314:
140:
388:). L'Olive established himself west of Pointe Allègre on the banks of what became the Vieux-Fort river, so called because Fort Saint-Pierre was built there. Du Plessis made his base east of Pointe Allègre and built a small fort on the river that became called Petit-Fort river. No traces of these forts remain, but an old map shows their position. The governors went to Saint Christophe for six weeks. Two weeks after they arrived d’Esnambuc sent colonists to settle in Martinique.
377:
395:. The Caribs helped them fell trees, sow the land, make canoes and fish for turtles and manatees. However, acting against the advice of Du Plessis, l'Olive decided to attack the Caribs and take their food and women. Jean du Plessis seems to have been gentle, human and prudent, and broke with the more brutal Charles de l'Olive. Du Plessis embarked for France with Jean François du Buc late in 1635 after the
334:
and dwellings would all become property of the company. The contract, signed on 14 February 1635, commissioned l'Olive and Du
Plessis to "command together on the island they would inhabit." The two founders could not pay all the expenses, so brought in the merchants of Dieppe in exchange for a share of the profits over six years. The merchants had to supply them with 2,500 men.
245:
368:. The expedition sailed in two ships. One, with 400 men, carried l’Olive, Duplessis and two of the Dominicans, and the other carried 150 men and the other two Dominicans. They reached Martinique on 25 June 1635, which they claimed for the king, then moved on because they found the island "cut by precipices and gullies and infested with poisonous snakes".
231:
217:
203:
175:
161:
189:
147:
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this fleet. The fleet arrived at Saint-Christophe at the end of August 1629, defeated the
English, reestablished d'Esnambuc and the French settlers in their settlements, and left for France. However, in November 1629 the Spanish admiral Federico de Toledo chased the French from the island. They left on two ships and attempted colonization of
284:
and other neighboring islands at the entrance to Peru that were not possessed by any king or
Christian prince. They engaged over 500 men to work on the islands for three years, sailed in three ships in February 1627, and after a difficult crossing landed in Saint-Christophe almost three months later.
333:
Under the contract the
Company would provide arms, ammunition and the protection of the government. L'Olive and Du Plessis would have settled at least 800 men after ten years, not counting women and children. They would pay a petun (tobacco) fee, and at the end of the contract the settlements, forts
329:
to settle
Guadeloupe. He met Jean Du Plessis, sieur d'Ossonville in Dieppe, who agreed to join his project. The relationship between Du Plessis and Cardinal Richelieu may have been a factor. The two men went on to Paris to negotiate with the Company. They signed a treaty with the company in February
304:
decided to colonize other islands, and sent an exploratory expedition to
Martinique, Dominica and Guadeloupe under Guillaume d'Orange, who reported that Guadeloupe seemed the easiest to settle. Spanish attempts to colonize the Guadeloupe archipelago in the first half of the 16th century had failed,
288:
The first French settlers suffered from famine and fought with the Caribs and the
English, who also had a settlement on the island. Richelieu sent a squadron of six ships commanded by Admiral François de Rotondy, seigneur de Cussac (or Cahuzac) to assist the settlers. Jean du Plessis travelled with
341:
missionaries. There were 40 Norman families of peasant origin, 30 prostitutes from the port of Dieppe or Paris, and 400 hired laborers. Those who paid for their voyage would be given concessions to grow tobacco or sugar in the island, which they would work using slaves from Africa and hired hands
279:
were removed. They returned to France and in 1626 with the support of
Cardinal Richelieu founded the "Association des Seigneurs de la Compagnie des Isles de l’Amérique". The private venture had the mandate to settle Saint Christophe,
313:
30:
365:
757:
139:
391:
Pointe-Allègre proved to be a poor location, and many settlers died from sickness or starvation. The survivors moved to the south of the island beside the present
350:(36 months) after the term they were forced to serve. They would be treated, beaten and sold as slaves. However, some of them would later obtain concessions.
346:(allocated people) could not pay for their trip, but were on contract to work for three years. The people hired to cultivate the islands were nicknamed
326:
258:
727:
384:
The ships made a very fast passage to
Guadeloupe, where they disembarked on 28 or 29 June 1635. The landing point was near Pointe-Allègre (
694:
301:
63:
609:
657:"Arrivée des Premiers Habitants à la Guadeloupe en juin 1635 : les écrits des chroniqueurs et les réalités insulaires"
396:
268:
361:
113:(died 4 December 1635) was a joint leader of the French expedition that established a colony on the island of
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275:) in 1625, and were struck by the potential of the island as a colony once the indigenous
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1635 in which they engaged to take 200 men to settle
Dominica, Martinique or Guadeloupe.
610:"Jean VI François du Buc du Pacquerel, baron de Bretagnolles, Gouverneur de la Grenade"
563:
746:
276:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
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129:. He was the seigneur d’Ossonville, an advocate in Dieppe and a distant relative of
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629:"Le destin d'une habitation-sucrerie de l'île de la Basse-Terre en Guadeloupe"
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114:
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had been ruined. He died on 4 December 1635, apparently on the return boat.
