is Java Losing Its Mojo?"
3325:The State of the Octoverse
2725:Comparison of Java and C++
2624:
2333:
2295:
2232:libraries, which include:
2222:Java Management Extensions
2196:Java Database Connectivity
2054:
2035:
1996:
1935:
1882:
1833:
1763:
1752:Java applets are programs
1745:
1540:
1527:Parallel Garbage Collector
1387:
1299:
1133:
882:
616:
50:
31:
8107:JVM programming languages
8018:
7795:
7772:
7456:
7441:Education and recognition
7009:
6837:
6678:Sun Secure Global Desktop
6575:
6147:
6080:
5899:Free Java implementations
5702:
5100:Oracle Technology Network
4146:Oracle Technology Network
4116:Oracle Technology Network
4086:Oracle Technology Network
4056:Oracle Technology Network
3992:"The Arrival of Java 15!"
3931:"JAVASOFT SHIPS JAVA 1.0"
3649:. Jcp.org. May 24, 2010.
3511:"JAVASOFT SHIPS JAVA 1.0"
3432:. c. 1995. Archived from
2720:Comparison of C# and Java
2565:with its own GUI system.
2336:Free Java implementations
2274:to be run in web browsers
753:, controlled through the
541:other languages using JVM
440:
353:
289:
188:
156:
65:
7704:Oracle VM Server for x86
7622:Java (software platform)
7001:Write once, run anywhere
6545:System Service Processor
5649:Java (software platform)
5036:"Java Security Overview"
4204:. Programmer Interview.
3962:"Introducing Java SE 11"
3553:"JSG – Java Study Group"
3115:The Java Language Team.
2894:January 7, 2006, at the
1450:to manage memory in the
1400:just-in-time compilation
1332:Java Runtime Environment
1302:Java (software platform)
689:write once, run anywhere
672:, a type of coffee from
664:and was finally renamed
596:reference implementation
566:, virtual machines, and
560:reference implementation
490:write once, run anywhere
34:Java (software platform)
32:Not to be confused with
6560:Ultra Port Architecture
3496:April 13, 2007, at the
2885:March 19, 2011, at the
2812:. USA, Addison Wesley.
2705:List of Java frameworks
2582:mobile operating system
2557:for use with Java. The
2241:Abstract Window Toolkit
1898:pluggable look and feel
1418:implementations of the
605:As of March 2024,
175:; 18 months ago
7627:Maxine Virtual Machine
7617:Image Packaging System
6847:Java Community Process
6714:StorageTek 5800 System
6565:Visual Instruction Set
6023:Java Community Process
5889:Java Community Process
5456:(Java SE 8 ed.).
5428:Bloch, Joshua (2018).
5392:593 U. S. ____ (2021)"
4637:. September 20, 2018.
4459:C# for Java Developers
4377:"NullPointerException"
3998:. September 15, 2020.
3389:Byous, Jon (c. 1998).
3067:on December 29, 2010.
3036:July 13, 2011, at the
2603:Dalvik virtual machine
2340:List of Java compilers
2270:Plugins, which enable
2243:(AWT), which provides
2126:Functional programming
2106:Reflective programming
2075:Java Community Process
1556:
876:
755:Java Community Process
639:
628:
576:Java Community Process
516:of Java is similar to
144:; 29 years ago
8127:Programming languages
7766:Programming languages
7584:Oracle NoSQL Database
7546:Programming languages
7249:Programming languages
6801:Project Looking Glass
5755:Platform technologies
4816:on September 21, 2012
3430:Sun Developer Network
3395:Sun Developer Network
2710:List of JVM languages
2529:Java Native Interface
2235:The (heavyweight, or
1955:rich web applications
1912:are supplied by Sun.
1785:pages in response to
1550:
1467:exception is thrown.
1296:Java JVM and bytecode
838:
645:, Mike Sheridan, and
634:
627:Duke, the Java mascot
626:
510:computer architecture
481:as possible. It is a
7091:Héctor García-Molina
6760:Visualization System
6755:Constellation System
5884:Java version history
5736:Java virtual machine
5726:Java Development Kit
5584:at Wikimedia Commons
4757:on February 20, 2009
4403:"Exceptions in Java"
4238:on February 11, 2008
4052:"Java Card Overview"
3767:"Time to move on..."
3436:on February 10, 2010
2563:Android applications
2553:Oracle supplies the
2483:Java Development Kit
2368:improve this article
2136:Collection libraries
2112:Concurrent computing
1951:desktop applications
1811:(JAX-WS) useful for
1663:improve this article
1586:multiple inheritance
1582:operator overloading
1529:was used in Java 8.
1508:primitive data types
1412:java.util.concurrent
1374:Java virtual machine
1306:Java virtual machine
1182:(Enterprise Edition)
885:Java version history
759:proprietary software
572:proprietary licenses
543:gaining popularity.
506:Java virtual machine
504:that can run on any
475:programming language
199:Static, strong, safe
7689:Java Desktop System
7415:Computer appliances
7059:Corporate directors
6648:Java Desktop System
5714:Oracle technologies
4835:Chidester, Ashlan.
4730:on October 10, 2007
3776:on November 5, 2010
3739:on January 31, 2010
2284:across the Internet
2202:for database access
2122:Scripting, Compiler
1414:package, including
1123:September 17, 2024
1107:September 19, 2023
1091:September 20, 2022
1075:September 14, 2021
1059:September 15, 2020
1043:September 17, 2019
1027:September 25, 2018
1011:September 21, 2017
979:September 30, 2004
841:It must be simple,
558:. The original and
226:Filename extensions
139:First appeared
62:
7699:Oracle Grid Engine
7432:Big Data Appliance
7071:H. Raymond Bingham
7052:Oracle Corporation
6535:Modular Datacenter
6150:Acquired by Oracle
6028:Oracle Corporation
6018:Eclipse Foundation
5482:Steele, Guy L. Jr.
5205:Law & Disorder
5070:The Java Tutorials
5040:Java Documentation
5010:Java Documentation
4489:The Java Tutorials
4178:. August 6, 2021.
3203:. March 26, 2014.
3173:. Gambas Website.
3123:on June 27, 2012.
2968:on January 5, 2009
2639:writ of certiorari
2471:Ecma International
2447:Oracle Corporation
2250:The (lightweight)
2164:double-ended queue
2063:Java Class Library
2057:Java Class Library
2014:ClassCastException
1932:JavaFX application
1920:look and feel for
1840:JavaServer Pages (
1557:
1501:pointer arithmetic
1456:unreachable memory
1370:tiered compilation
1176:(Standard Edition)
987:December 11, 2006
947:February 19, 1997
785:Oracle Corporation
744:Ecma International
640:
629:
133:Oracle Corporation
8064:
8063:
8046:Non-English-based
7732:
7731:
7712:
7711:
7661:Operating systems
7595:development tools
7474:
7473:
7380:Computer hardware
7359:Operating systems
7320:Fusion Middleware
7120:Naomi O. Seligman
7101:Jeffrey O. Henley
7018:
7017:
6965:Procom Technology
6945:Lighthouse Design
6918:
6917:
6900:Andy Bechtolsheim
6719:StorageTek SL8500
6573:
6572:
6450:UltraSPARC III Cu
6327:Blade workstation
6107:
6106:
6076:
6075:
5580:Media related to
4970:"Java Networking"
3960:Chander, Sharat.
3941:on March 10, 2007
3765:(April 9, 2010).
3729:"Oracle and Java"
3517:on March 10, 2007
3405:on April 20, 2005
3051:"History of Java"
2861:enhanced for loop
2700:List of Java APIs
2475:de facto standard
2444:
2443:
2436:
2418:
2038:Criticism of Java
1979:Microsoft Windows
1971:desktop computers
1947:software platform
1916:also provides an
1879:Swing application
1739:
1738:
1731:
1713:
1402:in 1997/1998 for
1229:
1228:
1127:
1126:
971:February 6, 2002
955:December 8, 1998
939:January 23, 1996
891:long-term support
457:
456:
214:Memory management
194:Typing discipline
142:May 23, 1995
46:Javanese language
16:(Redirected from
8149:
8137:Sun Microsystems
8054:
8053:
8026:
8025:
7759:
7752:
7745:
7736:
7522:
7501:
7494:
7487:
7478:
7464:
7463:
7304:Developer Studio
7272:
7096:Joseph Grundfest
7045:
7038:
7031:
7022:
6950:Montalvo Systems
6930:Afara Websystems
6835:
6581:
6374:Java Workstation
6364:SPARC Enterprise
6161:
6141:Sun Microsystems
6134:
6127:
6120:
6111:
6099:
6098:
6086:
6085:
6068:Patrick Naughton
6033:Sun Microsystems
5980:
5894:Sun Microsystems
5787:Web Start (JNLP)
5708:
5642:
5635:
5628:
5619:
5602:
5593:Java Programming
5591:
5579:
5565:
5550:
5548:
5546:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5476:Gosling, James;
5472:
5470:
5468:
5462:
5455:
5443:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5409:
5403:
5396:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5289:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5278:
5258:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5247:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5216:
5207:. Ars Technica.