628:
446:
444:
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438:
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1759 map. Fort St. Peter (Saint-Pierre) is shown on the northern point of
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The settlers left Dieppe on 25 May 1635 with 554 people, including four
357:
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126:
544:
641:
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and since then European sailors had only used it as a resting place.
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from 1658 to 1660, was a leading member of the expedition, as was
719:
Les Petites Antilles de Christophe Colomb Ă Richelieu: 1493-1635
594:
28 juin 1635 : la Guadeloupe devient une colonie française
564:
28 juin 1635 : la Guadeloupe devient une colonie française
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L'Olive left for Paris in 1634 to obtain permission from the
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in 1635. He died on the island after less than six months.
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and Urbain Du Roissey reached Saint Christopher Island (
701:(in French), Planetcaraibes Association, archived from
608:
Buc de Mannetot, Y.B. du; Renard-Marlet, F. (2013),
96:
88:
78:
73:
57:
47:
29:
18:
680:Histoire politique et commerciale des Antilles ...
597:(in French), La France pittoresque, 26 May 2017
297:. They returned to Saint-Christophe in 1630.
8:
545:La Colonisation Française / Planetantilles
517:
366:Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon
15:
640:
575:
505:
493:
469:
429:
451:Buc de Mannetot & Renard-Marlet 2013
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758:French colonial governors of Guadeloupe
407:
43:28 June 1635 – 4 December 1635
481:
300:In 1634 d'Esnambuc and his lieutenant
244:
125:Jean du Plessis was a gentleman from
7:
664:Généalogie et Histoire de la Caraïbe
380:Sugar cane plantation on Guadeloupe
111:Jean du Plessis, sieur d’Ossonville
20:Jean du Plessis, sieur d’Ossonville
321:, and Old Fort on the south point.
230:
216:
202:
14:
722:(in French), KARTHALA Editions,
683:(in French), vol. 1, France
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215:
201:
187:
174:
173:
160:
159:
145:
138:
655:Chalumeau, Fortuné (May 2008),
188:
146:
633:Les nouvelles de l'archéologie
327:Compagnie des îsles d'Amérique
262:Islands in the Lesser Antilles
1:
397:Compagnie de Saint-Christophe
716:Moreau, Jean-Pierre (1992),
627:Casagrande, Fabrice (2018),
695:"La Colonisation Française"
356:, who would be Governor of
774:
677:Dessalles, Adrien (1847),
302:Charles Liènard de l'Olive
133:(Armand Jean du Plessis).
64:Charles Liènard de l'Olive
104:
69:
36:
25:
372:Settlement of Guadeloupe
269:Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc
267:The French adventurers
381:
322:
31:Governor of Guadeloupe
379:
316:
309:Guadeloupe expedition
354:Jean François du Buc
259:class=notpageimage|
635:(in French) (150),
614:La Saga des Du Buc
382:
362:Constant d'Aubigné
323:
319:Basse-Terre Island
131:Cardinal Richelieu
729:978-2-86537-335-2
666:(in French) (214)
342:from France. The
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74:Personal details
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518:Casagrande 2018
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512:
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492:
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468:
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436:
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348:trente-six mois
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82:4 December 1635
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48:
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21:
12:
11:
5:
771:
769:
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755:
745:
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699:Planetantilles
691:
674:
652:
624:
605:
588:
586:
583:
581:
580:
576:Chalumeau 2008
568:
549:
522:
510:
506:Dessalles 1847
498:
494:Dessalles 1847
486:
484:, p. 198.
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470:Chalumeau 2008
455:
434:
430:Chalumeau 2008
406:
404:
401:
373:
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307:
257:
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251:St. Christophe
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705:on 2018-09-30
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508:, p. 66.
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24:
17:
733:, retrieved
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707:, retrieved
703:the original
698:
685:, retrieved
679:
668:, retrieved
663:
646:, retrieved
632:
618:, retrieved
613:
599:, retrieved
593:
571:
520:, p. 3.
513:
501:
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477:
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383:
364:, father of
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343:
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324:
299:
287:
266:
124:
110:
109:
59:Succeeded by
38:
753:1635 deaths
616:(in French)
482:Moreau 1992
386:Sainte-Rose
273:Saint Kitts
89:Nationality
49:Preceded by
747:Categories
735:2018-09-30
709:2018-09-30
687:2018-09-30
670:2018-09-30
648:2018-09-30
620:2018-09-30
601:2018-09-30
393:Vieux-Fort
295:Montserrat
237:Montserrat
223:Martinique
209:Guadeloupe
121:Background
115:Guadeloupe
97:Occupation
84:Guadeloupe
339:Dominican
39:In office
282:Barbados
181:Dominica
167:Barbados
585:Sources
358:Grenada
344:alloués
291:Antigua
195:Grenada
153:Antigua
127:Picardy
100:Soldier
726:
92:French
660:(PDF)
403:Notes
724:ISBN
293:and
79:Died
53:none
637:doi
749::
697:,
662:,
631:,
612:,
552:^
525:^
458:^
437:^
410:^
639::
566:.
547:.
453:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