5196:
5190:
5189:
5181:
5179:
5159:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5137:IDG News Service
5122:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5092:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5062:
5056:
5055:
5053:
5051:
5032:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5002:
4996:
4995:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4966:
4960:
4959:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4894:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4832:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4821:
4812:. Archived from
4806:
4800:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4789:
4782:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4753:. Archived from
4746:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4708:
4702:
4695:
4687:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4657:
4651:
4650:
4648:
4646:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4597:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4586:
4567:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4556:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4511:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4470:
4451:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4440:
4425:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4373:
4367:
4361:
4350:
4349:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4297:on June 28, 2010
4293:. Archived from
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4276:
4270:
4263:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4234:. Archived from
4230:Jelovic, Dejan.
4227:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4198:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4187:
4176:www.baeldung.com
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4138:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4108:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4078:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4018:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4007:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3937:. Archived from
3927:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3795:Topic, Dalibor.
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3781:
3772:. Archived from
3759:
3753:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3675:. GrnLight.net.
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3611:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3513:. Archived from
3507:
3501:
3490:Once Upon an Oak
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3441:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3401:. Archived from
3399:Sun Microsystems
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3359:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3317:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3273:
3258:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3066:
3060:. Archived from
3055:
3046:
3040:
3020:Patrick Naughton
3017:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2904:
2898:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2798:
2785:
2784:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2746:
2670:
2665:
2664:
2599:tablet computers
2593:devices such as
2451:Sun Microsystems
2439:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2376:
2352:
2344:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2304:Sun Microsystems
2092:(NIO), or IO/NIO
2090:non-blocking I/O
2088:(I/O or IO) and
2067:standard library
2015:
2011:
1999:Generics in Java
1961:as the standard
1870:
1866:
1836:JavaServer Pages
1830:JavaServer Pages
1734:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1671:
1647:
1639:
1622:
1619:and closed with
1618:
1610:
1607:and closed with
1606:
1602:
1576:
1575:
1452:object lifecycle
1413:
1390:Java performance
1291:Execution system
1242:for smart-cards.
1221:
1214:
1207:
1155:
1140:
1104:Java SE 21 (LTS)
1072:Java SE 17 (LTS)
1024:Java SE 11 (LTS)
914:
893:(LTS) versions.
735:, respectively.
647:Patrick Naughton
552:Sun Microsystems
524:, but has fewer
496:), meaning that
449:Java Programming
447:
277:
274:
268:
265:
259:
256:
254:
252:
183:
181:
176:
172:
167:Java SE 20
152:
150:
145:
116:Designed by
70:
63:
21:
8157:
8156:
8152:
8151:
8150:
8148:
8147:
8146:
8067:
8066:
8065:
8060:
8014:
7791:
7768:
7763:
7733:
7728:
7708:
7677:
7656:
7594:
7588:
7557:
7541:
7513:
7505:
7475:
7470:
7452:
7436:
7427:Oracle Exalogic
7410:
7375:
7354:
7335:WebLogic Server
7308:
7265:
7244:
7210:Oracle Database
7198:
7123:
7116:Donald L. Lucas
7054:
7049:
7019:
7014:
7005:
6984:
6935:Cobalt Networks
6914:
6881:
6826:
6805:
6774:
6738:
6702:
6582:
6569:
6498:
6453:UltraSPARC IIIi
6393:
6152:
6143:
6138:
6108:
6103:
6093:
6072:
6058:Arthur van Hoff
6041:
6001:
5971:
5903:
5872:
5801:
5750:
5709:
5700:
5651:
5646:
5558:
5553:
5544:
5542:
5535:
5520:
5511:
5509:
5502:
5475:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5440:
5427:
5423:
5418:
5417:
5407:
5405:
5401:
5394:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5371:
5369:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5338:
5336:
5322:
5321:
5317:
5307:
5305:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5276:
5274:
5260:
5259:
5255:
5245:
5243:
5229:
5228:
5224:
5214:
5212:
5198:
5197:
5193:
5177:
5175:
5161:
5160:
5156:
5146:
5144:
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5123:
5119:
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5094:
5093:
5089:
5079:
5077:
5064:
5063:
5059:
5049:
5047:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5019:
5017:
5004:
5003:
4999:
4992:docs.oracle.com
4986:
4985:
4981:
4974:docs.oracle.com
4968:
4967:
4963:
4956:docs.oracle.com
4950:
4949:
4945:
4937:
4930:
4920:
4918:
4896:
4895:
4891:
4882:
4880:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4819:
4817:
4808:
4807:
4803:
4793:
4791:
4787:
4780:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4760:
4758:
4749:Owens, Sean R.
4748:
4747:
4743:
4733:
4731:
4721:
4720:
4716:
4706:
4704:
4700:
4693:
4689:
4688:
4684:
4674:
4672:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4644:
4642:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4614:
4612:
4605:docs.oracle.com
4599:
4598:
4594:
4584:
4582:
4575:docs.oracle.com
4569:
4568:
4564:
4554:
4552:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4524:
4522:
4513:
4512:
4508:
4498:
4496:
4483:
4482:
4478:
4468:
4466:
4453:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4436:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4412:
4410:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4386:
4384:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4362:
4353:
4330:10.1145/3073416
4315:
4314:
4310:
4300:
4298:
4289:
4288:
4284:
4274:
4272:
4268:
4261:
4257:Hundt, Robert.
4256:
4255:
4251:
4241:
4239:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4185:
4183:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4155:
4153:
4140:
4139:
4135:
4125:
4123:
4110:
4109:
4105:
4095:
4093:
4080:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4063:
4050:
4049:
4045:
4035:
4033:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4005:
4003:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3975:
3973:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3944:
3942:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3914:
3912:
3899:
3898:
3894:
3884:
3882:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3858:
3856:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3832:
3830:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3806:
3804:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3779:
3777:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3742:
3740:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3712:
3710:
3697:
3696:
3692:
3682:
3680:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3656:
3654:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3630:
3628:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3585:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3566:
3564:
3551:
3550:
3546:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3520:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3498:Wayback Machine
3487:Kabutz, Heinz;
3486:
3482:
3472:
3470:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3439:
3437:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3373:
3371:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3304:
3302:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3271:
3269:
3260:
3259:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3233:. May 2, 2002.
3231:Computer Weekly
3225:
3224:
3220:
3210:
3208:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3180:
3178:
3169:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3099:
3097:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3064:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3038:Wayback Machine
3018:
3014:
3003:
3001:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2896:Wayback Machine
2887:Wayback Machine
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2820:
2800:
2799:
2788:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2764:
2762:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2690:Android Runtime
2666:
2659:
2656:
2629:
2623:
2607:Android Runtime
2571:
2548:
2440:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2377:
2375:
2365:
2353:
2342:
2332:
2330:Implementations
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2294:
2140:data structures
2138:that implement
2059:
2053:
2051:Class libraries
2040:
2034:
2013:
2009:
2001:
1995:
1940:
1934:
1887:
1881:
1868:
1864:
1838:
1832:
1793:communication.
1768:
1762:
1750:
1744:
1735:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1672:
1670:
1660:
1648:
1637:
1635:Special classes
1627:(IDEs) such as
1620:
1616:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1573:
1545:
1539:
1516:escape analysis
1444:
1428:
1392:
1386:
1330:commonly use a
1324:virtual machine
1308:
1300:Main articles:
1298:
1293:
1225:
1170:(Micro Edition)
1138:
1132:
1115:March 19, 2024
1099:March 21, 2023
1083:March 22, 2022
1067:March 16, 2021
1051:March 17, 2020
1035:March 19, 2019
1019:March 20, 2018
1003:March 18, 2014
1000:Java SE 8 (LTS)
887:
881:
845:, and familiar.
843:object-oriented
834:
709:Arthur van Hoff
621:
615:
590:offers its own
568:class libraries
483:general-purpose
472:object-oriented
280:
271:
262:
249:
184:
179:
177:
174:
173:/ 21 March 2023
148:
146:
143:
89:object-oriented
56:
49:
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8155:
8153:
8145:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8124:
8119:
8114:
8109:
8104:
8099:
8094:
8089:
8084:
8079:
8069:
8068:
8062:
8061:
8059:
8058:
8048:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7985:
7980:
7975:
7970:
7965:
7960:
7955:
7950:
7945:
7944:
7943:
7933:
7928:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7878:
7873:
7868:
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7128:Acquisitions (
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5607:at Wikiversity
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5556:External links
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4431:. Oracle.com.
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4405:. Artima.com.
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2424:September 2023
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1541:Main article:
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1486:smart pointers
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7299:SQL Developer
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6469:UltraSPARC T2
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6464:UltraSPARC T1
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6459:UltraSPARC IV
6457:
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6433:
6432:
6431:
6430:UltraSPARC II
6428:
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6053:James Gosling
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6019:
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6006:Organizations
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5909:JVM languages
5906:
5900:
5897:
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5892:
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5887:
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5823:GNU Classpath
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5572:at Wiktionary
5571:
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5559:
5555:
5540:
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5534:0-201-43294-3
5530:
5526:
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5519:
5507:
5503:
5501:0-321-24678-0
5497:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5486:Bracha, Gilad
5483:
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4854:September 16,
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4734:September 10,
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4461:. Microsoft.
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4031:
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4017:
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4006:September 15,
4001:
3997:
3993:
3987:
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3976:September 26,
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3880:
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3859:September 24,
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3850:
3844:
3841:
3828:
3824:
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3798:
3791:
3788:
3775:
3771:
3770:On a New Road
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3751:
3750:transparency.
3738:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3708:
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3042:
3039:
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3025:
3021:
3016:
3013:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2987:Niklaus Wirth
2983:
2980:
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2819:9780201657685
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2776:
2773:
2760:
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2713:
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2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2669:
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2658:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2644:
2640:
2635:
2634:William Alsup
2628:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2555:Java platform
2551:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2513:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2487:Java compiler
2484:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2438:
2435:
2427:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2395:
2392:
2388:
2385: –
2384:
2380:
2379:Find sources:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2357:This section
2355:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2327:
2305:
2299:
2292:Documentation
2291:
2286:
2283:
2279:
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2269:
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2262:
2259:
2256:
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2249:
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2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:(concurrency)
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2039:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2019:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1953:, as well as
1952:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1886:
1878:
1876:
1874:
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1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
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1837:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1817:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1797:
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1792:
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1780:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1730:
1722:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1687:
1683:
1680: –
1679:
1675:
1674:Find sources:
1668:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1652:This section
1650:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1614:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1578:
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1566:
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1549:
1544:
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1534:
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1528:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1446:Java uses an
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1409:
1405:
1404:Java 1.1
1401:
1397:
1391:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1378:Java bytecode
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:Java bytecode
1313:
1307:
1303:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1285:Personal Java
1281:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1222:
1217:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1187:
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1178:
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1172:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1144:Java platform
1141:
1137:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1042:
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1038:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
999:
998:
994:
991:
990:
986:
983:
982:
978:
975:
974:
970:
967:
966:
962:
959:
958:
954:
951:
950:
946:
943:
942:
938:
935:
934:
930:
928:
924:
923:
919:
916:
915:
912:
909:
907:
903:
899:
894:
892:
886:
878:
872:
868:
864:
860:
857:
854:
851:
847:
844:
840:
839:
837:
831:
829:
827:
823:
821:
817:
816:game consoles
813:
808:
805:
803:
798:
796:
795:
790:
786:
782:
777:
775:
774:free software
771:
767:
762:
760:
756:
752:
750:
745:
741:
740:ISO/IEC JTC 1
736:
734:
733:
728:
727:
722:
721:
715:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
654:
648:
644:
643:James Gosling
637:
636:James Gosling
633:
625:
620:
612:
610:
608:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:Java platform
553:
549:
548:James Gosling
544:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
488:
484:
480:
476:
473:
469:
465:
461:
450:
446:
442:
441:
439:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
344:
343:Object Pascal
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
285:Influenced by
283:
276:
270:
267:
261:
258:
248:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
227:
223:
220:
217:
215:
211:
208:
204:
200:
197:
195:
191:
187:
180:21 March 2023
171:
165:
163:
159:
155:
141:
137:
134:
131:
129:
125:
122:
121:James Gosling
119:
117:
113:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
77:
73:
69:
64:
58:
54:
47:
43:
39:
35:
27:
19:
8041:Generational
8031:Alphabetical
8027:
8007:
7895:
7832:Visual Basic
7673:Oracle Linux
7552:
7525:Applications
7366:Oracle Linux
7255:
7174:Virtual Iron
7111:Jack F. Kemp
7066:Jeffrey Berg
6923:Acquisitions
6910:Vinod Khosla
6724:Open Storage
6322:Blade server
6253:SPARCclassic
6087:
5916:
5682:(Enterprise)
5611:
5595:at Wikibooks
5568:
5543:. Retrieved
5523:
5510:. Retrieved
5490:
5467:November 18,
5465:. Retrieved
5449:
5429:
5421:Bibliography
5406:. Retrieved
5389:
5382:
5370:. Retrieved
5361:Ars Technica
5359:
5349:
5337:. Retrieved
5329:Ars Technica
5328:
5318:
5306:. Retrieved
5298:Ars Technica
5297:
5287:
5275:. Retrieved
5266:
5256:
5244:. Retrieved
5236:Ars Technica
5235:
5225:
5213:. Retrieved
5204:
5194:
5184:
5183:
5176:. Retrieved
5167:
5157:
5145:. Retrieved
5130:
5120:
5110:December 18,
5108:. Retrieved
5099:
5090:
5080:December 18,
5078:. Retrieved
5069:
5060:
5050:December 18,
5048:. Retrieved
5039:
5030:
5020:December 18,
5018:. Retrieved
5009:
5000:
4991:
4982:
4973:
4964:
4955:
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2086:Input/output
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1965:library for
1941:
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1872:
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1465:null pointer
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1362:Just-in-time
1354:interpreting
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1336:Java applets
1320:machine code
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1192:PersonalJava
963:May 8, 2000
910:
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812:data centers
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780:
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770:GPL-2.0-only
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701:Java applets
697:web browsers
686:
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545:
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479:dependencies
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7668:OpenSolaris
7569:Berkeley DB
7225:Berkeley DB
6862:OpenSolaris
6765:Grid Engine
6743:Performance
6673:Java System
6643:OpenWindows
6384:Cobalt Qube
6369:JavaStation
5984:Conferences
5691:Android SDK
5612:Java Weekly
5545:February 8,
5512:February 8,
4645:October 13,
4212:January 19,
4186:October 13,
4026:openjdk.org
3945:February 5,
3374:October 15,
3339:October 15,
3305:October 15,
3272:January 14,
3211:January 11,
3155:January 14,
3075:UCSD Pascal
3024:Objective-C
2946:February 8,
2873:annotations
2806:John Guttag
2621:Controversy
2595:smartphones
2590:Android SDK
2579:open source
2559:Android SDK
1846:server-side
1775:server-side
1748:Java applet
1543:Java syntax
1481:memory leak
1460:memory leak
1384:Performance
1358:executables
1312:portability
863:interpreted
861:It must be
852:and secure.
848:It must be
789:Android SDK
670:Java coffee
487:programmers
468:class-based
339:UCSD Pascal
335:Objective-C
93:class-based
8071:Categories
7901:JavaScript
7777:Comparison
7537:VirtualBox
7406:StorageTek
7400:Enterprise
7313:Middleware
7279:JDeveloper
7164:JD Edwards
7144:PeopleSoft
7081:Safra Catz
6980:Tarantella
6975:StorageTek
6698:VirtualBox
6663:StarOffice
6425:UltraSPARC
6420:SuperSPARC
6415:microSPARC
6398:Processors
6389:Cobalt RaQ
6310:Enterprise
6063:Urs Hölzle
5952:Processing
5680:Jakarta EE
5676:(Standard)
5102:. Oracle.
5072:. Oracle.
5042:. Oracle.
5012:. Oracle.
4939:Bloch 2018
4667:. Oracle.
4547:. Oracle.
4517:. Oracle.
4491:. Oracle.
4413:August 10,
4379:. Oracle.
4364:Bloch 2018
4148:. Oracle.
4118:. Oracle.
4088:. Oracle.
4058:. Oracle.
3966:oracle.com
3851:. Oracle.
3825:. Oracle.
3743:August 23,
3733:oracle.com
3181:October 9,
2879:language.
2865:autoboxing
2736:References
2625:See also:
2517:compatible
2394:newspapers
2334:See also:
2214:(RMI) and
2100:user agent
2096:Networking
1926:GUI widget
1862:delimiters
1852:pages, to
1689:newspapers
1611:, and the
1595:Java uses
1590:interfaces
1347:networking
1278:exceptions
1274:interfaces
1180:Jakarta EE
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1120:Java SE 23
1112:Java SE 22
1096:Java SE 20
1088:Java SE 19
1080:Java SE 18
1064:Java SE 16
1056:Java SE 15
1048:Java SE 14
1040:Java SE 13
1032:Java SE 12
1016:Java SE 10
832:Principles
797:section).
781:evangelist
617:See also:
580:relicensed
578:, Sun had
530:reflection
464:high-level
427:JavaScript
375:ECMAScript
349:Influenced
203:nominative
149:1995-05-23
109:concurrent
105:reflective
101:imperative
97:functional
53:Open frame
38:JavaScript
7998:Smalltalk
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7562:Databases
7350:GlassFish
7340:Coherence
7330:SOA Suite
7325:WebCenter
7203:Databases
7106:Mark Hurd
6867:OpenSPARC
6831:Community
6810:Education
6693:GlassFish
6520:Fireplane
5976:Community
5922:BeanShell
5838:Hibernate
5813:Blackdown
5746:Maxine VM
5686:Java Card
5656:Platforms
5478:Joy, Bill
5372:April 23,
5339:August 6,
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5132:JavaWorld
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4883:March 26,
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4324:(4): 73.
4301:August 1,
4112:"Java SE"
3915:March 29,
3807:March 15,
3713:August 2,
3567:August 2,
3462:JavaWorld
3440:April 30,
3409:April 22,
3201:InfoWorld
2765:March 18,
2641:with the
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2282:end users
2186:libraries
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2018:type safe
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1791:WebSocket
1577:method).
1416:lock-free
1343:threading
1328:End-users
1240:Java Card
1163:Java Card
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992:Java SE 7
984:Java SE 6
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693:platforms
674:Indonesia
656:after an
586:license.
564:compilers
526:low-level
359:BeanShell
303:Smalltalk
128:Developer
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7822:Assembly
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7289:NetBeans
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7189:NetSuite
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6940:Gridware
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6852:NetBeans
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5539:Archived
5506:Archived
5488:(2005).
5458:Archived
5408:April 6,
5399:Archived
5366:Archived
5333:Archived
5302:Archived
5271:Archived
5240:Archived
5209:Archived
5178:March 7,
5172:Archived
5147:July 13,
5141:Archived
5104:Archived
5074:Archived
5044:Archived
5014:Archived
4915:Archived
4877:archived
4785:Archived
4698:Archived
4669:Archived
4639:Archived
4609:Archived
4579:Archived
4549:Archived
4519:Archived
4493:Archived
4463:Archived
4433:Archived
4407:Archived
4381:Archived
4346:11150290
4275:July 12,
4266:Archived
4206:Archived
4180:Archived
4150:Archived
4120:Archived
4090:Archived
4060:Archived
4030:Archived
4022:"JDK 21"
4000:Archived
3970:Archived
3909:Archived
3879:Archived
3853:Archived
3827:Archived
3801:Archived
3707:Archived
3677:Archived
3651:Archived
3625:Archived
3590:Archived
3561:Archived
3494:Archived
3473:July 13,
3467:Archived
3368:Archived
3333:Archived
3299:Archived
3266:Archived
3241:July 27,
3235:Archived
3205:Archived
3175:Archived
3146:Archived
3094:Archived
3034:Archived
3028:protocol
2998:Archived
2940:Archived
2913:Archived
2892:Archived
2883:Archived
2839:Archived
2808:(2000).
2781:"JDK 20"
2759:Archived
2654:See also
2648:fair use
2499:debugger
2497:, and a
2179:Security
2142:such as
2118:Generics
2005:generics
1993:Generics
1754:embedded
1719:May 2019
1597:comments
1270:packages
1146:editions
1130:Editions
976:J2SE 5.0
968:J2SE 1.4
960:J2SE 1.3
952:J2SE 1.2
906:Adoptium
900:version
879:Versions
867:threaded
751:standard
749:de facto
502:bytecode
498:compiled
355:Ada 2005
327:Modula-3
295:Simula67
207:manifest
76:Paradigm
8009:more...
7988:Scratch
7891:Haskell
7881:Fortran
7837:classic
7787:History
7717:Related
7647:OpenJDK
7637:Nashorn
7612:HotSpot
7240:Essbase
6989:Slogans
6872:OpenJDK
6707:Storage
6668:iPlanet
6633:SunView
6599:Solaris
6540:Neptune
6410:MB86900
6186:Sun386i
6164:Systems
6092:
5992:JavaOne
5967:Oxygene
5927:Clojure
5877:History
5868:WildFly
5863:TopLink
5848:Jazelle
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5833:Harmony
5818:Eclipse
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5772:MIDlets
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5731:OpenJDK
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5668:Java ME
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5277:May 10,
5246:June 1,
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4525:May 31,
3935:sun.com
3683:May 26,
3657:June 9,
3599:June 3,
3521:May 13,
3100:June 9,
2972:June 9,
2869:varargs
2845:May 29,
2575:Android
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2455:Windows
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2298:Javadoc
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1779:clients
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1703:scholar
1629:Eclipse
1613:Javadoc
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1426:Non-JVM
1408:HotSpot
1366:GraalVM
1266:classes
1174:Java SE
1168:Java ME
944:JDK 1.1
936:JDK 1.0
917:Version
871:dynamic
794:Android
732:Java SE
726:Java ME
720:Java EE
705:in Java
668:, from
613:History
607:Java 22
600:OpenJDK
598:is the
592:HotSpot
371:Clojure
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7261:PL/SQL
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2465:, and
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850:robust
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802:Oracle
729:, and
588:Oracle
537:GitHub
514:syntax
512:. The
411:Python
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6683:MySQL
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6181:Sun-3
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3620:ZDNet
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2415:JSTOR
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2252:Swing
2166:, or
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2098:(new
1987:macOS
1983:Linux
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1922:macOS
1914:Apple
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1869:%>
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1473:stack
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275:.java
255:/java
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7271:IDEs
7256:Java
7130:list
6960:Pixo
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6658:Java
6638:NeWS
6626:ZFS+
6609:NIS+
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6515:SBus
6494:MAJC
6489:Rock
6347:E25K
6332:Fire
5917:Java
5605:Java
5569:Java
5547:2019
5529:ISBN
5514:2019
5496:ISBN
5469:2014
5434:ISBN
5410:2021
5374:2019
5341:2019
5310:2016
5279:2014
5267:CNET
5248:2012
5217:2012
5180:2009
5149:2020
5112:2014
5082:2014
5052:2014
5022:2014
4923:2019
4907:ISSN
4885:2019
4856:2024
4843:ISBN
4822:2011
4796:2011
4763:2011
4736:2015
4709:2017
4677:2020
4647:2020
4617:2020
4587:2020
4557:2020
4545:Docs
4527:2019
4501:2014
4471:2014
4441:2017
4415:2010
4389:2014
4334:ISSN
4303:2009
4277:2012
4244:2008
4214:2015
4188:2021
4158:2014
4128:2014
4098:2014
4068:2014
4038:2023
4008:2020
3978:2018
3947:2008
3917:2024
3887:2021
3861:2021
3835:2011
3809:2016
3782:2011
3745:2010
3715:2009
3685:2014
3659:2010
3633:2014
3601:2018
3569:2006
3523:2018
3475:2020
3442:2010
3411:2005
3376:2023
3341:2023
3307:2023
3274:2013
3243:2009
3213:2015
3183:2017
3157:2016
3102:2010
3006:2011
2974:2010
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2921:2014
2871:and
2847:2016
2814:ISBN
2767:2016
2597:and
2387:news
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2162:and
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1906:GTK+
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